Carrier Phase-Based GNSS:a university research agenda

Chris Rizoz:Chris Rizoz:Chris Rizoz:Chris Rizoz:

Chris Rizos

Satellite Navigation & Positioning (SNAP) Group, School of Surveying & Spatial Information Systems

The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

Civil GPS Service Interface Committee Meeting10-11 February 2003, Melbourne, Australia

Civil GPS Service Committee Meeting10-11 February 2003, Melbourne, Victoria

GPS R&D: The Big Picture University GPS Research Topics The Australian Scene: CRC & NICTA Directions in SNAP Research

Overview

GPS: Space-Based Positioning System of Unequalled Versatility

• Geodetic technique -- accurate, low-cost, portable, massive ground infrastructure

• Surveying tool -- valuable addition to the surveyor's toolkit

• Navigation technology -- affordable, ubiquitous, impacting on all marine-air-land navigation practice

• Consumer electronics -- alter society's view of the world & influence the mobile services provided through wireless technologies

First civilian GPS (geodetic) receivers,

early 1980s

First Australian GPS control survey, state of South Australia 1985

Evolution of the User Segment

1980s: military, surveying & geodesy

1990s: navigation users 2000s: consumer

electronics, LBS

This has influenced the R&D trends…

So what have the universities been doing?

Australian University GPS R&D (1)

‘Geodesy’ the primary driver since the mid-1980s Concentrated in depts of surveying/geomatics Algorithm development… CPH modelling &

processing, AR, etc. Applications focus… geodynamics, reference

frame, surveying, “kinematic”, etc. UNSW, CUT, UM, RMIT, USA, UT, UC, QUT

Has uni R&D focus evolved with application trends?

Australian University GPS R&D (2) Largely CPH-based… PR techniques & apps

have been shunned No hardware developments… EE skills lacking No navigation technology ‘research culture’…

EE depts totally indifferent to GNSS R&D Industry dominated by SMEs… minor influence

on university R&D Can university R&D capability adapt to new

challenges?

Convergence of Developments

Wireless Communications Mobile Computing Mobile Positioning Spatial Database Servers

Will the Uni R&D agenda reflect such mainstream

technologies/apps, or remain focused on niches???

GPS: the “slow burn” technology

At heart of convergence of crucial technologies: GPS the core technology

Low-cost, high-performance of GPS GPS as infrastructure:

a vital utility Next generation GNSS:

modernized GPS, Galileo, etc. Massive potential for new

products & services

Civil GPS Service Committee Meeting10-11 February 2003, Melbourne, Victoria

GPS-Related Research Challenges (1)

Deformation/Geodynamics:GPS HW/SW systems, coms issues, time series analysis, DInSAR/remote sensing, engineering apps, etc.

CGPS:Base stn QC/ops, coms issues, web apps, scalability, servers, multi-functionality, new services, non-positioning apps, etc.

GPS Meteorology:Ionospheric & tropospheric studies, ground & space-based, interaction with NWM, etc.

"Indirect" GPS:Bistatic radar imaging, multipath analysis, ground & airborne systems, remote sensing apps, etc.

Long-Range Kinematic GPS:Ocean buoy positioning, CGPS apps over long distances, coms issues, etc.

GPS/Glonass/Galileo:Observation modelling, new data processing algorithms, multi-frequency OTF-AR, QC, new apps, receiver customisation, etc.

Civil GPS Service Committee Meeting10-11 February 2003, Melbourne, Victoria

GPS-Related Research Challenges (2)

Precise Navigation:New apps, coms link issues, new instrumentation, new algorithms, etc.

Hazard Monitoring:Volcanoes, landslides, structural integrity, ground subsidence, which technology & processing strategies?

GNSS Augmentations:WAAS, WADGPS, RADGPS, testing & advice on implementation issues

GPS & Internet & Wireless:Internet DGPS, RTK, processing engines, monitoring & control, etc.

Multi-Sensor Systems:GPS+INS, LIDAR, CCD+, MEMS integration challenges.

MSS Applications:Mobile mapping, augmented reality, robotics (guidance/control), etc.

New Technologies:Pseudolites, receiver designs, mobilephone positioning, WLAN, etc.

Telegeoinformatics:LBS, GIS, indoor positioning, apps issues, mobile devices & wireless coms.

The Australian Scene

GPS expertise concentrated in surveying/geomatics depts., not EE.

Applied/practical research is more valued by industry, but CPH-based research provides necessary challenges for academia.

Australian GPS R&D is worldclass (although predominantly focused on CPH-based tech/apps).

Cooperative Research Centre in Spatial Information (CRC-SI) to be established mid-2003.

