Casestudy Lighting

7/29/2019 Casestudy Lighting

1/19

CASE STUDYLighting Commercial

Alison HughesPresented by Denis van Es

Energy Research Centre

University of Cape Town


2/19

OverviewExamples of current projects

Problems encounteredDiscussion


3/19

ERC have M&Vd 10 Commercial lighting projectsCommercial offices / retail outlets

offices : 120 Plein Street (Parliamentbuildings, Cape Town)

target = 0.46 MWretail : Supermarket chain

target = 1.358 MW


4/19

Lighting projects are largely energy efficiency, theyreduce demand whenever the lights are on

but

they can alter the hours of operation of the lights

NONE of our DSM projects alter the hours of use

Energy efficiency projects have a target MW reduction indemand but no specific peak reduction target


5/19

Lighting projects can be either a retrofit or installation of asavings device

Retrofit - magnetic to electronic ballast

change of luminaire typereduction in the number of fittings

Savings device - connected in circuitalter the lighting hourslower the power drawn by the fittings

On completion lighting must comply with OccupationalHealth and Safety Act ( www.acts.co.za )


6/19

Voltage Reduction Unit

Installed in a range of stores in mallsthroughout South Africa (158 stores)

Unit connected into lighting circuit

Lowers voltage and therefore also theenergy demand of lamps

Only works with magnetic ballasts

Energy saving of roughly 30%

Lowers light outputNo change in the hours of use or thenumber of lights

Examples


7/19

National Supermarket Chain98 stores throughout thecountry participating(Approximately 46 000 Lightfittings)

Replacing magnetic withelectronic ballasts

No change in the hours of useor the number or type of lights

Anticipate 20 percent savings


8/19

M&V of lighting projectsScoping document

Site visit to confirm

Lights currently in place

Current maintenance of lights

Light levels

M&V Plan

There may be a large number of sites and often they arewidespread,

do you need to visit all or can you use a sample?

If there are a large number of sites, it may take a long

time to collect the tariff information


9/19

Baseline and post interventionsite visits

Typically meters are not installed on site asonly instantaneous measurements are

neededApproach differs depending on whether thereis a single or multiple sites

ANDwhether it is a retrofit or installation of asavings device


10/19

Determining the baseline wherepower saving devices are installed

If there are several sites determine the numberof sites to visit

Is it possible to establish an average e.g.average power saved for each deviceinstalled

It may be possible to measure the baseline and

post intervention measurements during thesame site visit

Monitoring of light levels is very important with

these devices


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Determining the baseline wherethere is a retrofitIf there are multiple sites determine the number of sites at which

you need to take measurements to get a representative sampleOn site

Count the number of lights of each type

It often helps to have a site plan handy

Determine the average number of lights not working (inmost commercial sites lights are well maintained)

Measure selected circuits

Establish current hours of operation

If it is a retail store, lights often remain on outside ofnormal store trading hours

Light levels in the stores


12/19

RMS meter (portable)Volts, amperes, power factor, power

Important to match current clamp to loadRecord

the DB number,

The circuit number you are measuring,

the number and type of lights on the circuit,

the number of lights not working on the circuit

Metered data is used to establish the average

W/fitting of each type of light on siteIt may not be possible to isolate circuits of a particulartype of fitting on site

Lux measurements

Metered Data


13/19

Example of baseline measurements takenat National Supermarket Chain

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240 245

Volts

Watts


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Example of measurements taken at UCT

50

70

90

110

130

150170

200 210 220 230 240

volts

Watts

Low loss magnetic

Low power factor

Electronic

Electronic


15/19

Savings CalculationsLights are either on or off

On = saving

Off = no saving

Establish tariff municipal or ESKOMMunicipal revised in July

ESKOM revised in January

Baseline and Post implementationDemand = Number of lights* watts per fitting

Energy = demand1 * number of hours1 + demand (afterhours) 2*number of hours2

(this calculation is performed for weekdays, Saturdays,Sundays and Public holidays)


16/19

Typical Monthly Savings Sheet

Hours

per

mnth Savings Savings Tariff

kW

savings Savings TariffSavings

kVA

Total

Savings

days

hrs/

day days

hrs/

day days

hrs/

day days

hrs/

day days

hrs/

day hrs (W) (kWh)

R/

kWh (R) kVAR/

kVA (R) (R)

Store A 19 9.5 4 6 3 5 3 4 1 5 236.5 3820 903.4 0.31 280.06 4.39 0 0 280.06

Store B 19 10 4 9.15 3 4.5 3 4.5 1 4 257.6 1040 267.9 0.27 72.33 1.45 0 0 72.33

Store C 19 10 4 10 3 5 3 5 1 4 264.0 1880 496.3 0.29 143.93 2.39 0 0 143.93

Store D 19 9.75 4 9.5 3 5 3 5 1 4 257.3 1100 283.0 0.31 87.72 1.56 0 0 87.72

Total 1950.6 R 584.05

Sunday

Pub

HolidayWeekday Saturday Sunday

Weekday

Pub

Holiday


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Example of baseline and actualdemand profile

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21

Hours (5:00am - 21:00)

kW

weekday baseline

weekday post

intervention

Saturday baseline

Saturday post

intervention

Sunday

Baseline

Sunday post intervention


18/19

Problems EncounteredWhat is the baseline if many fittings are defective

What is the baseline if power reduction units are alreadyin place

Tariffs hard to obtain

Retail retrofits may have a long installation period(years), in this case do you begin with savings reportsbefore the installation is completed

If there is a long delay between the proposal by theESCo and the project approval, sites may have changedor been upgraded


19/19

Can you use manufacturers data

Data is not collected in NMEC friendly format, there isno half hourly metered data

If the intervention causes the light levels to drop,where is the cut off

Savings do not occur over 24 hours and often do notcoincide with peak

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Casestudy Lighting