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By Renzo Secchi
LOCATION
SPAIN IS LOCATED ON THE
IBERIAN PENINSULA. IT IS IN
THE SOUTHWEST OF EUROPE.
SPAIN IS BORDERED BY
PORTUGAL, GIBRALTAR,
ANDORRA AND FRANCE .
GIBRALTAR IS A WATERWAY
THAT SEPARATES SPAIN
FROM AFRICA.
IN SPAIN THERE ARE 17 AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES AND 2 SELF-GOVERNING TERRITORIES (CEUTA AND MELILLA)
STATISTICALS DATA
Flag Coat of arms
Capital Madrid
Population 47,737.94
Official language Spanish
Recognised regional
languages
Aragonese Asturian Basque
Catalan Galician Occitan
North : Francia
South : Africa
East :Italia
West :Portugal
Area 505,370 km
Currency Euro
Unitary parliamentary
constitutional monarchy
Monarch : Felipe VI
Prime Minister : Mariano Rajoy
SPAIN
Government
Limit
HISTORY
First Iberian
settlements in
the south of
the peninsula
Rome began to
exercise its
influence and
controlled the entire
peninsula by the
time of Christ.
218 ac
2000 ac
Muslim troops
cross the Strait of
Gibraltar and defeat
the Visigoth king
Rodrigo at the
battle of Guadalete
711 ac
1469
1492
Two Christian kingdoms,
Castile and Aragón,
emerged. The marriage
of Isabella I (Queen of
Castile) to Fernando II
(King of Aragón) united
the kingdoms
Christopher Columbus
sailed under the
Spanish flag to the
Americas. That same
year, most Jews and
Muslims were expelled
from Spain, and the
“reconquest” was
completed
One of Spain’s most
famous rulers was Philip
II (1556–98), who fought
many wars in the name of
the Roman Catholic
Church
1556-1598
Spain began to lose
territory and influence in
the 18th century,
beginning with the War of
the Spanish Succession
1701
Spain had lost most of its
overseas possessions.
1898
1850
It lost other territory to the
United States
HISTORY
King Alfonso
XIII gave up
the throne
when the
people called
for a republic.
A brutal civil war
erupted between
the Nationalists (led
by Francisco
Franco) and the
Republicans.
1936
1931 1969
1982
1986
The Spanish Socialist
Workers Party, led by
Felipe González, won
elections
Spain joined the
European Union (EU)
The crisis brought
down González’s
government
1996
Terrorists believed to be
linked to al-Qaeda
bombed Madrid train
stations, killing nearly two
hundred people.
2004
The global recession
hit spain economy
hard, causing record
high unemployment
rates that peaked at
more than 26
percent in 2013
2013
2008
Roughly a hundred
migrants broke
down sections of the
fence surrounding
Melilla, one of
Spain's two
territories in North
Africa, to illegally
enter the EU
Franco named Juan
Carlos de Borbón y
Borbón as his eventual
successor. Juan Carlos
became King Juan Carlos
I when he instituted a
democratic constitutional
monarchy and a system
of autonomous regional
governments
2014
In October The
Constitutional court
ruled Catalonia's
planned 9 November
independence
referendum was
illegal.
POPULATION
• The Spanish people are a mix of
Mediterranean and Nordic
ancestry but are considered a
homogeneous ethnic group.
• A small portion of the population
is composed of immigrants from
Latin American nations, other
European countries, Africa, and
Asia.
• Spain’s population density is
lower than that of most European
countries
POPULATION STRUCTURE BY AGE AND SEX. YEAR 2014.
Source: Aragon Institute of Statistics using data from the
Municipal Register of Inhabitants on January 1, 2014
Castilian Spanish is the main language of business and government.
Spanish is the language of instruction throughout the country, except in
Catalonia and the Basque region.
English is the most common foreign language, followed by French.
LANGUAGE
Language: %
Castellano 74%
Catalán 17%
Gallego 7%
Vasco 2%
LINGUISTIC MAP
RELIGION
• Spain has no official religion but is largely
a roman catholic nation; 94 percent of the
people are baptized members
• Catholic traditions (baptisms, weddings,
funerals, and family ties) remain an integral
part of society even though many people do
not consider themselves religious.
• Freedom of religion, granted in the 1970s,
opened the way for Spaniards to join other
churches.
GENERAL ATTITUDES
Sociable
Helpful
Personal
pride
Uncomfortable
with silence
Project an
impression
of affluence
Quite
talkativeRules and
punctuality
Enjoy
giving
advice
PERSONAL APPEARENCE
• Style and quality of clothing are important
indicators of a person’s status and
respectability.
• Men usually dress conservatively, avoiding
flashy or bright colors.
• Women like to be stylish, and children are
dressed as nicely as possible.
• Spaniards tend to dress up when going out
in public.
• Colorful regional costumes are sometimes
worn for festivities.
GREETINGS
• Men usually greet each other with a handshake.
