Capital Crossroads Meeting__11 3 10

7/29/2019 Capital Crossroads Meeting__11 3 10

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November 3, 2010

Capital Crossroads

Greater Des Moines & Central Iowa


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Steering Committee Meeting#1

Economic context

Market Street

Visioning process

Economic and Demographic Snapshot

Focus group exercise

Project timeline and next steps


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Economic Context


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The Great Recession: Dec 07 Jan 10

Total jobslost duringthis time:

8.35million

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, seasonally adjusted

By January2010, 14.8million were

unemployedand 9.3 millionwere workingpart time,wanting full-

time work.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12


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Monthly Job Change2010

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, seasonally adjusted


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. .sector2009 and 2010 (through

September)

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Moodys Seasonally Adjusted


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Household Net Worth 19812010

Source: United States Census Bureau, Moodys Economy.com

$ ,222222

$ ,2 22 2 22

$ ,222222

$ ,222222

$ ,222222

$ ,222222

$ ,222222

$ ,222222

$ ,222222

$ ,222222

$ ,222222

Average Net Worth of Households and Non Profits, United States(Adjusted for Inflation, dollars)2222

=National Recession

- . %222Q '222-Q '222


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Families in Need

%2

%2

%2

%2

%2

%22

%22

%22

%22

%22

Percentage of Households Receiving Food StampsSource: Food and Drug Administration; Moody's Economy.com

Key Dates:

2222-Mickey Leland Domestic Hunger Relief Act greatly expands benefits.2 2 2 2 -Welfare reform; introduction of TANF leads to restrictions on access and benefits .2222- Food Security and Rural Investment Act reapproves restores eligibility limited in . 22222 2 2 2 - Spike in food stamp receipients due to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.

out of every2households2(June )2222


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The consumer confidence index from a survey of 5,000 U.S. households. Seasonally

adjusted: 1985=100

Source: The Conference Board

Consumer ConfidenceImproving Slightly

.222

2

22

22

22

22

222

222

anFebar Apr ayunuAugepOct ovecaneMar Apr ayunJul ugSept covecaneMar pr MayuneuyAugepcNovecanFebar Apr MayuneuyugepOct

2222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Oct :2222.222Oct :2222 .222Oct :2222.222Oct :2222 .222


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The 2000s

This was the first business cycle where a working-age household ended up worse at the end of it than

the beginning, and this in spite of substantial growthin productivity, which should have been able to

improve everyone's well-being.

Lawrence Mishel

Economic Policy Institute

Washington Post

January 2, 2010


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What do you call a decadelike the 2000s?

The Decade from Hell Andy Serwer, Time Magazine

The Great Leap Backwards Michael Toth,The Frum Forum

The Decade of Disruptions Walter Isaacson, former editor of

Time Magazine

The Lost Decade Paul Krugman, The New York Timesamong others.


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The Lost Decade


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1.The decade of 20002009 was JOBLESS. While wegained 27 million new residents, we lost 985,000

jobs.

2. Four in ten Americans were out of work for 27

weeks or more, the highest since the creation ofunemployment benefits in 1948.

3.The civilian labor force shrunk by 1.5 millionpeople a record since World War II.

4.Total loans at FDIC banks dropped 7.4 percent in2009 the largest drop in 67 years.

5.The Standard & Poors Index (including dividends)from 2000 through 2009 was -9%: a greater loss

than the 1930s.

The Great Recession Has LeftUs

Source: The Economist; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Atlanta Federal Reserve


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6. Number of homes where the mortgage exceededthe value: 1 in 4

7. 79 banks failed during the recession; an additional75 banks have failed since then.

8. Companies with fewer than 50 employeesaccounted for 41 percent of the total job loss inthe great recession. That number is five times itsshare compared to the 2001 recession.

9. Household debt has declined 3.8 percent from itspeak in July 2008 through October 2009. This isthe largest decline since 1943.

