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CALIFORNIA PLANT PEST and DISEASE Vol. 4 Number 2 March 1985 Diagnosing Crown Gall-Techni- ques and Difficulties ..... 39 California Pepper Tree-New Host of Pseudomonas ...... syringae 42 Fusarium Basal Rot of Daffodil ...... 43 1984 Plant Virus Disease Summary ....... 46 Entomology Highlights ...... 51 New State Records - Cloudy- winged Whitefly ........... 53 Ash/Lilac Borer... ......... 58 1 @ "i_\ REPORT California Department, of Food and Agriculture 1220 N Street Sacramento California 95814 -- 'I , I 4 ~dult, larva and known California distribution of the ash-lilac borer, podosesia syringae, a possible new pest of olives. See article on page58.

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Page 1: CALIFORNIA PLANT PEST DISEASE and REPORT · PDF filec.P.P.D.R. - March 1985 Page 38 Correspondence should be addressed to the appropriate member of the editorial staff of the California

CALIFORNIA PLANT PEST and DISEASE

Vol. 4 Number 2 March 1985

Diagnosing Crown Gall-Techni- ques and Difficulties ..... 39 California Pepper Tree-New Host of Pseudomonas

...... syringae 42 Fusarium Basal Rot of

Daffodil ...... 43 1984 Plant Virus Disease

Summary ....... 46 Entomology Highlights ...... 51 New State Records - Cloudy- winged Whitefly ........... 53 Ash/Lilac Borer... ......... 58

1

@ "i_\ REPORT California Department, of Food and Agriculture 1220 N S t r e e t Sacramento California 95814

-- 'I , I 4

~dult, larva and known California distribution of the ash-lilac borer, podosesia syringae, a possible new pest of olives. See article on page58.

Page 2: CALIFORNIA PLANT PEST DISEASE and REPORT · PDF filec.P.P.D.R. - March 1985 Page 38 Correspondence should be addressed to the appropriate member of the editorial staff of the California

c . P . P . D . R . - March 1 9 8 5 P a g e 3 8

C o r r e s p o n d e n c e s h o u l d b e a d d r e s s e d t o t h e a p p r o p r i a t e member o f t h e e d i t o r i a l s t a f f o f t h e C a l i f o r n i a P l a n t P e s t a n d D i s e a s e R e p o r t (C.P.P.D.R. ) :

E n t o m o l o g y E d i t o r Ray G i l l P l a n t P a t h o l o g y E d i t o r J a m e s S m i t h N e m a t o l o g y E d i t o r Renaud F o r t u n e r L a y o u t E d i t o r J e a n e n n e W h i t e T y p e s e t t e r J a n e t L e M a s t e r s

C a l i f . P 1 . P e s t a n d D i s . R e p t . , V o l . 4 , No. 2 : 3 8 - 6 4 w a s i s s u e d o n A p r i l 1 0 , 1 9 8 5 .

C a l i f o r n i a P l a n t P e s t a n d D i s e a s e R e p o r t i s i n t h e p u b l i c d o m a i n a n d may b e f r e e l y r e p r o d u c e d w i t h c u s t o m a r y c r e d i t i n g o f t h e s o u r c e .

Page 3: CALIFORNIA PLANT PEST DISEASE and REPORT · PDF filec.P.P.D.R. - March 1985 Page 38 Correspondence should be addressed to the appropriate member of the editorial staff of the California

c . P . P . D . R . - March 1 9 8 5 P a g e 3 9

DIAGIOSIBG CROUI GALL - TECHIIQUES AID DIFFICULTIES J e a n e n n e B. W h i t e a n d C a r l M. L a i

F o r many y e a r s , c o m m e r c i a l n u r s e r i e s i n C a l i f o r n i a h a v e h a d a n e x c e s s i v e a n d c o n t i n u i n g p r o b l e m w i t h c r o w n g a l l d i s e a s e c a u s e d b y t h e b a c t e r i u m , A n r o b a c t e r i u n l t u m e f a c i e n g . T h i s s o i l - b o r n e b a c t e r i u m h a s a r e m a r k a b l y w i d e h o s t r a n g e , i n d u c i n g t u m o r o u s g a l l s i n o v e r 2 0 0 s p e c i e s o f d i c o t y l e d o n o u s p l a n t s . S i n c e t h e r e a r e o t h e r c a u s a l a g e n t s t h a t w i l l a l s o i n d u c e g a l l s o r t u m o r s i n p l a n t i n g s ( i . e . f u n g i , i n s e c t s , g e n e t i c a b n o r m a l i t i e s , p h y s i o l o g i c a l p r o b l e m s , e t c . ) , i d e n t i f y i n g t h e b a c t e r i a i n t h e l a b o r a t o r y u s i n g s p e c i a l i z e d t e s t i n g t e c h n i q u e s i s e s s e n t i a l f o r c o n f i r m a t i o n o f c r o w n g a l l d i s e a s e .

T h e v a r i o u s s t r a i n s o f A a r o b a c t e r i u g l s p p . c a n b e i s o l a t e d f r o m t u m o r o u s p l a n t s , r o o t s u r f a c e s , s o i l a n d w a t e r . T h e m o s t e f f i c i e n t a n d common i s o l a t i o n m e t h o d i s f r o m a g a l l o r t u m o r o n t h e i n f e c t e d p l a n t ( F i g . 1 ) . The g a l l t i s s u e i s w a s h e d , s u r f a c e s t e r i l i z e d w i t h e t h a n o l , d i c e d i n t o 2x2mm p i e c e s , a n d t h o r o u g h l y m a c e r a t e d i n 1-2 m l . o f s t e r i l e d i s t i l l e d w a t e r . T h i s b a c t e r i a l s u s p e n s i o n i s t h e n s t r e a k e d o n t o s e l e c t i v e m e d i a s u c h a s D 1 M ( K a d o & H e s k e t t ) a g a r o r B e r b e r i n e a g a r . B o t h t h e v i r u l e n t a n d a v i r u l e n t c o l o n i e s o f A n r o b a c t e r i u n p s p p . w i l l g r o w o n t h e a g a r w i t h i n 3 t o 6 d a y s . T h e s e c o l o n i e s a r e m o r p h o l o g i c a l l y a n d - p h y s i o l o g i c a l l y i n d i s t i n g u i s h a b l e f r o m e a c h o t h e r a n d a r e n o t i d e n t i f i a b l e a t t h i s p o i n t .

B i o c h e m i c a l t e s t s , s u c h a s 3 - K e t o g l y c o s k d e p r o d u c t i o n , a c i d f r o m e r y t h r i t o l , g r o w t h i n t y r o s i n e a n d FeNH4 c i t r a t e b r o t h a n d t h e o x i d a s e t e s t , may b e h e l p f u l i n d e t e r m i n i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f t h e d i f f e r e n t -Q s t r a i n s , b u t n o t i n t h e d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f v i r u l e n c e .

The o n l y m e t h o d f o r a c c u r a t e l y i d e n t i f y i n g t h e v i r u l e n t s t r a i n s i s a t i m e - c o n s u m i n q p a t h o g e n i c i t y t e s t o n s u s c e p t i b l e h o s t s . F r e s h l y c u t s u r f a c e - s t e r i l i z e d c a r r o t d i s c s p l a c e d i n s t e r i l e p e t r i p l a t e s a r e i n o c u l a t e d w i t h p u r i f i e d b a c t e r i a l c o l o n i e s f r o m a g a r p l a t e s . T h e d i s c s a r e t h e n s e a l e d w i t h p a r a f i l m a n d i n c u b a t e d a t room t e m p e r a t u r e ( 2 5 ' ~ ) f o r 3 t o 4 weeks . O n l y t h e v i r u l e n t s t r a i n s w i l l e v e n t u a l l y p r o d u c e t u m o r o u s g r o w t h o n t h e c u t s u r f a c e o f t h e c a r r o t d i s c s ( F i g . 2) . H o s t i n d i c a t o r p l a n t s , s u c h a s s u n f l o w e r , t o m a t o , B r y o p h y l l u m , t o b a c c o ( N i c o t i a n a t o b a c u m ) , t r e e t o b a c c o ( N i c o t i a n a g ~ u ) , a n d K a l a n c h o e , may a l s o b e i n o c u l a t e d b y a p p l y i n g p u r i f i e d b a c t e r i a t o c u t s t em s u r f a c e s . Tumor t i s s u e w i l l d e v e l o p w i t h i n 3 t o 4 w e e k s .

T h e a b i l i t y o f A a r o b a c t e r i u n p m e f a c i e m t o i n d u c e t u m o r s o f p l a n t t i s s u e r e s i d e s o n t h e T i ( T i = t u m o r i n d u c i n g ) p l a s m i d c o n t a i n e d i n t h e b a c t e r i a l c e l l . The p l a s m i d i s a l a r g e , e x t r a - c h r o m o s o m a l d o u b l e - s t r a n d e d D N A m o l e c u l e . G e n e s c a r r i e d by t h e

J e a n e n n e B. W h i t e i s a n A g r i c u l t u r a l B i o l o g i c a l T e c h n i c i a n a n d C a r l M . L a i i s a n A s s o c i a t e P l a n t P a t h o l o g i s t f o r t h e A n a l y s i s a n d I d e n t i f i c a t i o n U n i t a t CDFA.

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C.P.P.D.R. - March 1985 Page 40

T i p l a s m i d a r e g e n e t i c a l l y c o d e d t o c o n f e r t u m o r i n d u c i n g ?

p r o p e r t i e s s p e c i f i c t o v i r u l e n t ( p a t h o g e n i c ) A n r o b a c t e r i u n b s t r a i n s . T h e a v i r u l e n t ( n o n p a t h o g e n i c ) s t r a i n s s u c h a s Anrobacter i jbgl r a d i o b a c t o r d o n o t c o n t a i n t h e T i p l a s m i d . I f t h e T i p l a s m i d i s t r a n s f e r r e d t o a n o n p a t h o g e n i c s t r a i n , t h e r e c i p i e n t b a c t e r i a l s t r a i n w i l l b e c o m e p a t h o g e n i c ; t h u s , e x h i b i t i n g t h e d i r e c t c o r r e l a t i o n o f t h e p l a s m i d t o p a t h o g e n i c i t y .

