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Complete modular designed Pyrolysis Gasification SystemComplete modular designed Pyrolysis Gasification Systemthat responsibly consumes that responsibly consumes all organic & hydro carbonall organic & hydro carbonmaterials and other wastes materials and other wastes to produce renewable fuelsto produce renewable fuels

and/or generate electric power, other recyclables!and/or generate electric power, other recyclables!

1.  Waste Disposal Thru Thermal Distillation Pyrolysis All organic / hydrocarbon materials, such as municipal solid wastes (MSW), medical & hospital waste, used tires, coal, plastics, sewage, manure, wood, paper, bio-solids, etc., will vaporize into useable gases thru a horizontal continuous feed ‘Pyrolysis’ process…

2.   Landfill Methane Gas HarvestingLandfills are the best location for collecting

methane gas which reduces greenhouse emissions. Methane gas can be added to the pyrolysis system’s overall output, thereby increasing energy yields…

3.   Produce Renewable Green Fuels & Electric PowerNo one currently employed will be displaced in this business model.

Gases produced that don’t liquefy will be used to produce electric power. We project for every 2-jobs created at the facility itself will produce 3-new ones in the community to support and expand the facilities capabilities.

For MSW, we propose a 3-Step Plan to: For MSW, we propose a 3-Step Plan to: 1) Solve solid waste problems 2) Produce clean energy 3) Create local jobs 1) Solve solid waste problems 2) Produce clean energy 3) Create local jobs

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USA Coal ReservesUSA Coal Reserves

Coal TypesLignite, sub bituminous, bituminous, anthracite…

Depending on the amounts and types of carbon it contains and on the amount of heat energy it can produce, that we can extract and capture…

Existing operating principals of the 3-main types of Existing operating principals of the 3-main types of “coal-fired power plants”, their unique characteristics.“coal-fired power plants”, their unique characteristics.

Pulverized Coal (PC)Pulverized Coal (PC) – – Incineration for a PC boiler Incineration for a PC boiler

Crushed coal is pulverized to a fine powder and blown directly to individual burners where it Crushed coal is pulverized to a fine powder and blown directly to individual burners where it is mixed with pre-heated combustion air and combusted in the flame. The heat energy from is mixed with pre-heated combustion air and combusted in the flame. The heat energy from the combustion process is used to produce steam which drives a turbine-generator set to the combustion process is used to produce steam which drives a turbine-generator set to produce electricity…produce electricity…

Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB)Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) - - In a CFB boiler, In a CFB boiler,

Up-draft , the crushed coal, normally mixed with crushed limestone, is fluidized by passing Up-draft , the crushed coal, normally mixed with crushed limestone, is fluidized by passing pre-heated combustion air upward through a distributor plate. Combustion occurs in the pre-heated combustion air upward through a distributor plate. Combustion occurs in the fluidized zone above the distribution plate. The limestone reacts with sulfur from the coal to fluidized zone above the distribution plate. The limestone reacts with sulfur from the coal to reduce emissions of sulfur oxides. reduce emissions of sulfur oxides. Heat recovery, steam production and electricity generation are as described for the PC Heat recovery, steam production and electricity generation are as described for the PC boiler.boiler.

Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)(IGCC) - - In the IGCC process, coal is transformed into a synthetic gas under In the IGCC process, coal is transformed into a synthetic gas under pressure and temperature. The syn-gas is cleaned, to remove impurities such as sulfur and pressure and temperature. The syn-gas is cleaned, to remove impurities such as sulfur and particulates, then cooled for additional processing. Clean Syn-gas is fired in a combustion particulates, then cooled for additional processing. Clean Syn-gas is fired in a combustion turbine that drives a generator to produce electricity. The hot exhaust from the turbine is turbine that drives a generator to produce electricity. The hot exhaust from the turbine is passed through a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) to produce steam used to drive a passed through a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) to produce steam used to drive a second turbine-generator set.second turbine-generator set.

Tire recycling diesel oils, gas, carbon black, Tire recycling diesel oils, gas, carbon black, stainless steelstainless steel

Short-Ton Tire Yields…

• 125-gallons of diesel fuel• 200-lbs Stainless Steel• 665-lbs ‘Carbon Black’• 160-lbs Methane Gas (…for burners)

Conventional MSW Solid Material Preparation Conventional MSW Solid Material Preparation The basic preparation of all materials for the Pyrolysis System to perform to maximum efficiency is the The basic preparation of all materials for the Pyrolysis System to perform to maximum efficiency is the same as for land filling. Rocks, metal, glass and other non-energy producing recyclables are removed same as for land filling. Rocks, metal, glass and other non-energy producing recyclables are removed so the balance can be shredded, ground down to 2” minus, and/or mixed together for loading into the so the balance can be shredded, ground down to 2” minus, and/or mixed together for loading into the

system for gasifying, rather than burying it in local landfills, which are rapidly reaching capacitysystem for gasifying, rather than burying it in local landfills, which are rapidly reaching capacity ..

