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Intellectual tradition

Intellectual traditions refect the writings o 20 th century West

Indian intelligentsia. These writings range rom politics,

economics, history and gender relations.

Objecties and impacts

!. "rican #aribbean thought in the areas o $a%pan&"ricanism,

$b%negritude, and $c%'astaarianism.2. (conomic and political thought in the areas o

$a%industrialisation by initation, $b%)ar*ism and

$c%+ependency theory. #aribbean eminist thought and theories o gender-. Indoaribbean thought

. Indigenous perspecties

/an "ricanism

/an "ricanism was conceptualised in the early !00s by 1enry

ylester and William +u 3ois among others. This concept

emerged because o the growing concern about people o "rican

descent in the diaspora not ully conscious or connected to their

"rican roots. The objecties o the pan&arican moement were

• to create a eeling o oneness among people o "rican

descent in the diaspora

• to create a collectie "rican identity

• to inculcate "rican pride among the people

• to hae a continuous lin4 between the mother land and the

diaspora

Impacts o this moement include

• made #aribbean people more aware o "rican heritage

• helped to reolutionise the thin4ing o #aribbean leaders in

terms o public policy, e.g. the establishment o a local pan&

"rican commission

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• naming o institutions, roads and par4s ater "rican icons

e.g. 5elson )andela par4 in 3arbados, 5elson )andela

highway in 6amaica, 1aile elassi in 6amaica.

• educational e*change programs

• lyrical content o songs done by 3ob )arley and others toe*press solidarity or the motherland when 7ghting or

independence rom (uropean control

• "rican awareness month

• 1airstyles and +ress& cor4screws cornrows locs

5egritude

5egritude is the 8rench ersion o /an&"ricanism andconceptualised by "mie #esaire in !-9. 1e was concerned about

the e*perience o blac4s during slaery and colonialism. 1ence a

sense o blac4 consciousness emerged in the 8rench West Indian

islands. ome objecties o these include

• to create a eeling o oneness among people o "rican

descent in the diaspora

• to create a collectie "rican identity

•

to inculcate "rican pride among the people• to hae a continuous lin4 between the mother land and the

diaspora

Impacts

• negritude has inspired others to write about blac4 heritage

and identity 8ran: 8anom

• instil pride in "rican heritage

• ormation o "rican studies organi:ation

'astaarianism

$see chapter 9 part 2 o global interaction%

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Industrialisation by initation

#onceptualised by William "rthur ;ewis o t. ;ucia. This was to

inite oreign inestors to inest in the #aribbean and the aim

was to transorm the region rom agriculture to manuacture.

 These companies were to be gien special incenties by

respectie goernments. ome o the impacts they had include

• proision o jobs or unemployed people

• they were able to hae access to new mar4ets or goods now

being produced

• they brought oreign e*change into the region

)ar*ism

"n ideological response to (uropean capitalism which was seen as

a orm o e*ploitation o the most ulnerable in society. )ar*ism

embraces erenda.

+ependency theory

 This is e*ploitation o poor countries by the rich countries or their

own gain. There is ine

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e*port their primary hamodities to the rich countires who then

manuacture them and sell them bac4 the poor countires to be

sold. This relationship laid down the oundation o dominance?

dependence which tends to ingender and perpetuaute under

deelopment in poor countries

#aribbean eminist thought

 This deals with issues or emales such as rights, oppurtunities,

treatment and these came to the foor between the !@0s abd

!90s when there was a eminist moement in "merica

Objecties

 The eminist moement wanted to dismantle wor4place ine