Catalyst Poisons New

CATALYST POISONS

CATALYST AND POISONCATALYST: A substance which does not take part in a reaction, but influences the rate of desirable reactions.Eg., Nickel-Molybdenum POISON:A Substance, either in the reactant stream or that produced by the reaction, which lowers the activity of the catalyst.Eg., Carbon, Steam, Sodium etc.

CATALYST A Catalyst accelerates reaction by providing alternate paths to products.The activation energy of each catalytic step is less than that for the non catalytic reaction.In the reaction cycle, active centers of catalyst first combine with at least one reactant and then are reproduced with the appearance of product.The freed center then recombines with reactant to produce another cycle and so on.Comparatively small quantities of catalytic centers are required to produce large amounts of product.Equilibrium conversion is not altered by a catalyst.A catalyst can radically alter selectivity.

CATALYSTS USED IN REFINERYSilica-Alumina in Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCC)Nickel-Molybdenum in Diesel Hydrodesulphurization Unit (DHDS) and Naphtha Hydro treating Unit (NHT).Platinum in Continuous Catalytic Regeneration Unit (CCR).Titanium and Alumina in Sulphur Recovery Unit (SRU).

POISONA substance that appreciably diminishes the catalytic reaction rate is called a Poison.A poison can be either in the reactant stream or produced by the reaction.A Poison lowers the activity of the catalyst.Poisoning can be due to chemisorption or due to physical deposition active sites of catalyst.Eg., Nitrogen compounds are chemisorbed on FCC Catalyst and Coke causes deactivation by deposition.

POISONS FOR CATALYSTS USED IN REFINERY PROCESSES

TYPES OF POISONSDeposited Poisons: Carbon deposition on catalysts used in Refinery Processes.Eg., Carbon (Coke) deposition on FCC Catalyst.This type of Poison can be removed by regeneration of the catalyst.Regeneration can be accomplished by burning carbon to CO and CO2 with air and/or steam.

TYPES OF POISONS Chemisorbed Poisons: Compounds of Sulphur and other materials are chemisorbed on Nickel, Copper and Platinum Catalysts.The poison covers the active sites of the catalyst, which would otherwise adsorb reactant molecules.The activity of catalyst will be regained when the poison is removed from the reactants.If the adsorbed material is tightly held by the active sites of catalyst, the poisoning is permanent.

TYPES OF POISONSSelectivity Poisons: Some materials in the reactants will adsorb on the surface of the catalyst and then catalyze other undesirable reactions.Eg., Small amounts of Nickel and Vanadium in FCC feed will get deposited on the catalyst and act as dehydrogenation catalysts.This results in increased yields of Hydrogen and coke and lower the yield of Gasoline.This type of poisons cause permanent loss of catalyst activity.

TYPES OF POISONSStability Poisons: Water vapor present in SO2-Air mixture supplied to a Platinum-Alumina Catalyst, will decrease the oxidation activity of the catalyst.This type of poisoning is due to the effect of water on the structure of Alumina carrier.Temperature has a pronounced effect on stability poisoning.Sintering and localized melting may occur as the temperature is increased ,which changes the catalyst structure.

TYPES OF POISONSDiffusion Poisons: Blocking the pores of catalyst prevents the diffusion of reactants into the inner surface.Entrained solids in the reactants or fluids which can react with the catalyst to form a solid residue can cause this type of poisoning.Eg., Carbon deposition on FCC Catalyst

FCC REACTOR-REGENERATOR SECTIONFEED

FCCFCC is a secondary processing unit.Cracks Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil to more valuable products.Uses Si-Al catalyst in the form of fine powder(70 microns). Catalyst is continuously circulated in the unit @30-40 MT/min.Residence time of feed in Riser is 1.5-2 sec.

COMPONENTS OF FCC CATALYSTZEOLITE-Primary Catalytic Component for selective cracking.MATRIX-Forms the continuum that holds together the Zeolite crystals.FILLER-A clay incorporated into the catalyst to dilute its activity.BINDER-Serves as a glue to hold the Zeolite,Matrix and Filler together.