E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s t e s t i n g i s c u r r e n t l y b e i n g s t u d i e d f o r u s e i n r a p i d i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f v i r u l e n t A n r o b a c t e r i u m s t r a i n s . P u r i f i e d b a c t e r i a l c e l l s a r e g r o w n o v e r n i g h t i n n u t r i e n t b r o t h , c e n t r i f u g e d a t 5 ,700 r p m f o r s e v e n m i n u t e s and t h e c e l l p e l l e t i s r e s u s p e n d e d i n 1 m l . o f b u f f e r . L y s i n g s o l u t i o n i s a d d e d t o t h e p e l l e t f o r i n c u b a t i o n a t 5 5 ' ~ f o r 7 m i n u t e s , t h e n t h e p e l l e t i s a g a i n c e n t r i f u g e d a t 6 , 0 0 0 rpm f o r 1 0 m i n u t e s w i t h t h e a d d i t i o n o f p h e n o l / c h l o r o f o r m . T h e u p p e r a q u e o u s s o l u t i o n w i l l now c o n t a i n t h e D N A p l a s m i d ; t h i s i s t r a n s f e r r e d t o a t e s t t u b e a n d p r e p a r e d f o r s l o t t e d s p a c e o n a n a g a r o s e g e l s l a b u s e d f o r t h e e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s a t 1 2 0 v f o r 2 h o u r s . T h e a g a r o s e g e l s l a b i s t h e n s t a i n e d w i t h E t h i d i u m b r o m i d e (0 .5ug/ml) and t h e p l a s m i d g e l b a n d s i z e , mass, s h a p e , e t c . , may b e v i s u a l i z e d t h r o u g h a U V t r a n s i l l u m i n a t o r . D i f f e r e n t t y p e s o f p l a s m i d s i n c l u d i n g t h e T i p l a s m i d may b e i d e n t i f i e d i n t h i s way; h o w e v e r , d i f f e r e n t i a t i n g t h e p l a s m i d s i s o f t e n d i f f i c u l t d u e t o s i m i l a r c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s i n t h e g e l b a n d s . - To d a t e , t h e r e i s no w s h o r t - c u t w method f o r i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f t h e v i r u l e n t s t r a i n s o f A n r o b a c t e r i u m . N u r s e r y p l a n t s h i p m e n t s , o r c h a r d s and o t h e r c o m m e r c i a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s mus t w a i t a t l e a s t 3 - 4 w e e k s f o r c o n f i r m a t i o n o f c r o w n g a l l d i s e a s e b y p a t h o g e n i c i t y t e s t s . '

F i g . 1 T y p i c a l f o r m a t i o n on t h e o f a n Euonvmoy p l a n t i n f e c t e d A n r o b a c t e r i y g l t u m e f a c i e n a .

g a l l crown di

w i t h

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C . P . P . D . R . - M a r c h 1 9 8 5 P a g e 4 1

.r7 F i g u r e 2 ( a * ) L e f t c a r r o t d i s c i n o c u l a t e d w i t h t h e v i r u l e n t (Ti) s t r a ' n o f A ~ r o b a c t e r i u q , r i g h t c o n t r o l d i s c i n o c u l a t e d w i t h 5 s t e r i l e H 0.

( b ) . L e f t c a r r o t d i s c s p o s i t i v e f o r c r o w n g a l l c a r r y i n g t h e T i p l a s m i d , r i g h t c a r r o t d i s c p o s i t i v e f o r h a i r y r o o t ( A a r o b a c t e r i u m r h i z a e n e g ) c a r r y i n g a R i ( r o o t i n d u c i n g ) p l a s m i d .

p h o t o s c o u r t e s y o f D r . C l a r e n c e K a d o , U.C. D a v i s .

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C.P.P.D.R. - March 1 9 8 5 P a g e 42

OCCURRENCE O F P S E U D O H O I A S S I R I I G A E 01 A I E U H O S T - C A L I F O B I I A P E P P E R T R E E

Mary S o r r e l 1

C a l i f o r n i a p e p p e r ( S c h i n u s glpJJg L.) i s a n i m p o r t a n t l a n d s c a p e t r e e i n C e n t r a l a n d S o u t h e r n C a l i f o r n i a a n d A r i z o n a . I t i s f r o s t t o l e r a n t t o a b o u t - 5 ' ~ a n d d e c i d u o u s t o s e m i d e c i d u o u s . I n M a r c h , 1 9 8 2 a n d 1 9 8 5 s e v e r a l c o n t a i n e r - g r o w n t r e e s f r o m a l o d a l n u r s e r y were o b s e r v e d t o h a v e t r u n k c a n k e r s a n d i n t e r n a l s t r e a k i n g . A f l u o r e s c e n t P s e u d o m o n a s s p . was i s o l a t e d f r o m t h e d i s e a s e d t i s s u e . The b a c t e r i a were s u b s e q u e n t l y i d e n t i f i e d a s P s e u d o m o n a g s v r i n a a e (Van H a l l ) . P. s v r i n n a e i s a n i c e - n u c l e a t i n g b a c t e r i u m a n d s e v e r a l r e s e a r c h e r s h a v e o b s e r v e d a n i n t e r a c t i o n b e t w e e n t h e b a c t e r i a a n d f r e e z i n g i n c i t i n g d i s e a s e .

O t h e r c o n t a i n e r g r o w n C a l i f o r n i a p e p p e r t r e e s were i n o c u l a t e d w i t h t h i s b a c t e r i a a n d w i t h a s t r a i n o f 1. f r o m D r . C. K a d o t s l a b a t t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f C a l i f o r n i a a t D a v i s . Some o f t h e t r e e s w e r e e x p o s e d t o f r e e z i n g t e m p e r a t u r e s a n d o t h e r s were l e f t i n t h e l a t h - h o u s e f o r t h e w i n t e r . T h o s e i n t h e l a t h - h o u s e d e v e l o p e d i n t e r n a l s t r e a k i n g a n d d i s c o l o r a t i o n . The i n o c u l a t e d b a c t e r i a c o u l d b e r e i s o l a t e d f r o m t h e s e t r e e s . T h e t r e e s t h a t were e x p o s e d t o f r o s t h a d l i t t l e o r n o i n t e r n a l d i s c o l o r a t i o n s o f r o s t d o e s n o t s e e m t o b e i n v o l v e d i n i n c i t i n g t h e d i s e a s e o n c o n t a i n e r g r o w n C a l i f o r n i a p e p p e r t r e e s .

M a r y S o r r e l 1 i s a n A g r i c u l t u r a l B i o l o g i c a l T e c h n i c i a n f o r t h e A n a l y s i s a n d I d e n t i f i c a t i o n U n i t a t CDFA.

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C.P.P.D.R. - M a r c h 1 9 8 5 P a g e 4 3

F U S A R I U H B A S A L ROT O F D A F F O D I L

T.E. T i d w e l l

A l t h o u g h s e l d o m a p r o b l e m f o r t h e h o m e o w n e r , b u l b d i s e a s e s c a n c a u s e s e r i o u s e c o n o m i c l o s s e s t o c o m m e r c i a l b u l b g r o w e r s . I n America a n d H o l l a n d , " b a s a l r o t w o f d a f f o d i l s ( N a r c i s s u s s p p . )

- s e v e r e l y a f f e c t s c e r t a i n v a r i e t i e s o f c o m m e r c i a l l y g r o w n d a f f o d i l s . Y i e l d s n o r m a l l y m e a s u r e d i n t o n s c a n b e r e d u c e d t o y i e l d s o f mere b u s h e l s w i t h i n a s i n g l e s e a s o n .

I n t h e m i d - 1 9 2 0 1 s , t h e d i s e a s e was f o u n d t o b e c a u s e d b y t h e s o i l - b o r n e f u n g u s F u s a r i u m o x v s ~ o r u m f . n a r c i s s i ( C k e . & M a s s . ) S n y d ' e r & H a n s e n . I t i s n o t t h e same f u n g u s a s t h a t w h i c h i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r s i m i l a r b a s a l r o t d i s e a s e s i n i r i s , t u l i p s , a n d o t h e r b u l b s . M o s t o f t h e l a r g e t r u m p e t e d t y p e s a r e s u s c e p t i b l e t o F u s a r i u m b a s a l r o t , p a r t i c u l a r l y t h e v a r i e t i e s " G o l d e n H a r v e s t w , " K i n g A l f r e d , " a n d " E m p e r o r n . T h e w h i t e a n d b i c o l o r e d t y p e s a r e a l s o v e r y s u s c e p t i b l e . J o n q u i l s a n d c u p t y p e N a r c i s s u s a r e r a r e l y a f f e c t e d b y t h e d i s e a s e .

I n f e c t e d b u l b s u n d e r g o a d r y r o t , b e c o m i n g s o f t a n d s p o n g y .

- U l t i m a t e l y t h e e n t i r e b u l b may d r y u p t o b e c o m e a h a r d , s h r i v e l e d mummy. I f d i s e a s e d b u l b s a r e c u t o p e n , r e d d i s h - b r o w n t o c h o c o l a t e - b r o w n ( d e p e n d i n g u p o n v a r i e t y i n v o l v e d ) d i s c o l o r a t i o n c a n b e o b s e r v e d . D i s c o l o r a t i o n u s u a l l y o r i g i n a t e s a t t h e b a s a l p l a t e a r ea a n d p r o c e e d s u p i n t o t h e b u l b s c a l e s ( F i g . 1 ) . I n t h e e a r l y s t a g e s o f i n f e c t i o n , d i s e a s e s y m p t o m s a r e n o t a l w a y s a p p a r e n t , a n d may n o t b e c o m e e v i d e n t u n t i l p e r h a p s a m o n t h a f t e r t h e b u l b s h a v e b e e n d u g . T h u s , i n f e c t e d b u l b s may b e o v e r l o o k e d , a n d c o n s e q u e n t l y m i x e d t o g e t h e r w i t h h e a l t h y b u l b s d u r i n g g r a d i n g , c l e a n i n g , s t o r i n g , o r s h i p p i n g a c t i v i t i e s . U n d e r t h e r i g h t c o n d i t i o n s o f t e m p e r a t u r e a n d m o i s t u r e , t h e f u n g u s c a n s p r e a d r a p i d l y f r o m d i s e a s e d b u l b s t o h e a l t h y b u l b s .

