dºÀP\phcn 2013 7

BtKmfcwKw

dºÀP\phcn 2013 7

BtKm-f-X-e-̄ n {]Ir-Xn-Z-̄ -d-º-dnsâ DXv]m-Z-\-cwKw hen-sbmcp amä-̄ nsâ h¡n-em-Wv. Cu amä-¯nse Xmc-am-Im³ km[y-X-bp-ÅXv ssN\-bpw. d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-¯n Ct¸mÄ Bdmw-Øm-\-̄ pÅ ssN\sb Hcp apJy-d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z-I-cm-Py-ambn Bcpw Icp-Xn-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. {]Ir-Xn-Z-̄ -d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-̄ n ate-jy-sbbpw C´y-sbbpw ]n´-Ån-s¡m|v \memw-Øm-\-t¯¡mWv ssN\-bpsS apt¶äw. Ignª ]¯p-hÀj-§-fn-eqsS dº-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-cw-K¯v ssN\ \S-¯n-s¡m-|n-cn-¡p¶ \nÈ-_vZ-hn-¹hw aäv DXv ]m-Z-I-cm-Py-§Ä¡n-S-bn hmÀ¯-bm-Ip-¶-Xn AÛp-X-s -̧tS-|-Xn-Ã. DXv]m-Z-\-̄ n C¯-c-samcp t\«-¯n-tebv¡v ssN\sb F¯n-¨p-sIm-|n-cn-¡p¶ LS-I-§-sf-s´-Ãm-am-sW¶v t\m¡mw.

Ignª ]¯p-hÀj-§Ä¡p-Ån ssN \-bn 485000 slIvSÀ Øe v̄ dºÀIrjn sN¿-s¸-«p. AXm-bXv hÀjw-tXmdpw GI-tZiw A¼-Xn-\m-bncw slIvS-tdmfw hnkv XrXn. CtX-hÀj-§-fn BhÀ -̄\-¡rjn sN¿-s¸« 106000 slIvSÀ tXm«§fpw cmPym-XnÀ¯n-¡p-]p-d¯v aym³a-dnepw emthm-knepw ssN\okv I¼-\n-IÄ h¨p- ]n-Sn-̧ n-̈ n-cn-¡p¶ tXm«-§fpw Cu IW-¡n-epÄs¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«n-Ã. ssN\-bnse dºÀIr-jn-bn A¼-̄ -©p-iX-am-\hpw s]mXp-ta-J-e-bn-epÅ h³In-S-tXm-«-§-fm-Wv. hne-bn-ep|mIp¶ XmÂIm-enI Gä-¡p-d-̈ n-ep-IÄ IW-¡m-¡msX ZoÀL-Im-e-e-£y-§Ä ap³\nÀ¯n ]pXp¡r-jnbpw BhÀ¯-\-¡r-jnbpw \S-¸m-¡p¶ coXn-bmWv s]m Xp-ta-J-e-bn-epÅ h³In-S-t¯m-«-§-fnÂ

tPmw tP¡_vsU]yq«n Ub-d-IvSÀ (Ìmän-ÌnIvkv & ¹m\nMv)

-d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-¯nÂ

ssN\bv¡p apt¶äw

d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-¯n Ct¸mÄ Bdmw-Øm-\-¯pÅ ssN\sb Hcp apJy-d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z-I-cm-Py-ambn Bcpw Icp-Xn-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. {]Ir-Xn-Z-¯-d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-¯n ate-jy-sbbpw C´y-sbbpw ]n -́Ån-s¡m|v \memw-Øm-\-t¯¡mWv ssN\-bpsS apt¶äw. Ignª ]¯p-hÀj-§-fn-eqsS dº-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-cw-K¯v ssN\ \S-¯n-s¡m-|n-cn-¡p¶ \nÈ-_vZ-hn-¹hw aäv DXv]m-Z-I-cm-Py-§Ä¡n-S-bn hmÀ¯-bm-Ip-¶-Xn AÛp-X-s¸-tS-|-Xn-Ã.

dºÀP\phcn 20138

A\p-hÀ¯n-¨p-h-cp-¶-Xv. sNdp-In-St¯m-«-§Ä IqSp-X-epÅ aäv dº-dp-Xv]m-Z-I-cm-Py-§-fnÂ\n¶v ssN\-sbbpw hnb-äv\m-an-s\bpw hyXy-kvX-cm-¡p-¶Xv Cu {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. dºÀhne Ipd-ªn-cp¶ 2002-þ2004 Ime-b-f-hnepw ssN\-bnse dºÀIr-jn-bpsS hnkvXrXn hÀ²n-¨p-sIm-|n-cp-¶p-sh-¶Xv {it²-b-am-Wv.