Thermal Distillation Processes “are not the same”!

Thermal de-polymerization is a transformation process, and although thermal in nature, it is not incineration…

Heat is used to vaporize and break down carbons / organic materials. This constitutes an advanced form of recycling because Pyrolysis doesn’t allow the material to ever come in direct contact with the heat source so no Oxygen is needed, or produced eliminating harmful emissions to the atmosphere, while boosting overall energy output…

Each of these ‘Vertical Combustion Gasification Each of these ‘Vertical Combustion Gasification Systems’ needs Oxygen…lots of it! Systems’ needs Oxygen…lots of it!

…requiring higher costs and “emission sequestration”!…requiring higher costs and “emission sequestration”!NOTE: at higher operating temperatures much of the lighter, cleaner gases produced, are destroyedNOTE: at higher operating temperatures much of the lighter, cleaner gases produced, are destroyed……

Horizontal, Pyrolysis Gasification Process Example (Horizontal, Pyrolysis Gasification Process Example (Oxygen Oxygen Free, Low Temp)Free, Low Temp)

Usual in-Feedstock Intake Chute

Super-efficient, Low emission burner

Flue Stack

Simple Blower

Continuous Feed System Auger

Tubes & Drives…

Char / Ash discharge

Enclosed combustion chamber

Gasified product vapors

Vapor condenser

Condensed liquid

Natural gas supply

Or use “producer gas”

Pressurized gas storage

•Not shown is the Oxygen Remove; chamber & materials loader…”set”

Internal view, continuously fed retort tubes ‘Zone 1&2’ where the waste is screw fed inside the combustion chamber by auger drives.

Average 1-hour time period. ‘SYN-GAS’ extracted continuously, is cooled and cleaned while the char ash exits the bottom, for recycling purposes.

Zone #1

Zone #2

Combustion chamberheat never comes in direct contact with the feed stock limiting CO2

5-sections together make up the 1.5ton/hr capacity

Stack emissions (w/heat exchanger- in red) are captured for use with IR LAMP materials dryer “zero emissions entering the atmosphere” _______

Captured Stack Emissions; from Pyrolysis unit…

…will be recycled-back into the IR Lamp powered ‘materials dryers’ assisting in front end moisture reduction, steam and moisture captured, nothing emitted anytime…!

“We will meet and exceed every EPA emission standard, in the world today…and anytime in the future”…Don Kalland

“IR Lamp” Commercial Sized Waste Materials Dryer … series of infrared heat lamps ‘tuned to the specific wavelength” of the material, can reach temps

above 800 degrees “C”. The additional heat-energy & moisture content for material gasification ”Aids the drying process”. ..(…captured gas, recycled as clean fuel)…

Zone #1

“Captured moisture gas / steam out…”

24’2” length

19’7” Chamber

Drive

Dry material out

Wet material in

Capacity is very accurate, adjusting between % vs. energy consumed?Single, double, quad zones, are all customized…”:if it takes 20-minutes, then we pass 6,000-lbs/hr

through them if reduction is 30%or less…do that 24/hrs…!

Pyrolysis unit is material fed into the “heated auger tubes” through a “revolving loader”…Material is distilled by duel fuel burners. Clean ‘syn-gas’ extracted can drive gas-turbines,

steam generators. Using another GTL process this ‘syn-gas’ can be reformed and converted into diesel oils & fuels and/or other chemicals.

Shown: 500-lb/hr ‘feed stock test’ chamber.

1.5-ton/hr model, 5-chambers measures 60” X 30’ long

Stack Emission Signature from Pyrolysis Unit “Will meet and exceed every / any EPA emission standard in the world today”…Golder Associates Inc.

OXYGEN 3%

CARBON DIOXIDE 10%

NITROGEN 87%

PM NOX CO VOC SO2 Dioxins/Furan

(ng – TEQ/Nm3)

HCl Cd Pb Hg

Regulatory Limits (Values are in mg/Nm3 unless noted.)

