Caraş Severin County

7/17/2019 Caraş Severin County

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The one beneath I daily rise my eyes,the one I always guide my hopes to?Or ... do they both shape my creed?

Which sky takes me back me home?

CARAŞ SEVERIN COUNTY



The county of Caraş-Severin is situated in the

south-est of Ro!ania" in the ancient #rovince

of $anat% It &orders Ser&ia to the est and

south" and the 'anu&e and the Ser&ian &order

to the e(tre!e south% The county seat is atReşi)a% Caraş-Severin is #art of the 'anu&e-

*ris-+ureş-Tisa eurore,ion% It has a #o#uation

of ..."/01" the !a2ority 344%/567 &ein,

Ro!anians% They ive in ,ood nei,h&ourhood

and or8-to,ether ith 9er!ans" :un,arians"

Ser&s" Croats and other nationaities.

;ith 4"<05 8!/" it is the third ar,est county in

Ro!ania" after Ti!iş and Suceava counties% It

is aso the county throu,h hich the 'anu&e

River enters Ro!ania%

The reduced nu!&er of inha&itants is due to the

reief features = !osty !ountains and his"and forests coverin, a ar,e #art of the county

territory% :oever" the county is ocated at an

econo!ic and cutura cross-roads%

The symbol of the county is the daffodil, seen as passion embraced by purity.



SHORT HISTORY

The mountainous zone of Caras-Severin county was characterized, during its first stage of

develoment, !y a revalence of rimary industries "mining, metallurgy# resulting from the

geological articularities of the region consisting in very rich resources$ ferrous metals, non-

ferrous-metals, coal, non-metal ores% The mines here wor&ed during the Roman and the

Ottoman rules, !ut a systemic aroach and develoment of industry started only at the

!eginning of the '(th century, once )anat !ecame a rovince of the *ustrian +mire "''(#%

Thus, the mines at Sasca, Ciclova, Oravita, ognecea, Ocna de .ier are mentioned !oth !y

travellers visiting the region and !y mineralogy aers of the time% The set-u of the wor&s at

)oc/a "'0'#, and esecially of that in Resita "''# reresented an institutionalization of

industry in the mountainous )anat% )y '(11, the entire mining, metallurgical and forest assets

in the area had !een roerty of the *ustrian Imerial Treasury% *t that time the firstRomanian railway line was !uilt, 2coal3 railway line, "0' *ugust '(14# and was designated for

the transort of coal and metallurgical roducts originating in the zone%

*fter the shoc& of 5orld 5ar I, a multinational society, 6R, was esta!lished and it started

e7anding, develoing entirely new !ranches and rocess lines$ locomotives, electric

machines, oil e8uiment, several tyes of arms and ammunition% In time, several commercial

comanies have come out of 6R and are secialized at resent in the roduction of railwaytyres, railway trac&s and heavy shaes, iesel engines for railway locomotives and shis,

hydroower e8uiment and lant, !ig and secial electric motors% Hoes for the !etter still

e7ist, though, li&ely to hel overcome the draw!ac&s of the moment and induce economic

usurge%

Caraş-Severin County has 2 municipalities, 6 towns and 69 communes, 2! villa"es.

#unicipalities$ Caransebeş, %eşi&a - capital city



R + 9 I : *

Resita is the most imortant town of the county, theadministrative, economic and cultural centre of

Caras-Severin% The history of the town is inter-related

with its develoment as an industrial centre%

The ton history starts in 0>?1 hen the I!#eria Courtof Vienna decided to &uid a !etaur,ica or8s at

Resita% The concusion in 0>>0 of a first sta,e of the

construction !a8es the !etaur,ica or8s of Resita

one of the !ost fa!ous in Euro#e" aon, ith other sti

o#erationa suchi8e faciities@ *ru## 3Essen" 9er!any"

founded 04007" S8oda 3sen" CBech Re#u&ic" founded

04<1-04?7" the or8s at 'onaitB" Austria" founded04.?% Resita is at #resent a #oerfu Ro!anian

industria centre" ith one of the ar,est ferrous

!etaur,y and !echanica en,ineerin, or8s 3UC+R7%The centre of the town

%esita remains a city where the industry is stron"ly infiltrated into the

city's heart and where the natural beauty be"ins outside the city "ates.



