Cancer Statistics, 1996s3.amazonaws.com/zanran_storage/caonline.amcancersoc.org/Conte…the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths for 1996 are presented according to sex, site, and

We present incidence, mortality, and sur-vival statistics to provide a perspective onthe patterns of cancer occurrence in theUnited States population. Estimates ofthe numbers of new cancer cases anddeaths for 1996 are presented accordingto sex, site, and state. We also present in-formation on cancer and noncancer mor-tality, the probability of developing can-cer at certain ages, and cancer survival inadults and children.

Incidence

Because no nationwide cancer registryexists, there is no way of knowing exactlyhow many new cases of cancer are diag-nosed annually in the United States. Weuse cancer incidence data collected by theNational Cancer Institute’s Surveillance,Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)program and US population data collect-ed by the Bureau of the Census to esti-mate the number of new cancer cases thatare expected to be diagnosed in the com-

ing year (Table 1).1-3 The SEER programcurrently tabulates cancer data from ninepopulation-based cancer registries in thefollowing states and metropolitan areas:Connecticut, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico,Utah, San Francisco-Oakland, Detroit,Seattle, and Atlanta. These registries,which cover about 10 percent of the USpopulation, are useful for monitoring theoccurrence of cancer for the nation.1

We calculated the 1996 estimates ofnew cancer cases using a two–step proce-dure. First, we applied incidence ratesfrom the SEER program for 1979–1992to the US Census Bureau’s populationprojections for the same years to estimatethe number of cancer cases diagnosedyearly from 1979 through 1992.1-3 We fit-ted these annual estimates to a quadraticfunction that is used to project an esti-mate of the number of new cancer casesexpected to be diagnosed in 1996.4,5 Someadditional adjustments were made for se-lected sites with recent variations in theestimated number of cases diagnosed.Cancer sites that were adjusted includethe mouth, prostate, and thyroid in malesand the eye, corpus and unspecifieduterus, and selected other and unspeci-fied sites in females.

The estimated number of new can-cer cases for each state was calculated us-ing 1996 estimates of new cancer cases forthe United States and 1996 estimates ofcancer deaths for each state (Table 3).For each cancer site, state estimates ofnew cancer cases were calculated by ap-portioning the number of new cases forthe United States as a whole according tothe distribution of estimated state cancer

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7

Vol. 46 No. 1 January/February 1996 5

Cancer Statistics, 1996

Sheryl L. Parker, MSPHTony Tong, MSSherry Bolden, BAPhyllis A. Wingo, PhD, MS

Ms. Parker is an Epidemiologist in the Departmentof Epidemiology and Surveillance of the AmericanCancer Society in Atlanta, Georgia.

Mr. Tong is a Research Analyst in the Departmentof Epidemiology and Surveillance of the AmericanCancer Society in Atlanta, Georgia.

Ms. Bolden is a Program Specialist in theDepartment of Epidemiology and Surveillance ofthe American Cancer Society in Atlanta, Georgia.

Dr. Wingo is Director of the Surveillance Branch ofthe Department of Epidemiology and Surveillanceof the American Cancer Society in Atlanta,Georgia.

The authors thank Belinda Hill for her assistance inthe preparation of this manuscript.

deaths in 1996 (see mortality section foradditional information on the estimationprocess).

MortalityMortality data on the number of cancerdeaths that occur in the United Stateseach year are collected and compiled bythe National Center for Health Statistics(NCHS).6 We calculated the US esti-mates of cancer mortality for 1996 by fit-ting the number of cancer deaths report-ed for 1979-1992 to a quadratic functionthat is used to project an estimate of thenumber of cancer deaths expected to oc-cur in 1996 (Table 2).4,5 Estimates ofstate–specific cancer deaths were calcu-lated using the same model fitted with theactual number of reported deaths occur-ring in each state from 1979 through 1992(Table 4). Some additional adjustmentswere made for selected sites with recentvariations in the estimated number ofdeaths. Cancer sites with such adjust-ments include other and unspecified sitesin males and stomach, cervix uteri, andother and unspecified sites in females.

The reported number of deaths in1992 that we present in this report werecompiled using the most recent dataavailable from NCHS (Tables 6-9 and12). Mortality rates were calculated usingnumber of deaths reported to NCHS andUS population data from the Bureau ofthe Census (Tables 7 and 12, Figs. 3 and4). All rates are standardized to the agedistribution of the 1970 Census popula-tion. Age standardization is a statisticalmethod used to remove the effects of agedifferences between populations for com-parison purposes.7

Cancer in MinoritiesWe present US mortality data on the 10leading sites of cancer death for minoritypopulations (Table 10). Reported cancerdeaths are based on the underlying causeof death as coded on death certificates for

whites, African Americans, Native Amer-icans, Asians and Pacific Islanders, andHispanics in 1992.6 Cancer deaths amongHispanic persons are presented only forthe 48 states that record Hispanic originon death certificates. In 1990 these statesaccounted for about 99.6 percent of theHispanic population in the UnitedStates.8

Probability of Developing CancerEstimated probabilities of developinginvasive cancers at certain ages were cal-culated by applying age-specific inci-dence and mortality rates from theSEER program for the years 1990-1992to a hypothetical group of 10 millionpersons (Table 5).1,9 For each five-yearage interval from ages 0-4 through ages95 and older, the number of persons de-veloping a specific cancer and the num-ber of persons dying from other causeswere calculated. The probability of be-ing diagnosed with a specific cancer dur-ing a given age interval was estimated bydividing the number of persons develop-ing cancer in that interval by the numberof persons alive and free of that cancerat the beginning of the interval. The life-time probability of developing a specificcancer was estimated by summing allcancer cases that occurred in the hypo-thetical group from ages 0 through 95and older and dividing by 10 million.This procedure for estimating intervaland lifetime cancer risk does not assumethat all persons live to the end of an ageinterval or to any fixed age. It also doesnot take into account individual behav-iors and risk factors. For example, theestimated 5.38 percent of females likelyto develop lung cancer is a low estimatefor smokers and a high estimate for per-sons who do not smoke.

SurvivalFive-year relative survival rates are com-monly used to monitor progress in the

C a n c e r S t a t i s t i c s 1 9 9 6

6 Ca—A cancer Journal for Clinicians

early detection and treatment of cancer.The rates are calculated by dividing thesurvival rate observed among a group ofcancer patients by the rate for persons inthe general population who are similarwith respect to age, sex, race, and calen-dar year of observation. Five-year rela-tive survival rates are reasonable indica-tors of the average survival experience ofcancer patients in a given population, butthey are less informative when used topredict individual prognosis. The inter-pretation of five-year relative survivalrates is difficult because the rates arebased on patients whose treatment re-flected methods of medical practice atleast eight years ago and also because anincrease or decrease in survival may becaused by several factors, includingchanges in early detection techniques andin treatment strategies.

We present five-year relative sur-vival rates by site, race, and stage at diag-nosis for cases diagnosed during the years1986-1991 (Fig. 6), as well as trend datafrom 1960 through 1991 for adults andchildren (Tables 11 and 13).1,10 The rela-tive survival rates are based on the fol-low-up of patients through 1993 as re-ported to the SEER program.

