Cell as Life Smallest Unit

8/20/2019 Cell as Life Smallest Unit

1/38

Cell as life smallest unit

By: Vita Mustika


2/38


3/38

How about this??

Amoeba sp.


4/38

nimal tissue !ell

"n nimal Bo#y


5/38

Cell as life smallest unit

• moeba is o$ganism unisellule$% si&eof !ell (' *m)

•

moeba !an #o it e+e$y fun!tion inli+ing% e,ample: $ep$o#u!tion #ang$owing

• nothe$ e,ample: ba!te$ia%Escherichia colli


6/38

• Cell of Allium cepa !an not #o ite+e$y fun!tion of li+ing

•

Allium cepa has many #i-e$ent !ell inbo#y as like as human an# animal.

• e+e$y !ell has #i-e$ent fun!tion.

•

,ample : epitel !ell% neu$on !ell


7/38

"nt$o#u!ing of !ell

History of cell

Cell prokaryotes

Cell eukaryotes

Cell chemical component

Structure and Function cell


8/38


9/38

• "obert Hook(1#$%&17'$)

• melihat !ambaransuatu sayatantipis !abus suatukompartemen

atau ruan!&ruan!disebut den!annama atincellulae (ruan!an

kecil)

• Asal mula namasel


10/38

• Anton an

eeuwenhoek(*ctober +,-1#$+ & Au!ust+#- 17+$)

• en!!unakanlensa&lensauntuk melihatbera!am

protista-spermato.oa-bakteri


11/38

• "obert /rown (177$&10%0 )

• ada tahun 10+'merancan! lensa yan!dapat lebih fokusuntuk men!amati sel

•

en!amati adanyaadanya titik buramyan! selalu ada padasel telur- sel polen- seldari 2arin!an an!!rek

yan! sedan! tumbuh• 3itik buram disebut

seba!ai nukleus


12/38

• atthias 4akobSchleiden

• ada tahun 10$0berpendapat

bahwa adahubun!an yan!erat antaranukleus dan

perkemban!an sel


13/38

3heodor Schwann (101'&100$)Sel adalah ba!ian dari

or!anisme


14/38

Cell /$oka$yotes

• /$oka$yotes #e$i+e#f$om the 0$eek wo$#ka$yon meaning

ke$nel (nu!leus)• p$oka$yotes means

1befo$e a nu!leus2

• 3hei$ 45 is not

o$gani&e into!h$omosomes

• ,: ba!te$ia


15/38

Cell /$oka$yotes

• Si&e of !ell $elati+e smallest ( ' %678*m)

• 45 in#i$e!tly $elate to !ytoplasma

• !ell boun#e# by plasma memb$ane%wall outsi#e !ell !omple,% pili%sometimes has 9agela


16/38

Cell euka$yotes

• oka$yotes means1with a nu!lues% o$t$ue nu!leus2

• 3he 45 is lo!ate# in!h$omosomes whi!ha$e in a nu!leusboun#e# by a #oublememb$ane !alle#the

nu!lea$ en+elope• ,: plant !ell an#

animal !ell


17/38

Cell euka$yotes

• Si&e of !ell usually big ( '878 *m)

• "nsi#e !ell has o$ganel pa$t in +e$y!omple, with o$ganel en+eloppe#

memb$ane an# o$ganel is noten+eloppe# memb$ane

• $ganel with en+elope memb$ane a$een#oplasmi! $eti!ulum% golgi appa$atus%

mito!hon#$ia• $ganel without en+elope memb$ane

a$e $ibosome%sent$iol% mi!$otubul


18/38

Cell !hemi!al !omponent

• Cell !ontain wate$% mine$al salt%p$oteins% lipi#s% nu!lei! a!i#s%!a$bohy#$ates.

• Chemi!al !omponent of !ell #i+i#e#into ;% the$e a$e:

• $gani! !omponent

• no$gani! !omponent


19/38

no$gani! !omponent

• Wate$

!onsist of Ca$bon ( C ) an# hy#$ogen( H )%

• Mine$al salt

Consist of


20/38

$gani! !omponent

• Ca$bohy#$ates

• /$oteins

• >ipi#s

• 5u!lei! a!i#


21/38

Ca$bohy#$ates

• Ca$bohy#$ates a$e !ompoun#s that!ontain !a$bon !ombine withhy#$ogen an# o,ygen. Ca$bohy#$ates

has monome$s a$e monosa!!ha$i#esan# polyme$s a$e polysa!!ha$i#es.