10.Auto plants in the Southeastern U.S. lost 6 percent

of their jobs from early 2008 to January 2010. Auto

The Great Recession Has LeftUs

Source: The Economist; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Atlanta Federal Reserve


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State Unemployment RatesSeptember 2010

United States9.6%

Iowa 6.8%Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, seasonally adjusted

California12.4%

Michigan13.0%Rhode Island11.5%South Carolina

11.0%Oregon 10.6%

Nevada 14.4%

Florida 11.9%

Illinois 9.9%Ohio 10.0%

Mississippi 9.8%

Indiana10.1%

Georgia10.0%

Kentucky10.1%

North Carolina9.6%


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EconomicDevelopment

TalentRecruitment

Millenials Generation X

Place Inclusive Options

Educational

Capacity Assets

Attainment

Cooperation Public/private

Inclusive

NaturalResources

Quality Capacity

Attitude Cooperative

Productive

Infrastructure Traditional High-tech

Transportation Access

Options

Economic Development Requirements Now and Future Reality


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Elvis Has Left the Mountain

First, if it is not apparent to youyet, it will be soon: there is no magic

bullet for this economic crisis, no

magic bailout package, no magicstimulusWe are going to have to

learn to live with a lot more

uncertainty for a lot longer than ourgeneration has ever experienced.

Thomas L. Friedman, Author

New York Times


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Market StreetServices


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Background on Market Street

Founded in 1997 as an alternative to traditionaleconomic development firms.

Located in Atlanta, Market Streetmaintains a staffof professionals that excel in economic analysisand helping communities create long-termstrategies for change.

Our commitment is to a definition of economicdevelopment that, at its core, is aboutpersonalwealth creation for all citizens and buildingbetter communities.


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Background on Market Street

Three key principles distinguish our work fromother firms:

Rather than prescribing quick fixes, our goal

is systemic change.

Rather than producing boilerplate studieswhere only the clients name changes, ourgoal isproducing deliverables specific toeach clients situation.

Rather than faceless consultants that maketwo presentations and disappear, our goal is

developing a relationship as partners.


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Market StreetClients

Austin, TX

Nashville and Memphis, TN

Birmingham, AL St. Louis, Springfield, and

Jefferson City, MO

Tulsa, OK

Little Rock, AR

Sioux Falls, SD Coachella Valley, CA

Greenville, SC

Metro Atlanta: Carroll, Clayton,Cobb, Henry, Forsyth, &Gwinnett Counties

Since 1997, Market Streethas worked in morethan 125 communities and 29 states, including:

At the statelevel in:

Alabama Florida Georgia Indiana Missouri North Carolina West Virginia Wyoming


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Market StreetCurrent Clients

In addition to Greater Des Moines, Market Streetiscurrently working in the following communities:

Springfield, Missouri Springfield, Illinois State of Missouri Montgomery, Alabama Northwest Arkansas Cobb County, Georgia DeKalb County, Georgia Alpharetta, Georgia


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Project team

Alex PearlsteinTeam Leader & Project

Manager

Ranada RobinsonProject Associate & Lead

Researcher

J. Mac HolladayCEO & Project

Oversight Leader

Ellen AndersonDirector of Research

Matthew TesterProject Associate

NextGen ConsultingCreative Class &

Talent Recruitment

Jesse WhiteCommunity Capacity &

Social Capital

Amy Holloway

Marketing & Outeach

Senior

Project

Advisors


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Visioning Process


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Study geography

Strategy willfocus onGreater DesMoines but

acknowledgekeycompetitiveissues and

opportunitiesimpacted bythe CentralIowageography Capital Crossroads

Region


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Steering

Committee

Stakeholder Input

Economic and

Demographic Snapshot

Competitive Capacity

Assessment

Target Cluster and

Marketing

Analysis

Implementation Action

Plan

Capital Crossroads Plan

Scope of Work


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Steering Committee

Your commitment: Serve as proxies for key regional constituencies Attend and actively participate in meetings

Review draft reports and provide feedback Make decisions about the regions preferred

future Be an active proponent of the strategy

development and implementation process Build consensus in the community


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Competitive CapacityAssessment

Analyzes Greater Des Moines and Central Iowascompetitiveness as a place for business andtalent

Research indicators reflect those from a typical siteselection process

What issues, challenges, constraints andopportunities affect your community product?