Cancer Around the WorldInternational mortality rates were calcu-lated from data made available by theWorld Health Organization (WHO)(Table 14), age-adjusted to the WHOstandard world population.11

Mortality data from China were re-ported for certain urban and rural areasin the eastern half of the country and in-cluded about 10 percent of the total Chi-nese population.

Data LimitationsOur estimates of new cases and deathshave limitations and should be interpret-ed with caution when used to study pat-terns in the occurrence of cancer. Al-

though the estimates are based on themost recent data, they are computed be-fore the year begins and based on datathat are at least three years old. Othersources of cancer data may be helpful forinterpreting these data. Incidence andsurvival statistics are based only on inva-sive cancers, except for cancer of the uri-nary bladder, which includes carcinomain situ.1 The number of deaths for minori-ties is likely to be underestimated due tounderreporting of Asian, Pacific Islander,and Native American race and Hispanicethnicity on death certificates.8

References1. Kosary CL, Ries LAG, Miller BA, et al: SEERCancer Statistics Review, 1973–1992: Tables andGraphs (NIH Pub. 95–2789). Bethesda, Md,National Cancer Institute, 1995.2. United States Bureau of the Census: CurrentPopulation Reports, P–25–1104, PopulationProjections of the United States, by Age, Sex, Race,and Hispanic Origin: 1993 to 2050. Washington,DC, Government Printing Office, 1993.3. United States Bureau of the Census: CurrentPopulation Reports, PPL–21, U.S. PopulationEstimates by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin:1990 to 1994. Washington, DC, GovernmentPrinting Office, 1995.4. Box GEP, Jenkins GM: Time Series Analysis:Forecasting and Control. San Francisco,Holden–Day, 1976.5. SAS Institute Inc.: The Forecast Procedure, inSAS/ETS User’s Guide, Version 6, First Edition.Cary, North Carolina, SAS Institute Inc., 1988.6. National Center for Health Statistics: VitalStatistics of the United States, 1992. Washington,DC, Public Health Service, 1995.7. Fleiss J: Statistical Methods for Rates andProportions. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1981.8. Kochanek KD, Hudson B: Advance Report ofFinal Mortality Statistics, 1992. Monthly VitalStatistics Report; Vol 43, No 6, Suppl. Hyattsville,MD, National Center for Health Statistics, 1995.9. Feuer EJ, Wun LM, Boring CC, et al: The life-time risk of developing breast cancer. J Natl CancerInst 1993;85:892–897.10. Sondik EJ, Young JL, Horm JW, et al: 1985Annual Cancer Statistics Review (NIH Pub.86–2789). Bethesda, Md, National Cancer Institute,1986.11. World Health Organization: World HealthStatistics Annuals, 1987–1993. Geneva, Switzer-land, World Health Organization.

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7




All Sites

*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinomas except bladder. Carcinoma in situ of the breast accounts for about 30,000 new cases annually, and melanoma carcinoma in situ accounts for about 17,300 new cases annually. Basal and squamous cell skin cancers account for more than 800,000 new cases annually.

1,359,150

} (COLON-RECTUM)

} (UTERUS)

764,300 594,850

Total Male Female

Table 1Estimated New Cancer Cases by Sex for All Sites, US,1996*

Buccal Cavity & Pharynx (ORAL) Lip Tongue Mouth Pharynx

Digestive Organs Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Rectum Liver and Biliary Passages Pancreas Other and Unspecified Digestive

Respiratory System Larynx LUNG Other & Unspecified Respiratory

Bone

Connective Tissue

Melanoma of Skin

BREAST

Reproductive Organs Cervix Uteri Corpus & Unspecified Ovary Other & Unspecified Reproductive, Female Prostate Testis Other & Unspecified Reproductive, Male

Urinary Organs Bladder Kidney & Other Urinary

Eye

Brain & Central Nervous System

Endocrine Glands Thyroid Other Endocrine

Leukemia Lymphocytic Leukemia Myelocytic Leukemia Other & Unspecified Leukemia

Other Blood & Lymph Tissues Hodgkin's Disease Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Multiple Myeloma

All Other & Unspecified Sites

29,490 3,190 5,900

11,300 9,100

222,500 12,300 22,800 4,600

94,500 39,000 19,900 26,300 3,100

193,900 11,600

177,000 5,300

2,500

6,400

38,300

185,700

407,800 15,700 34,000 26,700 5,700

317,100 7,400 1,200

83,500 52,900 30,600

1,930

17,900

17,030 15,600 1,430

27,600 11,000 12,800 3,800

74,600 7,500

52,700 14,400

50,000

9,390 690

1,900 4,100 2,700

104,700 2,900 8,800 2,200

49,000 16,900 9,100 13,900 1,900

81,700 2,400

78,100 1,200

1,300

2,900

16,500

184,300

82,100 15,700 34,000 26,700 5,700

26,700 14,600 12,100

930

7,500

12,330 11,600

730

12,300 4,600 6,200 1,500

33,000 3,500

22,800 6,700

19,200

20,100 2,500 4,000 7,200 6,400

117,800 9,400

14,000 2,400

45,500 22,100 10,800 12,400 1,200

112,200 9,200

98,900 4,100

1,200

3,500

21,800

1,400

325,700

317,100 7,400 1,200

56,800 38,300 18,500

1,000

10,400

4,700 4,000

700

15,300 6,400 6,600 2,300

41,600 4,000

29,900 7,700

30,800

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7


All Sites

*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinomas except bladder. †Includes about 2,100 nonmelanoma skin cancer deaths.

554,740

} (COLON-RECTUM)

} (UTERUS)

292,300 262,440

Total Male Female

Table 2Estimated Cancer Deaths by Sex for All Sites, US,1996*

Buccal Cavity & Pharynx (ORAL) Lip Tongue Mouth Pharynx

Digestive Organs Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Rectum Liver and Biliary Passages Pancreas Other and Unspecified Digestive

Respiratory System Larynx LUNG Other & Unspecified Respiratory

Bone

Connective Tissue

Melanoma of Skin

BREAST

Reproductive Organs Cervix Uteri Corpus & Unspecified Ovary Other & Unspecified Reproductive, Female Prostate Testis Other & Unspecified Reproductive, Male

Urinary Organs Bladder Kidney & Other Urinary

Eye

Brain & Central Nervous System

Endocrine Glands Thyroid Other Endocrine

Leukemia Lymphocytic Leukemia Myelocytic Leukemia Other & Unspecified Leukemia

Other Blood & Lymph Tissues Hodgkin's Disease Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Multiple Myeloma

All Other & Unspecified Sites†

8,260110

1,750 2,400 4,000

125,410 11,200 14,000 1,140

46,400 8,500 15,200 27,800

1,170

164,380 4,250

158,7001,430

1,380

3,700

7,300

44,560

68,890 4,900 6,000

14,800 1,20041,400

370 220

23,70011,700 12,000

250

13,300

1,9001,210

690

21,000 6,6008,900

5,500

35,210 1,510

23,30010,400

35,500

2,88030

6501,1001,100

58,220 2,700

5,700600

23,700 3,800

6,800 14,200

720

65,830 950

64,300580

610

1,900

2,700

44,300

26,900 4,900 6,000

14,800 1,200

8,600 3,900 4,700

100

6,100

1,140770370

9,400 2,9003,900

2,600

16,660 660

10,900 5,100

17,100

5,380 80

1,100 1,300 2,900

67,190 8,500 8,300

540 22,700

4,700 8,400

13,600450

98,550 3,30094,400

850

770

1,800

4,600

260

41,990

41,400 370220

15,100 7,800 7,300

150

7,200

760440

320

11,600 3,700 5,000

2,900

18,550 850

12,400 5,300

18,400



United States†

*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinomas except bladder.†State estimates may not add to US total due to rounding.