FCC CATALYST COMPONENTS

ZEOLITE STRUCTURE

ACTIVE SITES OF ZEOLITE

TYPES OF POISONS OF FCC CATALYSTPoisons which damage FCC Catalyst can be divided into the following categories.Poisons which damage or weaken the catalyst structure.Eg., SodiumPoisons which block acid sites.Eg., Coke, NitrogenPoisons which catalyze undesirable reactions.Eg., Nickel, Vanadium

STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE CATALYSTStructural changes can occur in both Zeolite and matrix.Changes take place when catalyst is exposed to high temperatures(>750degC) and water. This is called hydrothermal deactivation.Two stage Regeneration eliminates this problem, as most of the water is removed in the first stage Regenerator, where the temperature is < 700 degC.The presence of contaminants like Sodium, Vanadium aggravates the harmful effect on the stability of Zeolite.

DEACTIVATION DUE TO COKECoke formed during cracking blocks the active sites and pores of the catalyst.Coke formed in FCC can have the following origins:Catalytic Coke: Coke produced from cracking reactions that occur at the active sites of Zeolite and matrix.Contaminant Coke: Coke produced by heavy metals (Cu, Ni, V, Fe) deposited on the catalyst.Occluded Coke: Coke resulting from the carry over of hydrocarbons in the catalyst pores.Feed Residue Coke: Coke contributed by carbon residue in the feed.

CATALYST POISONSNITROGENSODIUMNICKELVANADIUM

NITROGENOrganic Nitrogen compounds in FCC feed are the source of Nitrogen. The source and Sp. Gravity range of Crude influence the amount of Nitrogen in FCC feed.Basic Nitrogen is 25-30% of total Nitrogen in feed.Basic nitrogen reacts with the active acidic sites of FCC Catalyst.It results in temporary loss of catalyst activity.Nitrogen which blocks the active sites is burnt in Regenerator.Burning of Nitrogen in Regenerator restores the activity of catalyst.

NITROGENApprox.300 ppm increase in Basic Nitrogen results in loss of 1 vol% conversion.Nitrogen content in FCC feed can be reduced bySelecting crudes with low Nitrogen contentHydro treating FCC feedIncreasing the Zeolite content and active Matrix of FCC Catalyst.FCC Feed Nitrogen is monitored regularly.

SODIUMSodium causes permanent deactivation of catalyst by neutralizing its acid sites.Sodium is used in the manufacture of FCC Catalyst.Other sources of Sodium areA) Inadequate Desalter operation in CDU.B) Addition of Caustic downstream of Desalter.C) Processing of refinery slop.D) Purchased FCC feedE) Use of Steam that contains sodium.The adverse effects of Sodium are the same regardless of its origin.

SODIUMSodium is detrimental to Zeolite stability and its activity.It decreases the hydrothermal stability of catalyst.It forms an eutectic with Catalyst, which fuses at Regenerator conditions .Increase in Sodium content reduces the RON of FCC Gasoline.Sodium causes a permanent loss in Catalyst activity.Sodium in FCC feed is monitored regularly.Sodium in E cat (Na2O) is monitored to know the sodium contamination due to Catalyst.

NICKELNickel is a permanent Poison for FCC CatalystDeactivates mild acid sites of Matrix and the stronger sites on the zeolite exterior surface.Promotes dehydrogenation reactions.Results in High yields of hydrogen and Coke.Nickel is present in heavier FCC feed.The detrimental effects of Nickel can be reduced byA) Increasing the metal tolerance of FCC Catalyst.B) Using Nickel PassivatorC) Using flushing catalyst with low metals.

VANADIUMVanadium is a permanent poison for FCC Catalyst.It is present in heavier FCC feed.It gets deposited on Catalyst during Cracking.It results in loss of Surface Area and activity.Vanadium on Catalyst promotes dehydrogenation reactions.This results in high yields of Hydrogen and coke.The detrimental effects of Vanadium can be reduced by:A) Using Catalyst with high Vanadium tolerance.B) Using Vanadium Passivator.C) Using flushing Catalyst with low metals.

