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7/27/2019 Certified Teacher
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A certified teacher is a teacher who has earned credentials from an authoritative source, such as the
government, a higher education institution or a private source. This teacher qualification gives a teacher
authorization to teach and grade in pre-schools, primary or secondary education in countries, schools,
content areas or curricula where authorization is required. While many authorizing entities require
student teaching before earning teacher certification, routes vary from country to country. A teaching
qualification is one of a number of academic and professional degrees that enables a person to become
a registered teacher. Depending on country, such qualifications may for example include the
Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE), the Professional Graduate Diploma in Education (PGDE)
and the Bachelor of Education.In Canada provinces have jurisdiction over education. In some provinces
certification is handled through a provincial government department while in others a provincial College
of Teachers has responsibility. Generally the requirements are for an undergraduate university degree
plus a one or two year Bachelor's of Education or equivalent. For general overviews, the governing
departments or Colleges usually have dedicated websites, accessible here:
http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/profcert/province.html
In Manitoba, for example, the responsibility for teacher certification lies with the Department of
Education, Citizenship, and Youth - Professional Certification and Records Branch. Teachers need a
Bachelor's degree in Education (B.Ed.), often on top of another recognized Bachelor's degree. This adds
one or two more years to a university education.
To earn a degree in secondary education, teachers must have a certain number of university credits in
their subject field. This number varies from province to province, and in some provinces it varies from
school to school. Most employers of teachers require that successful applicants complete criminalrecord checks, as well as verification that an employee is not listed in the Child Abuse Registry. These
same requirements are, in addition to being a sound part of the hiring practice, a requirement of most
provincial education legislation. Other requirements such as a tuberculosis test, and level of experience
criteria may also be required. Many provinces require prospective teachers to obtain a criminal record
check prior to hire.
In extreme circumstances, such as a lack of any suitable certifiable candidates for a specific teaching
position, an employer may apply for temporary certification of a non-certified person. This temporary
certification is usually valid for one calendar year after ministry approval, but must be requested by the
school, not by a non-certified applicant for a teaching position.
France[edit source | editbeta]
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In France, teachers (professeurs) are mainly civil servants, recruited by competitive examination. They
must have previously gained college education and receive professional education in IUFMs (University
Institutes for Teachers Training). Starting in 2010, IUFM studies will be replaced by a new Master of
Education. There are six corps of teachers in France's public service :
five corps require at least a licentiate (bachelor's degree equivalent) and hold the same pay :
Professeurs des écoles : Primary education teachers. They pass the CRPE competitive exam.
Professeurs certifiés : high school, mainly junior high, teachers. They hold the CAPES (certificate for
teaching in secondary education) or the CAPET (certificate for teaching in technological education).
Professeurs de l'enseignement privé : private schools teachers. They hold the CAFEP (certificate for
teaching in private education).
Professeurs de lycées professionnels : vocational high schools teachers. They hold the CAPLP (certificate
for teaching in vocational high schools).
Professeurs de l'enseignement physique et sportif : sport teachers. They hold the CAPEPS (certificate for
teaching sport education).
One corps require at least a master's degree and hold a higher pay :
Professeurs agrégés : high school teachers. They pass the Agrégation competitive exam. A very
prestigious title, often required for applying at academic positions. They represent a minority in high
schools.
In addition, every holder of a licentitate may teach on a non-permanent basis.
India[edit source | editbeta]
In India across various states there are different qualifications required to be a teacher. The government
school generally recruit the teachers through competitive examination. There are degrees like BEd, DEd,
TTC to professionally train the teachers. However, one may be appointed as teacher in a non
government funded school even if one does not have these degrees. Apart from the state schools there
are also schools run under the Central government. These schools strictly recruit based on the
qualification alone. In situations where the government recruits people without qualifications, there are
in service training done by DIETS. In the colleges, that is the post school education, however the
qualification does not a teacher training degree, but remains to be national / state level examinations
and qualifications decided by UGC.
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Indonesia[edit source | editbeta]
Since 2007, millions of in-service school teachers in Indonesian public and private formal schools have
participated in the national teacher certification program. This is part of a nation-wide educator
certification system that aims to improve teachers' and lecturers' professionalism and welfare. It was
established as the implementation of the Teacher and Lecturer Act of 2005, one of the ground-breaking
pieces of legislation and government regulations in the education sector deliberated during the Susilo
Bambang Yudhoyono administration. To qualify for the program, a school teacher must first of all have a
four-year diploma or an undergraduate degree from a recognized tertiary institution. Junior teachers
with achievements are encouraged to take part in a teacher certification program through teacher
training that lasts two semesters; senior teachers are required to take part in teacher certification
through portfolio assessment. These two types of teacher certification are conducted in more than 35
in-service teacher certification centers throughout Indonesia. The majority of these centers are located
in state and private universities that were once teachers' colleges and are still running teacher training
programs. Successful participants will receive an "Educator Certificate" entitling the holders to, among
others, financial incentives and chances for career promotion.
Singapore[edit source | editbeta]
Teachers in Singapore teaching at government primary and secondary schools (including Junior Colleges)must attain a Diploma in Education (Dip.Ed) or a Post Graduate Diploma in Education (PGDE). Both
qualifications can be obtained only at the National Institute of Education (NIE), Nanyang Technological
University (Singapore). Information can be found here: Diploma programmes, PGDE, Information about
Teacher Recruitment
Sweden[edit source | editbeta]
In Sweden, only registered teachers and preschool teachers will be elligiblie for permanent employment,
after 1 December 2013, with a few exceptions. The head-master is responsible for grading if the teacher
is not registred. Only registered teachers can be mentor to new teachers during their probationary year,
which is required for registration. Since 1 July 2011, teachers and preschool teachers in Sweden can
apply for registration by the Swedish National Agency for Education. The purpose of the reform is to
raise the level of skills among teachers and preschool teachers so as to improve the quality of
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educational services. A long-term goal is also to achieve an increase in the salary of teachers to make
teacher studies more attractive and attract stronger students.[1]
United Kingdom[edit source | editbeta]
England and Wales[edit source | editbeta]
Main article: Qualified Teacher Status
In England and Wales teachers in the maintained sector must have gained Qualified Teacher Status
(QTS) and be registered with either the General Teaching Council for England or the General Teaching
Council for Wales. There are many paths in which a person can work towards gaining their QTS, the
most popular of which is to have completed a first degree (such as a BA or BSc) and then a Postgraduate
Certificate in Education (PGCE). Other methods include a specific teaching degree or on-the-job training
at a school. All qualified teachers in England must serve, after training, a statutory one year induction
period that must be passed in order to remain a registered teacher. In Wales this period lasts for two
years. During this period a teacher is known as an NQT (Newly Qualified Teacher). Schools are obliged toprovide guidance, support and training to facilitate the NQT's success during this year. Local education
authorities are also obliged to provide professional development opportunities.
Teachers in independent schools are not statutorily required to hold QTS, although independent schools
increasingly prefer teachers to hold this qualification unless they have already gained significant
teaching experience. The post-experience PGCE at the University of Buckingham is designed for
independent school teachers. Some specialist independent schools, such as those following Montessori
principles, require teachers trained in that specific educational philosophy.
The Teach First scheme, aimed at recent graduates, was introduced in 2003 in London and more
recently in Manchester and it allows trainees to teach in schools without the Postgraduate Certificate in
Education (PGCE). After an intense period of training in the summer following graduation, trainees are
placed in secondary schools. Following the successful completion of the first year, trainee teachers gain
QTS status and a PGCE and may then continue teaching for a minimum of one year.