StateFemaleBreast

Colon &Rectum Lung Oral

CervixUteri

184,300 133,500 177,000 29,490 15,700 317,100 38,300 52,900 27,6001,359,150

All Sites Prostate

SkinMela-noma Bladder

Leu-kemia

Table 3Estimated New Cancer Cases by Site and State, US, 1996*

AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCalifornia ColoradoConnecticutDelawareDist. of Col.Florida

GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaine

MarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew Hampshire

New JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode Island

South CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyoming

2,800190

2,6001,900

17,1002,1002,000

660590

11,900

3,800530710

9,5004,1002,6001,8002,6003,2001,000

3,6004,6006,5003,0001,9003,600

6101,300

960870

7,1001,000

14,4004,800

5408,9001,8002,000

11,400990

2,600620

3,70011,500

860360

4,5003,5001,3003,700

350

1,700120

1,8001,600

11,8001,5001,700

430430

8,800

2,600480470

6,6003,1001,7001,3002,3002,100

750

2,8004,1005,3002,4001,3002,900

400810690580

4,800530

9,7003,700

3306,2001,6001,4008,200

750

2,100360

3,0008,500

670280

2,8002,2001,2002,600

170

3,200170

2,8002,500

15,2001,6002,200

580360

13,600

4,200570540

7,7004,4001,9001,7003,7003,2001,100

3,4004,2006,6002,4001,9004,500

570970

1,200740

5,200700

11,7005,200

3808,4002,5002,4009,600

770

2,600450

4,20011,700

450420

4,1003,4001,7003,000

230

29040

440310

3,200350400210140

2,500

680130120

1,500400210290480560240

66083099043049046080

180120180

950220

1,80094060

1,000170330

1,20090

48050

5802,400

7040

68055026057040

22020

150200

1,8001601106050

1,200

2103030

76038017014031015060

310300620170200420403090

100

44090

1,30036010

77024012097050

24030

3001,300

8040

33018010028020

4,900290

5,2004,200

29,5004,1004,400

980810

24,700

7,6001,1001,400

14,2006,1003,9003,2004,3005,6001,700

6,4007,900

12,0005,5004,1006,9001,2002,0001,6001,500

10,0001,500

20,2009,7001,200

13,5004,2004,100

18,200920

4,9001,0006,000

18,0001,900

5307,4006,1002,2007,400

510

79020

670280

4,50061056012010

2,700

79070

1401,700

830470600630550190

640

1,100980540310

1,000110120250180

1,200300

2,2001,200

901,300

470640

2,000170

43090

9102,400

42010093085030069040

70050

760460

5,000630810280140

4,300

780140130

2,4001,200

780370760590240

9501,8002,200

830260

1,100180270200290

2,100250

4,0001,300

1902,600

600710

3,000310

800230

1,0002,800

210120

1,2001,000

6301,200

50

50010

550280

2,8003303706070

1,900

63060

1001,400

640400320440500160

430680

1,00059029065010013016080

900160

1,80070080

1,200330350

1,500110

30090

4901,800

11050

61059022053050

22.9001,300

21,20015,300

125,80014,30017,5004,2003,700

97,200

30,6004,8004,800

63,80031,10016,30013,40023,00022,5008,000

26,00035,30050,60022,20015,00031,0004,5008,2008,0006,000

45,1006,700

94,50038,5003,700

61,90016,90017,10077,5006,100

19,5003,900

28,40084,2005,5002,900

31,60026,00011,80027,1002,000

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7


United States†

StateFemaleBreast

Colon &Rectum Lung Oral

CervixUteri

44,300 54,900 158,700 8,260 4,900 41,400 7,300 11,700 21,000

ReportedMortality Rate

per 100,000

173

Estimated Number of Deaths

Prostate

SkinMela-noma Bladder

Leu-kemia

AllSites

554,740

AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCalifornia ColoradoConnecticutDelawareDist. of Col.Florida

GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaine

MarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew Hampshire

New JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode Island

South CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyoming

67050

620470

4,100500470160140

2,800

910130170

2,300990620440620770240

8701,1001,600

730460860150300230210

1,700240

3,5001,100

1302,100

430490

2,700240

620150880

2,80021090

1,10083032088080

70050

750640

4,800620710180170

3,600

1,100200190

2,7001,300

720530940870310

1,2001,7002,200

970550

1,200160330280240

2,000220

4,0001,500

1402,500

670570

3,400310

880150

1,2003,500

270110

1,100910500

1,10070

2,900150

2,5002,300

13,7001,4002,000

520320

12,200

3,800510480

6,9003,9001,7001,6003,3002,900

970

3,1003,8005,9002,2001,7004,000

510870

1,100660

4,700630

10,5004,600

3407,5002,2002,1008,600

690

2,400410

3,80010,500

400380

3,6003,1001,5002,700

200

8010

12090

8801001106040

700

1904030

4301106080

14016070

19023028012014013020503050

27060

51026020

2905090

34030

14010

1606802010

19016070

16010

70105060

56050302010

370

701010

2401205040

1005020

10090

1905060

13010103030

14030

400110

52408040

30020

801090

4103010

10060309010

64040

680550

3,900540570130110

3,200

990150190

1,900800510420560730220

8401,0001,600

720530900160260210200

1,300200

2,6001,300

1501,800

550530

2,400120

650130790

2,30024070

96079029097070

1505

13050

860120110205

510

1501030

32016090

11012010040

12021019010060

20020205030

23060

43023020

25090

12039030

8020

1704608020

18016060

13010

16010

170100

1,1001401806030

950

1703030

53027017080

17013050

21040049018060

24040604060

47060

90030040

57013016066070

18050

2306105030

26023014026010

38010

420210

2,1002502805060

1,400

4805080

1,100480300240340380120

33052080045022050080

10012060

680120

1,30053060

920250270

1,20090

23070

3801,300

8040

46045017040040

180172158179163147168195225167

176138149180178160160192195185

191180178158181176162158184180

184146174174159180170168179181

178154178169126174180165183166156

9,400540

8,6006,300

51,3005,8007,1001,7001,500

39,700

12,500 1,900

1,90026,00012,7006,7005,4009,4009,2003,300

10,60014,40020,6009,0006,100

12,6001,8003,3003,3002,500

18,4002,800

38,60015,7001,500

25,3006,9007,000

31,6002,500

8,0001,600

11,60034,4002,3001,200

12,90010,6004,800

11,100830

Table 4Cancer Mortality by Site and State, US, 1996*

*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinomas except bladder.†State estimates may not add to US total due to rounding.