ssN\-bpsS ]c-¼-cm-KX dºÀIr-jn-ta-Je ssl \m³ Zzo]m-sW-¦nepw t]mbhÀj-§-fn ]pXp-¡r-jn-bn Gdnb]¦pw \S-¶Xv h³I-c-bpsS `mK-amb bq\m³ {]hn-iy-bn-em-Wv. Cu tXm«-§-fn L«w-L-«-ambn hnf-sh-Sp¸v Bcw-`n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv cmPys¯ sam¯w dº-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-t¯mXv KWy-ambn hÀ²n-¡p-¶-Xn\v klmbIam-bn-«p-|v. 2012-þse dº-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-¯n H³]Xp iX-am\w hfÀ -̈bmWv ssN\ tcJ-s -̧Sp-̄ n-bn-«p-Å-Xv. C´ysb At]-£n¨v aq¶n-c«n thK-w. 2013-þepw CtX hfÀ¨-X-s¶-bmWv {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶-Xv. 2014-þ ssN\-bnse DXv]m-Z-\-t¯mXv ]Xn-¶mep iX-am-\-am-Ip-sa-¶mWv IW-¡p-IÄ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv.

dºÀIr -jnsb {]Xn -Iq -e -ambn_m[n -¡p¶ Ht«sdkml-N-cy-§sf adn-I-S-¶mWv ssN\ DXv]m-Z-\-¯n apt¶-dn-s¡m-|n-cn-¡p¶Xv. Unkw-_ÀþP-\p-hcn amk-§-fnse sImSpw-X-Wp¸v dº-dp-Xv]m-Z-\s¯ Imcy-ambn _m[n-¡p¶ H¶m-Wv. XWp-̧ nsâ B[n-Iyw-aqew ]«bv¡p tISp-h-cm-Xn-cn-¡m³ Sm¸nMv ]qÀ®-ambpw \nÀ¯n-h-bvt¡-|n-hcp-¶p. BhÀ¯n¨p|m-Ip¶ Npg-en-¡m-än ac-§Ä HSn-ªp-t]m-Ip-¶Xv km[m-c-W-am-Wv. Imäns\ sNdp-¡p-¶-Xn\v Ce-Ifpw inJ-c-§fpw IpdªC\-§Ä Irjn-sN-¿p-¶-Xn\v \nÀ_-Ôn-X-cm-Ip-¶p. C¯cw C\-§Ä¡v DXv]m-Z-\-tijn Ipd-hm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. CXv cmPys¯ icmicn DXv]m-Z-\-£-aX Ipd-bp-¶-Xn\v Imc-W-am-Ip-¶p. 2011-þ ssN\-bnse DXv]m-Z-\-£-aX slIvSÀ {]Xn 1174 Intem{Kmw Bbn-cp-¶p. C´y-bn AtX Ime-b-f-hn tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«pÅ 1819 Intem-{Km-an-t\-¡mÄ hfsc¡pd-hv.

DXv]m-Z-\-£-aX Ipd-ªn-cp-¶n«pw DXv]m-Z-\hÀ ²-\ ssIh-cn-¡m³ ssN\bv¡p Ign-ªXv Irjn-`q-an-bpsS hnkvXrXn hÀ²n-̧ n-̈ -Xn-eqsS (horizontal growth) am{X-am-Wv. sImSpw-X-Wp-¸ns\ sNdp-¡m³ Ign-hpÅ dº-dn-\-§Ä hnI-kn-¸n-s¨-Sp-¡m³ ssN\bv¡p Ign-ªn-«p-|v. DXv]m-Z-\-£-aX hÀ²n-̧ n-¡p-¶-Xn\v km[y-

amb FÃm {ia-§fpw kam-´-c-ambn cmPy¯v \S-¶p-sIm-|n-cn-¡p-¶p.

F¶ncp¶mÂt]mepw, 2015-þ-se-¯p-t¼mgpw DXv]m -Z-\-£-aX 1312 Intem-{Km-an IqSp-X {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶n-Ã. AtX-k-abw DXv]m-Z-\-am-Is« ]¯-c-e£w S®nepw Ihn-bp-sa-¶mWv IW-¡m-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. hcp¶ aq¶p hÀj-§Ä¡p-Ån Sm¸n-§n\p X¿m-dm-Ip¶ 165000 slIvSÀ tXm«-§-fmWv DXv]m-Z-\-hÀ²-\-bv¡v Imc-W-am-tb-¡m-hp¶ {][m\LS-Iw. ssN\-bnse dºÀIrjnbpsS hnkvXr-Xn-bnepw DXv]m-Z-\-£-a-X-bnepw DXv]m-Z-\-¯nepw 2019 hsc {]Xo-£n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ amä-§Ä ]«nI þ1  sImSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p.

