Case 21 Semester Exam study guide (Part C: 3rd 9 weeks) · Case 21 Semester Exam study guide (Part C: 3rd 9 weeks) 6 OBJ. E.8.9A.6-7 Formation Of Soil & Ground Water E.8.9A.6 Design

Case 21 Semester Exam study guide (Part C: 3rd 9 weeks)

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OBJ. E.8.9A.1-5 Plate Tectonics

E.8.9A.1 Investigate and explain how the flow of Earth’s internal energy drives the cycling of matter through

convection currents between Earth’s surface and the deep interior causing plate movements.

1.Identify the layers of Earth in order and briefly describe each

2. Match the Description to the correct column

Lithosphere Asthenosphere

A, C, F, G

B, D, E, F

A. Rocky & brittle part of Earth made up of the crust and the upper most top part of the mantle

B. It is like a conveyor belt for the plates due to convection currents

C. Earth’s “plates” are made from this layer

D. Plastic & flowing layer.

E. This is the layer that the plates float on.

F. Located in the upper mantle

G. Rigid

3. Use the following terms to label the differences between ocean & continental crust in the circles below:,

4. Use the following terms to complete the diagram: more, less, cools off, heats up, condense, spread out.

Becomes

MORE dense

Molecules rise and

SPREAD OUT

Becomes MORE

dense

Molecules

CONDENSE

and sink

Ocean Crust

THINNER YOUNGER

MORE DENSE

SINKS AT SUBDUCTION ZONES

vs.

Continental Crust

thicker

older

less dense,

rises at subductions zones

Continental Crust

Ocean Crust

Crust: rocky outer layer

Mantle: thick, convection currents

Inner core: liquid

Outer core: heart source

COOLS OFF

HEATS UP


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SAMPLE ITEMS E.8.9A.1

1. Which layer from the diagram above contains convection currents that cause lithospheric plates to move? (DOK1;

E.8.9A.1)

A. Inner Core

B. Outer Core

C. Mantle

D. Upper Mantle

2. Which letter in the diagram below represents the point in the Earth’s crust that would move apart as a result of the

matter being cycled. (DOK2; E.8.9A.1)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

3. Which of the following best explains the motion represented by the arrows?

A. Rock is heated near the core at Point A, and therefore becomes less dense. It rises towards Point B.

As it moves from Point B to Point C, it is cooled and becomes denser, so it sinks at Point D.

B. Rock is cooled near the core at Point A, and therefore becomes more dense. It rises towards Point B.

As it moves from Point B to Point C, it is heated and becomes less dense, so it sinks at Point D.

C. Rock is heated near the core at Point A, and therefore becomes more dense. It rises towards Point B.

As it moves from Point B to Point C, it is cooled and becomes less dense, so it sinks at Point D.

D. Rock is heated near the core at Point A, and pressure forces it to rise towards Point B.

As it moves from Point B to Point C, gravity forces it to sink back down to Point D.

E.8.9A.2 Explore and debate theories of plate tectonics to form conclusions about past and current movements of

rocks at Earth’s surface throughout history.

1. Define Continental Drift. A theory that states that the continents were once connected together in a giant land

mass called Pangea, broke apart, and drifted to their current location

2. Whose idea was Continental Drift? Wegener Was it accepted or rejected by fellow scientists, and why? No

mechanism/no proof of a force that caused it to happened

3. List 4 evidences of Continental Drift. Mt. Ranges * similar rock layers, Climate *glacier grooves & coal deposits,

geographic features *puzzle-like fit, fossil records on corresponding continental shore-lines

4. Who proposed the idea of that the sea floor is getting wider? What technology did he use? Harry Hess, sonar


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5. Describe sea-floor spreading and give 2 evidences that support it. The process by which convection currents pull

the ocean floor apart allowing for new ocean crust to form. Evidence: Magnetic striping & age of crust on either

side of ridge

6. When Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of Continental Drift, most scientists of the day did not believe his

theory and often debated the evidence that Wegener used to support his conclusion. Which of the following

images would have provided evidence that Wegener was missing to support his claim of the Continental Drift

Theory? (DOK2; E.8.9A.2)

7. Which of the following statements provide evidence to support the Continetal Drift theory proposed by Alfred

Wegener? (DOK3; E.8.9A.2)

Select all that apply

A. Hot Spots found in the middle of the oceans forming volcanic moutain ranges

B. Fossils of the same animals were found on many different continents, now separated by oceans

C. Shapes of the Continents appeared to ‘fit’ together in a puzzle-like form

D. Measurements of distances between continents shows that the distance is increasing slowly each year

E. Alternating magnetic stripes in the rock of the ocean floor

E.8.9A.3 Map land and water patterns from various time periods and use rocks and fossils to report

evidence of how Earth’s plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart.