EPA Limits 18.4 219.8 89.2 61.2 29.1 0.01533 0.1533 0.0613

Protium Limits 0 <50 <40 <30 Nothing Detected ND ND ND ND

PM = particulate matter / Nox = oxides of nitrogen / CO = carbon monoxide / VOC=volatile organic compounds / SO2 = sulfur dioxide / Cd = Cadmium / Pb=Lead / Hg=Mercury ND=Nothing Detected !

Practical Advantages of Pyrolysis Plants

Systems are Modular & Portable, Scaleable

Safe for the Environment / Good for the community

Not all operations need to be in one location

Change what the plant consumes, and produces in the future

Electricity, Clean Fuels, Fresh Water, & other by-products

Photo’s of 1 of the 4-working commercial sized systems showing the Photo’s of 1 of the 4-working commercial sized systems showing the

gas powered 33-m/ton per day Pyrolysis Gasification system : gas powered 33-m/ton per day Pyrolysis Gasification system : Footprint approx Footprint approx ((7.41 m-L x 3.69 m-H x 4.13 m-W} wt: 15,400 kg7.41 m-L x 3.69 m-H x 4.13 m-W} wt: 15,400 kg) )

. .

SHOWN: Super clean gas clean-up for use in electric generation produced from wood chips…

Dr. Scott Cramton, creator of the Pyrolysis Dr. Scott Cramton, creator of the Pyrolysis Gasification System Gasification System

. .

Expert career in power generation: Dr. Scott Cramton has worked in the power generation industry for more than 35 years with a history of high efficiency and reliability.  Dr. Cramton has designed and overseen plants ranging in size from 2.5-MW to 200-MW. Dr. Cramton's efforts have made Laesa, Ltd. the lowest cost electricity supplier using heavy fuel, large bore internal combustion engineGenerators, while also reducing emissions from those generators.

Director of Research and Development, Laesa, Ltd.:  Dr. Cramton leads Laesa's efforts to reduce emissions and increase fuel efficiency of its power generation stations.  Dr. Cramton developed high efficiency and low emission gasification system to reduce the amount of expensive diesel fuel required for Laesa's Wartsila 18V32 series engines. The resultant lower cost and clean burning synthetic gas (Syn-gas - similar to CNG) is supplied to the diesel engine to reduce diesel fuel costs and emissions.  Protium gas generation from water which is then emulsified directly into heavy fuels to boost the energy content has also been a research area. 

Original subcontractor “Biogen; Dominican Republic”

Dr. Cramton’s original gasifier has been in operation at the factory for 5 years

More than 3,500 start / stop cycles without failure More than 50 types of feed stocks tested…

Dr. Scott then started a new company – Protium Energy LLC, incorporated in Florida, USA, to comply with “Made in USA” Requirements”

A Prototype Upgraded Version was designed and built (…system In RED)

It incorporated several improvements to increase the output concentration

PUV above, has been in successful commercial operation at a power plant in Dominican Republic for 2-years

 * Protium full-scale commercial upgraded version (CUV), 1,000-kg/hr minimum capacity. Pyrolysis unit will be available April 2014

Four CUV units are being assembled for installation at a Four CUV units are being assembled for installation at a Dominican Republic power plant Dominican Republic power plant

First unit will be ready April 2014 and available for viewing

Protium has $300 million of signed orders, following inspection of the first CUV in operation

Commercial Upgraded Version is identical to the prototype in all ways, except it is larger capacity

This system flowchart shows This system flowchart shows how a 1-ton/hr plastic how a 1-ton/hr plastic application turned into Oil &application turned into Oil & Gas suitable for multiple Gas suitable for multiple applications… applications…

This system is significantly This system is significantly more efficient than others 90%... more efficient than others 90%... Gases not liquefiable are Gases not liquefiable are stored and used for other stored and used for other purposes.purposes.

These commercial-sizedThese commercial-sized system are operational & system are operational & available today, MADE available today, MADE IN THE USA…IN THE USA…

Waste PlasticWaste PlasticTo Oil and GasTo Oil and Gas

Flow ChartFlow ChartSingle line…

Multiple line…

TURBINES to ELECTRICITYTURBINES to ELECTRICITY SOLAR TURBINES INCORPORATED SOLAR TURBINES INCORPORATED * Endorses our gasifiers…* Endorses our gasifiers…

Solar has been a pioneer in the design, manufacture and packaging of ‘Gas Turbine Systems’ for more than 50-years and is a world leader in mid-range industrial gas turbine business offering complete solutions for any 3.5 - 50 MW electric power needs. Customers in 98 nations spanning the globe know they can rely on Solar Turbines to provide rugged, reliable SOLAR ® turbomachinery systems, backed by their customer services global network of 43 field offices around the world for service, package overhaul, upgrades, certified parts. InSight SystemTM is Solar’s comprehensive online approach to equipment health management, including the most advanced remote monitoring / predictive diagnostics capabilities that is based upon ‘equipment condition’ rather than ‘time intervals’ optimizing uptime, greater productivity and system life cycles.