Public input informs and supports thequantitative research


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CCA: People

Talent Development

Early-childhood programs

Primary and secondary school enrollmenttrends

Students eligible for free/reduced pricelunch

High school performance, dropout andgraduation rates, overall and byrace/ethnicity

Presence of alternative-educationmodels/programs

Per pupil expenditures

Student/teacher ratios

High school graduate intentions

Higher education enrollment trends,overall and by race/ethnicity

Inventory and assessment of highereducation degree programs and

Socio-Economics

Poverty rates, overall and byrace/ethnicity

Average wage versus cost-of-

living differential Educational attainment, overall

and by race/ethnicity

Dynamics of per capita income

Teenage pregnancy rates

Teenage idleness and

percentage of youth ages 16 to19 not enrolled in school

Child care capacity and quality


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CCA: Prosperity

Performance and Structure

Milken Institute Best Performing Citiesranking

Moodys Adversity Index performance

Bankruptcy and foreclosure rates Worker productivity

Consumer credit dynamics

Employment trends by sector and sub-sector

Wages by business sector and sub-sector

Location quotient analysis

Business Climate

Tax levies and rates

State and local incentives

Utility rates

Commercial and industrial leaserates

Timeliness and transparency ofpermitting and regulatoryprocesses

Public-private partnershipcapacity

Regional economicpartnerships/networks

Entrepreneurship and Innovation

Financial institution lending dynamics

Venture capital availability

Angel investor networks

Public and private innovation and R&D capacity

Technology transfer and commercialization trends


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CCA: Place

Infrastructure

Availability of development sites, landand buildings

Transportation infrastructure

Priority Transportation Improvement Plan(TIP) projects

Utilities and telecommunicationsinfrastructure

Class I Rail access and multimodaldistribution capacity

Airport passenger and freight traffic

Arts, Culture &Environment

Arts and culture amenities

Downtown vitality

Professional and collegiatesports teams

Environmental quality andconditions

Active and passive park andrecreation spaces

Bike and pedestrianinfrastructure

Livability and Community Capacity

Cost of living

Housing cost, affordability and condition

Homeownership and rental rates, overall and as a percentage of income

Heath care capacity and percentage of uninsured residents

Public safety rates and trends

Traffic congestion


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Comparison Communities

Selected with input of client partners

RegionTotalPop.

(2009)

Pop.Change(00-09)

% WhitePCI

(2009)

PCIGrowth(00-09)

Empl.Growth(00-09)

%ServiceSectors

%Manufng.

% BA+(2008)

Des Moines-West Des Moines, IAMSA

562,906 16.49%

85.38%

$41,790

30.23% 7.33% 87.79% 6.64% 32.90%

Geographic Proximity

Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA MSA 849,51710.45

%80.48

%$42,41

230.82% 0.56% 84.96% 8.39%

31.66%

Choice Communities

Madison, WI MSA 570,02513.09

%85.44

%$42,94

628.06% 5.86% 82.71% 11.32%

39.78%

Aspirational MetrosDenver-Aurora-Broomfield, COMSA

2,552,195

16.32%

66.54%

$45,982

19.80% -1.79% 85.97% ND37.51

%


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Stakeholder Input Process

Qualitative information gathering

Complements data research and builds localconsensus on key issues and solutions

Input sessions are ongoing through Novemberand early December

50 one-on-one interviews 30 focus groups

Iowa State conducting 15 of the focus groups as

an in-kind contribution to the Capital Crossroadsproject

Online survey will be posted on a web pagecorresponding to the visioning process

A way to engage hundreds of additional stakeholders A s ecific surve for oun rofessionals also develo ed

T t Cl t d M k ti


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Target Cluster and MarketingAnalysis

Reviews business location/expansion decisionfactors

Begins with an overview of the decision making processof relocating and expanding businesses

Confirms existing and analyzes emerging targets

Recommends key targets for Greater Des Moinesto pursue

Based on the Capital Crossroads regions corporate and

research strengths, workforce capacity, wealth-creationpotential and national industry trends

Marketing advisor Amy Holloway will review:

Regional websites External and internal marketin ro rams


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Capital Crossroads strategy

Focus is on taking community to the next level ofcompetitiveness

Culmination of all prior research components

Recommendation of goals, objectives, and actionsteps to prioritize future Greater Des Moines andCentral Iowa investments for the coming five-year period

References best practices and providesbenchmarks and performance measures


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Implementation Plan

Critical to the success of the Capital Crossroadsstrategy

Key components: Identification of lead and support implementation

entities Program assessments and recommended

enhancements

Funding allocation analysis and recommendations Action timelines for implementation developed for

each program year Discussion of new and/or enhanced partnerships

necessary for effective implementation


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Key questions

How can the Capital Crossroads regions growth bemost sustainable?