B a s a l r o t i s p r i m a r i l y a d i s e a s e o f b u l b s i n s t o r a g e o r i n t r a n s i t , b u t may a l s o b e a p r o b l e m i n t h e f i e l d . T h e d i s e a s e i s m o r e p r e v a l e n t i n f i e l d s w h e r e s o i l t e m p e r a t u r e s e x c e e d 1 8 ' ~ ( c a . 6 5 ' ~ ) . T e m p e r a t u r e s b e l o w 1 3 ' ~ ( 5 5 O ~ ) , a s o c c u r i n t h e P a c i f i c N o r t h w e s t , t e n d t o r e t a r d i n f e c t i o n . When i n f e c t e d b u l b s a r e p l a n t e d , t h e y e i t h e r r o t i n t h e f i e l d ( c o n t a m i n a t i n g t h e s o i l w i t h f u n g a l i n o c u l u m f o r f u t u r e p l a n t s ) , o r t h e p l a n t s w h i c h g r o w f r o m s u c h b u l b s b e c o m e s t u n t e d a n d c h l o r o t i c . F l o w e r b u d s , i f f o r m e d , r a r e l y o p e n . R o o t s o f s u c h p l a n t s a r e u s u a l l y f e w t o n o n e . T h e p l a n t e d b u l b s b e c o m e p a r t i a l l y t o e n t i r e l y d e c a y e d , a n d e x h i b i t t h e same b r o w n d i s c o l o r a t i o n a s t h a t o f s t o r e d b u l b s o r i g i n a t i n g a t t h e b u l b ' s b a s a l p l a t e .

- B u l b p r o b l e m s w h i c h c o u l d b e c o n f u s e d w i t h F u s a r i u ~ b a s a l r o t i n c l u d e ( 1 ) o v e r h e a t i n g , w h i c h c a u s e s a b r o w n d e c a y b e g i n n i n g a t t h e r o o t i n i t i a l s a n d f l o w e r b u d r a t h e r t h a n t h e b a s a l p l a t e ; (2) f r e e z i n g i n j u r y , i n w h i c h t i s s u e s o t h e r t h a n t h e roo' t a n d f l o w e r b u d a r e t h e f i r s t t o b e c o m e d i s c o l o r e d ; a n d ( 3 ) f u m i g a t i o n i n j u r y ( w i t h m e t h y l b r o m i d e ) w h i c h r e s u l t s i n a g r a y i s h b r o w n

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C.P.P.D.R. - M a r c h 1 9 8 5 P a g e 4 4

t i s s u e b r e a k d o w n t h a t p r o g r e s s e s u n i f o r m l y f r o m t h e o u t e r s u r f a c e s i n w a r d .

When b u l b s a r e l i f t e d f r o m s o i l i n f e s t e d w i t h F u s a r - ~ ~ , t h e f u n g u s i s b e l i e v e d t o b e c a r r i e d i n d e a d t i s s u e s a t t h e b a s e o f t h e b u l b o r v i a m o r i b u n d r o o t s s t i l l a t t a c h e d t o t h , e b u l b s . When t h e b u l b s a r e i n s t o r a g e , t h e f u n g u s p r o c e e d s i n t o t h e b u l b s c a l e s , c a u s i n g t h e i n t e r i o r d i s c o l o r a t i o n o f t h e b u l b . E n t r y b y t h e f u n g u s o c c u r s a n y w h e r e a r o u n d t h e b a s a l p l a t e , i n c l u d i n g t h e j u n c t i o n o f y o u n g o f f s e t b u l b l e t s , p a r t i c u l a r l y w h e r e o n e h a s b r o k e n o f f ( e . g . d u r i n g c l e a n i n g o p e r a t i o n s ) . I n a d d i t i o n , o t h e r o p e n i n g s s u c h a s w o u n d s , b r u i s e s , s u n - s c a l d s p o t s , e t c . a l s o p r o v i d e e a s y a c c e s s f o r t h e f u n g u s . E v e n t h e o p e n i n g s c a u s e d b y t h e e m e r g e n c e o f new r o o t s i s e n o u g h f o r t h e f u n g u s t o g a i n e n t r y t o t h e b u l b . C o m p l e t e l y d o r m a n t b u l b s a r e f a i r l y r e s i s t a n t t o i n f e c t i o n b u t a s s o o n a s r o o t s b e g i n t o p u s h , t h e y b e c o m e s u s c e p t i b l e a g a i n . C o o l t e m p e r a t u r e s r e t a r d i n f e c t i o n i n s t o r e d b u l b s . T h e f u n g u s g r o w s w e l l a t 1 8 ' ~ t o 3 0 ' ~ ( c a . 6 5 ' ~ t o 8 6 O F ) , a n d i n f e c t i o n a n d s p r e a d o f t h e f u n g u s i s r a p i d w h e n c o u p l e d w i t h a h u m i d , p o o r l y v e n t i l a t e d e n v i r o n m e n t .

P r e v e n t i o n i s t h e m o s t e f f e c t i v e c o n t r o l f o r b a s a l r o t . H a r v e s t e d b u l b s s h o u l d b e h a n d l e d c a r e f u l l y , t a k i n g p r e c a u t i o n s a g a i n s t u n n e c e s s a r y w o u n d i n g a n d b r u i s i n g . E v e r y e f f o r t s h o u l d b e m a d e t o a v o i d c o n t a m i n a t i n g h e a l t h y b u l b s w i t h d i s e a s e d b u l b s . A l l o b v i o u s l y d i s e a s e d b u l b s s h o u l d b e d i s c a r d e d , b o t h a t h a r v e s t a n d a g a i n a t p l a n t i n g t ime. C a r e m u s t b e t a k e n t o a v o i d w o u n d i n g a n d b r u i s i n g o f t h e b u l b s , a s w e l l a s e x c e s s i v e s p l i t t i n g o f f o f o f f s e t s d u r i n g d i g g i n g a n d c l e a n i n g o p e r a t i o n s . U n n e c e s s a r y e x p o s u r e o f f r e s h l y d u g b u l b s t o t h e h o t s u n s h o u l d a l s o b e a v o i d e d t o p r e v e n t s u n s c a l d i n j u r y . B u l b s s h o u l d b e d r i e d a s q u i c k l y a s p o s s i b l e a f t e r l i f t i n g , a n d s t o r e d u n d e r c o o l , d r y , w e l l v e n t i l a t e d c o n d i t i o n s .

F u n g i c i d e d i p s f o r b u l b s i s f r e q u e n t l y d o n e a s a p r e v e n t a t i v e m e a s u r e . T r e a t m e n t o f t h e b u l b s s h o u l d b e d o n e i n t h e s u m m e r t i m e w h e n t h e b u l b s a r e a t f u l l d o r m a n c y - - m o s t o f t h e o l d r o o t s h a v e s l o u g h e d a n d r o o t s c a r s h a v e h e a l e d o v e r , y e t new r o o t s h a v e n o t b e g u n t o p u s h . H o t w a t e r t r e a t m e n t f o r n e m a t o d e s i s a n o t h e r common p r a c t i c e . To p r e v e n t t h e i n a d v e r t a n t s p r e a d o f F u s a r i u m f r o m d i s e a s e d b u l b s t o h e a l t h y o n e s d u r i n g t h e t r e a t m e n t , f o r m a l i n i s f r e q u e n t l y a d d e d t o t h e w a t e r . O t h e r p r e v e n t a t i v e m e a s u r e s u s e d b y b u l b g r o w e r s i n v o l v e p l a n t i n g b u l b s o n l y i n a r e a s i n w h i c h d i s e a s e d b u l b s h a v e n o t b e e n h a r v e s t e d , a n d t o a v o i d p l a n t i n g b u l b s o n t h e s a m e l a n d m o r e f r e q u e n t l y t h a n o n c e e v e r y t h r e e y e a r s . I n a d d i t i o n , i t h a s b e e n s h o w n t h a t e x c e s s i v e n i t r o g e n a n d p h o s p h o r o u s t e n d t o i n c r e a s e t h e i n c i d e n c e o f b a s a l r o t , w h i l e h i g h p o t a s s i u m t e n d s t o r e d u c e i t . Some g r o w e r s h a v e e x p e r i e n c e d g o o d r e s u l t s b y f e r t i l i z i n g o n l y a s e p a r a t e c o v e r c r o p r a t h e r t h a n t h e a c t u a l b u l b c r o p .

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C.P.P.D.R. - March 1 9 8 5 P a g e 45

R e f e r e n c e s

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G o u l d , C h a r l e s , J . 1 9 5 7 . Handbook on B u l b G r o w i n g a n d F o r c i n g . N o r t h w e s t B u l b G r o w e r s A s s o c i a t i o n , M t . V e r n o n , W A . 196 pp .

G o u l d , C h a r l e s J . a n d R a l p h B y t h e r . 1 9 7 9 . D i s e a s e s o f N a r c i s s u s . W a s h i n g t o n S t a t e U n i v e r s i t y C o o p e r a t i v e E x t e n s i o n B u l l e t i n 7 0 9 . P u l l m a n . 2 7 p p .

G r e g o r y , P.H. 1 9 3 2 . The F u s a r i u m B u l b R o t o f N a r c i s s u s . A n n a l s A p p l . B i o l o g y 19 :475-514 .

H o r s t , K e n n e t h R . 1 9 7 9 . W e s t c o t t ' s P l a n t D i s e a s e H a n d b o o k , f o u r t h e d i t i o n . Van N o s t r a n d R e i n h o l d Company, N . Y . 803 p p .