FCC E CATALYST METALS

NICKEL & VANADIUM IN FCC E CATALYST

Chart1

20145826

4002140021

20656015

19635893

19226004

17755705

17505597

18195758

18115740

18215657

17525745

20305818

19906295

21686756

19206511

17996432

20176820

20706732

9823058

21647107

21717178

24587768

22137428

25628112

25348878

26258281

32089258

35069717

31909144

29418738

28528632

25288412

24768328

25668409

25848681

24058258

26428893

26438902

24028135

27249114

26719132

23988565

25008812

25218569

24888546

301210757

25819310

27169986

27799813

26629469

25959199

24268845

19878727

25399730

25849836

25139977

274310311

304610824

24459912

307811014

280610578

321311048

322211120

285410562

278210670

269210665

268910650

291311074

300911080

314211062

289010716

297810497

292510273

24258925

293010002

26059331

26509636

25468305

26098775

27068842

26488826

25598482

25568413

25328382

27017478

27259600

24848880

28849717

30979726

26529154

27259211

24355848

24096088

28608959

27948421

28248266

29598445

28998117

29328306

30948551

28607933

25046977

26777230

25046815

25536242

23955714

22615493

23245562

24425882

22736018

25046391

18184441

18424531

26106328

27416427

24906128

26086194

26426040

25465688

23505264

21435138

20495050

19294621

17234210

15713998

17474100

17734153

15633817

13743289

14013303

13893268

15133641

14863558

695948

NICKEL

VANADIUM

Date

Nickel in E Cat,ppm

Vanadium in E Cat,ppm

General

Data

FCC EQUILIBRIUM CATALYST

ANALYTICAL DATA REPORT

DateId#DateFACTFCFFGF0-200-400-450-80APSSAMSAABDEAICCuNiVFeNaTiAl2O3ReOCaKMgPSbZNUCS

TakenReceivedwt%wt/wtVOLwt%wt%wt%wt%m/gm/gg/ccwt%wt%ppmppmppmwt%wt%wt%wt%wt%ppmppmwt%wt%ppmwt%

30-Jul-0915211-Aug-09010155873113400.820.940.0225201458260.500.370.6447.63.306887140.100.0428924.29

27-Jul-0915111-Aug-09010166171113400.801.040.0224.29

23-Jul-091505-Aug-0906115675111390.820.910.0125206560150.500.330.6447.83.296496700.090.0428824.30

20-Jul-091495-Aug-09701.680.9507125874110390.820.990.0225196358930.500.330.6547.73.326456730.090.0523124.30

16-Jul-091475-Aug-09701.471.0007136470113410.820.980.0025192260040.490.330.6448.13.206586700.100.0418924.29

13-Jul-091485-Aug-09711.521.0206105576109390.840.800.0125177557050.500.330.6548.13.286336550.100.0416424.30

9-Jul-091454-Aug-09721.620.9907115476112390.860.930.0625175055970.490.320.6447.73.176186490.100.0426024.29

6-Jul-091464-Aug-09711.570.9506105278114410.840.880.0125181957580.500.320.6447.73.276396410.100.0413924.23

3-Jul-0914310-Jul-09701.471.0106105278114410.820.990.0325181157400.480.310.6447.23.146656620.080.0530324.31

3-Jul-0914410-Jul-09701.461.0108135774112410.831.030.0325182156570.480.300.6347.53.166586290.090.0425124.29

26-Jun-091426-Jul-09711.571.010485477109390.841.100.0525175257450.490.300.6447.23.116426020.080.0522124.27

21-Jun-091416-Jul-09711.631.000485080106370.901.060.0825203058180.500.310.6944.92.996996120.380.0915124.32

19-Jun-0914029-Jun-09681.621.060485378105390.840.810.0225199062950.500.310.6546.83.016136060.110.0528024.32

15-Jun-0913929-Jun-09681.591.0707126271103390.830.860.0325216867560.480.320.6547.32.938586120.100.0530124.29

12-Jun-0913822-Jun-09671.591.01059508099380.850.860.0425192065110.490.380.6646.92.975996440.090.0517524.36

8-Jun-0913722-Jun-09681.731.000610547799370.850.890.0325179964320.490.330.6647.03.035906100.090.0615824.32

4-Jun-0913615-Jun-09691.591.0308136072102380.840.880.0825201768200.490.330.6747.12.955776160.090.0620424.26

31-May-091359-Jun-09681.561.03059527994360.860.940.0424207067320.480.300.6948.12.654875410.050.0720324.34