What will that growth look like, and where/how will itbe focused?

How big is too big? Is there such a thing as too big? How can the Capital Crossroads area grow, but retain

the qualities that people cherish about the region?

What employment sectors will drive the regionaleconomy and how can they best be supported?

Does the regional training pipeline effectivelyprepare students and adults for locally available, high-value jobs?

What could be the transformative projects/efforts thatreally move the region forward in the coming years?

How can quality of life continue to play a key role in


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The big picture

Communities that have been successful inimplementation: The strategy and implementation become their focus and

playbook

Understand that being competitive will likely require increasedcapacity

Holistic focus and a willingness to take on the hard issues

And those that have not: Disengaged steering committee

Satisfied with the status quo


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Economic and Demographic

Snapshot



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Economic and DemographicSnapshot

Provides a shared understanding of the regionstrends.

Underpins the more specific analysis of theCompetitive Climate Assessment.



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Economic and DemographicSnapshot

Des Moines MSA Dallas, Guthrie, Madison, Polk,

Warren counties

Central Iowa Des Moines MSA Ames MSA (Story County) Newton MiSA (Jasper County) Pella MiSA (Marion County)

Marshalltown MiSA (MarshallCounty)

Boone MiSA (Boone County)

Benchmark MSAs Denver, Colorado; Madison, Wisconsin; Omaha, Nebraska

State of Iowa and the U.S.


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Population Growth

2222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Change,

-22222222

City of Des Moines ,222222 ,2 2 2 2 2 2 ,2 2 2 2 2 2 . %222 . %222 ,2 2 2 2

Central Iowa ,222222 ,222222 ,222222 . %2222 . %222 ,22222

Des Moines MSA ,222222 ,222222 ,222222 . %2222 . %222 ,22222

Ames MSA ,22222 ,22222 ,22222 . %222 . %222 ,2222

Boone MiSA ,22222 ,22222 ,22222 - . %222 - . %222 ( )222

Marshalltown MiSA ,22222 ,22222 ,22222 - . %222 . %222 222

Newton MiSA ,22222 ,22222 ,22222 - . %222 - . %222 ( )222

Pella MiSA ,22222 ,22222 ,22222 . %222 . %222 222

Change,

-22222222

Population, , ,222222222222

Source: Population Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau


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Population Growth

2222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Change,

-22222222

Des Moines MSA ,222222 ,222222 ,222222 . %2222 . %222 ,22222

Denver, CO MSA , ,2222222 , ,2222222 , ,2222222 . %2222 . %222 ,222222Madison, WI MSA ,222222 ,222222 ,222222 . %2222 . %222 ,22222

Omaha, NE MSA ,222222 ,222222 ,222222 . %2222 . %222 ,22222

Iowa , ,2222222 , ,2222222 , ,2222222 . %222 . %222 ,22222

United States , ,222222222 , ,222222222 , ,222222222 . %222 . %222 , ,22222222

Population, , ,222222222222


Change,

-22222222

Components of Population


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Components of PopulationChange

. %222

. %222

. %2 2 2

. %222

. %2 2 2

. %2 2 2

. %22

. %222

. %222

. %222

. %222

. %222

. %222

. %222

. %222

. %222

. %222

%2 %22 %22 %22 %22 %222

United States

Omaha, NE MSA

Madison, WI MSA

Denver, CO MSA

Central Iowa

Des Moines MSA

Components of Population Change,2222-2 2 2 2Source: Population Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau

Natural Change

Domestic Migration

International Migration

omponen s o opu a on


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omponen s o opu a onChange:In-Migration