;*<=*R>S I< R+SIT*



Oen-*ir =useum of the Steam +ngines

was founded in '?0, to cele!rate a century of steam

engines roduction in Re/i@a% The museum consists ofA e7hi!its !elonging to different eriods of

construction, the most imortant !eing the steam

engine called 3R+SICB*3, one of the first three

steam locomotives fa!ricated in the south-east of

+uroe, in '(0% ohn Haswell is the author of the

roDect, an engineer from Scotland, !ut living in

Eienne% It is a tender locomotive with two connectedwheels, it has a traction force of ''01&g and 41 HF at

a ''&mGh seed% It was constructed under imrovised

conditions in the wor&shos of St+ Re/i@a and in

'?A0 was still wor&ing% In '?A4, steam locomotives

roduction in Re/i@a comes to an end%

*ll 'A e7hi!its of the museum concentrate the history of almost a centuryof machine construction industry on the !an&s of the )rzava river%



The huge hall where the steam

engines were fa!ricated,

icture dating from '((

The second steam

engine ever roduced in

Romania, R+SICB* 0

'(0



In '?1?, the first museum institution in the city

of Resita is founded, organized at the first floor

of the former FeoleJs Council district%The museumKs inauguration was held on

ecem!er 0L, '?1?% The first e7hi!ition of the

museum contained o!Dects from the historical ast of

the city, e7hi!its which are related with the !eginning

and the develoment of Resita .actories, !ut also

with the environment of the city%

In '?A0, the museum increases its collection and moves to another !uilding% In '?A?, Resita

=useum !ecomes the History =useum of Caras-Severin County% The museum changes again its

location, in '?0% 5ith this occasion it is resented an entire collection that descri!es the historical

develoment of the society on the grounds of Caras-Severin county, since the Falaeolithic era% The

museum contains a large collection of o!Dects related to many fields including archaeology, divided

into the Falaeolithic "flint tools#, <eolithic "tools, ainted ottery, statues and altars#, !ronze,Hallstatt, acian era, Roman ottery, medieval era "silver, !ronze and coer ornaments#,

numismatics "ree&, Roman, )yzantine coins, from modern and contemorary era#, history

"documents, hotos, old !oo&s#, ethnograhy "clothing, interior fa!rics from Caras, Herculane,

religious ainting on glass and wood, contemorary Romanian art, collection of minerals#%

TH+ CO6<TY =6S+6= O. HISTORY



M+.TI=I+ =6R6K 6<IE+RSITY "6+=#

of R+SIT* was founded in '?'%

In the academic year there are a!out L,1NN students%

The main activities are$ Scientific Research and

International Relations%There are two .aculties$ the .aculty of +ngineering,

founded in '?' and the .aculty of +conomics and

*dministrative Sciences, founded in '??1%

Scientific research, together with training, has

always !een one of the maDor activities and interests

of the university%

The Centre of Research in Hydraulics, *utomationand Heat Frocesses, the Centre of Technologic

