by Daniel R. Barnes

Init 9/13/2006

WARNING:This presentation contains images that were taken via search engine from the Internet without permission.Copying and distributing this presentation may violate copyright laws.In fact, its mere existence may be illegal.

. . . look at a statement, determine whether it is a hypothesis, a theory, or a law, and explain why.

“SWBAT = “Students will be able to”

. . . explain how theories and laws evolve over time.

“SWBAT = “Students will be able to”

If you are waiting for Mr. Barnes to take roll and/or sign everyone in to class, please prepare yourself for the lesson by reading the following and taking notes:

pp 22 – 25“The Scientifc Method” and“Collaboration and Communication”

Click this button if you’re in a NORMAL

chemistry section.

Click this button if you’re in an HONORS

chemistry section

If you’re in HONORS Chemistry, we only have one day to do the scientific method.

Therefore, once you’ve read the section in the textbook on the Scientific Method, we need to go straight to the oral quiz stage.

Click this button if you’re in an HONORS

chemistry section and it’s time to jump to the oral quiz.

Biology

Chemistry

Earth Science

Physics

Biology Chemistry

Earth Science Physics

Investigationand

Experimentation

The ScientificMethod

PROBLEM

HYPOTHESIS

EXPERIMENT

EXPERIMENT

Because the hypothesis has to be tested by an experiment, a hypothesis is no good if it’s not testable.

EXPERIMENTAlbert Einstein

Albert Einstein

SUNE

19151687

F = Gm1m2

R2

?

Isaac Newton

?

May 29, 1919

HYPOTHESISTHEORY

Did Sir Arthur Eddington or Albert Einstein have any control over the eclipse that happened that day?

EXPERIMENT

Alexander Fleming

EXPERIMENT

Roy J. Plunkett

EXPERIMENT

PROBLEM

HYPOTHESIS

EXPERIMENTEXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENTEXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENTS

EXPERIMENTEXPERIMENTEXPERIMENTEXPERIMENTEXPERIMENTEXPERIMENT

PROBLEM

HYPOTHESIS

EXPERIMENT

THEORY LAW

EXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENTS

“Correlation does not imply causation.”

EXAMPLE: You may only get a fever when you’re sick, but that doesn’t mean that the fever is causing your sickness. In fact, the fever is one of your body’s tools for making you get better.

(but it may hint at it)

EXAMPLE: Studies have shown that women who undergo hormone replacement therapy have lower coronary heart disease rates than those who don’t.

“Correlation does not imply causation.”

EXAMPLE: Certain epidemiological studies have shown that women who undergo hormone replacement therapy have lower coronary heart disease rates than those who don’t.

BUT: Further randomized studies actually showed that HRT correlated with an increase in coronary heart disease.

Wait, what? It turned out that women who get HRT tend to be from higher socio-economic groups. Those women, being more educated than normal, having more free time than normal, and having more money, eat more sensible diets, exercise more, etc.. It’s exercise and diet that reduce HRT.

PROBLEM

HYPOTHESIS

EXPERIMENT

THEORY LAW

EXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENTS

I need to make sure that everybody learned the most important stuff in the lesson.

“Did you get it” questions are a stage in my lessons where I check for understanding.

During “Did you get it” questions, please do not shout out the answers.

“Did you get it” questions are an oral quiz that directly affects your class participation grade.

Don’t answer unless you are called on.

If you are called on, try your hardest to get the right answer. Don’t just give up. At least guess.

Title of diagram?The Scientific Method

1st step?Problem

2nd step?Hypothesis

3rd step?Experiment

?Theory ?Law

Secret Engineering Jump Button

Q: What is the main difference between a hypothesis and a theory?A: A hypothesis has not yet been tested. To become a theory, a hypothesis must survive repeated experimentation.

Q: What is the difference between a law and a theory?A: A law is merely a statement of what happens. A theory tries to explain why things happen the way they do.

Q: Doctor Philomena Jenkins says, “If I pour water on the sidewalk, a magical fairy will suddenly appear.” Is this a good hypothesis or not? Why?

A: The fairy probably won’t appear, but she can always TEST her idea by actually pouring some water on the sidewalk, so, even though it sounds crazy, it’s still a good hypothesis.

Take a minute to write down, on your notes, what you THINK the answer to the upcoming question is.

When the minute is up, PAIR up with the person sitting next to you and discuss your answers.

After you’ve had a minute to talk it over with your partner, your teacher will call for silence and ask a random person to SHARE what he/she and his/her partner talked about.

Okay. Here comes the question . . .

Q: Why is it dangerous to say that experiments “prove” hypotheses, laws, and theories?

Click this button if you’re an ENGINEERING

chemistry section.

Click this button if you’re an NOT an ENGINEERING

chemistry section.

19Design Design

ProcessProcess

Define the Problem

3Research

4Develop Ideas

5Choose Best Idea

6Model or Prototype

7Test and Evaluate

8Improve Design

Communicate Results

2Brainstorm

19Design Design

ProcessProcess

Define the Problem

3Research

4Develop Ideas

5Choose Best Idea

6Model or Prototype

7Test and Evaluate

8Improve Design

Communicate Results

2BrainstormCompare and ContrastScience vs Design

Where on this diagram wouldYou put the various stagesOf the scientific method?

SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION ACTIVITY

Mr. Barnes, please raise the projection screen so that the

following diagram will project directly onto the whiteboard.

One or more students will be coming up shortly to write their groups’ responses on the whiteboard.

19Design Design

ProcessProcess

Define the Problem

3Research

4Develop Ideas

5Choose Best Idea

6Model or Prototype

7Test and Evaluate

8Improve Design

Communicate Results

2Brainstorm

Okay, now you’re ready to do the Hypothesis vs Theory Worksheet &/or Power Point.

If you have the file in the folder where this power point resides, you can click the red button to the right to launch it.

If you don’t have the file on your hard drive, you can click the blue button to the right to launch the presentation from Mr. Barnes’ hhscougars.org web space.

Come back here when you’re done for your homework assignment!

Read pp 22 – 25, if you haven’t already.

1.3 Section Assessment, pg 25: questions 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. Click the red button to get Barnes’ power point with the answers.

Chapter 1 Assessment, pg 34: questions 50, 51, 53, 54, 55, 66, 67, 69, 73, 75, 77. Answers to odd #’d questions are on page R82. For all answers, click the yellow button to get a helpful pdf.

Push me for answers

Push me for answers