ssN\-bpsS {]Xo-£n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ dº-dp-Xv]m-Z\w 2015-þ ]¯-c-e£hpw 2019-þ ]Xn-aq-¶-c-e-£hpw S¬ hoX-am-Wv. aäv dº-dp-Xv]m-Z-I-cm-Py-§-fnÂ\n¶p {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶-Xp-ambn Xmc-XaywsN¿p-t¼mÄ 2015-þ ssN\ \ne-hn-epÅ Bdmw-Øm-\-¯p-\n¶v \memw Øm\-t¯¡v DbÀ¯-s¸-Sp-sa-¶mWv Icp-Xp-¶-Xv. BtKm-f-X-e-¯n 2015 hsc dº-dp-Xv]m-Z-IcpsS -t{i-Wn-bn-ep-|m-Im-hp¶ amä-§Ä ]«n-I-þ2  sImSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p.

ssN\-bn {]Xo-£n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ DXv]m-Z-\-hÀ²-\ BtKm-f-d-ºÀe-`y-Xsb F§s\ _m[n-¡p-sa¶v t\m¡mw. ssN\ \memw Øm\-t¯-¡p-b-cp-t¼mÄ ate-jy-bn DXv]m-Z\w Ipd-ªp-sIm-|n-cn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶Xv {it²-b-am-Wv. temI¯v c|m-as¯ dº-dp-Xv ]m-Z-I-cm-Py-amb Ct´m-t\-jy-bn-em-Is« DXv]m-Z-\-cwKw Gsd-¡psd apc-Sn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p-sh¶v Icp-Xmw. {Ia-amb BhÀ¯\¡rjntbm kky-]-cn-N-c-Wtam CÃm-̄ Xpw dºÀIrjn[\-k-lmbw e`y-am-Im-̄ Xpw Ahn-Sps¯ DXv]m-Z-\¯n Imcy-ambn {]Xn-^-en¨pXpS-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. hcpw hÀj-§-fn Ct´m-t\-jy-bnse dº-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-¯n hfsc sNdnb hÀ²- \am{Xta {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p-Åq. DXv]mZ\w Ipdbm\pÅ

ssN\-bnse Hcp dºÀtXm«w

2011 2012 2015 2019 ({]Xo-£n-¡p-¶Xv) ({]Xo-£n-¡p-¶Xv)

Sm¸p-sN-¿m-hp¶ tXm«-§-fpsS hnkvXrXn (e£w slIvSÀ) 6.19 6.40 8.05 9.70DXv]m-Z-\w(e£w S¬) 7.27 7.95 10.55 13.50icm-icn DXv]m-Z-\-£-aX (Intem{Kmw/ slIvSÀ) 1174 1242 1312 1392

Øm\w 2011 2012 2015 ({]Xo-£n-¡p-¶Xv) ({]Xo-£n-¡p-¶Xv)

1. Xmbvem³Uv Xmbvem³Uv Xmbvem³Uv

2. Ct´m-t\jy Ct´m-t\jy Ct´m-t\jy

3. atejy hnbäv\mw hnbäv\mw

4. C´y C´y ssN\

5. hnbäv\mw atejy C´y

6. ssN\ ssN\ atejy

BtKmfcwKw

]«nIþ2 2015 hsc BtKmfdº-dp-Xv]m-Z-IcpsS t{i-Wn-bn-ep-≠m-Im-hp¶ amä-§Ä

]«nI þ1 ssN\-bn 2019 hsc {]Xo-£n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ dºÀIr-jn-hn-kvXr-Xnbpw DXv]m-Z-\hpw

dºÀP\phcn 2013 9

km[yXbpw XÅn¡fbm\mhnà Npcp-¡-̄ n ssN\-bnse dº-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-̄ n hfÀ -̈bp-|m-Ip-sa-¦nepw ate-jy-bn-sebpw Ct´m-t\-jy-bn-sebpw DXv]m-Z-\-am-µyw-IqSn IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ BtKm-f-X-e-̄ n Imcy-amb amäw {]Xo-£n-t¡-|-Xn-söp Icp-Xmw.