• Good friends often add a pat on the back and, if they have not
• Seen each other for some time, an abrazo (hug).
• Women may greet other women by giving one
kiss on each cheek. such kisses are also very
common between a man and a woman when
a friend introduces them for the first time, if
they haven’t seen each other for some time,
or if they are bidding farewell.
GESTURE
• Spaniards stand close and frequently touch one another on the arm while conversing.
• One indicates “yes” by nodding the head up and down and “no” by moving it side to
side.
• Spaniards often use exaggerated hand gestures and facial expressions to support
what they are saying.
• They may also speak loudly,
laugh, and smile a lot.
• Pointing at others is impolite.
EATING
• In the Spanish culture is easily the
least important meal of the day,
occurring first thing in the morning
until about 10:00 am.
• Many Spaniards skip breakfast but if
they do have breakfast it will likely be
something light and simple which
may consist of coffee, hot chocolate
or fresh squeezed orange juice
accompanied by a croissant, pastry,
or toast with jam. Another common
breakfast pastry which you will often
see available in bars are “churros”,
fried Spanish fritters with sugar.
DESAYUNO (BREAKFAST)
• Lunch, the most important meal of
the day, is eaten at about 2 pm
,generally consists of several
courses starting with a light first
course such as soup or salad, a
heavier second course of meat or
fish, fruit or a pastry as dessert,
followed by coffee or shots of
traditional liquor afterwards.
COMIDA (LUNCH)
• Dinner, similar to lunch but usually
lighter, is a late affair in Spain which
is normally served from 9 to 10:30
pm. in the summer time it is
common to see Spaniards sitting
down to dine as late as 12 am.
CENA (DINNER)
TAPAS
Finger food, or (tapas) can be anything that is served as a finger food usually in a small
bowl. One summons the server by raising a hand.
The bill, which is paid to the server, usually includes a service charge, although it is also
customary to leave a small tip (5–10 percent of the bill).
https://m3a.vhlcentral.com/sections/0/activities/3913?popup=1
FAMILY
HOUSING
• The buildings, which are usually bunched close
together, often look out over public patios or
swimming pools.
• Apartments tend to be quite small—no more than
two or three bedrooms—and there is rarely a
separate dining room.
• People normally eat in the kitchen or the living
room, which tends to be the home’s focal point,
the place where friends are entertained.
DIET
• Spanish cuisine is typically Mediterranean. fresh vegetables, meat, eggs,
chicken, and fish are common foods. like many other Europeans, Spaniards go
grocery shopping every day.
• Most fried foods are cooked in olive
oil. Meals often include two
courses: rice or pulse (e.g., lentils,
peas, beans),followed by fish or
meat, served with potatoes.
Valencian rice dish. Rice with fish, seafood, and/or meat.
PAELLA
Raw vegetable soup made of hard bread, tomato, cucumber, bell pepper, garlic,
olive oil, vinegar of wine, and salt.
GAZPACHO
Rice with calamari ink
ARROS NEGRE
GAMBAS AJILLO
(GARLIC PRAWNS)
Omelette with potatoes and onions.
TORTILLA ESPAÑOLA (SPANISH OMELET)
PATATAS BRAVAS
DANCE
FLAMENCO IS A VERY POPULAR DANCE IN SPAIN AND HAS
BEEN IN THEIR HISTORY.
TRADITIONAL SPANISH DANCES
This typical dance hails from the north of Spain, namely Aragón
Features a fast tempo as couples dance with their hands raised high above their heads playing
castanets
JOTA ARAGONESA
SEVILLANA
FIESTAS (FESTIVALS) AND TRADITIONS
LA CORRIDA DE TOROS (BULL FIGHTING)
• National sport of Spain.
• Bull fighting is very closely associated with Spain and can trace its origins back to 711 a.d
• This is when the first bullfight took place in celebration for the crowning of king Alfonso VIII.
• It is very popular in Spain with several thousand spaniards flocking to their local bull-ring
each week.
• It is said that the total number of people watching bullfights in spain reaches one million
every year
• The top bullfighter, called the matador, performs
the faena, which is a dance with death to
demonstrate his superiority over the bull
• One wrong move and the matador could be
impaled on the horns of the bull.
LA TOMATINA (TOMATO FIGHT)
La Tomatina is a food fight festival held on the last wednesday of august each year in the
town of Bunol near to Valencia in Spain. Thousands upon thousands of people make their
way from all corners of the world to fight in this 'world's biggest food fight' where more than
one hundred metric tons of over-ripe tomatoes are thrown in the streets.
LOS SAN FERMINES
• The fiestas of San Fermín are celebrated in Irunea/Pamplona, in the region of
Navarra, every year from the 6th to the 14th of July. They have become
internationally known because of the running of the bulls, where the bulls are lead
through the streets of the old quarter as far as the bull ring by runners.