3%

3%

13%

2%

2%

9%

41%

7%

6%

14%

Melanoma of Skin

Oral

Lung

Pancreas

Stomach

Colon & Rectum

Prostate

Urinary

Leukemia & Lymphomas

All Other

3%

2%

31%

13%

2%

11%

4%

3%

6%

4%

6%

15%

Melanoma of Skin

Oral

Breast

Lung

Pancreas

Colon & Rectum

Ovary

Cervix Uteri

Corpus & Unspecified Uterus

Urinary


All Other

*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and carcinoma in situ except bladder.

2%

2%

32%

5%

3%

9%

14%

5%

9%

19%

Melanoma of Skin

Oral

Lung

Pancreas

Stomach

Colon & Rectum

Prostate

Urinary


All Other

1%

1%

17%

25%

5%

10%

6%

2%

2%

3%

8%

20%

Melanoma of Skin

Oral

Breast

Lung

Pancreas

Colon & Rectum

Ovary

Cervix Uteri


Urinary


All Other

Figure 11996 Estimated New Cancer Cases, United States

Percent Distribution of Sites by Sex*

Figure 21996 Estimated Cancer Deaths, United States

Percent Distribution of Sites by Sex*

*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and carcinoma in situ except bladder.

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7


Birth

to 3

9 40

to 5

960

to 7

9 Ev

er

Year

sYe

ars

Year

s(B

irth

to D

eath

)

All s

ites

Mal

e1.

73 (1

in 5

8)7.

99 (1

in 1

3)36

.43

(1 in

3)

47.1

2 (1

in 2

)

Fem

ale

1.94

(1 in

52)

9.19

(1 in

11)

22.4

6 (1

in 4

)38

.41

(1 in

3)

Brea

stFe

mal

e0.

47 (1

in 2

13)

3.91

(1 in

26)

6.93

(1 in

14)

12.6

4 (1

in 8

)

Colo

n an

dM

ale

0.06

(1 in

1,6

67)

0.93

(1 in

108

)4.

35 (1

in 2

3)6.

15 (1

in 1

6)Re

ctum

Fem

ale

0.05

(1 in

2,0

00)

0.72

(1 in

139

)3.

28 (1

in 3

0)5.

88 (1

in 1

7)

Pros

tate

Mal

eLe

ss th

an 1

in 1

0,00

01.

28 (1

in 7

8)15

.60

(1 in

6)

18.5

4 (1

in 5

)

Lung

Mal

e0.

05 (1

in 2

,000

)1.

52 (1

in 6

6)6.

84 (1

in 1

5)8.

64 (1

in 1

2)

Fem

ale

0.03

(1 in

3,3

33)

1.08

(1 in

93)

3.76

(1 in

27)

5.38

(1 in

19)

Data

Sou

rce:

Nat

iona

l Can

cer I

nstit

ute,

App

lied

Rese

arch

Bra

nch,

199

5.

Tab

le 5

Per

centa

ge

of

Pop

ula

tion (

Pro

bab

ilit

y) D

evel

op

ing I

nva

sive

Can

cers

at

Cer

tain

Ages

, U

nit

ed S

tate

s, 1

99

0–1

99

2



80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

01930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990

Year

Rate

per

100

,000

Fem

ale

Popu

latio

n

Figure 3Age-Adjusted Cancer Death Rates*

Females by Site, United States, 1930–1992

Uterus†

Breast

Pancreas

Ovary

Lung

Stomach

Colon & Rectum

Note: Due to changes in the ICD coding, numerator information has changed over time. Denominator information for the years 1930-1967 and 1991-1992 is based on intercensal population estimates, while denominator information for the years 1968-1990 is based on postcensal recalculation of estimates.*Rates per 100,00 age-adjusted to the 1970 standard US population.†Uterine cancer death rates are for cevix and corpus combined.

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7


80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

01930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990

Year

Rate

per

100

,000

Mal

e Po

pula

tion

Figure 4Age-Adjusted Cancer Death Rates*

Males by Site, United States, 1930–1992

Pancreas

Prostate

Liver

Lung

Stomach

Colon & Rectum

Note: Due to changes in the ICD coding, numerator information has changed over time. Rates for cancer of the liver are particularly affected by these coding changes. Denominator information for the years 1930-1967 and 1991-1992 is based on intercensal population estimates, while denominator information for the years 1968-1990 is based on postcensal recalculation of estimates.*Rates per 100,000 age-adjusted to the 1970 US standard population.



