LA MATERIACLASSIFYING MATTER

CCNN 2º ESOFQ 3º ESO

María Ginés

VOCABULARY

STATE CHANGES CLASSIFYING MATTER

SEPARATING METHODS

Vaporization Evaporation Boiling (also called

ebullition) Condensation Boiling point  Freezing Melting Melting point Sublimation Deposition

Pure substance Mixture Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture Compound Simple substance Sieving Magnetization Filtering Decanting Crystallization Distillation

MATERIAAquello que tiene masa y ocupa un

espacio

• No permiten identificarlas

• No se pueden medir

PROPIEDADES CUALITATIVAS

PROPIEDADES CUANTITATIVAS o MAGNITUDES FÍSICAS

DERIVADAS

FUNDAMENTALES

Dependen de tras: velocidad (m/s)Densidad (kg/m3)

No dependen de otras:• Longitud (m)• Masa (kg)• Tiempo (s)• Temperatura (K)

GENERALES ESPECÍFICAS

No identifican la sustancia:Temperatura/masa/volumen/Superficie (etc.)

Sí la identifican: densidad/ PF / PE/

MEDIR

Comparar con un patrón

DIRECTA INDIRECTA

Con un instrumento: longitud/tiempo/Velocidad/etc.

A partir de una fórmula: volumen/superficie

es

presenta

se puedenpueden

ser

de forma

es

STATES OF MATTERKINETIC THEORY

• Matter is made up of tiny particles

• Each particle is in constant motion

SOLIDLIQUIDGAS

are explained by

condensation

meltingvaporization

freezing

sublimation

deposition

Estados Físicos

Characteristics of states physics

STATE CHANGE GRAPH

VOCABULARY: STATE CHANGES

Vaporization: is the state change from liquid to gas.

Evaporation: is the state change from liquid to gas. It happens at room temperature and only on the surface of the liquid. The rate of evaporation increases when the temperature increases.

Boiling (also called ebullition): is the state change from liquid to gas at a constant temperature. All the liquid changes state and while it happens, the temperature doesn’t change.

Condensation: is the state change from gas to liquid.

Boiling point: is the temperature at which a liquid boils. It is different for each substance.

Boiling point = Condensing point

Freezing: Is the state change from liquid to solid.

Melting: Is the state change from solid to liquid.

Melting point: Is the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid. It is different for each substance.

Melting point = Freezing point

Sublimation: Is the transition from solid to gas.

Deposition: Is the state change from gas to solid.

VOCABULARY: STATE CHANGES

MATTER

MIXTURES

COMPOUNDS

PURES SUBSTANCES

SIMPLE SUBSTANCES

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES

HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES

• Are made up by two or more substances at not fixed proportions

• They can be separated by physical methods

A sample of matter that consists of only one component.

• They have uniform composition

and propertiesthroughout• We cannot

see their components with a naked eye

• They do not have uniform composition and properties throughout

• We can see their components

• They are made up by two or more elements combined in a fixed proportion

• The properties of a compound are completely different that their elements.

• We can break down by chemical means

• They are made up by atoms of the same element

• We cannot break down in any way

SEPARATING MIXTURES: SIEVING

ggravelsand

cayclay

SEPARATING MIXTURES: MAGNETIZATION

magnet

iron

salt

SEPARATING MIXTURES: FILTERING

sand

filter paperfunnel

water

SEPARATING MIXTURES: DECANTING

decanting funnel

rwater

oil

water

SEPARATING MIXTURES: CRYSTALLIZATION

concentration filtering cristallization

SEPARATING MIXTURES: DISTILLATION

colectortermometer

water

colector

distilled

Erlenmeyer flask

Cold water

distillation flask

Sieving: Consists of separating larger pieces of something from smaller pieces.

Magnetization: separating a substance, like iron, using a magnet.

Filtering: method of separation that is used for separating insoluble solids from liquids.

Decanting: consists of separating two immiscible liquids of different densities.

Crystallization: Process that consists of obtain a solid dissolved in a liquid by evaporation of liquid.

Distillation: is a method of separating substances based on differences in their boiling points. This method is used to separate a liquid from the solution. The other components can be solids or liquids.

VOCABULARY: SEPARATING METHODS

SUMMARY