Top Metros for Net In-Migration

Ames, IA MSA ,2222

Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA MSA ,2 2 2 2

Cedar Rapids, IA MSA 222

Iowa City, IA MSA 2 2 2

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA MSA 222

Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, IL-IN-WI MSA 222

Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA 222

Sioux City, IA-NE-SD MSA 222

Lincoln, NE MSA 222

Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA MSA 222

Kansas City, MO-KS MSA 222

Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI MSA 222

San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA MSA 222

Dubuque, IA MSA 222

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA MSA 222

Top Feeder Metros Fueling Growth intheDes Moines MSA, 2004-2008

Source: Internal Revenue Service

Non-metro counties

in Iowa accountedfor 3,997 in-migrants intometro Des Moinesduring this time.

Important toconsider long-termimplications ofthese migrationdynamics.

omponen s o opu a on


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omponen s o opu a onChange:Out-Migration

Top Destination Metros for Out-migratingDes Moines MSA residents, 2004-2008

Source: Internal Revenue Service

Top Metros for Net Out-Migration

Denver-Aurora-Broomfield, CO MSA -222

Phoenix-Mesa-Glendale, AZ MSA -222

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA MSA -222

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX MSA -222

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV MSA -222

St. Louis, MO-IL MSA -222

Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX MSA -222

Niles-Benton Harbor, MI MSA -22

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA MSA -22

Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL MSA -22

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA -22

Raleigh-Cary, NC MSA -22

San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX MSA -22

Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX MSA -22

Albuquerque, NM MSA -22


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Age Dynamics


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Diversity


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Per Capita Income

2222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Change,

-22222222

Change,

-22222222

Des Moines MSA $ ,22222 $ ,2 2 2 22 $ ,22222 . %2222 . %2222

Central Iowa $ ,22222 $ ,22222 $ ,22222 . %2222 . %2222

Denver, CO MSA $ ,22222 $ ,22222 $ ,22222 . %2222 . %2222

Madison, WI MSA $ ,22222 $ ,22222 $ ,22222 . %2222 . %2222

Omaha, NE MSA $ ,22222 $ ,22222 $ ,22222 . %2222 . %2222

Iowa $ ,22222 $ ,22222 $ ,22222 . %2222 . %2222

United States $ ,22222 $ ,22222 $ ,22222 . %2222 . %2222

Per Capita Income, , ,222222222222



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Job and Wage Dynamics

Q22222 -Yr Change2 -Yr Change2

Des Moines, IA MSA ,222222 - . %22 . %22

Central Iowa ,2 2 2 2 2 2 - . %22 . %22

Denver, CO MSA , ,2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - . %22 . %22

Madison, WI MSA ,222222 - . %22 - . %22

Omaha, NE MSA ,222222 - . %22 . %22

Iowa , ,2222222 - . %22 - . %22

United States , ,222222222 - . %22 - . %22

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Total Employment, First Quarter 2222

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Average Annual Wages, 2004-2009Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics


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Poverty

2222 2222 Change 2222 2222 Change

City of Des Moines . %222 . %2 2 2 . %22 . %222 . %222 . %222

Des Moines MSA . %22 . %2 2 2 . %22 . %22 . %222 . %22

Des Moines +Ames MSA . %22 . %222 . %22 . %22 . %222 . %22

Denver, CO MSA . %22 . %222 . %22 . %222 . %222 . %22

Madison, WI MSA . %22 . %222 . %22 . %22 . %222 . %22

Omaha, NE MSA . %22 . %222 . %22 . %222 . %222 . %22

Iowa . %22 . %222 . %22 . %222 . %222 . %22

United States . %222 . %222 . %22 . %222 . %222 . %22

Total Poverty Child Poverty

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Poverty, &22222222


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Educational Attainment

. %222. %22 . %22 . %2 2 2 . %22 . %

22 . %22. %222

. %222

. %222 . %222 . %222 . %222 . %222

. %222. %222

. %222

. %222 . %222 . %222. %222

. %222

. %222 . %222

. %22

. %22 . %22 . %22. %22

. %22

. %222. %22

. %222

. %222 . %222. %222

. %222

. %222

. %222. %222

. %22 . %22 . %222 . %222 . %222. %222 . %22 . %222

%2

%22

%22

%22

%22

%22

%22

%22

%22

%22

%222

City of Des

Moines

Des Moines

MSA

Des Moines +

Ames MSA

Denver, CO

MSA

Madison, WI

MSA

Omaha, NE

MSA

Iowa United States

Educational Attainment of Adults +,22222Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Advanced degree