Transfer and the Centre of Research in Social

Sciences and Humanities are all !ased here%

The 6niversity also articiates in +uroean

rogrammes such as Temus, SocratesG+rasmus,

Culture 0NNN and ;eonardo da Einci rogrammes

and cooerates with various 6niversities from$

ermany, Italy, reece, Yugoslavia, *ustria,

=oldavia, .rance, and Canada%



2%*%F+TC6;+SC63

TH+*TR+ is the local theatre

with a short, !ut active history,

and functions in the historicalmonument !uilding called the

Culture Falace, a gorgeous lace

recently restored in order to

house the activity of the Theatre%

Recently the theatre has

received a new title namely the5est Resita Theatre, in the

officialsK effort to include the local

theatrical activity in the

+uroean circuit, thus oening

new communication ossi!ilities

and the ac&nowledgement of thecultural efforts and the western

area sirituality%



It was inaugurated on

the 'st of uly '('% The

!uilding, with a semi-

circular hall and !o7es

on the first and uer

floor, was designed !y

architect Ion <iunyinterior facilities after

the model of the Eienna

)urgtheater storeys and

casino halls were added

in '(L(, and in '(?L was

entirely restored%

)ut P

the oldest theatre in the country is not far from Resita% One can find it in a smaller town, Oravita,

within Caras-Severin County% This wonderful construction is included in the list of Historical

=onuments Froosed for Restoration%



Severa &eautifu rei,ious edifice ocated

donton Resita te the od story of the

city% Their as stood u# throu,hout ti!e

and history and noadays are visited &y a

tourists arrivin, in ton% One of those

#aces is the oca Synagogue" a &eautifu"ar,e +oresDue edifice &uit in 01>"

havin, a centra hi,h do!e hich creates a

!onu!entaity effect%

Another i!#ortant &uidin, aso &ecause it

is re#resentative for the do!inatin,

rei,ion is the Resita =ontana Romanian

Orthodo7 Cathedral" a !onu!enta

&yBantine construction finished in 01.4%

The +vangelic Church 010 is yet

another onderfu #ace to visit" an edifice

reaiBed in 010 hich sti i!#resses ith

its uniDue architecture and i!#osin,

di!ensions%



The +vangelic Church

The Synagogue



Lrd uly''

.urnace no% 0 Resita is the last furnace with a caacity of NNmc

that has !een reserved in Romania and one of the last in +uroe%

)uilt !etweeen 'A?-'', it was inaugurated in uly '' under the

name of 2.ranciscus und osehus3 .urnace% Today is included in

the Romanian <ational Fatrimony as a historical monument%

There are few eole who &now

that the famous sym!ol of Faris,

+iffel Tower, was constructed in

accordance to the lans of an

original technology invented !y

a Romanian engineer, heorghe

Fanculescu% ustave +iffel

himself visited him, at that time

Fanculescu !eing the insector

of Romanian Railways% They

discussed the modality of

adating the new technology to!uilding u the tower%

*nd P the steel used for the

tower was, most art of it,

roduced in Resita%



The first

hydroelectrical

lant in Resita

was !uilt

!etween

'?NL-'?N4 and

is still wor&ing

today%



TH+

>I<+TIC.O6<T*I<





T:EOY+IC

S;I++IN9

OO



S<*FSHOTS O. R+SIT*



Fanoramic view

Figeons 2invading3

the central s8uare



Covered !y the cold garment of a long winter



CoalKs road susended in the chilly air



Semenic Hotel

The <ational Romanian )an&

Q Resita )ranch





The oyvaent :a

UNIVERSA

the odest !odern sho# in

Resita

Ro,,e :ote



Interior of the ChurchFSaints eter and auG

Rei,ious Cee&ration FET US $E I9:TG

on a! Sunday" +arch /0



rna - the erfect

summer destination for a!out

'N NNN eole% The small

mountain village, at a!out 'NNN

m altitude, comes to life every

summer, as the azz .estival!rings an overa!undance of

musicians and tourists from all

over the world%

arana is a true arts cam for

Dazz festivals, roc& concerts, fol&

festivals, e7hi!itions, !oo&releases, !i&ing cometitions and

new things one discovers every

season% It is the one of the most

imortant laces for eastern

+uroean cultural tourism%



F$anat Rin, 'anceG Q festival of oular traditional music and dances organised, every

year, !y The Town Hall of Resita and The ;ocal Council of the municiality% The event ta&es

lace on the day of cele!rating Saints Feter and Faul "une 0?#, the two rotectors of the town%