25-May-091349-Jun-09782.461.5307115080145660.881.000.052798230580.400.260.7046.21.743254150.030.999124.84

21-May-091338-Jun-09691.550.990510537896360.850.920.0025216471070.520.340.6646.42.945766150.120.0625424.30

18-May-091328-Jun-09681.571.03049557689330.850.900.0025217171780.530.340.6646.02.955716230.090.0624724.28

14-May-0913122-May-09681.8510611567489320.860.910.025245877680.670.340.6646.302.856286100.120.0635724.27

11-May-0913022-May-09681.841.000711547691340.860.990.0125221374280.560.340.6746.12.906236090.090.0628224.30

4/9/091184/20/09661.771.01059527891340.830.62025256281120.50.370.6846.12.835356020.080.061940.124.27

4/6/091194/20/09642.231.010610547779340.820.95025253488780.450.350.7482.494585300.110.064100.0624.25

4/2/091164/13/09641.841.04035408987310.820.940.0125262582810.510.390.68462.765316070.090.061820.1124.31

3/30/091174/13/09652.340.97035418782290.820.870.0825320892580.510.390.6645.82.885636230.120.062550.1224.26

3/26/091154/3/09612.551.01047488285290.820.930.0125350697170.50.380.6645.92.785516370.070.063860.1224.28

3/23/091144/3/09632.291.02048498188300.820.80.0125319091440.50.380.6745.72.835606260.070.063500.1524.23

3/19/091133/25/09642.241.04048517986300.80.710.0225294187380.50.370.6746.12.85746200.110.063920.1324.28

3/16/091123/25/09642.231.030611557689310.810.74025285286320.50.370.6746.12.96226200.070.063950.1224.29

3/13/091113/23/09631.971.05037468390310.830.940.0253252884120.490.370.6745.82.875766310.090.063860.1224.28

3/9/091103/23/09641.921.03048547790310.80.950.0125247683280.490.370.67462.885736310.090.064000.1224.29

3/5/091093/17/09652.291.040510557691320.80.96025256684090.50.380.6846.12.86686310.130.064130.1324.3

3/2/091073/6/09652.281.04037448591320.820.85025258486810.490.350.6946.22.85676170.080.073960.1524.31

3/1/091063/6/09672.291.02059547790320.821.08025240582580.490.360.6946.22.825866100.090.073710.1424.27

2/12/091032/23/09632.41.050510567587320.820.89025264288930.480.350.746.42.685885900.110.074130.1624.25

2/9/091022/23/09641.821.07024389189320.810.9025264389020.490.360.7246.52.695946280.090.075060.1724.26

2/8/091053/4/09672.161.03059537890320.840.860.0225240281350.490.330.6946.22.715386030.090.083510.1424.27

2/5/091012/17/09632.391.04037498182310.81.22025272491140.470.340.7146.82.765815810.090.074750.1624.35

2/2/091002/17/09642.191.01048517984320.811.09025267191320.470.350.71472.675695940.10.074980.1824.28

1/29/09982/6/09632.470.99059527982330.80.880.0125239885650.470.360.7146.92.715525540.160.074720.1824.31

1/27/09992/6/09652.131.01048498186340.791.010.0225250088120.460.390.747.12.716325710.10.074560.1824.42

1/22/09971/30/09652.471.020712607283340.820.63025252185690.460.360.7247.72.545325630.10.083920.1524.36

1/19/09961/30/09652.070.97059537881340.840.71025248885460.440.360.748.12.495095220.150.074290.124.33

1/12/09931/21/09603.440.86047478364360.830.840.01253012107570.390.390.68502.064744360.140.075510.0224.28

12/29/08921/21/09553.190.910510547758400.870.70.0125258193100.370.390.750.71.533533160.160.094010.0224.38

12/25/089112/31/08593.570.98036418866400.850.720.0525271699860.360.370.6751.81.692423090.080.074490.0224.44

12/22/089012/31/08593.220.93048458569440.850.880.0525277998130.350.370.6751.91.532152760.090.084340.0224.38

12/18/088812/26/08573.040.93036418966430.820.750.0125266294690.350.390.6751.91.461962550.10.074320.0224.24