1. Use the diagram to explain why the Atlantic Ocean is getting wider, according to seafloor spreading.

As seafloor spreading occurs due to convection currents

The continents will be pushed further away making the ocean

Wider a little at a time

2. What type of fossil provides evidence that supports that India and Antarctica may have been connected

at one time in a larger land mass? (DOK2; E.8.9A.3)

A. Lystrosaurus

B. Cynognathus

C. Mesosaurus

D. Glossopteris

B A

C D


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3. Geologists have studied and researched rocks and fossils in earth’s crust in order to find evidence to support the

movement of Earth’s continents. Which of the following discoveries by a geologist would provide evidence to

support the diagram above? (DOK3; E.8.9A.3)

A. Rock layers found in Northern Asia that are over 200 million years old have similar compositions to the rock

layers on the southern coast of Africa that are the same age

B. Rock layers found on the east coast of South America that are over 100 million years old have similar

compositions to the rock layers on the west coast of Africa that are the same age.

C. Rock layers found on the west coast of South America that are over 150 million years old have similar

compositions to the rock layers on the east coast of Africa that are the same age.

D. Rock layers in Europe are not similar to any of the rock layers in North America.

E.8.9A.4 Research and assess the credibility of scientific ideas to debate and discuss how Earth’s constructive and

destructive processes have changed Earth’s surface at varying time and spatial scales.

1. Earth’s volcanoes and earthquakes happen at most plate boundaries especially convergent boundaries. Example:

Ring of Fire Pacific plate vs. various other plates

2. What is the difference between a hot spot volcano and a volcanic mountain range?

Hot spot is stationary & not at a boundary like Hawaii, volcanic mts. are at plate boundaries

3. What is the driving force of plate movements? Convection Currents

4. Geologist that study the processes that have changed Earth’s surface over time developed the diagrams above as

models to explain the formation of the Himalayan Mountains. Which statement below provides credible evidence to

support how the diagrams represent the formation of the Himalayas? (DOK2; E.8.9A.4)

A. When two continental plates push together, both plates buckle and break in a destructive process that forms

new mountain ranges from the crust.

B. When two continental plates push together, the crust buckles and breaks to forms mountain ranges in a

constructive process.

C. When one ocean plate and one continental plates push together, the crust buckles and breaks to forms

mountain ranges in a constructive process.

D. When continental plates push together, both plates buckle and break in a destructive process that forms new

volcanic mountain ranges from the ocean crust.


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E.8.9A.5 Use models that demonstrate convergent and divergent plate movements that are responsible for

most landforms and the distribution of most rocks and minerals within Earth’s crust.

1. Convergent boundaries are A processes, while divergent boundaries are (C) processes.

A. Destructive B. Constructive C. gravitational

2. Complete the table. Use your notes or foldable to help you.

Convergent Boundaries COME together.

Type Landforms/Events Created Picture

Continental & continental crust • Continental mountain range

• Possible earthquakes

Ocean & continental crust SUBDUCTION ZONE

DEEP OCEAN TRENCH

EARTHQUAKES

CONTINENTAL VOLCANIC MT. RANGE

Ocean & ocean crust SUBDUCTION ZONE

DEEP OCEAN TRENCH

EARTHQUAKES

OCEAN VOLCANIC MT. RANGE

* ISLAND ARCH

Divergent boundaries MOVE APART.

Types Landforms/Events Created Picture

2 ocean crust plates MID OCEAN RIDGES

EARTHQUAKES

UNDERWATER VOLCANIC MT. RANGE

2 continental crust plates RIFT VALLEY

EARTHQUAKES

3. According to the information in the diagram above, what type of landform would be expected to be

found at position X on the map between the Nazca ocean crust and the South American continental

crust? (DOK2; E.8.9A.5) A. Rift Valleys

B. Mid-Ocean Ridge

C. Continental Mountain Range

D. Continental Volcanic Mountain Range

X


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OBJ. E.8.9A.6-7 Formation Of Soil & Ground Water

E.8.9A.6 Design and conduct investigations to evaluate the chemical and physical processes involved in

the formation of soils.

