Cells

Cells

Photosynthesis

Respiration

Cell Division

Molecular Genetics

Evolution & Classification

Cells

$100

Photosynthesis Respiration Cell Division

MolecularGenetics

Evolution & Classification

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Cells

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Storage, breakdown of waste products, hydrolysis of

macromolecules, enlargement of vacuole a major mechanism

of plant growth

Cells

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Function of the central vacuole

What is

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CellsWhat is DNA that is concentrated

around the nucleoid with no membrane separating it. This has a true nucleus bound by a

nuclear envelope

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Cells

Prokaryotic & eukaryotic

What is

$300

Cells

Used to take cells apart and separate organelles by size

and density?

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Cells

UltracentrifugesWhat is

$400

CellsWhat allows for

connection unify in cells and allows cytosol to pass

through?

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Cells

Connects chemical environment of adjacent

cells.

What is

$500

CellsFood vacuole fuels with plasma membrane. An active hydrolytic enzyme with digestive enzymes in it binds with the lysosome. The hydrolytic enzymes break

down the food.

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Cells

PhagocytosisWhat is

$100

6CO2 + 12H20 + light energy C6H12O6 +

6O2 + 6H20

Photosynthesis

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Chemical equation for photosynthesis

PhotosynthesisWhat is

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Most important to life, band from 380 nm-750 nm wavelength. Can be

detected by the human eye

Photosynthesis

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Visible light


$300

Uses Calvin cycle with an alternative mode of carbon

fixation. Has photosynthesis cells, the bundle-sheath and

mesophyll. First step carried out by enzyme PEP carboxylase.

Photosynthesis

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C4 plant


$400

3-phosphoglycerate receives a phosphate group from

ATP becoming 3-bisphosphoglycerate

electrons from NADPH reduces to G3P.

Photosynthesis

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Output is G3P


$500

Light enters & strikes pigments, excites P680 to high energy level. Electrons are

captured by primary acceptor. Water is split into a hydrogen and an oxygen atom. Electrons are sent down the ETC with APT begin lost. Electrons excite P700 and light

enters electrons captured by primary acceptor. Sent down ETC. NADP reductase

transfer electrons from FAD to NADP+ 2 electrons required to reduce NADPH

Photosynthesis

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Noncyclic Electron flow


$100

Process lose electrons oxidation and the

other gains electrons reactions

Respiration

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Redox reactions

RespirationWhat is

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Pyruvate is broken down, CO2 is loss NAD+ reduced to NAPH, Coenzyme A is added. What is being

made

Respiration

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Acetyl CoA

RespirationWhat is

$300

The precess glycolysis, the cyturic acid cycle, and

oxidative phosphorylation ETC and chemiosmosis are

located where?

Respiration

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In the Cytosol and mitochondrion

RespirationWhat is

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Energy is stored in form of hydrogen ion gradient across a membrane, used to drive the

synthesis of ATP

Respiration

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Chemiosmosis

RespirationWhat is

$500

These two things inhibit and stimulate

phosphofructokinase in Glycolysis

Respiration

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APT & Citrate inhibits

RespirationWhat is

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Haploid cells have this many chromosomes

while diploid cells have this many?

Cell Division

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N=23 2n=46

Cell DivisionWhat is

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Caused by independent assortment of chromosomes (meiosis),

gametes differ in their combinations of chromosomes

merited from parents. This process occurs in meiosis

prophase I?

Cell Division

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Crossing over


$300

Has complete set of haploid chromosomes composed of 2 sister chromatids. Cytokinesis occurs here, forming haploid daughter cells. Sometimes chromosomes condense & nuclear envelope reform.

Cell Division

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Telophase I in meiosis I


$400

This accounts for 90% of cell division. The cell at this stage

grows and copies chromosomes. G1, G2 and S phases all occur in

this cycle of mitosis

Cell Division

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Interphase


$500

Cell DivisionDuplicating DNA and getting proteins in the

interphase

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A cell prepares for cell division


$100

These bonds hold the adenine, thymine, guanine

and cytosine together which make up DNA

Molecular Genetics

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Hydrogen bonds

Molecular GeneticsWhat is

$200

Two strands of parental molecule separate and each

functions as template for synthesis of new

complementary strand, predicted by Watson & Crick

Molecular Genetics

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Semiconservative model


$300

When DNA is damaged the segment is cut out by nuclease

gap is filled with nucleotides properly paired nucleotides. DNA

polymerase and DNA ligase is used to repair & seal the new

DNA This process is?

Molecular Genetics

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Nucleotide excision repair


$400

Radio activity was used to follow protein and DNA. Bacteriophage-viruses infected bacteria. DNA

functions as genetic material. Who did this experiment?

Molecular Genetics

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Hershey & Chase

Molecular GeneticsWho is

$500

Can help protect organisms from cancer by limiting number of

divisions. Catalyzes lengthening of telomeres in cells, restores

original length compensates for shortening during DNA

replication

Molecular Genetics

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Somatic cells


$100

Most common technique based on decay of isotopes has a fixed rate of decay, has a half-life number of years, takes for 50% of

sample of decay

Evolution

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Radiometric dating

EvolutionWhat is

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Contains little O2, a lot of H2O, CH4, CO, CO2,

lighting, volcanic activity, UV, radiation

Evolution

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Primitive Earth

EvolutionWhat is

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These classifications contains korarchaeotes,

euryarchaeotes, crenarchaeoetes,

nanoarchaeotes. Which phylogeny is it?

Evolution

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Domain Archaea

EvolutionWhat is

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Symbiotic relationship(+,+)m (+,0), (+,-)

Evolution

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Mutualism, Commensalism,

Parasitism

EvolutionWhat is

$500

Plate movements brought the already separated

landmass together into a super continent Pangaea over millions of years, the land mass moved apart.