Industrial gas turbine product line

•Centaur 40 (3.5-mw), 50 (4.6-mw)•Taurus 60 (3.5-mw), 65 (4.6-mw) 70 (8.0-mw)• Mars 100 (11.4-mw)•Titan 130 (15-mw) 250 (21.7-mw)

Recuperated gas turbine

• Mercury 50 (4.6-mw)

SUPERIOR PERFORMANCE, LOW MAINTENANCE

Whatever the requirements for combined heat and power, base-load electricity, dispensed power, combined cycle, peak shaving, district heating/cooling, distributed generation and standby power for a wide variety of facilities, including industrial/processing facilities, buildings and institutions and distributed power plants.

Chilled water production double-effect absorption chiller (Steam, Unfired) from 1,000 refrigeration tons to 3,000.

COMBINED CYCLE HEAT CAPTURE

STEAM TO ELECTRICITYSTEAM TO ELECTRICITYHYPERBARIC STERLING STEAM ENGINE GENERATOR *Endorses EDCIHYPERBARIC STERLING STEAM ENGINE GENERATOR *Endorses EDCI

This system is capable of producing ‘double the electricity output’ compared against any This system is capable of producing ‘double the electricity output’ compared against any other gen-set in the world today. That claim is substantiated by employing this extremely other gen-set in the world today. That claim is substantiated by employing this extremely powerful single cylinder ‘opposing piston head design’ super high compression powerful single cylinder ‘opposing piston head design’ super high compression HYPERBARIC ENGINE developed by Dr. Marius Paul Junker , from the Engine Corporation HYPERBARIC ENGINE developed by Dr. Marius Paul Junker , from the Engine Corporation of America, This powerful engine has demonstrated higher than 80% efficiencies, due to of America, This powerful engine has demonstrated higher than 80% efficiencies, due to internal compression ratios that are many more times greater than conventional driven internal compression ratios that are many more times greater than conventional driven engines. As such it’s emission signature is near zero, with very low heat lossengines. As such it’s emission signature is near zero, with very low heat loss. .

HSSE 1000 2.5 Mega Watt Steam Generator

KEY BENEFITS

•>50% Reduction in costs•Low emissions•Low water consumption•Low maintenance•Fast start-up s and shut-down•Only 20 total moving parts•System fits in a 40’ trailer

LIGHT WEIGHT, LOW MAINTENANCE

These generators operate for 10,000 hrs between inspections and 30,000 hrs between routine maintenance (by routine it requires approximately 1-day of service) If the generator is permanently mounted inside a 40-ft container, there is sufficient space all around to perform all necessary maintenance

Syn-Gas / Diesel TO ELECTRICITYSyn-Gas / Diesel TO ELECTRICITY

“2000-KW, 2.0 Mega Watt” Low btu, Gas Generator

1540–2000 kw | QSV91 series• Heavy duty 4 cycle water cooled engine• MCM700/SSM558 full authority electronic management• Woodward PROACT actuator to drive throttle valve• CENSE engine monitoring system• Able to operate on fuels containing corrosive constituents such as SO2, halogens, and siloxanes.• Nox exhaust emissions as low as 0.5 g/hp-hr (250 mg/Nm3)• Fueled by natural gas, digester, landfill and other biogases

2000-KW Green Coast Energy SPU Diesel Power Generator

SPU Medium Speed Generator SetsType - 2Cycle ,V-45

Fuel Type - Bio-Diesel, Diesel, Natural Gas, Dual Fuel Model Series 645&710Number of Cylinders 8,12,16&20

Cylinder Bore - 9-1/16th inch Stroke X10inch Displacement - 645cubic inches

Piston Speed - 1,500ft./min Engine Speed - 750-900rpm

Governor - Electronic -Woodward-EGGenerator, Controls

Weights and Dimensions :TBD

Diesel Fuels from Various WastesDiesel Fuels from Various Wastes

Gold : Sewage Sludge

Clear Jet Fuel : MSW / Wood Black : Anthracite Coal

• Range from the C5 – C10 fuels, typically Jet Fuels, kerosene's . This type of Fuel contains a higher content of *Aromatic’s compared to Diesel. Flash point and initial boiling points are much lower as well.