Moore , W . C . 1 9 4 9 . D i s e a s e s o f B u l b s . M i n i s t r y o f A g r i c u l t u r e a n d F i s h e r i e s B u l l e t i n No. 1 1 7 . London. 1 7 6 p p .

T.E. T i d w e l l i s a n A s s o c i a t e P l a n t P a t h o l o g i s t f o r t h e A n a l y s i s a n d I d e n t i f i c a t i o n U n i t o f CDFA.

F i g . 1 . C r o s s s e c t i o n ( l e f t ) a n d l o n g i t u d i n a l s e c t i o n ( r i g h t ) o f N a r c i s s u s b u l b s w i t h F u s a r i u m b a s a l r o t .

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W a t e r m e l o n M o s a i c V i r u s W a t e r m e l o n M o s a i c V i r u s W a t e r m e l o n M o s a i c V i r u s Cucumber M o s a i c V i r u s S q u a s h Leaf C u r l V i r u s S q u a s h M o s a i c V i r u s W a t e r m e l o n M o s a i c V i r u s

Toma to S p o t t e d W i l t V i r u s Cymbid ium M o s a i c V i r u s C a r r o t M o t l e y D w a r f V i r u s C a r n a t i o n L a t e n t V i r u s C a r n a t i o n M o t t l e C a r n a t i o n N e c r o t i c F l e c k

V i r u s D a c h e e n M o s a i c V i r u s Bean Y e l l o w M o s a i c H i b i s c u s C h l o r o t i c

R i n g s p o t V i r u s I r i s M i l d M o s a i c V i r u s L e t t u c e M o s a i c V i r u s B e e t W e s t e r n Y e l l o w s T o m a t o S p o t t e d W i l t V i r u s T o b a c c o M o s a i c V i r u s Pea S t r e a k V i r u s T u r n i p M o s a i c V i r u s T u r n i p M o s a i c V i r u s A l f a l f a M o s a i c V i r u s B e e t C u r l y Top V i r u s C o r k y R i n g s p o t S t r a i n o f

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C . P . P . D . R . - March 1 9 8 5 Page 48

L v c o ~ e r s i c o n ~ s c u l e n t u m C u r l y T O P V i r u s 5 6 L v c o ~ e r s i c o n e s c u l e n t u m P o t a t o V i r u s A 37 L v c o ~ e r s i c o n e s c u l e n t u m P o t a t o V i r u s Y 3 7 L v c o ~ e r s i c o n e s c u l e n t u m T o b a c c o M o s a i c V i r u s 3 7 , 3 5 , 4 2 L v c o ~ e r s i c o n e s c u l e n t u q Tomato B i g Bud (MLO) 4 8 L v c o ~ e r s i c o n e s c u l e n t u m Tomato S p o t t e d W i l t V i r u s - 3 4 , 4 3 , 3 9 , 5 7 M a l u s s v l v e s t r i s A p p l e M o s a i c V i r u s 5 0 M a t h i o l a s p . T u r n i p M o s a i c V i r u s 34 Mentha s p . A l f a l f a M o s a i c V i r u s 1 3 O r c h i d a c e a e Cymbid ium M o s a i c V i r u s 1 9 , 3 6 , 3 0 , 4 2

1 3 O r c h i d a c e a e T o b a c c o M o s a i c V i r u s 1 9 , 4 2 , 1 3 , 3 1

0 S t a i n - O r i a a n u m vul- A l f a l f a M o s a i c V i r u s 1 3 P e r s e a a m e r i c a n a S u n b l o t c h V i r o i d 4 2 P e t r o s e l i n u m c r i s ~ u m W e s t e r n C e l e r y M o s a i c V i r u s 5 6 P h a l a e n o ~ s i q s p . Cymbidium M o s a i c V i r u s 4 2 P h a s e o l u s v u l a a r i s Bean Common M o s a i c V i r u s 0 6 P i s u m s a t i v a P e a M o s a i c V i r u s 1 5 P r u n u s a v i u m P r u n u s N e c r o t i c R i n g s p o t 3 4 , 0 4

V i r u s P r u n u s d o r n e s t i c a P r u n e Dwarf V i r u s 5 0 , l O P r u n u s d o m e s t i c a A p p l e M o s a i c V i r u s 5 0 P r u n u s d o m e s t i c & P r u n e N e c r o t i c R i n g s p o t 5 0 , l O

V i r u s P r u n u s ~ e r s i c a A p p l e M o s a i c V i r u s 3 3 P r u n u s ~ e r s i c a P r u n u s Dwarf V i r u s 3 3 P r u n u s u e r s i c a P r u n u s N e c r o t i c R i n g s p o t 1 0 , 3 3 , 5 4

V i r u s P r u n u q p e r s i c a Tomato R i n g s p o t V i r u s 5 7 P r u n u s ~ e r s i c a Y e l l o w Bud M o s a i c 5 7 Prunus SP. A p p l e M o s a i c V i r u s 5 1 , 3 4 , 5 7 P r u n u s s p . P r u n e Dwarf V i r u s 5 1 , 3 4 , 5 7 P r u n u s s p . P r u n u s N e c r o t i c R i n g s p o t 5 1 , 3 4 , 5 7

V i r u s Rosa S P . A p p l e M o s a i c V i r u s 34 Rosa s p . Rose M o s a i c V i r u s 4 3 , 1 5 Rosa S P . Rose S p r i n g Dwarf V i r u s 4 3 S o l a n u a t u b e r o s u m P o t a t o L e a f R o l l V i r u s 5 7 , 2 5 , 3 3 S o l a n u m t u b e r o s u m P o t a t o V i r u s A 5 7 Solanurn t u b e r o s u m P o t a t o V i r u s M 5 7 S o l a n u m t u b e r o s u m P o t a t o V i r u s S 5 7 , 1 1 , 2 5 S o l a n u m t u b e r o s u m P o t a t o V i r u s X 5 7 , 3 7 , 2 5 S o l a n u m t u b e r o s u m P o t a t o V i r u s Y 5 7 , 3 7 , 2 5 , 3 3 S ~ i n a c e a o l e r a c e a Cucumber M o s a i c V i r u s 34 Tanetes e r e c t & Asters Y e l l o w s (MLO) 4 2 V i c i a f a b a P e a M o s a i c V i r u s 42 V i t i s v i n i f e r a Fan L e a f V i r u s 4 9 2 h U J S i S u g a r Cane M o s a i c V i r u s 06

B a r b a r a P a u l y i s a n A g r i c u l t u r a l I n s p e c t o r f o r t h e A n a l y s i s a n d I d e n t i f i c a t i o n U n i t o f CDFA.

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c . P . P . D . R . - March 1 9 8 5 - P a g e 49

T . Roy Mat sumoto

A U ~ U S ~ 1 3 , 1 9 3 2 - March 1 2 , 1 9 8 5

T . Roy M a t s u m o t o , a P r o g r a m S u p e r v i s o r , w i t h t h e D e p a r t m e n t ' s P e s t E x c l u s i o n U n i t p a s s e d away on March 1 2 , 1985. Roy h a d b e e n e m p l o y e d w i t h t h e D e p a r t m e n t f o r 2 2 y e a r s , p r i m a r i l y w i t h t h e N u r s e r y S e r v i c e s f u n c t i o n . H i s p r i m a r y a r e a o f r e s p o n s i b i l i t y w a s p l a n t r e g i s t r a t i o n a n d c e r t i f i c a t i o n a n d i n t h a t c a p a c i t y h e w o r k e d w i t h A g r i c u l t u r a l C o m m i s s i o n e r s , U n i v e r s i t y o f C a l i f o r n i a r e s e a r c h e r s , a n d t h e n u r s e r y i n d u s t r y . H i s k n o w l e d g e s , a b i l i t i e s , a n d s k i l l s w i l l b e g r e a t l y m i s s e d .

I r e m e m b e r a man -- a man who m a d e a name f o r h i m s e l f a s a h u s b a n d , a f a t h e r , a d a d , a f r i e n d , a c o - w o r k e r .

- I r e m e m b e r a man -- a s e n s i t i v e , l o v i n g , c a r i n g man ; a man w i t h e n d e a r i n g q u a l i t i e s . A man o f h u m o r . A man o f g e n e r o s i t y . A m a n o f h o n o r . A m a n o f i n t e g r i t y . A m a n o f l o y a l t y a n d d e v o t i o n . A man who c o u l d c a p t u r e t h e e s s e n c e o f a p e r s o n o r s i t u a t i o n i n a c a r i c a t u r e . I r e m e m b e r a man who e a r n e d t h e r e s p e c t o f h i s c o l l e a g u e s a n d a s s o c i a t e s . I r e m e m b e r a man who t h o u g h h a v i n g s o much t o g i v e was t o r n f r o m u s b y a g r e a t enemy.

I r e m e m b e r a man -- a man who r e s t s i n s l e e p ; a man who l i v e s i n t h e m i n d s a n d h e a r t s o f h i s f a m i l y a n d f r i e n d s .

I r emember a man -- T . Roy Mat sumoto .

-- B i l l L . C a l l i s o n

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C.P.P.D.R. - March 1 9 8 5

R o n a l d M . H a w t h o r n e

S e p t e m b e r 2 5 , 1911 t o December 3 1 , 1 9 8 4

Rop H a w t h o r n e , r e t i r e d f r o m S t a t e S e r v i c e s i n c e 1 9 7 8 , p a s s e d away a t y e a r s e n d d u i - i n g a f i r e w h i c h d e s t r o y e d h i s home. He i s s u r v i v e d by a s i s t e r who l i v e s i n t h e S a c r a m e n t o a r e a .