Male

Ages 15-34

Female Male Female Male Female

All Ages Ages 0-14

Table 6Reported Deaths, 10 Leading Causes of Death

by Age and Sex, United States, 1992

All Causes1,122,336

All Causes1,053,277

All Causes28,434

All Causes21,151

All Causes69,102

All Causes23,927

HeartDiseases360,161

Cancer245,740

Cerebro-vascularDiseases87,124

ChronicObstructiveLung Diseases41,473

Pneumonia,Influenza40,254

Accidents28,915

Diabetes28,395

Nephritis11,346

Septicemia11,140

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10


Cancer274,838

Accidents57,862




HIVInfection29,325

Suicide24,457

Diabetes21,672

Homicide20,115

Diseases ofInfancy6,897

CongenitalAnomalies4,021

Accidents2,418

Cancer742

HeartDiseases592

Homicide545

Pneumonia,Influenza387

Septicemia172

HIVInfection163

CerebralPalsy159

Diseases ofInfancy8,809

CongenitalAnomalies4,732

Accidents4,256

Cancer937

Homicide798

HeartDisease694

Suicide232

CerebralPalsy181

Accidents6,461

Cancer3,457

Homicide2,639

Suicide1,719

HIVInfection1,620

HeartDiseases1,491

Cerebro-vascularDiseases475

CongenitalAnomalies383


Diabetes332

Accidents20,999

Homicide12,723

HIVInfection9,384

Suicide9,146

Cancer3,655

HeartDiseases2,900

CongenitalAnomalies533

Cerebro-vascularDiseases518

Diseasesof Arteries10,833


HIVInfection202


Cirrhosisof Liver519

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7


All Causes142,266

Male

Ages 75+

All Causes74,054

All Causes421,045

All Causes297,862

All Causes461,133

All Causes636,165

Female Male Female Male Female

Ages 35-54 Ages 55-74

Table 6Reported Deaths, 10 Leading Causes of Death

by Age and Sex, United States, 1992

Cancer29,961

HeartDiseases11,383

Accidents4,772


Suicide2,348

Cirrhosisof Liver2,152

HIVInfection2,130

Diabetes2,032


Homicide1,444

HeartDiseases32,728

Cancer28,127

HIVInfection17,648

Accidents14,723

Suicide7,679


Homicide5,062


Diabetes2,771

SubstanceAbuse2,195

Cancer111,663

HeartDiseases83,308



Diabetes11,152

Accidents5,160




Nephritis2,931


Cancer141,171



Diabetes9,933

Accidents9,402

Pnuemonia,Influenza8,128



Suicide4,818


Cancer99,904

Pneumonia,Infuenza32,925


Diabetes14,863

Accidents10,097

Athero-sclerosis9,297

Alzheimer'sDisease8,233

Nephritis7,737


Cancer100,931



Diabetes8,489

Accidents8,371


Nephritis6,434

Athero-sclerosis4,664





Rank Cause of Death

Numberof

Deaths

Death Rateper 100,000Population*

Percentof TotalDeaths

Table 7Mortality for Leading Causes of Death

United States, 1992

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

All Causes

Heart Diseases

Cancer

Cerebrovascular Diseases

Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases

Accidents

Pneumonia & Influenza

Diabetes

HIV Infection

Suicide

Homicide

Diseases of Arteries

Cirrhosis of Liver

Nephritis

Septicemia

Atherosclerosis

Other & Ill-defined

2,175,613

717,706

520,578

143,769

91,938

86,777

75,719

50,067

33,566

30,484

25,488

25,337

25,263

22,162

19,667

16,831

290,261

679.6

214.1

172.2

41.1

28.4

30.6

20.9

15.9

10.6

10.8

9.5

7.7

9.0

6.5

5.8

4.5

91.8

100.0

33.0

23.9

6.6

4.2

4.0

3.5

2.3

1.5

1.4

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.0

0.9

0.8

13.3

*Age-adjusted to the 1970 US standard population.

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7


All Cancer245,740

All Ages Under 15 15-34 35-54 55-74 75+

All Cancer742

All Cancer3,457

All Cancer29,961

All Cancer111,663

All Cancer99,904

Breast43,068

Brain &CNS218

Leukemia460

Lung5,491

Breast19,395

Colon &Rectum15,956

Pancreas13,399

Bone35

Brain &CNS301

Ovary1,844

Ovary6,679

Pancreas6,767

All Cancer274,838

All Ages Under 15 15-34 35-54 55-74 75+

All Cancer937

All Cancer3,655

All Cancer28,127

All Cancer141,171

All Cancer100,931

Table 8Reported Deaths for the Five Leading Cancer Sites

for Males by Age, United States, 1992

Lung91,405

Leukemia375

Leukemia676

Lung8,882

Lung54,973

Lung27,394

Prostate34,240

Brain &CNS218

Non-Hodgkin'sLymphomas524

Colon &Rectum2,490

Colon &Rectum13,823

Prostate21,486

Colon &Rectum28,434

Endocrine93

Brain &CNS454

Non-Hodgkin'sLymphomas1,749

Prostate12,407

Colon &Rectum11,922

Pancreas12,672


Skin241

Brain &CNS1,550

Pancreas6,904

Pancreas4,390

Leukemia10,609

ConnectiveTissue49

Hodgkin'sDisease232

Pancreas1,330

Non-Hodgkin'sLymphomas4,684

Leukemia3,959

Table 9Reported Deaths for the Five Leading Cancer Sites

for Females by Age, United States, 1992

Lung54,538

Leukemia257

Breast615

Breast9,239

Lung31,399

Lung17,510

Colon &Rectum28,942

Endocrine80

CervixUteri347

Colon &Rectum2,060

Colon &Rectum10,774

Breast13,811

Ovary13,393

ConnectiveTissue31

CervixUteri1,629

Pancreas5,763


Ovary4,742

CNS = central nervous system




AsianAfrican Native and Pacific

White American American1,2 Islander2 Hispanic3

All Sites All Sites All Sites All Sites All Sites454,516 58,401 1,473 6,173 15,218100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Lung Lung Lung Lung Lung128,704 15,472 381 1,371 2,67428.3% 26.5% 25.9% 22.2% 17.6%

Colon & Rectum Colon & Rectum Colon & Rectum Colon & Rectum Colon & Rectum50,516 6,073 119 668 1,46611.1% 10.4% 8.1% 10.8% 9.6%

Female Breast Prostate Female Breast Liver & Other Biliary Female Breast37,797 5,485 105 653 1,2978.3% 9.4% 7.1% 10.6% 8.5%

Prostate Female Breast Liver & Other Biliary Stomach Liver & Other Biliary28,430 4,779 87 523 9136.3% 8.2% 5.9% 8.5% 6.0%

Pancreas Pancreas Prostate Female Breast Stomach22,519 3,180 87 387 8855.0% 5.4% 5.9% 6.3% 5.8%

Lymphoma Stomach Stomach Pancreas Prostate20,074 2,213 67 309 8734.4% 3.8% 4.5% 5.0% 5.7%

Leukemia Esophagus Pancreas Lymphoma Lymphoma17,405 1,897 63 263 8513.8% 3.2% 4.3% 4.3% 5.6%

Ovary Leukemia Leukemia Prostate Pancreas12,142 1,587 55 238 8502.7% 2.7% 3.7% 3.9% 5.6%

Liver & Other Biliiary Multiple Myeloma Kidney Leukemia Leukemia11,283 1,543 53 225 7392.5% 2.6% 3.6% 3.6% 4.9%

Brain & CNS Liver & Other Biliary Ovary Oral Cavity Ovary11,132 1,476 41 156 4542.4% 2.5% 2.8% 2.5% 3.0%

Note: Since each column includes only the top 10 cancer sites, site-specific numbers and percentages do not addup to the all-sites totals.1Includes American Indians and Native Alaskans.2Numbers are likely to be underestimates due to underreporting of Asian, Pacific Islander, and Native Americanrace on death certificates.3Persons classified as of Hispanic origin on death certificates may be of any race. Hispanic origin is reportedfor all states except New Hampshire and Oklahoma. In 1990 the 48 states from which data were collected accountedfor about 99.6% of the Hispanic population in the United States.


Table 10Reported Cancer Deaths by Race and Ethnicity,

United States, 1992, 10 Leading Sites of Cancer Death and Percent of Total Cancer Deaths

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7


1960-19631

Relative Five-Year Survival Rates (Percent)

White BlackSite White Black White Black White Black White Black

1970-19731 1974-19762 1980-19822 1986-19912

Table 11Trends in Cancer Survival by Race and Years of Diagnosis

United States, 1960–1991

1Source: End Results Group, 1960-1973. Data were collected from a series of hospital registries and one population-based registry. 2Source: NCI Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program 1995.