• Range from C10 – C23 fuels which are typically Diesel. Will match up with the standard ASTM range of specifications and will comply within the required ranges.

• Range from C24 – C40 fuels which are typically heavier fuels up to and including waxes. Will be much higher in specific gravity and viscosity levels. They will also provide much higher recovery test results when compared to normal Diesel specifications. * 20% on average as opposed to 5% for diesel fuels found at the pump

Synthetic fuel production and its component properties…

Amber : Wood Chips Yellow : Chicken Manure

Basic Requirements for Basic Requirements for Every W2E Project Every W2E Project

Initiation:Initiation: Secure long-term access to waste Secure long-term access to waste

streamsstreams Secure location site needed for Secure location site needed for

operationsoperations Permitting validation (i.e., meet all Permitting validation (i.e., meet all

environmental, government and environmental, government and local requirements providing local requirements providing benefits…)benefits…)

Secure ‘take-off agreements’ for Secure ‘take-off agreements’ for produced commodities (e.g., produced commodities (e.g., electricity, liquid fuels, recyclables electricity, liquid fuels, recyclables char/ask, etc.)char/ask, etc.)

Deliver on the financing…Deliver on the financing… Fabricate and install components…Fabricate and install components… Operate and expand the facility… Operate and expand the facility…

* Existing landfills , dumps are especially suited for MSW , other waste projects, because they are already permitted area’s. They also offer the opportunity to potentially ‘mine the energy from pre-buried trash’…?

MSW LANDFILL METHANE MSW LANDFILL METHANE HARVESTINGHARVESTING

“We think collecting landfill gas by employing low

cost ‘portable push-in & collection technology’

provides the opportunity to increase any MSW

projects revenue by adding to the energies produced

at that location”… Don Kalland

Methane Gas Collection

Landfill gas (methane) is captured through the vacuum collector tubes using existing and proven methods.

Gas collection can now be used for energy production by adding it to the ‘Pyro-gas’ produced by the Pyrolysis technology increasing the facilities overall output energy yields.

Over time, the natural decomposition of the buried waste eventually renders the landfill non-hazardous to the environment, and acceptable for future commercial development.

Harvesting (LFG) will deplete the organics & returnthe landfill to a state acceptable, commercial development.

Landfill Bioreactor SummaryEvery landfill is unique. Its age, size, depth of the trash, annual rainfall, and the percentage of organics buried in them all play a part in the gas extraction volume and the total time it takes to deplete all the organics.

In general each cubic acre in the landfill could produce approximately 129,600 minutes of harvested methane per month for 3-months.

From that volume we expect to produce 40,000 gallons of liquefied fuel.

Operate 3 to 6 months in one area to exhaust LFG, and maximize decomposition in that section (return following year, repeat process).

Minimum cost by using portable collector tubes instead of wells.

5-acre portions of a large landfill would be processed at one time maximizing safety to the environment and work crews.

Expect depletion of 100% of all the organics in a filled section of a landfill in 7-10 years.

Standard equipment for ‘3-D Landfill Profiling’,pre-prep for landfill gas/methane extraction

20-30 Ton Truck(…application specific)

Hydraulic Actuator & Encoder Side-Sensing ‘Piezo-Cone(s)’ LFG Collector ComparisonLFG Collector Comparison

COST COST $75.00/FOOT $16.50/FOOT Header

Valve Typically Valve Open Full Open About ¼” or to Balanced Pressure Potential 2” Lateral Pipe Short Circu iting 2” Steel Pipe Cover Soil

Bentonite Seal 10’

4”-6” PVC Pipe Refuse

35’

Gas Layer

Dense Layers Refuse

Liquid Layer

Wasted drilling and pipe, materials Potential flooding of collector 50’Gravel Pack

24” Not To Scale

Piezo-Penetrometer Test (PPT for underground mapping)

‘Push-in technology’ maps out under-the-surface pockets of Methane (LFG) to determine ‘where to insert’ the Gas Collection tubes or wells …depending upon the best solution for extracting the gas.

Mr. Jeff Pryor / President Phone 1-(760) 742-5021 / Fax 1-760-259-1167e-mail: jeffp@energydynamicscorp.com

Don Kalland / Senior VP Bus/Dev, Marketing & SalesCell 1-(949) 697-1944 / Fax 1-760-259-1167

e-mail: don@energydynamicscorp.com

Dan Bender / Director IT and CommunicationsCell 1 (216) 496-3094 Fax 1-760-359-1167E-mail : dan@energydynamicscorp.com

Turn-Key Solutions by: www.energydynamicscorp.com