Ron b e g a n w o r k i n g f o r t h e D e p a r t m e n t a s a s e a s o n a l b o r d e r s t a t i o n i n s p e c t o r i n s o u t h e r n C a l i f o r n i a o n A u g u s t 1 1 , 1 9 3 9 . A f t e r s e r v i n g i n W o r l d War 11, h e r e t u r n e d t o w o r k i n t h e b o r d e r s t a t i o n p r o g r a m . A f t e r a s h o r t t i m e , h e m o v e d t o S a c r a m e n t o t o w o r k i n t h e i n s e c t i d e n t i f i c a t i o n l a b o r a t o r y u n d e r H a r t f o r d K e i f e r . L a t e r h e became a s u r v e y a n d d e t e c t i o n e n t o m o l o g i s t i n t h e s o u t h e r n t h i r d o f t h e s t a t e . I n t h e e a r l y 1 9 5 0 ' s h e was a s s i g n e d t o t h e d e t e c t i o n p r o g r a m f o r c h e r r y f r u i t f l y i n H u m b o l d t a n d S i s k i y o u C o u n t i e s . He was a l s o d e e p l y i n v o l v e d i n t h e s u c c e s s f u l e r a d i c a t i o n p r o g r a m a g a i n s t K h a p r a b e e t l e i n s o u t h e r n C a l i f o r n i a . E v e n t u a l l y , h e r e t u r n e d t o S a c r a m e n t o w h e r e h e s o l v e d i n s e c t c o n t r o l p r o b l e m s .

He a u t h o r e d t h e C a l i f o r n i a e d i t i o n o f t h e C o o p e r a t i v e E c o n o m i c I n s e c t R e p o r t , t h e f o r e r u n n e r o f o u r p r e s e n t C a l i f o r n i a P l a n t P e s t a n d D i s e a s e R e p o r t (CPPDR). D u r i n g t h i s t i m e , h e a l s o d e v e l o p e d a n d p u b l i s h e d t h e y e a r l y r e p o r t n E c o n o m i c Damage a n d C r o p L o s s C a u s e d b y I n s e c t s a n d M i t e P e s t s n . T h i s r e p o r t i s u n i q u e a n d w i d e l y u s e d b y e c o n o m i c e n t o m o l o g i s t s a r o u n d t h e w o r l d . I t i s a t r i b u t e t o Ron t h a t s u c h a r e p o r t c o u l d h a v e b e e n p r o d u c e d i n t h e f i r s t p l a c e . A l s o , t h e r e p o r t w a s d i s c o n t i n u e d a f t e r h i s r e t i r e m e n t , b e c a u s e n o o n e h a d t h e d e p t h o f k n o w l e d g e o r c o n t a c t s n e c e s s a r y t o m a i n t a i n i t .

Ron s p e n t c o n s i d e r a b l e t i m e s o l v i n g i n s e c t p e s t p r o b l e m s f o r h o m e o w n e ' r s . He h a d p a t i e n c e a n d u s e d g o o d s e n s e i n h i s w o r k i n g r e l a t i o n s h i p s w i t h " l i t t l e o l d l a d i e s n a n d p a r t i c u l a r l y w i t h p e o p l e who were a f f e c t e d by t h e n E n t o m o p h o b i a s y n d r o m e n .

We d i d n o t s e e Ron much a f t e r h i s r e t i r e m e n t s i n c e h e was b u s y m a i n t a i n i n g h i s v a r i o u s p r o p e r t i e s . He d i d o c c a s i o n a l l y a t t e n d m e e t i n g s o f t h e N o r t h e r n C a l i f o r n i a E n t o m o l o g y C l u b t o r e n e w o l d f r i e n d s h i p s . We w i l l m i s s h i m t h e r e .

-- Raymond J . G i l l

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-. HEDITERRBllEAl PRUIT FLY, C e r a t i t u s c a ~ i t a t a -(A)- F o r t u n a t e l y , we h a v e n o new f i n d s o f t h i s s e r i o u s f r u i t p e s t s i n c e t h e l a s t o n e i n November o f 1984 (CPPDR 4 ( 1 ) : 1 5 ) . U n f o r t u n a t e l y , t h e r e i s a n i n f e s t a t i o n i n F l o r i d a ' s Dade C o u n t y . A s o f March 6 , t h e r e i s a r e p o r t o f a t l e a s t o n e a n d p o s s i b l y t w o f l i e s h a v i n g b e e n f o u n d i n N o r t h Miami.

The f o l l o w i n g r e p o r t c o n c e r n i n g F l o r i d a ' s l a s t M e d f l y i n f e s t a t i o n h a s b e e n t a k e n f r o m T r i - o l o g y 2 3 ( 1 2 ) : 6 , D e c e m b e r 1 9 8 4 : [ M e d i t e r r a n e a n f r u i t f l y 1 "was d e c l a r e d e r a d i c a t e d f r o m F l o r i d a o n N o v e m b e r 2 , 1 9 8 4 . T h e c a m p a i g n b e g a n o n J u n e 1 9 , 1 9 8 4 w h e n 4 a d u l t f l i e s were t r a p p e d i n Miami's " L i t t l e H a v a n a n a r e a , D a d e C o u n t y . T h i r t e e n a d u l t s ( 1 2 m a l e s a n d 1 f e m a l e ) a n d 1 l a r v a were f o u n d d u r i n g t h e c a m p a i g n . A d u l t f l i e s w e r e f o u n d a t 7 l o c a t i o n s , 6 o f t h o s e w i t h i n a l - s q u a r e m i l e a r e a o f L i t t l e H a v a n a . T h e l a s t 2 f l i e s were f o u n d A u g u s t 8 , 1 9 8 4 o n D o d g e I s l a n d a t t h e e n t r a n c e t o Miami h a r b o r a n d s l i g h t l y o u t s i d e t h e o r i g i n a l 9 - s q u a r e - m i l e a e r i a l s p r a y z o n e u .

ORIEITAL FRUIT PLY, Dacuq . d o r s a l i s - (A)- One s p e c i m e n h a s b e e n c o l l e c t e d s o f a r t h i s y e a r . The f o l l o w i n g r e p o r t by J o h n P o z z i o u t l i n e s t h e f i n d :

"One a d u l t male O r i e n t a l F r u i t F l y ( O F F ) w a s d e t e c t e d J a n u a r y 2 2 , 1 9 8 5 i n R e d l a n d s , S a n

- B e r n a r d i n o C o u n t y . T h i s i s t h e f i r s t OFF d e t e c t e d i n t h e 1 9 8 5 c a l e n d a r y e a r . The a d u l t male OFF w a s t r a p p e d i n a J a c k s o n t r a p p l a c e d i n a n o r a n g e t r e e . T h e OFF w a s d e t e c t e d b y S a n B e r n a r d i n o C o u n t y T r a p p e r R o g e r Mann a t a r e s i d e n c e o n O l i v e S t r e e t . T h e t r a p d e n s i t y

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P a g e 5 2 C.P.P.D.R. - March 1 9 8 5

w a s t w o p e r s q u a r e m i l e a n d a s r e q u i r e d b y p r o t o c o l t h e t r a p d e n s i t y h a s b e e n i n c r e a s e d t o f i v e p e r s q u a r e m i l e o v e r a n e i g h t y o n e s q u a r e mi le a r e a .

T h e p o s i t i v e i d e n t i f i c a t i o n was m a d e b y CDFA S y s t e m a t i c E n t o m o l o g i s t M a r i u s Wasbaue r . CDFA S y s t e m a t i c E n t o m o l o g i s t K a r e n C o r w i n d e t e r - mined t h e male OFF was s e x u a l l y m a t u r e . "

HEXICAN FRUIT FLY, A n a s t r e ~ h a l u d e n s - (A)- A l s o , o n e s p e c i m e n o f t h i s f a m i l i a r f r u i t f l y h a s b e e n f o u n d t h i s y e a r . The f o l l o w i n g summary i s by J o h n P o z z i :

" T h e f i r s t M e x i c a n f r u i t f l y ( M F F ) f o r 1 9 8 5 was t r a p p e d o n 1 / 2 2 / 8 5 i n S a n Y s i d r o , S a n D i e g o C o u n t y . T h e d i s c o v e r y was m a d e b y C o u n t y A g r i c u l t u r a l T e c h n i c i a n R i c h a r d D e a r i e , w h i l e s e r v i c i n g a M c P h a i l t r a p t h a t h a d b e e n p l a c e d i n a n o r a n g e t r e e a l o n g West P a r k Avenue .

" M c P h a i l t r a p d e n s i t y i n t h e a r e a was e i g h t t r a p s p e r s q u a r e m i l e . S a n D i e g o C o u n t y D e p a r t m e n t o f A g r i c u l t u r e p e r s o n n e l h a v e i n c r e a s e d t h e d e n s i t y t o 5 0 M c P h a i l t r a p s i n t h e s q u a r e m i l e a r o u n d t h e f i n d a n d 2 5 t r a p s a r e b e i n g p l a c e d i n e a c h o f t h e e i g h t a d j o i n i n g s q u a r e mi les .

" A c c o r d i n g t o CDFA S y s t e m a t i c E n t o m o l o g i s t K a r e n C o r w i n , t h e M e x i c a n f r u i t f l y was a m a l e w i t h n o r m a l t e s t e s a n d t h e r e w a s n o e v i d e n c e o f i r r a d i a t i o n . "

COTTON BOLL U E E V I L , A n t h o n o m u s n r a n d i s - ( A ) - T h e f o l l o w i n g r e p o r t b y Tom P a l m e r o u t l i n e s t h e c u r r e n t s t a t u s o f t h i s p e s t e r a d i c a t i o n p r o g r a m i n t h e s o u t h e r n d e s e r t a r e a s :

T r a p s a r e . b e i n g r u n e v e r y o t h e r week i n t h e e r a d i c a t i o n p r o j e c t a r e a . The number o f w e e v i l s b e i n g t r a p p e d h a v e i n c r e a s e d d u r i n g t h e l a s t t w o w e e k s . T h i s i s p r o b a b l y a s a r e s u l t o f i n c r e a s e d p l o w down e f f o r t s b y t h e g r o w e r s now t h a t t h e s o i l i s d r y i n g o u t a f t e r t h e r a i n s .

