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C. Candace ChouUniversity of St. Thomas
January 2011
Opportunities for Organizational Learning and Educational Training
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Kolk’s Experiential Learning Cycle
Do
ObserveThink
Plan
Kolb, David A. 1984. Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
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Experiencing by taking in data with one’s senses
Sharing and/or reflecting about the experience in order to make sense of it,
Generalizing in order to develop abstraction and hypotheses from data generated by the experience
•Developing a new course of action as a result of the experience•Apply the new learning from the experience in real-world situations
Learning by Doing
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Six Learnings: A framework for curricula design & evaluation
Field trip
Team work
Role-play
presentation
Case study
Conversation starters
Lim (2009)
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Why Team-based Experiential Learning
• Development of relationship• Disequilibrium• Projection of inner self• Increased speed of decision making• Meta learning• Creation of a safe environment while
encouraging risk taking• Embodiment of learning
Heiphetz, A., & Woodill, G. (2010)
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Best Practices
• Loyalist College Border Simulation
• Michelin Group• IBM China HR new-hire
orientation• Ernst & Young auditor
training
Heiphetz, A., & Woodill, G. (2010
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Loyalist College Canadian Border Simulation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCUWcpVPtMM
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Michelin Group Case Study
• A global tire manufacturer with factories in 170 countries
• Need to develop global standard processes and leverage best practices across the organization.
• The challenge was to train two hundred IS professionals in the US.
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Why
• The bad news is that all traditional training approaches failed. – Too many concepts– Not practical– Difficult to understand
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Second Life Came to the Rescue
• A virtual world-based program seems like a practical solution.
• Scenarios– A small team of people
attending a scheduled course under the supervision of an instructor
– A place for individual trainees to come back regularly for practice after attending the course
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Scenario-Based Learning
• Trainees went through a sequence of three workshops first.
• The final step is to create a road map for developing and installing the information systems applications.
• Trainees engaged in interactive exercises to meet their business targets while not exceeding budget constraints.
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User FeedbackI understand the EA methodology
(%)
Second Life appropriate to learn
about EA (%)Very true 60.7 59.5True 35.6 38.0Somewhat True
3.7 2.5
Not True 0 0
Cost: $100,000 in preparing the training environment in Second Life.
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Lesson Learned• Total immersion invoked an intense
gamelike passion: Trainees would not leave until they had completed all exercises.
• Second Life allowed Michelin’s training staff to pack a lot of interactive learning experiences within a very short amount of time, cutting training time.
• It is easy to create “reality” in a virtual world; hands-on workshop helped understand concepts and provided immediate feedback
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Why
• Provide immersive experience in IBM culture, history, and organization and promote team spirit by collaboration
• Developed by IBM China HR team
• 600 participants
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Learning Activities
• Blue Pathway Exhibition Hall: A 3D space for candidates to review IBM history, organization, values, career development, securities, and other information.
• Blue Pathway Summer Island: A team-based content co-creation project. The virtual teams planned, designed, and developed contents on separate parts of the island.
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Formats
• Synchronous meetings• Access self-paced
asynchronous learning materials any time
• Organized team-building, collaboration, and leadership-building activities that strengthened corresponding skills.
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Feedback
• High levels of satisfaction from post project interviews
• Tremendous cost saving compared to real-life events
• Significant measureable reduction in spending required to orient new hires
1. Simulation: Ernst & Young Cookie Factory for Auditors
•A global consulting and accounting company in more than 140 companies with more than $24B in revenue•Experimental training exercise for junior auditors
http://2b3d.net/eymovie.htm
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Ernst & Young
• The Challenge– New hires spent an average of 130
hours mostly in the classroom training during the first year
– Inventory observation (IO) is the essential skills
– Not all new accountants master the process when they are on the ground
• Why 3D– Develop various scenarios to help
new auditors through a 3D learning experience.
Graphic: http://www.brandon-hall.com/workplacelearningtoday/?p=4357
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Ernst & Young• Making the case– Conduct a pilot to address 2
questions1. Can participants learn as much
as they do in F2F classes2. Does completing a ILE
(immersive learning experience) more effectively prepare the participants than a traditional ILT (instructor-led training)?
Graphic: http://www.brandon-hall.com/workplacelearningtoday/?p=4357
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• The solution– Orientation– Content learning via videos,
information kiosks, and interactive games
– Tour the factory– Begin inventory observation
process– Conclude with final
compilation activity
http://www.outsourcing-journal.com/mar2009-acs.html?email011369
•The Results and Lesson Learned
• 3-D learning better prepared new auditors
• Cost-effective alternative to on-site training
• Capture the knowledge of retiring professionals
• Need proper orientation and computers for staff
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References
• Heiphetz, A., & Woodill, G. (2010). Training and collaboration with virtual worlds: How to create cost-saving, effecient, and engaging programs. New York: McGraw Hill.
• Lim, K. Y. T. (April 2009). The Six Learnings of Second Life: A framework for designing curricular interventions in-world [Electronic Version]. Journal of Virtual Worlds Research, 2. Retrieved April 17, 2009 from http://jvwresearch.org/.
• Zielke, M. A., Roome, T. C., & Krueger, A. B. (April 2009). A Composite Adult Learning Model for Virtual World Residents with Disabilities: A Case Study of the Virtual Ability Second Life® Island [Electronic Version]. Journal of Virtual Worlds Research, 2(1). Retrieved April 17, 2009 from http://jvwresearch.org/.