All Sites*

Oral Cavity & Pharynx

Esophagus

Stomach

Colon

Rectum

Liver

Pancreas

Larynx

Lung & Bronchus

Melanoma of Skin

Breast (female)

Cervix Uteri


Ovary

Prostate

Testis

Urinary Bladder

Kidney & Renal Pelvis

Brain & Nervous System

Thyroid Gland

Hodgkin's Disease

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Multiple Myeloma

Leukemia

43

43

4

13

49

45

—

2

62

10

68

68

64

81

36

63

72

61

46

20

86

67

41

19

22

31

—

4

13

37

30

—

2

—

7

—

51

61

44

32

55

—

36

44

19

—

—

—

—

—

50

55

5

15

50

49

4

3

66

12

80

75

69

89

36

68

79

74

52

22

92

71

47

24

35

39

36

4

16

45

42

1

3

58

11

66

63

64

61

40

58

76‡

47

49

27

88

69

48

27

31

39

45

4

11

43

38

—

1

53

8

60

63

58

73

32

50

63

53

37

18

83

40

31

12

14

27

—

1

8

34

27

—

1

—

5

—

46

47

31

32

35

—

24

38

19

—

—

—

—

—

52

55

7

16

56

53

4

3

69

14

83

77

68

83

39

74

92

79

51

25

94

75

52

28

39

40

31

5

19

49

38

2

5

59

12

60§

66

61

54

38

65

90‡

58

55

31

95

71

51

29

33

58†

55

11†

19†

62†

60†

6†

3†

68

14†

87†

84†

71

85†

44†

87†

95†

82†

59†

28†

95†

81†

52†

28†

41†

42†

33

7†

20

53†

52†

5†

5†

52

11

70‡

69†

56†

56

38

71†

86‡

59†

54

31

91

70

45

29

32

*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinomas except bladder. †The difference in rates between 1974-1976 and 1986-1991 is statistically significant (P<0.05). ‡The standard error of the survival rate is between 5 and 10 percentage points. §The standard error of the survival rate is greater than 10 percentage points. —Valid survival rate could not be calculated.



36439

82348

183236

373719

202224

152644

8284

58326

51338

731310

231556

571714

74183


Pancreas

Stomach

Colon & Rectum

Liver

Lung

Melanoma of Skin

Female Breast

Cervix Uteri

Corpus and Unspecified Uterus

Ovary

Prostate

Bladder

Site

Localized

Regional

Distant

0 20 40 60 80 100Percent

Note: Staging reflects the historical categories rather than the AmericanJoint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system. Sites do not total 100 percentbecause sufficient information is not available to assign a stage to all cancer cases.Source: NCI Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1995

662012

Testis

Figure 5Percent of Cancer Cases by Stage at Diagnosis


C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7


55814320

31242

1957212

6292637

61482

1448182

87946016

84977620

71925210

85966928

44914923

87999331

33683110

51182

2057243

5286595

51150

1142132

70*88*

69896017

5687429

56823613

38 8347*22

71907725

86*87*

Insufficient DataInsufficient Data


Pancreas

Stomach

Colon & Rectum

Liver

Lung

Melanoma of Skin

Female Breast

Cervix Uteri

Corpus &Unspecified Uteri

Ovary

Site White African American

All StagesLocalizedRegional

Distant

0 20 40 60 80 100Percent

0 20 40 60 80 100Percent

8294507

Bladder

Note: Staging reflects the historical categories rather than the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system. Localized: an invasive neoplasm confined to the organ of origin.

Regional: a neoplasm that has extended beyond the organ of origin directly into the surrounding organs, tissues, and/or regional lymph nodes.

Distant: a neoplasm that has spread to parts of the body remote from the

primary tumor either by direct extension or by discontinuous metastasis.*The standard error is between 5 and 10 percentage points.

Prostate

95999874

TestisInsufficient DataInsufficient Data

5979384

Figure 6Five-Year Relative Survival Rates (Percent)

by Race and Stage at Diagnosis, United States, 1986–1991



Rank Cause of Death

Numberof

Deaths

Death Rateper 100,000Population*

Percentof TotalDeaths

Table 12Leading Causes of Death for Children

Under Age 15, Both Sexes, United States, 1992

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

All Causes

Diseases of Infancy

Congenital Anomalies

Accidents

Cancer

Homicide & Legal Intervention

Heart Diseases

Pneumonia & Influenza

HIV Infection

Septicemia

Cerebral Palsy

Suicide

Cerebrovascular Diseases

Viral Diseases

Nephritis

Diseases of the Upper Respiratory Tract

All Others

49,585

15,706

8,753

6,674

1,679

1,343

1,286

892

365

347

340

314

280

226

226

224

10,930

22.4

6.8

3.8

3.3

0.9

0.7

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

4.9

100.0

31.7

17.7

13.5

3.4

2.7

2.6

1.8

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.5

22.0

*Age-adjusted to the 1970 US standard population.

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7


Five-Year Relative Survival Rates (Percent)

1960-19631

1970-19731

1974-19762

1980-19822

1986- 19912 Site

1Source: End Results Group, 1960-1973. Data were collected from a series of hospital registries and one population-based registry. Rates are for whites only. 2Source: NCI SEER program, 1995.*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancer and in situ carcinomas except bladder.†The difference in rates between 1974-1976 and 1986-1991 is statistically significant (p<0.05).‡The standard error of the survival rate is between 5 and 10 percentage points.

Year of Diagnosis

Table 13Trends in Survival for Children under Age 15


All Sites*

Acute MyeloidLeukemia

Brain and Other Nervous System

Bone and Joint

Non-Hodgkin'sLymphomas

28

3

35

20

18

45

5

45

30

26

55

14

54

45

65

21‡

55

54‡

61

70†

60†

64†

69†

28†‡

54

Acute LymphocyticLeukemia

Wilms Tumor

Neuroblastoma

Hodgkin's Disease

4

33

25

52

34

70

40

90

53

74

52

79

71

86

53

91

78†

92†

61†

92†

1977-19792

61

26‡

57

51

52‡

67

77

53

83

1983-19852

68

33‡

52

58‡

71

70

86

53

90



Male Female Male Female Male Female

All Sites Oral Colon & Rectum Prostate

MaleCountry

Note: Figures in parentheses are order of rank within site and sex group. *Rates are age-adjusted to the World Health Organization world standard population.

Table 14Cancer around the World, 1990–1993

Age-Adjusted Death Rates* per 100,000 Populationfor Selected Sites for 48 Countries

United States##Albania§

Argentina††

Armenia##AustraliaAustriaBelarus§§

BulgariaCanada##China†+

Costa Rica††

Cuba†

Czech RebublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFrance##GermanyGreeceHungaryIreland##Israel##Italy††

Japan

KazakhistanKyrgyzstan†

LatviaLithuaniaMauritiusMexicoNetherlands##New Zealand##Norway##PolandPortugalRomania

Russian Fed.Singapore##SloveniaSpain##SwedenSwitzerlandTajikistan‡

Trinidad, Tobago††

Ukraine##United Kingdom§§

Uruguay†

Uzbekistan‡‡

165.3 (27)96.7 (46)

153.3 (29)137.2 (38)158.5 (28)171.6 (20)199.2 (11)140.5 (35)165.7 (25)165.7 (26)133.3 (39)127.4 (41)

237.2 ( 2)178.7 (17)211.9 ( 5)149.9 (31)197.4 (13)177.3 (18)145.8 (33)258.7 ( 1)174.4 (19)116.9 (43)189.2 (15)149.8 (32)

216.8 ( 4)140.1 (37)206.1 ( 6)200.7 (10)85.4 (47)81.6 (48)

189.7 (14)170.6 (21)145.2 (34)204.2 ( 8)151.1 (30)140.2 (36)

221.4 ( 3)170.2 (22)203.9 ( 9)169.8 (23)128.6 (40)167.2 (24)100.6 (45)120.0 (42)198.4 (12)179.1 (16)204.8 ( 7)104.7 (44)

