CalvertMarineMuseum

8/14/2019 CalvertMarineMuseum

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byVin Morgan


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Dinosaurs & Gunboats

Walter Granger and the Central

Asiatic Expeditions


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Walter Willis Granger Haynes, Granger, Morgan

(Randolph Center, Rutland, Middletown Springs)

1872-1941

b. Middletown Springs, Vermont

d. Lusk, Wyoming

1890-1941, AMNH career


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Walter Granger

1890 leaves Rutland, VT, at age 17 and becomes an apprentice taxidermist

at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. 1894 makes first expedition to the American West, as a mammals and birds

collector attached to afossilhunting party.

1896 transfers into the newly department of vertebratepaleontology. Theexpedition is to the San Juan Basin of New Mexico. Visits Richard Wetherilland the newly discovered Anasazi ruins at Chaco Canyon.

1897 discovers Bone Cabin Quarry, a rich dinosaur locality near MedicineBow, Wyoming.

1903 weds Anna Deane Granger (first cousins).

1906 begins collecting in theEocene for the study ofevolution.

1907 becomes the first paleontologist to collect overseas, in theFayum ofEgypt.

1908 resumes Eocene work in the basins of Wyoming and New Mexico.

1911-12 is among the first American paleontologists to visit withpaleontologists inEurope. Sets up a fossil exchange program.

1921 heads for China as chief scientist and second-in-command of theCentral Asiatic Expeditions. Opens Zhoukoudian with J.G. Andersson.


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Walter Granger 1921-22 (contd) makes first winter-long expedition to Yangtze basin area

ofSichuan Province. Witnesses battle for Ichang and other encounters.

1922 makes first expedition to the Mongolias. Finds abundance of fossilbeds within days, both dinosaur and mammal. FindsProtoceratops,

Baluchitherium, and eggshell fragment later confirmed as dinosaur.

1922-23 returns to the Yangtze for the winter. Takes Anna. Both trapped inwarlord maneuvers for Wanxian. Escape and then ambushed along the river.

1923-30 makes four more summer long trips into the Mongolias and two

more winter long trips into the Yangtze basin. Returns to the States twice. 1931 final return to States. Assumes increased administrative and publishing

duties. Serves as president of the Explorers Club. Resumes annual field trips tothe American West.


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Anna Granger

1874-1952


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Fayum of Egypt Expedition, 1907

Oligocene: Arsinotherium, Moeritherium

Paleomastodon, Phiomia, Zeuglodonts, primates

Tethys Sea, Pre-Nile, Lake

Moeris, Bar Yusuf Canal

Teddy Roosevelt

Richard Markgraf


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Wonders of the internet:

Richard Markgraf

with his daughter

Leopoldine

search Markgraf


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Henry Osborns Map, 1900

?1899-1900?


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1907 AMNH Fayum Expedition

with HFO, WG and GO


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Tin Containers

1907-Fayum

1922-Mongolia


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Peking to Paris Race, 1907

Prince Scipione Borghese

Ettore Guizzardi

Luigi Barzini


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CAE Mongolia

1922

1923 collecting party

1925+


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CAE Mongolia, 1925


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CAE Mongolia, 1928


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CAE Mongolia, 1930


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W h


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Weather


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Some finds:

Mongolia


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Some Finds

Earths largest land mammal:Baluchitherium, now Paraceratherium


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1923 & 1925, Flaming Cliffs 1930


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Sichuan ProvinceYangtze

Pleistocene epoch: The period from about 2 000 000 years ago to about 11 500 years ago and


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Pleistocene epoch: The period from about 2,000,000 years ago to about 11,500 years ago and

covers the worlds most recent period of repeated glaciations. It is associated with the Ice Age, a

period of lower temperatures,resulting in an expansion of ice sheets and glaciers.

Fauna: Both marine and continental faunas were essentially modern. Severe climatic changes

during the Ice Age had major impacts on the fauna and flora. The positions of the continents wasessentially as it is today. With each advance of ice, large areas of continents became totally

depopulated. Plants and animals retreating southward in front of advancing glaciers faced

tremendous stress from drastic climatic changes, reduced living space, and curtailed food supply.

A major extinction of large mammals (megafauna), which included the mammoth, mastodon,

saber-toothed cat, glyptodon, ground sloth, and short-faced bear, began in the Pleistocene.

Humans: Humans evolved into their present form during the Pleistocene. Neanderthals became

extinct during this period, as did early human ancestors.

Stegodonorientalis

(Proboscidea)

Megataprius augustus

(Tapir)


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1921 Zhoukoudian Peking Man


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Th E d

1921, Zhoukoudian--Peking Man

Conclusion

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