I m ~ e r i a l C o u n t v T r a ~ ~ i n a R e p o r t - 1 / 1 t o 1 / 2 2 / 8 5

B a r d / W i n t e r h a v e n I m p e r i a l V a l l e y

R i v e r s i d e C o u n t v - 1 / 1 t o 1 / 2 3 / 8 5

1 , 8 3 2 w e e v i l s 284 w e e v i l s

B l y t h e 5 1 0 w e e v i l s

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c . P . P . D . R . - March 1 9 8 5 P a g e 5 3

ACARIIE MITE, A c a r a ~ i S y q o d i - ( A ) - T h e f i r s t s u r v e y f o r t h i s h o n e y b e e p a r a s i t e i s e s s e n t i a l l y c o m p l e t e , w i t h n o i n f e s t a t i o n s h a v i n g b e e n f o u n d i n t h e s t a t e . Tokuwo Kono a n d h i s s t a f f s h o u l d b e commended f o r t h e i r p a i n s t a k i n g b u t e f f i c i e n t h a n d l i n g o f t h e d i s s e c t i n g o p e r a t i o n s . G e o r g e B u x t o n s h o u l d b e ' c r e d i t e d w i t h e f f i c i e n t l y o v e r s e e i n g t h e c o l l e c t i o n a s p e c t s . T h e f o l l o w i n g c h a r t c o m p i l e d by I s a M o n t e n e g r o s u m m a r i z e s t h e number o f s a m p l e s c o l l e c t e d a n d d i s s e c t i o n s m a d e b e t w e e n O c t o b e r 1 7 , 1 9 8 4 a n d F e b r u a r y 2 8 , 1 9 8 5 :

T o t a l number of

F i e l d c o l l e c t i o n s D i s s e c t i o n s

T v ~ e o f S a m ~ l e S u r v e y Q u a r a n t i n e

T o t a l D i s s e c t i o n s 1 2 9 , 1 0 3

IEU STATE RECORDS

- C L O U D Y U I ~ G E D WHITEFLY, D i a l e u r o d e s c i t r i f o l i i - (A)- A s p e c i e s o f w h i t e f l y , D i a l e u r o d e s c i t r i f o l i i ( t h e c l o u d y w i n g e d w h i t e f 1 y ) h a s b e e n d e t e c t e d f o r t h e f i r s t t ime i n C a l i f o r n i a . CDFA S y s t e f f i a t i c E n t o m o l o g i s t Ray G i l l made t h e f i n a l d e t e r m i n a t i o n a n d s u p p l i e s t h e f o l l o w i n g i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h e f i n d :

The f i r s t c o n f i r m e d c o l l e c t i o n o f s p e c i m e n s f r o m a n e s t a b l i s h e d i n f e s t a t i o n o f c l o u d y w i n g e d w h i t e f l y h a s b e e n ma-de i n C a l i f o r n i a . T h e c o l l e c t i o n was m a d e b y B e l i n d a M o s s , S a n D i e g o C o u n t y P e s t M a n a g e m e n t T e c h n i c i a n , a l o n g De l Mar A v e n u e , P o i n t Loma o n F e b r u a r y 4 , 1 9 8 5 . T h e h o s t was g r a p e f r u i t a n d t h e i n f e s t a t i o n was l i s t e d a s h e a v y .

S p e c i m e n s o f t h i s w h i t e f l y a r e l i s t e d i n t h e e a r l y l i t e r a t u r e a s h a v i n g b e e n c o l l e c t e d i n B a k e r s f i e l d i n 1907 . H o w e v e r , we h a v e n e v e r b e e n a b l e t o l o c a t e s p e c i m e n s f r o m t h a t c o l l e c t i o n s o t h a t a c o n f i r m a t i o n c a n b.e m a d e , n o r h a v e we b e e n a b l e t o a s c e r t a i n w h e t h e r o r n o t t h e s p e c i m e n s may h a v e b e e n i n q u a r a n t i n e . T h e r e f o r e , we c o n s i d e r t h e S a n D i e g o c o l l e c t i o n a new s t a t e r e c o r d .

C l o u d y w i n g e d w h i t e f l y may b e c o m e a m o d e r a t e t o s e r i o u s p e s t o f c i t r u s , a l t h o u g h , l i k e c i t r u s a n d w o o l l y w h i t e f l i e s i t may b e m o r e o f a p r o b l e m i n d o o r y a r d s i t u a t i o n s o r m o r e t e m p e r a t e l o c a t i o n s a l o n g t h e c o a s t .

A t t h i s p o i n t i n t i m e , i t i s e s s e n t i a l l y i d e n t i c a l t o c i t r u s w h i t e f l y i n t h e f i e l d w h e n t h e n y m p h a l a n d p u p a l s t a g e s . T h e a d u l t s a r e d i f f e r e n t b e c a u s e o f m a r k i n g s o n t h e w i n g s o f c l o u d y w i n g e d w h i t e f l y . P u b l i s h e d h o s t r e c o r d s f o r c l o u d y w ' i n g e d w h i t e f l y i n c l u d e s m o s t C i t r u s s p e c i e s , G a r d e n i a a n d F i c u s n i t i d a . T h e k n o w n g e o g r a p h i c a l r a n g e o f t h e s p e c i e s i n c l u d e s F l o r i d a ,

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C.P.P.D.R. - March 1985 P a g e 54

7

M i s s i s s i p p i , N o r t h C a r o l i n a , L o u i s i a n a , T e x a s a n d Hawai i , a l s o J a p a n , I n d i a , C h i n a , V i e t n a m , M e x i c o , Cuba, J a m a i c a , P u e r t o R i o o , B a r b a d o s , T r i n i d a d , V e n e z u e l a , a n d B r a z i l .

A d e l i m i t a t i o n s u r v e y i s c u r r e n t l y u n d e r w a y i n t h e c o u n t y . A l t h o u g h n o t c o m p l e t e d a t t h e t ime o f t h i s w r i t i n g , t h e w h i t e f l y h a s b e e n f o u n d i n t h e f o l l o w i n g l o c a t i o n s : C o r o n a d o , b y B o

G a r d n e r ; F l o r i d a S t r e e t , S a n D i e g o b y D a v i d M u r p h y ; a n d C l a i r e m o n t by B r a d b e r r y .

A s a l r e a d y m e n t i o n e d a b o v e , c l o n d y w i n g e d w h i t e f l y i s n e a r l y u n s e p a r a b l e f r o m t h e common a n d w i d e s p r e a d c i t r u s w h i t e f l y i n t h e f i e l d , M o r p h o l o g i c a l l y , h o w e v e r , t h e t w o s p e c i e s a r e e a s i l y s e p a r a t e d . I n t h e p u p a l s t a g e , c i t r u s w h i t e f l y h a s s m a l l s p i n u l e s c o v e r i n g t h e s u r f a c e s o f t h e v e n t r a l t h o r a c i c a n d a b d o m i n a l t r a c h e a l f u r r o w s . I n c l o u d y w i n g e d w h i t e f l y , t h e a b d o m i n a l t r a c h e a l f u r r o w h a s a c o b b l e s t o n e - l i k e r e t i c u l a t i o n a n d t h e t w o t h o r a c i c t r a c h e a l f u r r o w s a r e u n m a r k e d . I n t h e a d u l t s , c i t r u s w h i t e f l y m a l e s a n d f e m a l e s h a v e a v e r y u n u s u a l d e v e l o p m e n t o f t h e s e n s o r y p o r e s o f t h e a n t e n n a e w h i s h a r e n o t f o u n d on t h e a n t e n n a e o f c l o u d y w i n g e d w h i t e f l y .

F i g u r e 1. A n t e n n a o f a d u l t male c i t r u s w h i t e f l y , s h o w i n g t h e u n u s u a l w w r a p - a r o u n d w s e n s o r i a o n t h e a n t e n n a 1 s e g m e n t s .

C l o u d y w i n g e d w h i t e f l y d o e s n o t h a v e t h e s e s e n s o r i a . ( I l l u s t r a t i o n c o u r t e s y o f R i c h a r d F. W i l k e y ) .

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C . P . P . D . R . - March 1985 Page 5 5

Figure 2 . Pupal c a s e o f cloudywinged w h i t e f l y a l i v e on l e a f . - Figure 3 . Pupal case o f c i t r u s w h i t e f l y a l i v e on l e a f .

F i g u r e 4 . A b d o m i n a l t r a c h e a l f u r r o w o f a s l i d e - m o u n t e d specimen of cloudywinged w h i t e f l y , showing cobbles tone t e x t u r e . F i g u r e 5. Abdominal t r a c h e a l furrow o f a s l i d e mounted specimen o f c i t r u s w h i t e f l y , showing spinous t e x t u r , .

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C.P.P.D.R. - March 1 9 8 5

BEY COUNTY RECORDS

P a g e 56

FUCHSIA MITE, A c u l o ~ s f u c h s i a e -(B)- The f i r s t CDFA r e c o r d f o r t h i s m i t e h a s b e e n e s t a b l i s h e d f o r V e n t u r a C o u n t y . T h e c o l l e c t i o n was m a d e b y D a v i d V a n E p p i n V e n t u r a , F e b r u a r y 2 7 , 1 9 8 5 o n F u c h s i a .

HISCELLABEOUS IBSECT PROBLEHS

HIRT APHID, E u c a r a z z i a e l e a a n s - (C)- F i r s t f o u n d i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s i n R i v e r s i d e C o u n t y [CPPDR 3 ( 3 ) : 5 3 , 1 9 8 4 1 , t h i s a p h i d i s s t i l l p r e s e n t i n S o u t h e r n C a l i f o r n i a . D r . E l d o n R e e v e s , R i v e r s i d e C o u n t y E n t o m o l o g i s t , h a s r e c e n t l y c h e c k e d o n t h e a p h i d , a n d a l t h o u g h h e b e l i e v e s t h a t more d a t a c a n b e s u p p l i e d i n t h r e e o r f o u r m o n t h s , h e n o n e t h e l e s s s u b m i t s t h i s r e p o r t o n i t s c u r r e n t s t a t u s i n R i v e r s i d e C o u n t y .

