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ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
For 4 Nos.
PHCN-TCN Transmission Substations
Rehabilitation/Re-enforcement Projects under the NEGIP (Kaduna, Akangba,
Alagbon and Ikeja West).
PHCN-PMU
March 2009
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Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION 4
1.1 Project Background 4
1.2 Project Locations 5
1.3 ESMP Goals and Objectives 5
2.0 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 7
2.1 Resourcing 7
2.2 Responsibilities 7
2.3 ESMP Guidelines 7
ESMP Audit Programme
ESMP Implementation Organogram 8
3.0 Details of Substation Rehabilitation/Reinforcement Work 8
4.0 Substation Risk assessment and Management 11
4.1 Project Potential and Associated Impact Identification 12
4.2 Impact Characterization 12
5.0 Impact Mitigation Measures 16
6.0 DETAILED DESIGN FOR CONSTRUCTION & INSTALLATION 27
6.1 Design Implementation 27
6.2 Land take and Vegetation Clearance 27
6.3 Foundation works/Land/Sand Filling & Surfacing 27
6.4 Use of Public Access Road 27
6.5 Sacred Archaeological Sites 27
6.6 Hydrological Properties & Drainage Protection 27
6.7 Pollution Control 28
6.7.1 Air Pollution 28
6.7.2 Water & Soil Pollution 28
6.7.3 Noise Pollution 28
6.8 Transport Operation 28
6.8.1 Pre-mobilization of Vehicles 29
6.9 Inspection & Maintenance 29
6.10 Quality Assurance / Quality Control 29
7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 30
7.1 Monitoring Objectives 30
Monitoring Programme 31
3
7.2 Regulatory Compliance Plan 32
8.0 Work, Safety & Health Plan 32
8.1 Use of Work Permit 32
9.0 Waste Management Plan 33
9.1 Waste Handling 33
9.2 Waste Type & Identification 33
9.3 Waste Minimization & Reduction 34
9.4 Waste Segregation 35
9.5 Waste Disposal 35
10.0 General Site Safety Plan 35
10.1 Journey Management Plan 36
10.2 Accident / Incident Management Plan 36
10.3 Emergency Response Plan 37
10.4 Consultation Plan 38
10.5 Communication Plan 39
10.6 Commissioning / Hand over Plan 40
11.0 Decommissioning /Abandonment Plan
Annex 1 Cost Estimates. LIST OF ANNEXES
Annex 2 Environmental and Social site specific conditions at
Akangba 330/132/33kV Transmission Substation.
Annex 3 Environmental and Social site specific conditions at
Alagbon 132/33kV Transmission Substation.
Annex 4 Environmental and Social site specific conditions at Ikeja
West 330/132/33kV Transmission Substation.
Annex 5 Environmental and Social site specific conditions at
Mando 330/132/33kV Transmission Substation.
40 45 47 49 51 53
4
ABBREVIATIONS
ALARP As low as reasonably possible
CBOS Community Based Organisations
ERSU Environment, Resettlement & Social Unit
EPIC Engineering, Procurement, Installation and Commissioning
EER Environmental Evaluation Report
HSE Health Safety and Environment
JHA Job Hazard Analyses
NEGIP Nigeria Electricity and Gas Improvement Project
NGO Non Governmental Organization
PCB Poly Chlorinated Biphenyl
PHCN Power Holding Company of Nigeria
PMU Project Management Unit
PPE Personal Protective Equipment
PRA Preparatory Rural Assessment
RCP Regulatory Compliance Plan
TCN Transmission Company of Nigeria
WWI Written Work Instructions
5
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Background This document presents the Environmental & Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the
proposed Substation reinforcement/rehabilitation projects under the World Bank
sponsored National Electricity and Gas Improvement Project NEGIP.