How did this happen?

Evolution

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Evolution

Continental driftWhat is

DoubleJeopardy!!!

Plant Systems

Animal Systems

Ecology

Labs

Biotechnology

Things we did not cover

Plant Systems

$200

AnimalSystems Ecology Labs Biotechnology

Things we didn’t cover

Doublel Jeopardy!

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This is what allows CO2 exchange to occur

between surrounding air and photosynthetic cells

inside leafs. In CAM plants are closed during the day

to reduce dehydration

Plant Systems

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Stomata

Plant SystemsWhat is

$400

Long distance transport occurs through this. Movement of fluid is driven by pressure.

Fluids flow through tracheids & vessels of the xylem &

phloem

Plant Systems

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Bulk flow


$600

Seeds germinate in branches of tall trees & send numerous roots to ground Snake-like roots wrap around host and

objects. Host tree dies eventually due to

strangulation & shearling

Plant Systems

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Strangling Aerial Roots


$800

Germinated grain on stigma of carpel, flow down ovary into embryo sac. Sperm & egg meet makes a zygote

2n that develops into an embryo (sporophyte). Seed develops from

ovule, fruit develops from ovary. The seed begin to germinate and

develops into a mature sporophyte (2n) with flowers

Plant Systems

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Angiosperm reproduction


$1000

Sugar moves into tubes where it reduces water potential

causes tube to take up water by osmosis. This generates positive pressure forces sap to flow along tubes, pressure relieved by removal of sugar

and water

Plant Systems

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Pressure flow


$200

Study of the interactions between

organism and environment

Ecology

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Ecology

EcologyWhat is

$400

This contributes to global distribution of organisms movements of individual

away from high population density or area of origin

Ecology

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Dispersal

EcologyWhat is

$600

Digger wasp use this technique to locate their nest. Fitness of organism is enhance by this.

Modification of behavior based on experience. Used for location nest, hazards,

food, and mates.

Ecology

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Spatial Learning

EcologyWhat is

$800

Starts out flat with low death rates from early to middle life and drops steeply as death rates increase in late life. Drops

sharply at first with high death rates with young, flattens out when death rates decline with

the individual that survive.

Ecology

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Curve I - III

EcologyWhat is

$1000

Located in mid-latitude coastal regions, precipitation seasonal, rainy winters,

long dry summers. Collected with shrubs, small trees, diversity of

grasses & herbs. Native animals are browsers, deer, goats, diversity of

amphibians, birds, & reptiles. Terrestrial Biomes

Ecology

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Chaparral

EcologyWhat is

$200

Constant internal milieu, steady state,

internal balance

Animal Systems

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Homeostasis

Animal SystemsWhat is

$400

Increased body temperature (exercising or hot environment) thermostat in hypothalamus activates cooling

mechanisms, sweat glands, secrete sweat that evaporates cooling body, blood vessels dilate filling with warm

blood, heat radiates from skin surface, body temperature decreases

Animal Systems

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Maintaining homeostasis


$600

During hormonal control of digestion there are inhibitors and stimulus. What

are they?

Animal Systems

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Inhibitor – enterogastroneStimulus – Gastrin, secretin,


$800

In small intestine this type of digestion goes from

polysaccharides then breaks down pancreatic amylases –

next maltose & other disaccharides.

Animal Systems

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Carbohydrate digestion


$1000

Reduces heat loss in endotherms, marine mammals & birds.

Circulatory adaptation, arrangement of blood vessels

Animal Systems

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Countercurrent heat exchange


$200

Topic or theme of lab, date is included on

this line

Labs

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Title

LabsWhat is

$400

This is the place you go to get the information on the lab & to write

up the pre-lab

Labs

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Lab handout instructions

LabsWhat is

$600

These should ALL be included in a lab

notebook write up

Labs

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Title, pre-lab, overview, personal account,

discussion, & conclusion

LabsWhat is

$800

These are ways that Mr. Bennett could

evaluate us on our labs?

Labs

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Lab notebook evaluation, lab report,

open lab book quiz

LabsWhat is

$1000

These are needed in your personal account section

of your lab notebook

Labs

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Description: of what you didHypothesis: independent & dependent variableData: tables, graphs, calculations

LabsWhat is

$200

Molecules separate nucleic acids or

proteins based on size, electrical charge & physical properties

Biotechnology

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Gel electrophoresis

Biotechnology What is

$400

This is a process. Restriction enzyme cuts sugar-phosphate

backbone. DNA fragment from a source is added, base

pair of DNA ends, causes various combinations DNA

ligase seals the deal

Biotechnology

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Recombinant DNA


$600

Matching of genes to traits is called

Biotechnology

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Mapping


$800

Coded material in cells that determines what

that cell & its successive cell will

become is

Biotechnology

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DNA


$1000

PCR can be used to identify an unknown bacterium

because

Biotechnology

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RNA primer is specific


$200

Results of gene duplication found 10 more than one copy

of same gene


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Paralogous genes

Things we didn’t coverWhat is

$400

Stranded or cylinders support young parts of plants. Thick primary

walls and lack secondary walls. Provide flexible

support


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Collenchyma cells


$600

Most commonly used vector for introducing new genes into plan cells. Integrates a segment of DNA into chromosomal DNA of

host cell


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Ti plasmid


$800

Called descriptive science, describes natural structures to process as accurately as

possible through careful obse4rvation and analysis of

data


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Discovery science


$1000

Hormone, opposes RAAS, atria of heart release ANF in response to

increase blood volume to pressure, inhibits release of

rennin and inhibits NaCl reabsorption of collecting ducts


Back $1000

Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)


FinalJeopardy!!!

Chromosomes are made up of this

Final Jeopardy!!!

Chromatin

Final Jeopardy!!!What is

Documents

Cells