111.1 ( 8)42.7 (48)96.4 (27)81.9 (39)

100.2 (20)105.6 (16)88.1 (34)84.6 (37)

109.1 ( 9)89.4 (33)94.7 (29)93.7 (30)

128.0 ( 3)138.7 ( 1)105.9 (14)89.9 (32)86.5 (36)

108.2 (11)76.4 (42)

135.2 ( 2)124.3 ( 6)101.5 (18)97.6 (24)75.2 (43)

105.6 (15)73.9 (44)98.7 (23)

100.2 (19)63.8 (46)77.6 (41)

108.5 (10)125.3 ( 4)99.4 (22)

107.6 (13)87.6 (35)84.5 (38)

99.9 (21)101.8 (17)108.0 (12)80.0 (40)97.2 (25)96.5 (26)60.4 (47)91.4 (31)95.1 (28)

124.6 ( 5)111.7 ( 7)66.9 (45)

3.6 (35)4.3 (30)4.3 (29)2.5 (43)4.5 (25)6.1 (18)8.8 ( 7)4.1 (34)4.2 (31)2.6 (41)2.8 (39)6.0 (19)

6.3 (17)4.2 (32)8.7 ( 8)2.3 (45)

12.9 ( 3)6.6 (12)1.8 (46)

17.0 ( 1)4.3 (28)1.4 (48)6.0 (21)2.4 (44)

7.4 (10)4.2 (33)6.5 (13)7.9 ( 9)5.2 (23)1.8 (47)2.8 (40)3.4 (36)3.3 (37)6.3 (15)6.0 (20)6.3 (14)

8.8 ( 6)13.2 ( 2)11.5 ( 4)6.9 (11)2.6 (42)6.3 (16)4.6 (24)4.5 (26)9.4 ( 5)3.0 (38)5.9 (22)4.4 (27)

1.3 (12)1.5 ( 7)0.8 (39)0.5 (48)1.4 ( 9)0.9 (30)0.7 (41)0.7 (44)1.3 (13)1.1 (20)1.1 (17)1.9 ( 3)

0.9 (29)1.3 (10)1.0 (24)0.8 (38)1.3 (11)1.1 (18)0.5 (47)2.2 ( 2)1.0 (23)0.6 (46)1.0 (26)0.7 (45)

1.7 ( 4)0.7 (42)0.7 (40)1.0 (27)1.4 ( 8)0.7 (43)1.0 (21)1.3 (14)0.9 (35)1.1 (19)0.9 (31)1.0 (28)

1.0 (22)4.0 ( 1)0.9 (34)0.8 (36)0.9 (32)1.1 (16)1.6 ( 5)1.0 (25)0.9 (33)1.1 (15)0.8 (37)1.5 ( 6)

16.5 (23)2.0 (48)

13.6 (33)9.6 (39)

20.2 (10)22.8 ( 5)15.6 (26)15.3 (28)16.9 (21)8.1 (41)7.4 (42)9.7 (38)

34.6 ( 1)23.0 ( 4)18.2 (13)12.4 (35)17.4 (18)21.3 ( 8)7.2 (43)

30.8 ( 2)21.5 ( 7)15.3 (29)15.3 (30)15.7 (25)

11.9 (36)8.8 (40)

17.9 (14)17.2 (19)5.0 (44)3.3 (47)

17.7 (16)26.4 ( 3)20.1 (11)15.4 (27)16.0 (24)10.1 (37)

17.6 (17)18.9 (12)22.2 ( 6)14.6 (32)14.6 (31)17.8 (15)4.7 (45)

12.6 (34)17.0 (20)20.3 ( 9)16.8 (22)4.7 (46)

11.2 (20)2.2 (48)9.2 (34)7.5 (38)

13.7 ( 8)13.7 ( 9)10.3 (29)10.7 (25)11.2 (21)6.4 (41)7.1 (40)

11.2 (22)

18.1 ( 3)17.2 ( 4)12.5 (15)8.6 (37)

10.1 (30)15.1 ( 6)5.5 (43)

18.5 ( 2)13.8 ( 7)12.2 (17)9.9 (31)9.8 (32)

8.9 (35)6.2 (42)

11.6 (18)11.1 (23)4.6 (44)3.0 (47)

12.8 (14)18.9 ( 1)13.5 (11)10.4 (27)10.4 (28)7.3 (39)

12.3 (16)15.5 ( 5)12.9 (13)9.4 (33)

10.9 (24)10.5 (26)3.1 (46)8.9 (36)

11.5 (19)13.6 (10)13.3 (12)4.3 (45)

17.5 (13)7.0 (38)

13.6 (24)2.8 (46)

18.6 ( 9)17.2 (14)8.0 (35)8.4 (34)

17.0 (16)—

15.0 (22)19.0 ( 8)

15.1 (21)19.5 ( 6)13.0 (27)18.3 (12)16.8 (17)16.4 (18)8.7 (33)

15.8 (19)18.5 (10)9.2 (32)

11.6 (29)4.0 (43)

5.3 (41)3.7 (44)

12.2 (28)13.2 (25)7.0 (37)

10.6 (30)18.4 (11)19.0 ( 7)22.1 ( 3)9.9 ( 31)15.3 (20)7.6 (36)

6.9 (39)4.4 (42)

14.7 (23)13.2 (26)21.1 ( 4)22.5 ( 2)3.5 (45)

32.9 ( 1)6.8 (40)

17.1 (15)21.0 ( 5)1.8 ( 47)

C A C a n c e r J C l i n 1 9 9 6 ; 6 5 : 5 - 2 7


Male Female Male Female

Lung LeukemiaBreast

Female Cervix Other

Uterus

Male Female

Stomach

Table 14Cancer around the World, 1990–1993

Age-Adjusted Death Rates* per 100,000 Populationfor Selected Sites for 48 Countries

57.1 (13)27.4 (40)38.4 (33)45.7 (26)40.4 (32)44.6 (27)60.4 (12)41.2 (30)55.1 (17)38.2 (34)14.3 (47)37.7 (35)

75.3 ( 2)50.4 (19)70.0 ( 5)46.1 (24)47.0 (22)47.9 (21)50.2 (20)81.6 ( 1)45.8 (25)25.7 (41)57.0 (14)30.6 (38)

68.4 ( 6)35.4 (36)65.4 ( 8)63.1 ( 9)17.2 (44)15.9 (45)66.9 ( 7)42.6 (29)30.9 (37)71.3 ( 4)27.9 (39)40.9 (31)

72.8 ( 3)50.5 (18)61.0 (11)46.9 (23)23.7 (42)43.6 (28)15.0 (46)13.6 (48)63.1 (10)55.9 (16)56.1 (15)19.7 (43)

25.6 ( 1)5.0 (39)6.0 (35)6.4 (33)

13.0 (11)9.3 (17)5.0 (41)6.5 (32)

21.8 ( 3)15.9 ( 9)5.0 (40)

13.8 (10)

10.1 (16)24.8 ( 2)7.5 (24)6.9 (29)5.2 (38)8.4 (20)6.9 (28)

16.6 ( 7)17.6 ( 6)7.9 (23)7.3 (25)8.1 (22)