BtKm-f-d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z-\-¯n 2012-þ 2.2 iX-am\w hfÀ¨-bmWp {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶-Xv. XpSÀ¶v 2013-þ 4.8 iX-am-\hpw 2015-þ 6.4 iX-am-\hpw hÀ²n¨v ]n¶o-SpÅ hÀj-§-fn Ipd-ªp-h-cp-sa-¶p-amWv Icp-X-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. hcpwhÀj-§-fn {]Xo-£n-¡-s -̧Sp¶ BtKm-f-d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z\w ]«n-I-þ3  sImSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p.

ssN\-bpsS B`y-´-c-d-ºÀe-`yX Db-cp-t¼mÄ At§m-«pÅ Cd-¡p-aXn Ipd-bm-\n-S-bm-Iptam F¶p-Å-XmWv DXv]m-Z-I-cm-Py-§Ä¡n-S-bn Db-cm-hp¶ Hcp tNmZyw. dº-dnsâ BtKm-f-C-d-¡p-aXnbmh-iy-IX F´m-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶v hni-I-e\wsN¿p-¶-Xn\v ssN\-bpsS hymhkmbntImXv]m-Z-\-cw-K-̄ p-|m-bn-s¡m-|n-cn-¡p¶ amä-§ÄIqSn Adn-tb-|-Xp-|v. ASn-Øm-\-ku-I-cy-hn-I-k-\-¯n-eq-sSbpw hyh-km-b-§Ä¡- \p-Iq-e-amb \b-§-fn-eq-sSbpw hntZ-i-\n-t£-]-Isc BIÀjn-¡p-¶-Xn-eq-sSbpw temI-¯n-sâ-Xs¶ Hcp hymh-km-bn-tIm-Xv]m-Z-\-̄ n-\pÅ XmÂ]-cy-tI-{µ-ambn ssN\ amdp¶ ImgvN-bmWv Ignª c|p Zi-I-§-fn \mw I|-Xv. 2008-þse XIÀ¨-bnÂ\n¶v temI-k-¼ZvcwKw Hcp ]cn[nhsc IcIb-dn-bXv ssN\-bpsS IpXn-̧ nsâ _e-̄ n-em-bn-cp-¶p. DXv]m-Z-\-s -̈ehp Ipd-¨-Xn-eq-sSbpw Id³kn(bphm³)bpsS aqeyw Ir{Xn-a-ambn Xmgv¯nbXneq-sSbpw ssN\-bpsS DXv]-¶-§Ä¡v temI-hn-]-Wn-bn aXvk-c-£-aX ssIh-cn-¡m³ Ign-ªp. DXv]m-Z-\-s¨-ehp Ipd¨v hn]Wn ]nSn-s -̈Sp-¡m-\pÅ {ia-̄ nsâ ̀ mK-ambn _lp-cm-jv{S-¡-¼-\n-I-fn ]ecpw Ah-cpsS \nÀ½m-W-im-e-IÄ ssN\-bn-te¡p amäp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

ssN\-bnse ØnXn-K-Xn-I-fn-t¸mÄ ]mtS amdns¡m-≠ncn¡pIbmWv. DXv]m-Z-\-s¨-ehp Ipd-bv¡p-¶-Xn\v e`y-am-bn-cp¶ ]e A\pIqeLSI§fpw CÃm-Xmbn s¡m ≠ncn¡pIbpamWv. hne-¡-bäw Ak-ly-am-b-t¸mÄ P\-§-fpsS {]Xn-tj[w, hne-¡p-IÄ hI-h-bv¡msX tkmjyÂao-Un-b-I-fn-eqsS {]N-cn-¡p-Ibpw ]e ̂ mI vS-dn-I-fn-sebpw {]hÀ¯\w \nÀ¯n-h-bvt¡-|Xn-te-¡p-hsc F¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ISp¯ k½À±-¯n-emb Kh¬saân\v sXmgnÂth-X-\-§Ä KWy-ambn hÀ²n-¸n-t¡-|-Xmbpw h¶p. Ignª hÀj-§-fn sXmgnÂIq-en-bn hÀjwtXmdpw Ccp-]-Xp-i-X-am\w hoXw hÀ²-\-bmWv ssN\-bn tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-Å-Xv. A©p-hÀjw-sIm|v sXmgn-em-fnI-fpsS thX\w Cc-«n-bmbn amdn. bphmsâ aqeyw hÀj-§-fmbn Ir{Xn-a-ambn Xmgv¯n-\nÀ¯n-bn-cp-¶Xv Cd-¡p-

KthjWw

aXn km[-\-§-fpsS hne-hÀ²-\¡nSbm-¡n-bn-cp-¶p. Cu kml-Ncyw t\cn-Sp-¶-Xn\pw, H¸w ]Ws¸cp¸w \nb{´n¡p¶Xn\pw bphmsâ aqeyw hÀ²n-¸n-¡m\pw Id³knsb L«w-L-«-ambn kzX-{´-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ XpS¡w Ipdn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw Kh¬saâ v \nÀ_-Ôn-X-am-bn. CtX Bh-iy-¯n-te-¡mbn A´m-cm-jv{S-k-aq-l-¯nsâ k½À±hpw ssN\-bv¡p-ta D|m-bn-cp-¶p. bphmsâ aqeyw IqSn-bXv Ib-äp-a-Xn-cw-K¯v cmPy-¯nsâ aÕ-c-£-aX Ipd-bv¡p-¶-Xn-\p-an-S-bm-¡n.