E u c a r a z z i a e l e a a n s (FERRARI), MINT APHID, COLLECTED O N LAMIACEAE P L A N T S I N R I V E R S I D E C O U N T Y , C A L I F O R N I A (HOMOPTERA:APHIDIDAE)

E l d o n L. R e e v e s

F e b r u a r y 6 , 1 9 8 5

E u c a r a z z i a e l e ~ a n s ( F e r r a r i ) , m i n t a p h i d , was f i e l d c o l l e . c t e d f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e i n N o r t h A m e r i c a , l e s s t h a n a y e a r a g o , o n b e l l p e p p e r p l a n t s i n M e c c a , R i v e r s i d e C o u n t y , C a l i f o r n i a . I t w a s d e t e c t e d by B. B a l l e n a n d M. G r u n n e t a n d i d e n t i f i e d by D r . Manya S t o e t z e l , USDA-ARS. T h e l i t e r a t u r e i n d i c a t e s a g e o g r a p h i c a l d i s t r i b u t i o n f o r E. e l e g a n s l i m i t e d e s s e n t i a l l y t o t h e M e d i t e r r a n e a n r e g i o n a n d i t s h o s t p l a n t s t o b e l i m i t e d t o member s o f t h e f a m i l y L a m i a c e a e ( = L a b i a t a e ) .

S i n c e i t s a p p e a r a n c e i n R i v e r s i d e C o u n t y we h a v e t a k e n t h i s a p h i d o n a t l e a s t 22 s p e c i e s o f n o n - m i n t f a m i l y p l a n t s . Many o f t h e s e were a l a t e f e m a l e s t a k e n w h i l e a c t i v e l y f e e d i n g a n d / o r d e p o s i t i n g n y m p h s . T h e s e i n c l u d e s u c h d i v e r s e k i n d s o f p l a n t s a s : b e l l p e p p e r , w a t e r m e l o n , f a n p a l m , R i b e s n e v a d e n s e , swee t c o r n , a n d s u n f l o w e r , a s w e l l a s k n o w n p l a n t v i r u s r e s e r v o i r s , e . g . , A a a r a n t h u s r e t r o f l e x u s . M a n y o f t h e s e w e r e t a k e n i n t h e - -------- ----------- i n t e n s e l y a g r i c u l t u r a l C o a c h e l l a V a l l e y .

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C.P.P.D.R. - March 1 9 8 5 P a g e 5 7

T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f t h i s r e p o r t i s t o r e c o r d t h e v a r i o u s L a m i a c e a e p l a n t s p e c i e s f r o m w h i c h t h i s a p h i d h a s b e e n t a k e n i n R i v e r s i d e C o u n t y b e t w e e n March 2 8 t h , 1984 a n d F e b r u a r y 5 t h , 1 9 8 5 :

L a v a n d u l a d e n t a t a , F r e n c h L a v e n d e r Men tha s ~ i c a t a , S p e a r m i n t NeDeta c a t a r i a , C a t m i n t / C a t n i p NeDeta m u s s i n i i , P e r s i a n C a t m i n t Ocimum b a s i l i c u m , B a s i l R o s m a r i n u s o f f i c i n a l i s , Rosemary S a l v i a a ~ i a n a , W h i t e S a g e S a l v i a a ~ i a n a X S a l v i a m e l l i f e r a S a l v i a c a n a r i e n s i s S a l v i a c h i o n o ~ e ~ l i c a S a l v i a c l e v e l a n d i i X S a l v i a ~ a c h v ~ h v l l a S a l v i a l e u c o ~ h v l l a , P u r p l e S a g e S a l v i a m e l l i f e r a , B l a c k S a g e S a l v i a m o h a v e n s i s X S a l v i a v a s e v i S a l v i a m u n z i i S a l v i a o f f i c i n a l i s , S a g e S a l v i a s ~ l e n d e n s , S c a r l e t S a g e Thvmus v u l a a r i s , Thyme

The c u r r e n t l y known C a l i f o r n i a d i s t r i b u t i o n o f E. e l e n a n s e x t e n d s f r o m I m p e r i a l C o u n t y a n d S a n D i e g o C o u n t y , o n t h e M e x i c a n B o r d e r , n o r t h a n d w e s t t o S a n t a B a r b a r a C o u n t y . T h i s c o v e r s a n a r e a o f some 3 0 0 by 1 0 0 m i l e s .

B e t w e e n J a n u a r y 1 5 t h a n d F e b r u a r y 5 t h , 1 9 8 5 , I o b s e r v e d t h e m i n t a p h i d p o p u l a t i o n t o e x p a n d r a t h e r d r a m a t i c a l l y u n d e r f i e l d c o n d i t i o n s i n t h e R i v e r s i d e a r e a . I t w a s n e a r l y i m p o s s i b l e t o f i n d a n y f o r m o f t h i s a p h i d a s l a t e a s J a n u a r y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , e v e n o n p r e f e r r e d h o s t s , s u c h a s S a l v i a m e l l i f e r a . By J a n u a r y 2 2 , 1 9 8 5 , 2 o r 3 l e a v e s o n a 1 a r g e S . m e l l i f e r a p l a n t t y p i c a l l y w o u l d h a v e 1 o r 2 a l a t e s , e a c h w i t h 2 o r 3 y o u n g n y m p h s . By J a n u a r y 3 0 , 1 9 8 5 t h e s e s a m e 2 o r 3 l e a v e s w o u l d b e c o v e r e d o n t h e u n d e r s i d e b y 3 o r 4 a l a t e s a n d many y o u n g a n d d e v e l o p i n g n y m p h s . D u r i n g t h i s 2 2 d a y o b s e r v a t i o n p e r i o d , t h e f i e l d t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e was : h i g h maximum 2 Q 0 c , h i g h minimum 8 ' ~ ; l o w maximum ~ O C , l o w minimum 2 ' ~ ; w i t h t w o p e r i o d s o f p r e c i p i t a t i o n t o t a l l i n g 0.84". T h i s y e a r E. e l e a a n s h a d b e e n t a k e n i n t h e f i e l d o n l y on f o u r s p e c i e s o f L a m i a c e a e b y J a n u a r y 2 4 , 1 9 8 5 . By F e b r u a r y 5 , 1 9 8 5 i t h a d b e e n r e c o r d e d o n 1 3 s p e c i e s o f t h e a p p r o x i m a t e l y 3 0 s p e c i e s o f L a m i a c e a e o r i g i n a l l y s u r v e y e d . Due t o t e m p e r a t u r e s a s l o w a s - 5 ' ~ i n t h e C o a c h e l l a V a l l e y d u r i n g J a n u a r y a n d F e b r u a r y 1 9 8 5 , we h a v e b e e n u n a b l e , s o f a r , t o d e t e c t E. g l e a a n s i n p r e v i o u s l y i n f e s t e d c o m m e r c i a l m i n t f i e l d s .

The c r o w d e d c o n d i t i o n s o b s e r v e d on t h e s e i n d i v i d u a l l e a v e s may b e c o n d u c i v e t o t h e p r o d u c t i o n o f a l a t e f o r m s , w h i c h w o u l d b e b e n e f i c i a l t o t h e s p e c i e s f o r r a p i d d i s p e r s a l a n d c o l o n i z a t i o n . Some p r e - a l a t e f o r m s a l r e a d y h a v e b e e n o b s e r v e d u n d e r t h e s e c o n d i t i o n s .

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C . P . P . D . R . - March 1 9 8 5

A m y c o s i s a t t a c k i n g E. g l e n a n s was f i r s t o b s e r v e d J a n u a r y 2 2 , 1 9 8 5 by S t e v e n J. C a s t l e , USDA-ARS a n d t h e a u t h o r w h i l e s u r v e y i n g -11- m e l L i f e r a X a l y - a i a n a p l a n t s i n t h e L a m i a c e a e t e s t p l o t s m a i n t a i n e d b y t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f C a l i f o r n i a , R i v e r s i d e , B o t a n i c G a r d e n . T h e d i s e a s e d i n d i v i d u a l s c h a n g e i n c o l o r f r o m t h e i r n o r m a l l i g h t t o m e d i u m g r e e n t o a b r i g h t t o d u l l r e d . T h i s c o l o r c h a n g e m a k e s t h e i r d e t e c t i o n e a s y . T h e f u n g a l e t i o l o g i c a g e n t h a s b e e n i d e n t i f i e d a s E n t o m o ~ h t h o r q g l a n c h o n i a n a , C o r n u ( E n t o m o p h t h o r a 1 e s : E n t o m o p h t h o r a c e a e ) b y K e n Y . A r a k a w a , U n i v e r s i t y o f C a l i f o r n i a , R i v e r s i d e , E n t o m o l o g y D e p a r t m e n t / B i o l o g i c a l C o n t r o l D i v i s i o n . T h i s e n t o m o g e n o u s f u n g u s a p p e a r s t o k i l l E. e l e n a n s r a t h e r r a p i d l y . The c a d a v e r r e m a i n s a t t a c h e d t o t h e l e a f by r h i z o i d s t h a t p e n e t r a t e t h e d e a d a p h i d ' s i n t e g u m e n t a n d a n c h o r i t t o t h e l e a f . F r o m t h i s a d v a n t a g e o u s p o s i t i o n t h e m a t u r i n g f u n g a l c o n i d i a may b e d i s p e r s e d i n t o t h e s u r r o u n d i n g e n v i r o n m e n t . The b e h a v i o r a l t e n d e n c y f o r t h i s a p h i d t o c r o w d many i n d i v i d u a l s o n t o a g i v e n l e a f p r e d i s p o s e s t h e p o p u l a t i o n t o t h i s t y p e o f a m y c o s i s . Due t o t h e c l o s e p r o x i m i t y o f t h e i n d i v i d u a l a p h i d s , t h e d i s p e r s i n g c o n i d i a f r o m t h e c a d a v e r s w o u l d i m m e d i a t e l y come i n c o n t a c t w i t h o t h e r p o t e n t i a l l y s u s c e p t i b l e h o s t s . A s many a s 2 0 % o f t h e a p h i d s o n a g i v e n l e a f h a v e b e e n o b s e r v e d t o b e d e a d a n d r e d i n c o l o r d u e t o t h i s m y c o s i s . T h i s may w e l l e x e r t a c e r t a i n l e v e l o f n a t u r a l c o n t r o l o n t h i s new p e s t .