9.0 (18)6.1 (34)6.6 (31)5.9 (37)4.0 (46)5.9 (36)

10.9 (12)18.0 ( 5)10.8 (13)10.2 (15)4.6 (43)6.6 (30)

7.3 (26)16.0 ( 8)8.5 (19)3.6 (48)

10.6 (14)8.3 (21)4.4 (44)4.0 (47)7.2 (27)

21.0 ( 4)4.2 (45)4.8 (42)

3.9 (11)1.9 (48)3.2 (32)3.3 (30)3.8 (13)3.7 (20)3.4 (26)2.7 (42)3.7 (18)3.2 (33)4.6 ( 2)3.9 (10)

4.4 ( 6)3.9 (12)3.8 (14)3.2 (34)3.6 (23)3.6 (22)3.5 (25)4.5 ( 3)3.2 (35)4.5 ( 4)4.0 ( 7)2.7 (43)

2.5 (46)2.3 (47)4.5 ( 5)4.8 ( 1)2.6 (44)3.0 (39)3.4 (28)3.7 (19)3.0 (38)3.6 (24)3.7 (16)3.0 (37)

3.6 (21)2.8 (40)3.7 (17)3.4 (27)3.3 (29)3.3 (31)2.7 (41)3.8 (15)3.9 ( 9)3.1 (36)4.0 ( 8)2.6 (45)

6.4 ( 9)2.7 (47)5.2 (27)4.3 (38)5.9 (14)5.3 (25)5.7 (21)4.4 (37)6.0 (11)4.1 (42)5.8 (18)4.5 (34)

7.2 ( 2)6.5 ( 6)6.5 ( 5)4.8 (32)5.9 (13)5.9 (15)5.6 (23)7.2 ( 3)5.9 (12)5.8 (16)6.5 ( 7)4.2 (39)

4.1 (40)3.6 (45)6.8 ( 4)7.9 ( 1)2.6 (48)3.7 (44)5.6 (22)6.4 ( 8)4.5 (35)5.8 (19)5.1 (28)4.4 (36)

5.5 (24)5.0 (31)5.2 (26)5.1 (29)4.8 (33)5.8 (17)3.7 (43)4.1 (41)6.2 (10)5.1 (30)5.7 (20)3.4 (46)

22.0 (13)5.2 (46)

21.3 (16)16.5 (29)20.3 (18)21.8 (14)14.4 (38)15.4 (32)23.0 (10)4.9 (47)

11.2 (39)14.6 (36)

21.5 (15)27.2 ( 2)16.6 (27)16.6 (28)19.7 (19)22.2 (12)15.1 (33)23.4 ( 9)26.8 ( 4)23.4 ( 8)20.7 (17)6.6 (45)

8.9 (40)8.7 (41)

16.9 (26)17.5 (24)7.0 (44)8.3 (42)

26.9 ( 3)26.0 ( 5)18.6 (21)15.9 (31)18.5 (22)14.8 (35)

14.9 (34)14.5 (37)22.4 (11)17.3 (25)17.7 (23)24.0 ( 7)4.4 (48)

19.6 (20)16.1 (30)27.7 ( 1)25.9 ( 6)7.4 (43)

2.6 (34)3.2 (27)6.4 ( 5)4.2 (20)1.6 (47)4.9 (13)3.9 (22)6.2 ( 6)2.4 (38)

— 2.4 (39)7.5 ( 4)

5.2 ( 8)3.4 (25)5.1 (10)2.6 (31)3.8 (23)3.1 (28)2.6 (35)5.0 (11)2.4 (36)2.3 (43)4.6 (18)2.2 (44)

7.6 ( 2)2.8 (29)5.2 ( 9)4.7 (17)8.0 ( 1)2.3 (41)2.3 (42)2.7 (30)2.4 (37)3.9 (21)4.9 (12)4.2 (19)

4.7 (16)2.1 (45)4.8 (14)3.5 (24)2.6 (33)3.2 (26)1.8 (46)7.5 ( 3)4.8 (15)2.4 (40)6.1 ( 7)2.6 (32)

2.3 (48)6.3 (28)4.8 (36)

10.5 (14)3.1 (47)7.8 (22)

15.1 ( 5)10.4 (15)3.2 (46)

15.7 ( 4)17.6 ( 1)3.6 (44)

8.0 (20)3.9 (42)

13.5 ( 7)6.1 (31)3.3 (45)7.3 (24)4.6 (38)9.9 (16)5.9 (33)4.5 (39)7.9 (21)14.2 ( 6)

15.9 ( 3)13.0 ( 8)12.3 (10)12.3 (11)6.4 (27)7.1 (25)4.7 (37)3.9 (43)4.9 (34)7.6 (23)

11.5 (13)6.9 (26)

16.9 ( 2)9.3 (19)9.4 (18)6.3 (29)4.2 (40)3.9 (41)

11.7 (12)6.0 (32)

12.6 ( 9)4.8 (35)6.1 (30)9.4 (17)

5.0 (48)14.9 (26)11.7 (33)20.9 (17)6.8 (46)

15.5 (25)36.7 ( 3)19.2 (20)7.1 (45)

34.1 ( 5)42.5 ( 1)6.6 (47)

17.1 (22)7.1 (44)

28.6 (12)11.5 (34)8.2 (43)

13.9 (27)9.3 (38)

23.4 (14)12.2 (30)8.7 (41)

16.9 (23)32.8 ( 6)

35.6 ( 4)29.5 ( 8)28.8 (11)28.8 (10)13.0 (29)9.9 (37)

12.1 (31)9.0 (39)

10.6 (35)21.6 (16)24.2 (13)17.8 (21)

40.3 ( 2)20.0 (19)22.9 (15)13.7 (28)8.4 (42)8.7 (40)

29.1 ( 9)10.2 (36)31.3 ( 7)11.8 (32)16.1 (24)20.5 (18)

2.6 (35)0.6 (48)4.5 (19)5.4 (13)2.7 (34)2.7 (33)4.4 (22)4.2 (23)2.1 (40)3.2 (31)

10.5 ( 2)5.3 (14)

5.6 (12)4.9 (17)6.8 ( 7)1.5 (44)1.7 (43)3.4 (29)1.4 (45)6.5 ( 8)3.0 (32)1.3 (46)0.9 (47)1.8 (41)

4.6 (18)6.3 ( 9)4.5 (20)6.8 ( 6)4.1 (25)

15.0 ( 1)2.3 (38)4.5 (21)4.1 (24)7.7 ( 5)2.4 (37)

10.2 ( 3)

5.0 (16)6.1 (10)3.5 (27)1.7 (42)2.2 (39)2.5 (36)3.5 (28)9.1 ( 4)5.6 (11)4.1 (26)5.0 (15)3.3 (30)

†1990 only. ‡1991 only. §1992 only. ††1990-1991. ‡‡1991-1992 §§1992-1993. ##1990-1992. +Oral cancer mortality rate includes nasopharynx only.

Documents

Cancer Statistics, 1996s3.amazonaws.com/zanran_storage/caonline.amcancersoc.org/Conte…the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths for 1996 are presented according to sex, site, and