FILL IN THE BLANKS: In PHYSICAL weathering rocks are broken down into smaller pieces without

changing them, and in CHEMICAL weathering rocks are broken down and changed into different substances.

A. Chemical Weathering B. Physical Weathering

2, 3, 5, 1, 4, 6, 7

Identify which column the student should place each process into the data chart below.

1. Burrowing animals break apart rocks as they dig

2. Acid rain wears away the words on a tombstone

3. A rock changes from brown to red.

4. Plant roots force their way into a crack in the sidewalk and cause it to split even wider.

5. A rock slowly dissolves in water and breaks into different separate elements.

6. Water wears away rocks into smaller pieces at a shore due to waves crashing

7. Water freezing in cracks of rocks & expanding to break the rocks apart

8. Label each of the following types of weathering that leads to soil formation. Identify what type of

weathering: chemical or mechanical. A- ICE WEDGING (MECHANICAL), B – ANIMAL

BURROWING (MECHANICAL), WIND ABRASION (MECHANICAL)

Match the description to the horizon layers of soil.

▪ Y (B HORIZON) subsoil made mostly of clay and mineral deposits

▪ X (A HORIZON) top soil made of mineral and rock particles mixed with humus

▪ Z (C HORIZON) slightly broken up or weathered rock known as parent material.

▪ W (O HORIZON) organic partially decayed matter

A Horizon

B Horizon

C Horizon

O Horizon


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E.8.9A.7 Explain the interconnected relationship between surface water and groundwater.

1. Identify what the letters in the diagram represent in the hydrologic (water) cycle

2. Identify the parts of the water table

A. Water table = 4

B. Impermeable rock layer = 2

C. Confined aquifer = 5

D. Unconfined aquifer =

E. Artesian well = 9

F. Permeable Soil = 3

G. Aquifer = 1

3. Which of the two samples would the scientist claim to have the greater permeability? Explain why. Soil

B, larger particles allow more space between the soil to hold water & allow water to flow through

4. What role does soil play in the water cycle? Filters & cleans water through the leeching process to make

usable groundwater

OBJ. E.8.9B.1-3 Natural Hazards

E.8.9B.1 Research and map various types of natural hazards to determine their impact on society.

E.8.9B.2 Compare and contrast technologies that predict natural hazards to identify which types of

technologies are most effective. Natural Hazard Technology used Where they occur Impact

Huricanes Saffir-simpson scale, radar,

satellite

Warm tropical ocean waters,

near coast lines

Storm, surge, Flooding, loss of

life & major destruction to

property

flooding Dams, levies Near rivers, & waterways, coast

lines, areas with storms

Major loss of properties, loss of

life & farm land

volcanoes Along plate boundaries,

seismograph

Along plate boundaries, ring of

fire, mt. st. helens

Loss of plant & animal

life/habitat, ash smoke, soot

make air unbreathable, loss of

life, destruction of property

earthquakes Seismograph, Richter scale Along plate boundaries, ring of

fire, California

loss of life, long term,

destruction of property,

tsunamis

Thunderstoms/tornados Radar, satellite imaging,

Fujita scale Mid-US *tornado alley, but can

occur anywhere weather

changes

Loss of life, flooding, some

destruction of property

Forrest fires Satellite imaging Areas that have long periods of

no rain

Loss of habitat & animal life,

property destruction, loss of life

Mud / land slide seismograph Mountains, sloped land, areas

that receive large amounts of

rain & dry seasons

Destruction of anything in its

path, loss of life, major cleanup

after the debris stops moving

J. Precipitation

K. Condensation

L. Transpiration

M. Evaporation

X. groundwater flow

Y. Run off

What do the arrows

represent? infiltration


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OBJ. E.8.10.1-4 Natural Resources

E.8.10.1 Read and evaluate scientific information about advancements in renewable and nonrenewable

resources. Propose and defend ways to decrease national and global dependency on nonrenewable

resources.