• monosa!!ha$i#es a$e simplest

!a$bohy#$ates (CH).


22/38

Monosa!!ha$i#es


23/38

4isa!!ha$i#es


24/38

• ,ample : 0ly!e$al#ehi#e% glu!ose%f$u!tose% $ibose% mannose% gala!tose

• 3wo monosa!!ha$i#es a$e !alle##isa!!ha$i#es.

• ,ample: su!$ose% maltose% la!tose

•

3wo o$e mo$e #isa!!ha$i#es a$e!alle# polysa!!ha$i#es.

• ,ample: suga$


25/38

/$oteins

• 3he mole!ula$ monome$s a$enit$ogen7 !ontaining mole!ulesknown as amino a!i#s

• "n p$otoplasma% p$oteins #i+i#e# intotwo !atego$y% the$e a$e: st$u!tu$alp$otein an# #inami! p$otein


26/38

St$u!tu$al p$otein

• St$u!tu$al p$otein is p$otoplasmast$u!tu$e !omponent in insi#e !ellan# outsi#e !ell

• ,ample insi#e !ell a$e tubulin inmi!$otubula% some p$oteins in plasmamemb$ane


27/38

4inami! p$otein

• 4inami! p$otein in to insi#e an#outsi#e metabolism !ell% ho$monalp$oteins

• ,ample: ti$osin% insulin%e$it$op$otein% anothe$ p$oteinswithout st$u!tu$e


28/38

>ipi#s

• 3hey ha+e two !ha$a!te$isti!:

8. 0ene$ally% hy#$ophobi!

;. !ontain a la$ge numbe$ of !a$bonhy#$ogens bon#s. So% $elease ala$ge$ amount of ene$gy in o,i#ationthan othe$ o$gani! !ompoun#s.


29/38

• >ipi#s usually in memb$ane plasma

• =un!tion of >ipi#s is foo# $ese$+e assou$!es ene$gy

• ,ample of lipi#s in p$otoplasma a$elipi#s a!i#% phospolipi#s% ste$oi#%glikolipi#s.


30/38

5u!lei! a!i#s

• 3he$e a$e two types of nu!lei! a!i#s:45 (#eo,y$ibonu!lei! a!i#) an# @5($ibosenu!lei! a!i#)

• 45 is the mole!ule in whi!h thegeneti! info$mation is sto$e#

• @5 se$+es as a t$anslato$ an#t$ansmitte$ of the geneti!info$mation.


31/38

S3@AC3A@ 54 =A5C3"5 C>>

• /lasma Memb$ane

• 5u!leus

• Cytoplasma


32/38

/lasma Memb$ane

• Contain of 6lipi#s an# 6p$oteins

• 3hey fun!tion isthe t$anspo$t ofsubstan!es intoan# out of

p$otoplasma


33/38

5u!leus

• =un!tion of nu!leusis the sto$einfo$mation geneti!


34/38

Cytoplasma

• =un!tion of

sitoplasma is liui#

in !ell


35/38


36/38

• $ganela sel yang te$#apat pa#asitoplasma a#alahD.

• a. $ibosom% mitokon#$ia% #an +akuola

• b. mitokon#$ia% memb$ane sel% #ansent$iol

•

!. intisel% #in#ing sel% #an +akuola• #. mitokon#$ia% nu!leus% #an selaput

plasma


37/38

• Sel bakte$i be$be#a #engan sel hewanka$enaD.

• a. ti#ak memiliki memb$ane inti #an

o$ganel yang kompleks• b. mempunyai #in#ing sel #an

memb$ane inti

• !. memiliki +akuola besa$ #an inti• #. ti#ak memiliki memb$ane inti #n

#in#ing sel


38/38

• /ehatikan table be$ikut ini :

• /e$nyatan yang sesuai tentang bagian sel#engan fungsinyaD.

• a. 8 #an B

• b. ; #an C

• !. #an

• #. E #an 4

Documents

Cell as Life Smallest Unit