12/15/088912/26/08582.981.020610547757390.880.70.0325259591990.340.390.67521.482112510.110.084020.0224.3

12/11/088712/22/08543.790.880012210854390.830.720.0125242688450.340.370.6850.91.512102510.130.093850.0224.25

12/8/088612/22/08485.441.12035408834300.860.790.0325198787270.380.380.6950.91.523323290.140.14260.0224.26

12/4/088512/15/08612.830.97048508082450.850.660.0425253997300.350.380.7149.91.573253130.150.114150.0224.33

12/1/088412/15/08612.91.03025379283440.870.690.0225258498360.350.360.7448.91.643533170.190.133990.0224.28

11/27/088212/8/08712.250.8025408994480.860.70.0325251399770.350.360.7448.91.643363080.160.134210.0224.26

11/24/088312/8/08732.140.74048508078410.830.640.03252743103110.330.360.7548.31.683412940.160.144320.0224.28

11/20/088111/26/08593.260.98059547682420.820.870.03253046108240.330.340.7847.51.763572940.180.154490.0224.22

11/17/088011/26/08612.950.99023329684410.820.910.0225244599120.320.340.7747.81.733512930.160.163720.0224.27

11/13/087911/20/08603.151059508074350.860.940.01253078110140.310.330.8246.31.843632670.190.174780.0224.26

11/10/087811/20/08602.871.04012379178340.880.830.01252806105780.310.310.8445.31.823732670.20.24480.0324.24

11/6/087611/13/08602.671.07059537776330.860.70253213110480.320.320.8545.11.833882700.230.24480.0324.27

11/3/087711/13/08622.311.05059508073320.870.910.01253222111200.330.370.8544.91.834153770.230.24990.0324.33

10/30/087411/10/08612.661.030610517975340.850.840.03252854105620.330.320.8545.11.84492940.230.214480.0424.28

10/27/087511/10/08612.661.07059508073320.860.440.06252782106700.340.330.8544.91.784163110.250.214430.0424.26

10/23/087310/31/08602.831.04047468473330.860.60.02252692106650.340.320.8644.91.794223240.260.24730.0424.27

10/20/087210/31/08602.371.08035418876340.870.660252689106500.360.330.8544.91.774393210.270.24710.0524.24

10/16/087010/24/08602.791.05047468477330.850.640.01252913110740.380.320.8644.51.794853510.340.185340.0624.3

10/13/087110/24/08593.131.050610547673320.870.680.01253009110800.370.310.8644.21.824743560.330.25880.0624.28

10/8/086910/16/08593.151.07047508075320.880.710.01253142110620.390.310.8644.51.834983620.390.176060.0724.28

10/6/086810/16/08593.121.020611597376330.830.820252890107160.380.320.8644.41.85373610.360.185080.0624.29

10/1/086710/14/08592.731.080510498176330.870.910252978104970.370.310.8245.51.753813200.350.195420.0824.29

9/29/086610/14/08592.761.03036438682350.850.80252925102730.380.30.8245.61.743853270.370.185710.0824.28

9/25/086410/2/08612.851.09013299886350.910.560.2425242589250.390.290.8144.41.693873860.330.224440.0824.27

9/22/086510/2/08603.011.02059527880350.840.640.01252930100020.390.30.8245.11.753953540.370.195370.0924.27

9/18/08639/29/08593.081.04048478278340.890.760.0925260593310.430.30.8643.61.745304310.450.25970.0924.28

9/15/08629/29/08602.981.08037448578330.890.750.0525265096360.420.310.8543.91.725604640.40.25320.0824.26

9/11/08619/18/08622.761.14013428686360.880.530.0125254683050.480.290.8342.61.556005300.60.25350.1224.26

9/8/08609/18/08612.761.08014418684350.860.550.0128260987750.470.290.8442.81.575875080.540.25370.1124.3

9/4/08599/10/08622.571.010510527890390.840.74-0.0125270688420.490.290.8342.71.626165290.590.195650.124.27

9/1/08589/10/08612.941.180122510192370.860.720.0154264888260.470.290.8242.71.595605150.470.225550.1124.27

8/28/08579/5/08583.021.16059508083360.880.750.1237255984820.530.30.8341.71.446155880.650.25910.1124.34