Iqen-\n-c-¡p-IÄ IqSn-bXpw bphmsâ aqeyw hÀ²n-¨-Xpw-hgn DXv]m-Z-\-s¨-ehpIpdª cmPy-sa¶t]cv ssN\bv¡p \jvS-am-bn-s¡m-|n-cn-¡p-¶p. IqSm-sX, ImÀ_¬ ]pd-́ -Å Ipd-bv¡-W-sa¶ Bh-iyhpw Gdn-s¡m-|n-cn-¡p-¶p. ssN\-bpsS XpSÀ¶pÅ hymh-km-bn-I-h-fÀ¨bv¡v ]cn-an-Xn-I-fp-s|-¶mWv taÂ]-dª Imcy-§Ä kqNn-̧ n-¡p-¶-Xv. Ignª c|p Zi-I-§-fn ssN\-bn I| Cc-«-þ-A¡ (double-digit) hymh-km-bn-I-h-fÀ¨\n-c¡v C\n-b-t§m«v {]Xo-£n-¡m-\m-hn-söv Icp-tX-|n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. \qX\ ASn-Øm-\-ku-I-cy-§Ä Bh-iy-an-Ãm¯ sSIvssÌÂt]m-ep-Åh Ipdª DXv ]m-Z-\-s -̈ehp e£y-an«v ssN\-bnÂ\n¶pw _w¥m-tZ-in-te¡p IpSn-tb-dp¶ {]h-WX Bcw-`n-¨p-I-gn-ªp. C´ybpw Ct´m-t\-jybpw Xmbvem³Upw ASn-Øm-\-ku-I-cy-§-fpsS Imcy-̄ n ssN\-tb-¡mÄ ]n¶n-em-sW-¦nepw _lp-cm-jv{SS-bÀ\nÀ½m-Xm-¡-fn ]ecpw Ah-cpsS \nÀ½m-W-im-e-IÄ Cu cmPy-§-fn Øm]n-¡p-¶-Xn XmÂ]-cyw ImWn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶Xv {]tXyIw {it²-b-am-Wv. ssN\-bnse dº-dp-]-t`mKw Ipd-bp-¶Xv C´y, Ct´m-t\-jy, Xmbvem³Uv F¶n-hn-S-§-fnse D]-t`mKw hÀ²n-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bm-¡pw. CXv C´ybv¡v Cd-¡p-a-Xnsb IqSp-X-embn B{i-bn-t¡| kml-N-cy-̄ n\p hgn-sX-fn-¡pw. AtXm-sSm¸w Ct´m-t\-jy-bnepw Xmbvem³Unepw B`y-´-cD-]-t`mKw hÀ²n-¡p-¶-Xn-\m Ib-äp-aXn Ipd-bp-I-bpw- sN¿p sa¶mWv {]Xo-£n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. dº-dnsâ D]-t`m-K-cwKw Hcp cmPy-̄ p-\n¶pw asämcp cmPy-t¯t¡m aäp ]e cmPy-§-fn-tet¡m Nph-Sp-am-ä-̄ n\p hnt[-b-am-Ip-¶-Xn-\p-am-{X-amWv km[y-X. Npcp-¡-̄ n ssN\-bpsS dºÀ Cd-¡p-aXn Ipd-ªmepw BtKmf Bh-iy-IX amä-an-ÃmsX XpS-cp-sa¶v Icp-Xmw.

Npgen¡män HSnª acw

hÀjw BtKm-f-d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z\w hfÀ¨\n-c¡v (Zi-e£w S¬) (iX-am\w)

2012 11.49 2.2

2013 12.05 4.8

2014 12.79 6.2

2015 13.62 6.4

2016 14.09 3.5

2017 14.62 3.8

2018 15.19 3.9

2019 15.64 3.0

$

BtKmfcwKw

]«nIþ3 hcpwhÀj-§-fn {]Xo-£n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ BtKm-f-d-º-dp-Xv]m-Z\w