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CCI Primer 2011
Key Facts About Early Care and Education in
New York City
Goals for Today
• Provide a Picture of Early Care and Education–Who uses it? – How is it funded?
• Identify Key Trends
Early Care and Education as Vital Economic Sector in NYC
• Over 10,000 small businesses• Over 45,000 workers• 313,000 parents able to work,
earn $13.4 billion• $1 spent produces $1.89 for NY
economy
Source: Investing in Early Care and Education, CCI - 2004
Our Terminology
• TANF Child Care: Families receiving TANF benefits, including Transitional Child Care
• ACS Child Care: Other low-income working families
Some Trends
• Stagnating public investment• Increased expectation for
quality• Reduced access for low-
income working families• Shortage of care for infants & toddlers persists
Early Care & Education: Who’s in Charge?
• Lingering question - no simple answer
• At least eight (8) public agencies have a role in city, state & federal
Publicly Funded Early Care and Education
FUNDING SITE/PROVIDERSELIGIBIL
ITYHOURS/YEAR
PARENTS FEES
Child Care/TANF
Early Childhood CentersGroup Family/Family Child CareLicense-Exempt Care
Income-Based
Up to 10 Hours Year round
Sliding Scale
Early Head Start
Early Childhood CentersGroup Family/Family Child CareHome-Based
100% of FPL
Varied Hours/10 -12 Months
None
Head Start Primarily Early Childhood Centers
100% of FPL
Varied Hours/10 -12 Months
None
Pre-K/UPK Early Childhood CentersSome Group Family/Family Child CarePublic SchoolsPrivate/Parochial Schools
Open to All 4-Year Olds
2.5 to 6 Hours10 months
None
Pre-K
Public Schools
Private/Parochial Schools
Family & Group
Family Child Care
Early Childhood Centers
Head Start
Other Trends
• More reliance on blended funding
• New vision for City’s contracted services – EarlyLearn NYC
• Increased attention to coordination & system-building at all levels of government
Children under 6 in Regulated Publicly-Funded Settings
ACS 34%
DOE 63%
Other 3%
ACS: 72,152 children
DOE: 128, 550 children
Other: 6,454 children
Children under 6 Enrolled in Regulated Early Care & Education, 2011
TANF Enrollment Continues to Increase
Almost 9,000 more TANF9,000 fewer ACS children
TOTAL - 98,158 children 102,521 children 98,056 children
TANF Decreased Use of License-Exempt Care
2003 2007 2011 2003 2007 2011ACS TANF
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000 Enrollment License-Exempt Care, 2003-2011
2003
84%
2011
53%
Contracted System Continues to Shrink
ACS Contract Capacity ↓ 13,000 children from 2003
Children Enrolled in Subsidized Care, Contracts & Vouchers, 2011
ACS18,042
TANF 49,571
ACS 30,442
VOUCHERS69%
CONTRACTS31%
Shifts in Ages of Children in Subsidized Care
24%
43%
33%
TRENDS 2003-11
TANF Preschoolers
↑23%
ACS School-age ↓43%
Access to Child Care
-
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000 88,237
7,236 2,454
0-135% FPL: 90%<$25,000135-200% FPL: 7%<$37,000200-275% FPL: 3%<$59,500
Nu
mb
er
of
Ch
ildre
n
ACS & TANF Children Enrolled by Poverty Level
Shortage of Infant and Toddler Care
Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan QueensStaten Island0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
CenterGroup Family Child Care
Capacity to Serve Children Under 3
1:6 1:10 1:9 1:12 1:12
Growth of Group Family Child Care
Regulated Capacity in Family and Group Family Child Care for Year-Round, Full-Day Services, 2007-2011
Group Family Child Care:
+62%
Family Child Care: -10%
FAMILY CHILD CARE PROVIDERS
GFCC 4,679
FCC 3,161
Half Day 7,519
Half Day 34,658
Full Day 1,024
Full Day 14,856
Total UPK Enrollment, 2011: 58,057 children (4 year olds)
Public Schools
CBOs
Pre-K: Modest Expansion Since 2007
Full-day more available in public schools
Child Care60%
Head Start18%
UPK 21%
Other 1% Child Care: $852 million
Head Start: $261 mil-lionUPK: $300 millionOther: $18 million
Public Funding, FY 2011 (in $000s)
$1.4 billion in funding
Public Funding for Early Care and Learning, Fiscal Year 2011 ($000s)
Overall FundingCity, State, Federal Contribution
Overall Funding
Federal 57%
State* 19%
City 23%* Primarily UPK
Expenditures for TANF-Eligible Children Grows
2003 2007 2010 $-
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
Total Investment - $643 M
Total Investment - $787 M
Total Investment - $862 M
ACS & TANF Child Care Funding, 2003-2010
ACS TANF
Average Expenditures per Child Increases
2000 2003 2006 2009 2010 $-
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
Average Expenditures per Child, ACS & TANF, 2000-2010
ACS TANF
Pre-K Funding Increases
2005 2007 2011 $-
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
Total Investment - $204 M
Total Investment - $252 M
Total Investment - $300 M
Universal Prekindergarten Budgeted Expenses, 2005-11 (in $000s)
City State Federal
High Cost of CareComparison with College
Parent Fees Increase
PERCENT OF PROVERTY 100% 133% 175% 200%
Family Income $18,530
$24,645 $32,428
$37,060
Annual Co-Pay $780 $2,132 $4,836 $6,240
Percent of Family Income
4% 9% 15% 17%
Tripled fees for lowest income families
City backs away from capping fees at 10% of family income
City’s Maze of Early Childhood Services: Confusing for Families
Quality Matters
• City promoting program assessment standards across settings
• QRIS implementation moves forward with New York State.
Teacher Salaries Stagnant
Specialized Services
• Referrals Early Invention - 21,942
• Preschool Special Education Classrooms - 8,140
• Families Enrolled in Home Visiting - 5,146
Vision
• Early Learn Vision: More Unified Coherent System
• Birth to Third Grade Continuum• Focus on School Readiness• Comprehensive Service• More Blended Funding• Highly-Qualified Effective Teachers
For More Information
Visit our website – www.centerforchildrensinitiatives.org Contact: Betty Holcomb – [email protected]