U n d e r f a v o r a b l e c o n d i t i o n s , t h i s a p h i d h a s b e e n o b s e r v e d t o b u i l d up t o h i g h p o p u l a t i o n l e v e l s , s u c h a s d u r i n g J u n e 1 9 8 4 o n c e r t a i n S a l v b s p e c i e s i n t h e U C R B o t a n i c Garden . A t t h a t t ime , honeydew a n d s o o t y m o l d were a p r o b l e m . C o n s e q u e n t l y , t h e a p h i d s were t r e a t e d w i t h a n i n s e c t i c i d e t o r e d u c e t h e p o p u l a t i o n .

A S H / L I L A C B O R E R , P ~ d o s e s i a ayrlggae B - I n May 1 9 7 9 l e p i d o p t e r i s t Tom E i c h l i n d i s c o v e r e d t h e p r e s e n c e i n S a c r a m e n t o o f t h e a s h / l i l a c b o r e r ( P o d o s e s i a s v r i n n a e , S e s i i d a e ) , a s e r i o u s p e s t o f a s h , l i l a c a n d p r i v e t ( N e w S t a t e R e c o r d 1 9 7 9 , CPPR-USDA 4 ( 1 8 ) : 3 1 3 ) . W i t h t h e a i d o f s e x a t t r a c t a n t s , s u r v e y s o f t h e a r e a r e v e a l e d a w i d e s p r e a d i n f e s t a t i o n i n t h e c i t y a n d s u r r o u n d i n g c o u n t y b u t a s y e t n o w h e r e e l s e i n t h e s t a t e . I n a f o l l o w u p r e p o r t ( 1 9 8 1 - C P P R - C a l 4 ( 9 ) : 9 6 ) , D r . E i c h l i n v e r i f i e d t h a t v a r i o u s a s h e s , i n c l u d i n g h y b r i d v a r i e t i e s , a n d l i l a c w e r e s e r v i n g a s h o s t p l a n t s f o r t h e c l e a r w i n g mo th b o r e r i n t h e a r e a .

S i n c e t h e i n i t i a l d i s c o v e r y o f t h e p e s t i n C a l i f o r n i a a n d b e c a u s e i t s r e p o r t e d h o s t s a r e i n t h e s a m e f a m i l y a s o l i v e ( Q l g a e u r o ~ a e a ) , we h a v e b e e n c o n c e r n e d a b o u t o l i v e b e c o m i n g a new h o s t . O u r f e a r s were j u s t i f i e d l a s t A u g u s t w h e n Ron S o m e r b y r e c o g n i z e d a l a r v a i n a n o l i v e b r a n c h s a m p l e a s b e i n g a s e s i i d . Tom t h e n v e r i f i e d t h a t i t was t h e a s h / l i l a c b o r e r , t h u s p r o v i n g t h a t o l i v e i s v u l n e r a b l e t o a t t a c k by t h i s b o r e r . S u b s e q u e n t l y , t h e s a m p l e d t r e e , a n o r n a m e n t a l p l a n t i n g n e a r a new o f f i c e c o m p l e x , w a s e x a m i n e d a n d shown t o h a v e d e a d b r a n c h e s t h r o u g h o u t , p r e s u m a b l y t h e d i r e c t r e s u l t o f b o r e r a c t i v i t y .

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C . P . P . D . R . - March 1985

S i n c e t h a t f i r s t i d e n t i f i c a t i o n b y Tom E i c h l i n l a s t f a l l o f t h e B - r a t e d a s h / l i l a c b o r e r f r o m a n o r n a m e n t a l p l a n t i n g o f o l i v e i n S a c r a m e n t o , o u r D e t e c t i o n U n i t h a s b e e n c o n c e r n e d a b o u t t h e p o t e n t i a l e f f e c t o f t h i s p e s t i n c o m m e r c i a l o l i v e o r c h a r d s . They h a v e e n l i s t e d D r . E i c h l i n l s a i d t o s e t u p a t r a p p i n g s t u d y u s i n g s e x a t t r a c t a n t b a i t s i n t h e m a j o r o l i v e p r o d u c i n g a r e a s i n t h e C e n t r a l V a l l e y .

A d d i t i o n a l l y , P a m B o n e , S a c r a m e n t o C o u n t y E x t e n s i o n S e r v i c e E n t o m o l o g i s t , i s c o o p e r a t i n g w i t h Tom t o c o n d u c t a s y s t e m a t i c s u r v e y i n S a c r a m e n t o t o d e t e r m i n e t h e e x a c t f l i g h t p e r i o d ( e m e r g e n c e p e r i o d ) f o r t h i s same p e s t . F o r t u n a t e l y , a n o t h e r p e s t , t h e r e d - b a n d e d c l e a r w i n g ( S v n a n t h e d o n c u l i c i f o r m i s ) , w h i c h i s d e v a s t a t i n g w h i t e a l d e r s i n v a r i o u s p a r t s o f t o w n , a l s o r e s p o n d s t o t h e s e x a t t r a c t a n t u s e d t o t r a p t h e a s h / l i l a c b o r e r m a l e s ; s o , t h e s u r v e y w i l l b e e x p a n d e d t o i n c l u d e b o t h p e s t s p e c i e s . T h i s e m e r g e n c e d a t a a n d l e n g t h o f f l i g h t p e r i o d i n f o r m a t i o n a r e c r i t i c a l t o t h e t i m e l y a p p l i c a t i o n o f a p p r o p r i a t e c o n t r o l p r o c e d u r e s .

- D r . J. W e n d e l l S n o w , D i r e c t o r , WSDA L a b . , B y r o n , G e o r g i a , who c o l l a b o r a t e s w i t h D r . E i c h l i n o n s e v e r a l r e s e a r c h p r o j e c t s , h a s v e r y k i n d l y p r o v i d e d t h e s e x a t t r a c t a n t f o r a l l o f t h e a b o v e m e n t i o n e d s t u * d i e s a t n o c o s t t o o u r D e p a r t m e n t . D e t e c t i o n i s p r o v i d i n g t h e t r a p s ; Pam Bone a n d h e r g r o u p w i l l b e d e p l o y i n g a n d m o n i t o r i n g t h e t r a p s u s e d i n t h e l o c a l s u r v e y . A l l o f t h i s i s s c h e d u l e d t o b e g i n i n e a r l y March .

S e e p h o t o s o f A s h / L i l a c B o r e r a n d c u r r e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n map o n c o v e r .

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c .P .P .D .R . - March 1 9 8 5 P a g e 6 0

A MEALYBUG, P s e u d o c o c c ~ s p . Q - An u n d e s c r i b e d m e a l y b u g h a s b e e n r e c o l l e c t e d f r o m a g a v e i n M o n t e c i t o , S a n t a B a r b a r a C o u n t y d u r i n g O c t o b e r . The i n i t i a l c o l l e c t i o n was made b y J o e K a r l o n O c t o b e r 1 , a n d s u b s e q u e n t r e c o l l e c t i o n s were made by J o e K a r l a n d G e r r y D a v i d s o n . The m e a l y b u g s were o r i g i n a l l y c o l l e c t e d n e a r t h e same l o c a t i o n i n A p r i l o f 1 9 8 1 by R i c h a r d D o u t t .

T h e s p e c i e s i s e i t h e r u n d e s c r i b e d o r a v a r i a n t o f a M e x i c a n s p e c i e s c a l l e d P s e u d o c o o o u s u a v i s . The t a x o n o m y f o t h e a g a v e - i n f e s t i n g g r o u p o f P s e u d o c c u g s p e c i e s w i l l h a v e t o b e s t u d i e d i n d e p t h b e f o r e a c o n c l u s i o n c a n b e r e a c h e d o n a n e x a c t i d e n t i f i c a t i o n .

T h e m e a l y b u g seems t o b e r e s t r i c t e d t h u s f a r t o t h e a g a v e g r o u p o f p l a n t s a n d p r o b a b l y w i l l n o t b e o f e c o n o m i c c o n c e r n .

QUARAITIIB A I D BXCLUSIOI

GYPSY MOTH, L v m a n t r i a d i S ~ a r -(A)- The f o l l o w i n g c h a r t o u t l i n e s t h e mo th f i n d s f o r t h e m o n t h s o f S e p t e m b e r , O c t o b e r :

ldu&Y O r i n i s Date shu2 C o l l e o t o r

O R O R SD H v SBO SM

O R ALA

N e w J e r s e y M a s s a c h u s e t t s

N e w York N e w York M a r y l a n d M a r y l a n d

M a s s a c h u s e t t s

N e w York

N e w York N e w York

Wynn Wynn

C o c h r a n e S p a d o n i

H i l l i s C r u z e n

Sampson / M a s i n i

McCutcheon / S i x t u s

P a r k B r o w n f i e l d

TEHT CATERPILLARS, M a h a c o s o m a s p . - ( Q ) - S e v e r a l s p e c i m e n s o f t h i s i n j u r i o u s g r o u p o f m o t h s we14e d i s c o v e r e d w h i l e i n s p e c t i n g f o r g y p s y mo th :

C o u n t y O r i g i n D a t e S t a g e C o l l e c t o r

SD P e n n s y l v a n i a 8 / 3 0 SD N e w York 8 / 3 0 V P e n n s y l v a n i a 9 / 1 3 SLO M i c h i g a n 1 0 / 1 0

O R P e n n s y l v a n i a 1 0 / 1 8

G i n s k y B e r t r a n d

A r n o l d M c C a s l i n / S m i t h b a c k

W y a t t

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