When initially conceived, NEGIP APL I was envisioned as providing PRGs for new gas-
fired generating capacity, financing construction of transmission lines, rehabilitating
existing generating stations, improving distribution, and, providing PRGs for gas
supplies. The project was originally classified in Category A and, as specific plant and
transmission line locations were not known, the borrower prepared and disclosed an
ESMF and RPF to guide safeguards work. The composition of APL I subsequently
changed; generation stations and associated new transmission lines are no longer
included, nor is rehabilitation of existing generating stations. The project focuses on
improving electric transmission and distribution, primarily by rehabilitating and
reinforcing existing facilities, and on increasing power generation by promoting
adequate, reliable supplies of natural gas through provision of PRGs for gas supply
contracts. The project has been reclassified in EA Category B. The likely overall
impacts of NEGIP in this phase are site-specific; few if any of them are irreversible; and
in most cases mitigatory measures can be designed readily. This document then is
aimed at improving the viability of investing in the Substation rehabilitation/reinforcement
from an environmental and social management perspective. By using this tool
effectively, the anticipated potential environmental and social impacts associated with
the substation projects will be minimized to the barest minimum thereby making the
projects more sustainable.
NEGIP is an Adaptable Program Loan (APL) aimed at assisting the Federal
Government of Nigeria, through a combination of partial risk guarantees (PRG), for gas
supply to generation stations and International Development Association (IDA)
investments and technical assistance aimed at improving and developing the Nigerian
power sector (substation reinforcement/rehabilitation, transformer repair shop and
distribution facilities improvement etc). It follows a programmatic approach, and will
consist of numerous investments broken into subprojects and guarantees over an
extended time period.
This ESMP provides the basis for managing the environmental and social issues
involved with the implementation of the substation subprojects activities, by
6
demonstrating how adverse and beneficial environmental as well as socio-economic
and health effects will be managed in all phases of the project implementation. It
therefore describes in specific terms how environmental, health and socio-economic
commitments to be encountered in the Project implementations will be handled.
1.2
These rehabilitation/reinforcement projects are to be carried out in existing PHCN /TCN
Transmission Substations in Alagbon, Akangba, Ikeja West all in Lagos State, Afam & Port Harcourt in Rivers State, Mando Road in Kaduna State, Kainji & Jebba in Niger State & Birnin Kebbi in Kebbi State as part of the efforts to improve
the Nigerian electricity transmission infrastructure. Site specific information are attached
as Annexes. Most of the facilities at these stations are old and (on paper) have out lived
their life spans. More so, the technology used in manufacturing most of the installed
equipments is old and have since been phased out by the manufacturers thereby
making it almost impossible to source their spares. The fact that most of the
transformers at some of these stations were installed way back in 1965 reveals a real
risk of PCB contamination in the event of Transformer oil spillage. This is so because
the transformer oil then in vogue contained PCB until it was discouraged during the
Stockholm convention of 1986. As from then, PHCN makes deliberate efforts not to use
transformer oil containing PCB. Despite this, there are fears that these old transformers
contain PCB since the transformer oil therein have not been totally drained at any
particular point in time.
Project Locations
As all PHCN transmission Substations are similar in lay out, equipment content and are
all under the same management (TCN), the content of this ESMP is applicable to all
Substations owned and managed by TCN-PHCN. For the purpose of this write-up, the
following 330/132kV Substations at (Mando Road, Akangba, Ikeja West, and Alagbon) were visited for direct data gathering. Brief on these Substations will be added in the Annex. Generally, the issues observed in these substations tally with
what obtains in other substations not visited so the content of this ESMP applies to all
other Substations owned and operated by PHCN. Should there be any rehabilitation
work or normal operations in those stations, this ESMP remains valid.