8/25/08569/5/08602.51.17048517985380.880.790.0751255684130.530.290.8142.31.466526050.650.26070.1124.29

8/18/08529/3/08612.51.15059537885360.870.70.0625253283820.530.310.8441.31.45775860.720.226510.1224.28

8/18/08549/3/08592.581.16013339496350.890.690.0125270174780.540.340.8440.21.465575270.790.265950.2224.29

8/18/08559/3/08543.381.22036428768290.880.74025272596000.530.330.8540.51.345455770.740.238290.1324.29

8/14/08539/3/08573.191.19035359475300.90.650.0325248488800.540.320.8540.51.365865730.720.227100.1324.26

8/7/08518/18/08503.441.21024359271290.860.680.0125288497170.540.320.8740.31.465995520.820.218930.1524.29

8/4/08508/18/08533.41.11025369273290.880.70.0125309797260.540.330.8438.81.48185750.810.28800.1524.28

7/31/08498/11/08563.271.230242910079300.910.60.0125265291540.550.330.8840.21.365925880.720.216580.1424.29

7/28/08488/11/08543.331.180232810176300.90.650.0125272592110.550.320.8840.21.365885670.780.27320.1524.27

7/24/08468/4/08641.911.130364089112390.90.540.0125243558480.530.340.8239.81.6259150910.284190.3524.26

7/21/08478/4/08622.371.160364089112380.910.480.0325240960880.570.340.8539.81.66795301.080.254230.3224.25

7/17/08447/28/08543.251.18036448580310.890.570.0225286089590.550.320.8840.11.415545620.70.216590.1624.27

7/14/08457/28/08572.821.12025438685330.90.580.0225279484210.560.320.8939.71.455305770.870.196150.1824.26

7/10/08427/21/08572.991.10242910290320.910.490.0125282482660.580.320.8939.51.425635750.850.196340.1924.26

7/7/08437/21/08592.741.06047438690330.890.570.0225295984450.610.320.9239.11.486445890.90.196350.2124.25

7/3/08417/11/08582.481.07048468490330.90.6025289981170.590.320.9139.41.536235520.990.187120.2424.27

6/30/08407/11/08572.611.09025389193330.890.57025293283060.570.320.8939.71.55235450.80.26250.2324.28

6/26/08387/7/08562.741.05036428689330.880.550.0225309485510.580.320.8939.41.565625440.950.227160.2724.26

6/23/08397/7/08552.871.12037428894350.90.590.0425286079330.580.320.8939.61.495915310.920.216220.2824.26

6/19/08366/30/08552.761.05035359499350.910.580.0125250469770.610.330.85401.426415290.770.243980.2624.24

6/16/08376/30/08612.221.140473991103360.950.550.0325267772300.590.330.8639.71.536645210.90.243950.324.28

6/12/08356/19/08582.531.10353199108370.910.57025250468150.60.330.8439.91.486175310.830.264010.2924.26

6/10/08346/19/08622.591.130474287117390.920.630.0225255362420.570.340.8439.51.626015300.960.264510.324.3

6/5/08336/13/08642.391.190484584118410.90.510.0225239557140.560.330.8439.41.595675330.980.274140.3224.22

6/2/08326/13/08631.891.180353791117410.890.550.0326226154930.550.350.839.91.535185280.740.323740.2724.27

5/29/08316/5/08641.851.090364089116400.90.650.0125232455620.540.330.8239.51.595155070.890.314510.3224.27

5/26/08306/5/08621.911.140364386117410.90.730.0125244258820.530.340.8239.41.655165130.910.324290.3324.23

5/22/08285/30/08612.221.1701328101112390.880.72025227360180.540.350.7840.21.515525020.810.344050.2824.29

5/19/08295/30/08622.421.120364485113390.880.80.0225250463910.520.340.7839.41.65024920.910.334070.324.22

5/15/08275/30/08621.721.260244088126400.870.810.0125181844410.540.370.6940.51.254585430.360.51250.124.3

5/12/08265/30/08641.731.270354385123390.860.86025184245310.540.370.6840.41.264665550.360.51520.124.24

5/8/08255/23/08602.171.1602329100111370.880.650.0125261063280.540.350.839.41.484745170.590.343860.324.25

