Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
What are the main classes of lipids? Where are they found in the cell? Where did they come from?. LIPIDS hydrophobic or amphipathic small molecules. R ough endoplasmic reticulum (ER ). ribosome. mitochondrion. cell membrane. cytoplasm cytosol. lysosome. peroxisome. peroxisome. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
HO
H
H
HH
cholesterol (C)
O
O
HO
O
O Otriacylglyceride (TAG)a glycerol lipid (GL)
O
O
HOO O
N+P
-O
O
O a glycerophospholipid (GP)
cholesterol-fatty acid ester (CE)a sterol lipid (ST)
O
H
H
HH
O
R
HO
CETAG
HO
LIPIDS hydrophobic or amphipathic small molecules
HNHO O
N+P
-O
O
O
OHH
a sphingolipid (SP)
OHO
O ON+
P-O
O
O a plasmalogen (PM)a GP
1. What are the main classes of lipids?2. Where are they found in the cell?3. Where did they come from?
Lipids Classes
OH
O
polyunsaturated fatty acid (puFA)
OH
O
saturated fatty acid (FA)
Fatty acids• Free (toxic unless esterified)• Esterifed in glycerophospholipids,
sphingolipids, glycerol lipids and sterol lipids
monolayerPL, C
lipid droplet
peroxisome
mitochondrion
cytoplasmcytosol
ribosome Rough endoplasmicreticulum (ER)
cell membrane
peroxisome
Golgi complexfree ribosome
smoothendoplasmic
reticulum
lysosome
nucleus
HO
H
H
HH
cholesterol (C)
O
O
HO
O
O Otriacylglyceride (TAG)a glycerol lipid (GL)
O
O
HOO O
N+P
-O
O
O a glycerophospholipid (GP)
cholesterol-fatty acid ester (CE)a sterol lipid (ST)
O
H
H
HH
O
R
HO
CETAG
HO
LIPIDS hydrophobic or amphipathic small molecules
HNHO O
N+P
-O
O
O
OHH
a sphingolipid (SP)
peroxisome
OHO
O ON+
P-O
O
O a plasmalogen (PM)a GP
OH
O
polyunsaturated fatty acid (puFA)
OH
O
saturated fatty acid (FA)
Lipids Classes
Fatty acids• Free (toxic unless esterified)• Esterifed in glycerophospholipids,
sphingolipids, glycerol lipids and sterol lipids
peroxisome
mitochondrion
cytoplasmcytosol
ribosome Rough endoplasmicreticulum (ER)
cell membrane
peroxisome
Golgi complexfree ribosome
smoothendoplasmic
reticulum
lysosome
nucleus
1. What are the main classes of lipids?2. Where are they found in the cell?3. Where did they come from?
lipid droplet
In membranes
In cell membrane and lipid droplets
In lipid droplets
LIPIDS
peroxisome
CEGL
HO
HO
OH
OH
OH
importCirculatingLipoprotein
• LDL from liver• Chylomicrons
from intestines
not to scale
Circulating FA (grey spacefill) importedfrom adipoctyes bound to protein: serum albumin;FA to mitochondria foroxidation/ATP prod.
not to scale
FA
IMPORT/EXPORT
C, GP
peroxisome
mitochondrion
cytoplasmcytosol
ribosome Rough endo. reticulum
cell membrane
peroxisome
Golgi complexfree ribosome
smoothendoplasmic
reticulum
lysosome nucleus
1. What are the main classes of lipids ?2. Where are they found in the cell?3. Where did they come from? Import /Export and Synthesis/Trafficking
lipoprotein
FAExported FA from fat cells (adipocyte)
bind to serum albuminfor transport to tissue
CEGL
HO
HO
OH
OH
OH
lipoprotein
Circulating Lipoprotein• VLDL exported from liver
(synthesized) lipids• Chylomicrons exported from
intestines (ingested lipids)
not to scale
lipoprotein
FA
lipid droplet
mitochondrion
cytoplasmcytosol
ribosome Rough endo. reticulum
cell membrane
peroxisome
Golgi complex
smoothendoplasmic
reticulum
lysosome
lipid droplet
LIPIDS 1. What are the main classes of lipids?2. Where are they found in the cell?3. Where did they come from? Import and Synthesis/Trafficking
OH
O
saturated fatty acid (FA) 16:0
HO
H
H
HH
cholesterol (C)
O
O
HOO O
N+P
-O
O
O
a glycerophospholipid (GP)
HNHO O
N+P
-O
O
O
OHH
a sphingolipid (SL)
OHO
O ON+
P-O
O
O a plasmalogen (PM)
HO
O
O
HO
O
O Otriacylglyceride (TAG) a glycerol lipid (GL)
OH
O
polyunsaturated fatty acid (puFA)
cholesterol-fatty acid ester (CE)a sterol lipid (ST)
O
H
H
HH
O
R
GPGL
ST C
FA
PM
GPPM SP2
SP
GP1
GP1Cardiolipin and phosphatidyl glycerol (2 lipids also found in bacteria, are made in the mitochondrion
ER (smooth)main site oflipid synthesis
SP2 Ceramide, a precursor of SP, is made in mitochondria.
C Golgi: sorts lipids
synthesized in cytoplasmMostly in liver, mammary tissue
FA
elongation
elongation,desaturation
FA
FA
elongation
CE
ST
GP
PM
GL
C