1. Which of the following would be classified as a fossil fuel?


A. Coal E. Uranium

B. Geothermal F. Petroleum/Oil

C. Water G. Biomass

D. Natural gas

2. Match the description to the type of resource.

Description Type of Resource

13. This material is used in nuclear power plants to create nuclear energy B

14. This energy source comes from plants that died millions of years ago.D

15. Energy gained from this renewable energy resource comes from burning

food scraps, wood, and other organic material. A

16. This nonrenewable energy resource comes from plankton that died

millions of years ago and is found layered over oil. E

17. This renewable energy source comes from Earth’s interior. F

18. This energy source comes from the Sun. C

A. Biomass

B. Uranium

C. Solar

D. Coal

E. Oil

F. Geothermal

G. Natural gas

3. Fill in the blank

Resources that are used faster than they can be replaced by natural processes are known as NONRENWABLE

resources, whereas resources that can be replaced by natural process in a relatively short time are known as

RENEWABLE resources.

E.8.10.2 Create and defend a proposal for reducing the environmental effects humans have on Earth (e.g., population

increases, consumer demands, chemical pollution, deforestation, and change in average annual temperature).

Match the word to the correct example 1. Deforestation D A. Over the last 20 years the average surface temperature

of Earth has increase around 2 degrees Celsius

2. Reclamation H B. A car plant collects scrap metal to melt in order to make

engine parts

3. Acid precipitation J C. A nuclear power plant releases waste after a Tsunami

hit

4. Global Warming A D. Cutting down trees to harvest wood for a paper plant

5. Reforestation I E. A new neighborhood was being built in Lewisburg

6. Green spaces E F. Establishing a neighborhood park before constructing a

new neighborhood

7. Landfills G G. Waste companies burry the trash in an area that most

people do not live to prevent it from blowing

everywhere in the community

8. Recycling B H. After mining gravel, the company created a lake in the

whole that was left behind, planted trees, & established

a wildlife reserve

9. Urban Sprawl F I. planting trees in after the CA wild fires destroyed 1000’s of acres

10. Hazardous waste C J. Trees dying in an area due to air pollution that causes a

lower pH in the precipitation


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11. . . Which of the following claims could be made about the data in the graph?

A. The population on Earth has remained stable throughout history

B. In the late 1800 the population began to gradually rise at a slow pace

C. In the late 1800 the population began to increase rapidly

D. The population on Earth has gradually increased throughout history

12. . Which of the following most likely led to the change in population during the last century?

A. Improvements in agriculture

B. Improvements in transportation

C. Improvements in medical treatment

D. Improvements in education

13. .. If the trend in population represented in the graph continues for the next 100 years, what impact will it

have on natural resources?

A. Natural resources will decrease due to the carry capacity of Earth

B. Natural resources will increase due to carrying capacity of Earth

C. Natural resources will decrease at first and then replenish themselves over time

D. Natural resources will not be impacted by the change

E.8.10.3 Using scientific data, debate the societal advantages and disadvantages of technological

advancements in renewable energy sources.

1. Which of the following energy resources produces absolutely no pollution?

A. Biomass

B. Coal

C. Hydroelectric

D. Geothermal

2. Which of the following claims is a downside to renewable energy sources?


A. difficult for renewable energy sources to generate power on the same large scale as fossil fuels

B. Creates major pollution by emitting greenhouse gases

C. building wind farms and dams can disrupt wildlife and migration patterns and lead to ecological

destruction

D. There is a limited supply of these types of resources

E. Renewable energy prices can be unstable over time


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3. How does the use of renewable resources help combat climate change?

A. It helps decrease the temperature of the atmosphere

B. It helps generate money for scientific research in slowing the climate change

C. it creates no direct greenhouse gas emissions

D. It helps put carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which reduces global temperatures.

4. Which renewable resource(s) in the data chart below are correctly placed with their advantage

Advantage Renewable Resources

A. A. Nonpolluting solar, wind, water

B. B. Relatively inexpensive wind , solar

C. C. Produces little pollution Geothermal, biomass

D. D. Reduces organic material in landfills biomass , water

5. Which of the following are disadvantages to using fossil fuels as an energy source?

Select All that Apply.

A. habitat disruption B. fairly easy to transform chemical energy to electrical energy C. limited supply D. can only be used in particular regions of the world

E. relatively easy to transport

F. pollution from mining and from burning

G. relatively inexpensive

A. Advantage of Renewable B. Disadvantage of Renewable 6. renewable energy sources produce less pollution than fossil fuels. A

7. geothermal drilling disrupts habitats. B

8. biomass energy reduces the amount of organic matter in landfills. A

9. large-scale geothermal plants are limited to areas with tectonic activity. B

10. wind energy is nonpolluting. A

11. geothermal energy produces little pollution. A

12. wind energy is relatively inexpensive. A

13. wind farms are limited to large, windy areas. B

14. solar cells are expensive. B

15. biomass is less energy efficient than fossil fuels. B


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OBJ. P.8.6.1-7 Waves

P.8.6.1 Collect, organize, and interpret data about the characteristics of sound and light waves to

construct explanations about the relationship between matter and energy.