S6RRO6<I<S



TH+ S+=+<IC =O6<T*I<S

+verything starts with a tiny flower 2semenic3, actually a

rare flower growing in the wilderness of the mountains%

Therefore, this western Romanian s&i resort was named

after it, as a similarity to the rareness of the !eauty that one

can discover within this uni8ue location% The resort is

located on the mountain with the same name, which is a

art of the )anat =ountains in Caras-Severin County% It is

situated on to of =ount Semenic at an altitude of ',4NNm

at a!out LA &m away from the county caital Resita% It is a

fact that on =ount Semenic, in comarison with the others&i resorts of Romania, the snow gets the thic&est

throughout the year, fre8uently reaching a layer thic&ness

a!ove 0 m, that stretches the s&i season u to the end of

*ril, and sometimes even =ay%



;a&e on the river )arzava used as a

water reservoir for the city of Resita% It

is used to roduce electricity and

water% )uilt in '?N?, Ealiug la&e is

framed !y la&es ozna ustream and

Secu located downstream%

E*;I6 ;*>+



)+6S<IT* 5*T+R.*;;)I*R 5*T+R.*;;



CO=*R<IC C*E+

In '?4, the Romanian

*cademy declared

Comarnic Cave as a

natural reservation%

Today is included in theFrotected <atural

Bones of <ational

Interest%

TH+ <+R* >+YS 2CH+I;+ <+R+I3



TH+ <+R* >+YS - 2CH+I;+ <+R+I3

TH+ +Y+ O. TH+ T6R>ISH <O);+=*< i



TH+ +Y+ O. TH+ T6R>ISH <O);+=*< Q a mysterious !lue la&e that

never freezes% The legend says that it was !orn out of the tragic love !etween a Tur&ish

no!leman and a local sheherdess% The no!lemanKs father wanted to &ill the girl, !ut her

lover defended her !ravely% However, in his fight he lost one of his eyes% Since then, his

eye has never stoed shedding tears for the lost love% This is the sring of the la&e%



P veil a wild

!eauty with rarenatural wonders%

'? &m with more

than 1NN caves

and ( natural

reservations%

TH+ C*R*S >+YS

2CH+I;+ C*R*S6;6I3



C*R*SOE* EI;;*+ Q

the gate to 2Cheile Carasului3

<ational Far&



*<I<*

The *nina-Oravita railway

was the first in Romania,

!uilt in '(1A, it is still in use

today for touristic uroses,and it is one of the most

!eautiful railways in +uroe

due to very ictures8ue

landscaes, viaducts and

long tunnels%

*nina occurs !etween Cheile<erei - )eusnita <ational

Far& and Semenic - Cheile

Carasului <ational Far&,

and due to its natural and

industrial heritage deserves

the status of a geoar&, a

much needed status for suchan imortant geological and

historical area%



H+RC6;*<+ SF*

Town in South-5est Romania "Caras-Severin

county#, situated in the Cerna Ealley, !etween the

=ehedinti =ountains in the east and the Cerna=ountains in the west%

The climate suffers =editerranean influences% The

average annual temerature is of '4C "uly

average 00C anuary average 'C#% 5inters are

mild, summers cool, sring is short and comes

early and autumn is long% The air is owerfully

ionized "0NNN negative ionsGcu%cm#%This is the oldest health resort in Romania, &nown

since the Roman times, when it was called *d

a8uas Hercules sacras "its documentary attestation

as a resort dates !ac& to *%% '1L#, for the

theraeutical effects of the sulhurous, sodic,

calcic, magnesian, thermal waters, used !oth in

internal and e7ternal cures% iven the high

temerature of the mineral waters "L(-ANC# and

the varied mineralization, their hysiologic action

is comle7 and the theraeutical value - matchless%



* * S



TH+ ;*>+ 5ITH TH+ 5*T+R ;Y;I+S



What takes me always back home?Is it the faded innocence of remembrance?

Remember Resita as a world of wonders waiting to be revealed

Documents

Caraş Severin County