National ICT Centre-of-Excellence established 2002.

CRC-SI (1) • Industry, government & university consortium• To begin from mid-2003• Seven year funding >$4m(cash),$10m(inkind) p.a.• Focus on the science & applications of SI• Five research programs• Seven demonstrator projects• Commercialisation, advanced training & technology

transfer from CRC to industry & government partners

First opportunity for university GNSS R&D agenda to be shaped by industry/users…

CRC-SI (2) • SME consortium• Public sector agencies: Geosciences Australia,

DIGO, DITM, Land Victoria, DOLA, AgWest, etc.• Universities: Univ. of Melbourne, UNSW, Curtin

Univ., Charles Sturt Univ.• Industry contributions: ESRI, Intergraph, Raytheon,

and others• Headquarters at Univ. of Melbourne• Research programs headed by university

researchers• Demonstrators link research to

integrated outcomes

CRC-SI (3) • Integrated Positioning & Mapping Systems - Chris Rizos (UNSW)

•Metric Imagery as a Spatial Information Source - Clive Fraser (UM)

•Spatial Information System Design & Spatial Data Infrastructures - Ian Williamson (UM)

•Earth Observation for Renewable Natural Resource Management - Tony Milne (UNSW)

•Modelling & Visualisation for Spatial Decision Support - Ian Bishop (UM)

NICTA Recent announcement by Federal Government of ICT

‘centre of excellence’ to NSW-ACT consortium. Universities: UNSW, ANU, Sydney Univ. UNSW is lead institution. Others: ACT, DITM, Lend Lease, ... $130m over 5 years (matched by other funds). >200 fulltime researchers & lots of graduate students. Dominated by EE, Telecom Eng. & Comp. Sci. Challenge: how to encourage R&D into SI Technology

& Applications?

Civil GPS Service Committee Meeting10-11 February 2003, Melbourne, Victoria

Satellite Navigation and Positioning (SNAP) Group

Located within the School of Surveying & SIS, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW.

Largest and most active academic GPS R&D group in Australia.

Specialising in the theory, technology and applications of positioning using GPS and other navigation technologies.

http://www.gmat.unsw.edu.au/snap

Project Theme 1 Indonesian volcano monitoring Singapore building monitoring Appin area subsidence monitoring Mixed receiver networks Integration of GPS & DInSAR Tectonic & geomorphological

interpretation of ground deformation Meteorological studies Time series analysis

Project Theme 2 CPH-based GPS/Glonass/ Galileo

positioning Stochastic modelling Ambiguity resolution & validation INS data modelling PL data modelling & issues Integration of GPS & INS & PL Integration of navigation & image sensor

systems, & associated HW issues Kalman filtering algorithms/SW

Project Theme 3 RTK-GPS, single & network-based Algorithms for kinematic positioning Single-frequency algorithms Pseudolite development Receiver firmware customisation Industrial applications of RTK Coms link R&D, incl. Internet, WLAN Software-defined receivers Embedded processors & RTOS GPS Development Kits

Project Theme 4 GPS & UNSW microsatellite Indoor positioning options UNSW demonstrators GPS & mobilephone

positioning Mobile GIS-based projects Augmented reality WLAN & Bluetooth

developments New collaborations

Civil GPS Service Committee Meeting10-11 February 2003, Melbourne, Victoria

Current SNAP R&D

GPS+InSAR deformation monitoring techniques SydNET network-based GPS infrastructure & apps Pseudolite(+ other sensors) technology & applications Receiver firmware customisation Low-cost CPH-based positioning systems High performance, CPH-based kinematic positioning systems Indoor positioning concepts & technologies Indirect GPS signals research Stochastic modelling & fundamental research

Civil GPS Service Committee Meeting10-11 February 2003, Melbourne, Victoria

SydNET - Nine Site

(15Km Radius)

QSQR (LPI)

PARR (LPI Parramatta)

SUTH (Sutherland)

HOXT (Liverpool)

CAMD (Camden)

PENR (Penrith)

WIND (Hawkesbury)

GALS (Hornsby)

MONA (Pittwater)

Uni R&D… From Geodesy to Telegeoinformatics?

GPS-only algorithm research nearing the end, some new 'lease-of-life' from Galileo & modernized GPS.

Industry wants solutions, hence core CPH competency must be preserved & made available for applications.

Niche (precision) applications are still attractive, but will increasingly involve system or sensor integration.

Telegeoinformatics applications cannot be ignored, being multi-disciplinary in nature, but more HW based.

Days of ‘ivory tower’ R&D at unis are numbered, must seek strategic partnerships for mutual benefit.