Visible Light Sound

Definition: A form of energy that is a segment of the ELECTROMAGNETIC spectrum that the human eye can view. This range of wavelengths is called visible light.

a form of energy that causes air molecules to VIBRATE and move in a pattern which travel to your ears allowing your brain to recognize the sound

Type of wave Electromagnetic Mechanical

Type of wave

motion

Transverse

Longitudinal

Amplitude Affects the BRIGHTNESS a light Amount of ENERGY the wave carries

Loudness or softness of a sound

Frequency/

wavelength

Affects the COLOR of the light

Affects the PITCH of a sound

How it interacts with

a medium (matter)

Denser medium: SLOWER

NO MEDIUM: fastest

Denser medium: FASTER

NO MEDIUM: won’t move *STOPS

Use the chart below to answer the following questions. Material Meters per second

Air at 32 degrees 331

Air at 68 degrees 343

Water at 68 degrees 1,481

Water at 33 degrees 1,500

Ice at 32 degrees 3,500

Iron 5,130

Glass 5,640

1. What material does sound travel fastest in between iron, water at 68 degrees, and air at 32 degrees?

a) iron b) water at 68 c) air at 32

2. Where does the speed of sound travel faster between water at 33 degrees and water at 68 degrees?

a) water at 33 b) water at 68

3. Where is the speed of sound travel fastest between glass, iron, and air?

a) glass b) iron c) air

4. Where does the speed of sound travel the slowest on the chart? _________________________

5. Based on the chart, where does sound travel faster?

a) liquid b) solid

6. Based on the chart, where does sound travel faster?

a) gas b) liquid


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7. Based on the data chart what would happen to the speed of light if it were to transmit through the following

mediums?

a) Light that left our atmosphere SPEED UP

b) Light that enters our atmosphere SLOW DOWN

c) Light entering a swimming pool SLOW DOWN

Use the chart above to answer the following questions:

1.Which color reflects the most light? WHITE

2. Which color absorbs the most light? BLACK

3. If you were building a solar water heater, which color would be the best to paint the outside? BLACK

4. Besides black, the second best color to paint the solar water heater would be which color? RED

5. A group only has four colors to paint their solar water heater. Kevin says they should paint it white. Rachel

says they should paint it blue. Lisa says they should paint it yellow. Taylor says they should paint it orange.

Which of the colors would make the water heat up the best. BLUE

6. Which of these colors would work the least? (red, blue, yellow, orange)

P.8.6.2 Investigate research-based mechanisms for capturing and converting wave energy (frequency,

amplitude, wavelength, and speed) into electrical energy.

Characteristics of wave Definition

frequency NUMBER OF BEATS PER SECOND wavelength DISTANCE FROM 1 CREST TO ANOTHER OR COMPRESSION

TO A COMPRESSION amplitude DISTANCE FROM RESTING POSITION TO THE CREST speed DISTANCE A WAVE TRAVELS IN A PARTICULAR AMOUNT

OF TIME

What are some devices that convert wave energy into electrical energy?

MICROPHONE, amplifier, cell phones, tidal/ocean wave energy


13

P.8.6.3 Conduct simple investigations about the performance of waves to describe their behavior (e.g.,

refraction, reflection, transmission, and absorption) as they interact with various materials (e.g., lenses,

mirrors, and prisms).

Use the word bank to label the following diagrams:

-reflection -absorption -constructive interference -destructive interference -refraction -prism

ABSORPTION REFLECTION REFRACTION PRISM CONSTUCTIVE

INTERFERANCE

DESTRUCTIVE

INTERFERANCE

Match the terms in the box to the description below. 1_________________ a wave bouncing off a surface C

2_________________ material that allows most light to pass through and forms a blurry image D

3_________________ electromagnetic radiation that humans can see A

4_________________ material that allows almost all light to pass through and forms a clear image E

5_________________ material that does not allow light to pass through B

Mirrors: reflect Light Lenses: transmit light

CONCAVE

Flips object UPSIDE down

Makes objects appear SMALLER diverges light

CONVEX

Right-side up but elongated

Makes objects appear LARGER converges light

P.8.6.4 Use scientific processes to plan and conduct controlled investigations to conclude sound is a wave

phenomenon that is characterized by amplitude and frequency.