• The fiestas are celebrated in honor of San Fermin, Patron Saint of Navarra,
although the religious aspect would seem to have taken on a secondary role over
the last number of years.
CARNAVAL
SEMANA SANTA
JAVIER BARDEM
PENELOPE CRUZ
FAMOUS PERSONALITIES
RAFAEL NADAL
IKER CASILLAS
ENRIQUE
IGLESIAS
FERNANDO ALONSO
PEDRO ALMODÓVAR
ANTONIO BANDERAS
RECREATION
• Soccer (fútbol) is the most popular spectator sport in Spain. Fans often crowd homes
and local bars to watch important matches.
SPORTS
EL FUTBOL (TEAMS)
PLAYERS AND SHIRTS
https://m3a.vhlcentral.com/sections/0/activities/21118/popup?program_id=40
CAMP NOU STADIUM
SANTIAGO BERNABEU STADIUM
ARTS
PRADO MUSEUM
PAINTERS
PABLO PICASSO
EL GUERNICA
FRANCISCO DE
GOYA
THE FAMILY OF CARLOS IV
SOCIETY
PRIME MINISTER MARIANO RAJOYHEAD OF STATE: KING FELIPE VI
ESTRUCTURE
• Spain’s bicameral legislature (las cortes generales) consists of a 259-seat
senate and a 350-seat congress of deputies, the latter having the greater power.
POLITICAL PARTIES
ECONOMY
• Major industries in Spain include textiles and apparel, food, metals, chemicals,
automobiles, and machine tools.
• Tourism is increasingly important to economic development, especially in coastal regions.
• Agriculture employs less than one-tenth of the labor force, but the country is a world
leader in the production of wine and olive oil.
• Economic conditions improved substantially after Spain joined the European Union (EU) in
1986.
TOURISM ATTRACTIONS
Palacio Real (Royal Palace)
The Palacio Real (Royal Palace) of Madrid is the official residence of the King of Spain although it is
only used for state ceremonies. The Royal Palace was built between 1738 to 1755 and King Carlos III
took up residence in the palace in 1764.
The Sagrada Familia is a large roman catholic church in Barcelona, and one of Spain’s most visited tourist
attractions. it’s a design by Antoni Gaudí, a Catalan architect who worked on this project for almost 40
years until his death in 1926. the construction of the basilica began in 1882 and still as yet not finished.
The Sagrada Familia
Ibiza is one of the Balearic islands in the Mediterranean sea, off the coast of Spain. The island
is one of the most popular party destinations in all of Europe.
IBIZA
El Escorial is the ultimate symbol of Spain’s former royal glory. Lying 50 kilometres outside Madrid,
this UNESCO-listed sixteenth century royal complex was built under the orders of King Philip II of
Spain between 1563 and 1567.
THE ESCORIAL
PLAZA MAYOR OF MADRID
Once the principal mosque of western Islam and still known as the Mezquita, Cordoba mosque
is one of the largest in the world and the finest achievement of Moorish architecture in Spain.
The Great Mosque of Cordoba (Mezquita)
AGRICULTURE
• Agriculture employs less than one-tenth
of the labor force, but the country is a
world leader in the production of wine
and olive oil.
• Farm and ranch products include
grains, citrus fruits, wine grapes,
vegetables, and animals.
TRANSPORTATION
El Talgo 350, comúnmente conocido como el “Pato”, es el tercer tren más rápido de Europa y el quinto de mayor
velocidad en el mundo con 46 unidades en servicio en España.
TRANSPORTATION
The Siemens Velaro e, commonly known as AVS 103 in Spain, is the second fastest train in Europe and the fourth
highest rate in the world. the train design is based on an evolution of the ice 3 developed for the operator Deutsche
Bahn.
EDUCATION
• Education in Spain is free and it lasts from 6 to 16 years of age.
• Children from the ages of 3-5 have the opportunity of attending pre-school,
which is free for all students
• The child can get a job when he or she is 16 years old
• The current education in Spain is known as the fundamental law of education
PUBLIC HEALTH CARE
• Until recently Spain provided universal health care to all of its citizens under a tax-
financed scheme run by Ingesa (Instituto Nacional de Gestión Sanitaria), part of the
ministry of health and social policy (Ministerio de Sanidad, servicios sociales y
igualdad). the management of these services has now been decentralised and
transferred to the distinct autonomous regions (Comunidades Autonomas) with
corresponding powers and responsibilities.
• Over 90% of the population in Spain makes use of the public system for their
medical needs. The most frequent model allows Spaniards to choose their primary
care doctor (GP), through which they access the rest of the system.
HEALTH
PRIVATE HEALTH CARE
• An estimated 18% of the population holds private health insurance including
most civil servants who have the choice of coverage by the public or the private
systems. this insurance is used either as a supplement or an alternative to
public care.
• The advantage of private insurance is that the companies have their own
network of hospitals, clinics and laboratories. Policyholders usually do not have
to wait as long for treatment.