5/5/08245/23/08602.241.130243691107360.860.69025274164270.540.360.7839.91.525095240.510.364570.2924.26

5/1/08225/16/08592.431.220133394109360.910.480.0225249061280.540.370.76401.374755170.440.383900.2524.24

4/28/08235/16/08602.341.190354287111380.90.430.0225260861940.550.370.7539.91.444715190.50.394260.2624.23

4/24/08215/12/08602.051.190133691113370.870.620.0225264260400.560.380.7639.91.415125300.60.393840.2924.24

4/21/08205/12/08592.061.230254286125500.860.640.0125254656880.550.40.7440.11.395635550.520.414160.2424.25

4/20/08195/2/08592.141.280244088118380.860.760.0131235052640.590.390.7240.21.365315530.40.442940.1924.28

4/19/08185/2/08602.311.250354286119380.860.72025214351380.540.370.7140.11.354635380.440.462790.1724.27

4/18/08164/24/08631.871.240123097116390.860.73025204950500.560.360.7240.21.294855410.440.472820.1724.28

4/17/08174/24/08601.941.340012798121390.870.780.0125192946210.550.370.6940.31.244775680.440.49970.1224.29

4/6/08154/14/08591.811.3800127100123380.860.810.0125172342100.560.380.6840.61.194775610.390.5250.0724.29

4/4/08144/14/08611.671.360022799122410.860.730.0225157139980.670.380.6740.71.125535600.360.5250.0524.26

3/12/08124/7/08631.831.340123393126390.840.560.0125174741000.550.390.6640.51.214695770.420.51250.0424.27

3/11/08134/7/08621.861.360233790155480.840.49025177341530.550.390.6740.51.284635750.370.51250.0424.27

3/5/08103/14/08631.731.430353990133420.850.650.0125156338170.560.380.6740.31.144846330.40.57250.0224.25

3/3/08113/14/08641.831.400115117142440.840.540.0125137432890.660.390.6140.61.055166270.260.68250.0224.27

2/28/0893/10/08661.221.3602430101137430.830.440.0125140133030.570.390.6640.61.125226700.430.6250.0324.29

2/26/0883/10/08651.371.350364286135420.830.410.0125138932680.570.490.6640.71.115347600.440.61250.04

2/21/0842/29/08661.531.340244584110410.830.730.0225151336410.560.390.6440.51.094746270.410.610.01

2/18/0832/29/08641.651.40134088124410.830.680.0125148635580.550.390.6340.41.054626370.360.630.01

1/22/0822/6/08681.11.50364287147480.810.610256959480.610.390.5741.11.045346230.230.750.01