Sound

Longitudinal

AMPLITUDE FREQUENCY

Amount of energy the wave carries

Loudness or softness of a sound

Affects the pitch of a sound

Measured in DECIBLES Measured in HERTZS

A. light

B. opaque

C. reflection

D. translucent

E. transparent


14

Comparing two sets of waves can allow a person to make judgments about the nature of the sounds that produced the waves.

Assume that both sets of sound waves are travelling at the same speed. What is the

Best description of these two sets of waves? A. Sound waves from source X are louder than sound waves from source Y, but both have

the same frequency. B. Sound waves from source X have a greater amplitude than sound waves from source Y,

but both have the same energy. C. Sound waves from source X have a greater wavelength than sound waves from source

Y, but both are equally loud. D. Sound waves from source X have a higher frequency than sound waves from source Y,

but both have the same wavelength.

P.8.6.5 Conduct scientific investigations that describe the behavior of sound when resonance changes

(e.g., waves in a stretched string and design of musical instruments).

Fill in the missing information in the data chart below

Higher Pitch Lower Pitch

Length of the string shorter longer

Stretching of a string More stretched Less stretched

Thickness of a string thinner thicker

Length of a bar shorter longer

The rubber bands were stretch across some nails in a board like the image below.

Which of the following claims could the students have made during this investigation?

A. Rubber band A had the highest pitch.

B. Rubber band D had the highest pitch.

C. Rubber band A had the highest amplitude.

D. All of the rubber bands have the same pitch but different amplitudes.

P.8.6.6 Obtain and evaluate scientific information to explain the relationship between seeing color and

the transmission, absorption, or reflection of light waves by various materials. 1. Which crayon absorbs all wavelengths of light? BLACK

2. Which crayon reflects all wavelengths of light? WHITE

3. Which crayon reflects only red wavelengths of light? RED

4. Which crayon absorbs red, orange, yellow, green, indigo & violet light? BLUE

A D C B


15

List the order color light spectrum from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength in the box below, then write HIGH or

LOW energy in the correct box

P.8.6.7 Research the historical significance of wave technology to explain how digitized tools have evolved to

encode and transmit information (e.g., telegraph, cell phones, and wireless computer networks).

1. What type of electromagnetic wave is used for transmitting information RADIO WAVES / MICROWAVES 2. What is the difference between a transmitter & a receiver? TRANSMITTER SEND INFORMATION, RECIEVER

CAPTURES INFORMATION 3. What characteristics of light & sound waves can be converted to electrical energy then back to light of sound

energy? FREQUENCY & AMPLITUDE 4. What is the difference between analog & digital technology & how has digital help improve technology?

ANOLGUE MEASURES CONTINUOUS AMPLITUDES AND FREQUESCIES, DIGITAL CONVERTS WAVES INTO NUMBER CODES TO MAKE DATA MORE RELIABLE AND EASIER TO TRANSMIT WITH LESS INTERFERENCE

P.8.6.8 Compare and contrast the behavior of sound and light waves to determine which types of waves

need a medium for transmission. Identify each of the following behaviors of a wave as SOUND, LIGHT, OR BOTH

1_________________ Must have a medium SOUND

2_________________ Can travel through opaque solids SOUND

3_________________ Is a transverse wave LIGHT

4_________________ Is a series of vibrations moving in compressions and rarefactions SOUND

5_________________ Carries energy from one point to another BOTH

6_________________ Travels in empty space or a medium LIGHT

7_________________ Speeds decreases as the medium becomes more dense LIGHT

8_________________ Can be absorbed and reflected BOTH

9_________________ Refracts in clear liquids LIGHT

10_________________ Slows down when travelling from a solid to a gas SOUND

11_________________ Longitudinal SOUND

fig 1. The original analogue sound wave is a continuous set of points fig 2. ADC converts sound into digital data fig 3. DAC converts digital data into analogue sound, the analogue wave produced may differ significantly from the original sound wave

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Case 21 Semester Exam study guide (Part C: 3rd 9 weeks) · Case 21 Semester Exam study guide (Part C: 3rd 9 weeks) 6 OBJ. E.8.9A.6-7 Formation Of Soil & Ground Water E.8.9A.6 Design