Bachelor's degree

Associate degree

Some college

HS Diploma

No HS Diploma

Job and Wage Dynamics:


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Job and Wage Dynamics:Central Iowa

Q2 2222 -Yr Change2 -Yr Change2

Boone County ,2222 - . %2 2 - . %2 2

Dallas County ,22222 . %22 . %222

Guthrie County ,2 2 2 2 - . %2 2 . %22

Jasper County ,22222 - . %22 - . %222

Madison County ,2222 - . %22 . %22

Marion County ,22222 - . %22 - . %22

Marshall County ,22222 - . %22 - . %22

Polk County ,222222 - . %22 . %22

Story County ,22222 - . %22 . %22

Warren County ,2222 - . %22 . %22


Total Employment by County, First Quarter2222

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Average Annual Wages by County, 2004-2009Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics


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Entrepreneurship

Strong % increase in sole proprietorship, relative to the stateand benchmark regions.

Receipts are above state and national figures and haveexhibited solid growth.

2222 2 2 2 2 Change Total

Per

Proprietor

Change Since

2222

Des Moines, IA MSA ,22222 ,2 2 2 2 2 . %22 $ , ,2222222 .2222$ . %2 2 2

Central Iowa ,22222 ,2 2 2 2 2 . %22 $ , ,2222222 .2222$ . %222

Denver, CO MSA ,222222 ,222222 . %22 $ , ,2222222 .2222$ . %222

Madison, WI MSA ,22222 ,22222 . %22 $ , ,2222222 .2222$ - . %222

Omaha, NE MSA ,22222 ,22222 . %22 $ , ,2222222 .2222$ . %22

Iowa ,222222 ,222222 . %22 $ , ,2222222 .2222$ . %222

United States , ,22222222 , ,22222222 . %22 $ , ,222222222 .2222$ . %22

Sole Proprietors Receipts ($ , ),22222222

Entrepreneurship Dynamics, &22222222

Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis


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Unemployment

2222 -Yr Change2 -Yr Change2

City of Des Moines . %22 . %22 . %22

Des Moines, IA MSA . %22 . %22 . %2 2

Central Iowa . %22 . %22 . %22

Denver, CO MSA . %22

. %22

. %22

Madison, WI MSA . %22 . %2 2 . %22

Omaha, NE MSA . %22 . %22 . %22

Iowa . %22 . %22 . %22

United States . %22 . %22 . %22

Annual Unemployment Rate,2222


Des Moines,

IA MSA

Denver, CO

MSA

Madison, WI

MSA

Omaha, NE

MSA Iowa United States

Aug-22 . %22 . %22 . %22 . %22 . %22 . %22

Monthly Unemployment Rate, August2222



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Labor Force Participation

2222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Change,

-22222222

Change,

-22222222

Des Moines, IA MSA . %222 . %2 2 2 . %2 2 2 - . %2 2 - . %2 2

Central Iowa . %222 . %2 2 2 . %222 - . %22 - . %22

Denver, CO MSA . %2 2 2 . %222 . %222 - . %22 - . %22

Madison, WI MSA . %222 . %222 . %222 - . %22 - . %22

Omaha, NE MSA . %222 . %222 . %222 - . %22 - . %22

Iowa . %222 . %222 . %222 . %22 . %22

United States . %222 . %222 . %222 - . %22 - . %22

Labor Force Participation Rates, Ages +22

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Census Bureau


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Final thoughts

The future is not a result of choicesamong alternative paths offered by

the present, but a place that is

created first in mind, next in will, thenin activity. The future is not some

place we are going to, but a place we

are creating. The paths are not to bediscovered, but made, and the activityof making the future changes both the

maker and the destination.Anonymous


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Thank you.

Documents

Capital Crossroads Meeting__11 3 10