Data

NICKEL

VANADIUM

Date

Nickel in E Cat,ppm

Vanadium in E Cat,ppm

Comments

Re2O3

Al2O3

Date

Re2O3

Al2O3

Charts

Date TakenId#Comment

11-Aug-0852053

14-Aug-0853052

60

62

61

61

60

60

60

59

59

59

59

59

61

60

59

60

62

61

62

61

58

60

Test Name

FACT, wt%

ESSAR OIL,JAMNAGAR,INDIA ECAT DataData Analysis by BASF Catalysts LLC

2.67

2.31

2.66

2.66

2.83

2.37

2.79

3.13

3.15

3.12

2.73

2.76

2.85

3.01

3.08

2.98

2.76

2.76

2.57

2.94

3.02

2.5

Test Name

FCF, wt/wt


1.07

1.05

1.03

1.07

1.04

1.08

1.05

1.05

1.07

1.02

1.08

1.03

1.09

1.02

1.04

1.08

1.14

1.08

1.01

1.18

1.16

1.17

Test Name

FGF, VOL


0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Test Name

0-20, wt%


5

5

6

5

4

3

4

6

4

6

5

3

1

5

4

3

1

1

5

1

5

4

Test Name

0-40, wt%


9

9

10

9

7

5

7

10

7

11

10

6

3

9

8

7

3

4

10

2

9

8

Test Name

0-45, wt%


53

50

51

50

46

41

46

54

50

59

49

43

29

52

47

44

42

41

52

25

50

51

Test Name

0-80, wt%


77

80

79

80

84

88

84

76

80

73

81

86

98

78

82

85

86

86

78

101

80

79

Test Name

APS,


76

73

75

73

73

76

77

73

75

76

76

82

86

80

78

78

86

84

90

92

83

85

Test Name

SA, m/g


33

32

34

32

33

34

33

32

32

33

33

35

35

35

34

33

36

35

39

37

36

38

Test Name

MSA, m/g


0.86

0.87

0.85

0.86

0.86

0.87

0.85

0.87

0.88

0.83

0.87

0.85

0.91

0.84

0.89

0.89

0.88

0.86

0.84

0.86

0.88

0.88

Test Name

ABD, g/cc


25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

28

25

54

37

51

Test Name

Cu, ppm


3213

3222

2854

2782

2692

2689

2913

3009

3142

2890

2978

2925

2425

2930

2605

2650

2546

2609

2706

2648

2559

2556

Test Name

Ni, ppm


11048

11120

10562

10670

10665

10650

11074

11080

11062

10716

10497

10273

8925

10002

9331

9636

8305

8775

8842

8826

8482

8413

Test Name

V, ppm


0.32

0.33

0.33

0.34

0.34

0.36

0.38

0.37

0.39

0.38

0.37

0.38

0.39

0.39

0.43

0.42

0.48

0.47

0.49

0.47

0.53

0.53

Test Name

Fe, wt%


0.32

0.37

0.32

0.33

0.32

0.33

0.32

0.31

0.31

0.32

0.31

0.3

0.29

0.3

0.3

0.31

0.29

0.29

0.29

0.29

0.3

0.29

Test Name

Na, wt%


45.1

44.9

45.1

44.9

44.9

44.9

44.5

44.2

44.5

44.4

45.5

45.6

44.4

45.1

43.6

43.9

42.6

42.8

42.7

42.7

41.7

42.3

Test Name

Al2O3, wt%


0.85

0.85

0.85

0.85

0.86

0.85

0.86

0.86

0.86

0.86

0.82

0.82

0.81

0.82

0.86

0.85

0.83

0.84

0.83

0.82

0.83

0.81

Test Name

Ti, wt%


1.83

1.83

1.8

1.78

1.79

1.77

1.79

1.82

1.83

1.8

1.75

1.74

1.69

1.75

1.74

1.72

1.55

1.57

1.62

1.59

1.44

1.46

Test Name

ReO, wt%


0

0.01

0.03

0.06

0.02

0

0.01

0.01

0.01

0

0

0

0.24

0.01

0.09

0.05

0.01

0.01

-0.01

0.01

0.12

0.07

Test Name

C, wt%


0.7

0.91

0.84

0.44

0.6

0.66

0.64

0.68

0.71

0.82

0.91

0.8

0.56

0.64

0.76

0.75

0.53

0.55

0.74

0.72

0.75

0.79

Test Name

EAI, wt%


388

415

449

416

422

439

485

474

498

537

381

385

387

395

530

560

600

587

616

560

615

652

Test Name

Ca, ppm


270

377

294

311

324

321

351

356

362

361

320

327

386

354

431

464

530

508

529

515

588

605

Test Name

K, ppm


0.23

0.23

0.23

0.25

0.26

0.27

0.34

0.33

0.39

0.36

0.35

0.37

0.33

0.37

0.45

0.4

0.6

0.54

0.59

0.47

0.65

0.65

Test Name

Mg, wt%


0.2

0.2

0.21

0.21

0.2

0.2

0.18

0.2

0.17

0.18

0.19

0.18

0.22

0.19

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.19

0.22

0.2

0.2

Test Name

P, wt%


448

499

448

443

473

471

534

588

606

508

542

571

444

537

597

532

535

537

565

555

591

607

Test Name

Sb, ppm


0.03

0.03

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.06

0.07

0.06

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.09

0.09

0.08

0.12

0.11

0.1

0.11

0.11

0.11

Test Name

ZN, wt%


24.22

24.27

24.26

24.24

24.27

24.33

24.28

24.26

24.27

24.24

24.3

24.28

24.28

24.29

24.29

24.28

24.27

24.27

24.28

24.26

24.26

24.3

Test Name

UCS,


Documents

Catalyst Poisons New