ESMP Goals and Objectives The Environmental & Social Management Plan of this aspect of the NEGIP project was
developed in line with World Bank and ISO 14001 Environmental Management System
(EMS) Specifications; other national and international regulatory requirements; and
PHCN Health, Safety and Environmental & Social Management System as documented
7
in the filed Project ESMF with the Ministry of Environment of the Federal Republic of
Nigeria in 2009. The ESMF Objectives are to:
• Ensure that substation rehabilitation activities are carried out in such a way as to
avoid harms to PHCN employees, contractors and all other stakeholders that
may be affected directly or indirectly by the facility operations.
• Ensure that all hazards associated with the S/S rehabilitation and operations
have all been properly identified and assessed. Barriers militating against the
project established and material recovery and emergency measures put in place.
• Enforce safe and healthy procedures and practices in all operations and strive
towards an incident free workplace.
• Ensure that appropriate trainings are given to staff and adequate equipment are
provided to enable staff work in a healthy and safe manner.
• Maintain effective communication with all relevant parties and in particular
communicating ERSU issues to the entire workforce.
• Demonstrate visible PHCN management commitment to ERSU issues.
• Set clear ERSU targets to staff involved in the project. • Carry out regular review of ERSU performance against targets.
• Ensuring that all operations are undertaken with proper regards for the
environment, and strive to reduce environmental risk to a level that is as low as
reasonably practicable.
These objectives shall be achieved by:
• Ensuring compliance with all stipulated legislation on protection of the
environment.
• Integrating social and environmental issues fully into the project development
and operational philosophies.
• Promoting social and environmental awareness among workers and
communities around the project sites.
• Rationalising and streamlining existing social and environmental activities to
add value, efficiency and effectiveness to the Projects
• Ensuring that only environmentally sound procedures are employed during
the different project phases and associated activities
• Continuous consultations with relevant regulatory bodies (FMENV, relevant
State environmental protection agencies and other stakeholders), throughout
the projects’ lifecycles.
This ESMP shall remain a dynamic working tool throughout the construction and
operational life span of these Stations. It shall be reviewed with possible changes in
8
regulatory regimes and in the event of new policies or guidelines from PHCN, WB or the
Nigerian Environmental regulatory bodies. Periodic reviews and updating shall also be
carried out throughout the project lifecycle, to incorporate better management systems
and economic policies.
ESMP Audit Programme This audit shall be conducted on regular basis to monitor compliance with the project
ESMP. The scope will cover the major project activities including the overall
requirements throughout the life of the project. PHCN performance towards meeting
these requirement will be assessed.
Generally, the audit programme will be conducted bi-annually during construction and at
start up and every five (5) years during operations. The findings from these audits will be
reported to the site ERSU Manager and corrective action plans will be developed and
followed up for performance improvement.
2.0 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 2.1 Resourcing
Environment, Resettlement and Social Units will be set up in PHCN-TCN and in all the
Substations to be rehabilitated. A site ERSU Manager shall be responsible for all ERSU-
related matters throughout the project period and later during project operations in order
to ensure compliance with environmental regulatory standards. For effective project
implementation, the site ERSU Manager shall work in liaison with the Contractors’
Engineers & Environmental Officers, and TCN site Engineers to form the Project
Management Team (PMT) and the team will report directly to the Project Management
Unit of PHCN during the construction period and later to TCN during operations period.
The Project implementation Organogram defining the line of Communication in the
proposed Substation rehab/reinforcement (NEGIP) Project is presented below. Responsibilities Power Holding Company shall retain the primary responsibility of ensuring that
environmental and social commitments are met throughout the project lifespan. The
company shall establish a schedule of responsibility and improvement on social and
environmental matters. . Environmental and social issues shall be seen as a line of
responsibilities for which all levels of personnel are accountable.
9
ESMP Guidelines The detailed preliminary ESMP guideline developed to cover the entire phases and
activities of the proposed NEGIP Project including responsibilities for implementation
are presented in the Organogram below.
Figure: Project Implementation Organogram
Manager ERSU (Regional)
Environmental Management (Regional sub-Unit) Health & Safety
(Regional Sub-unit)
Socio-Economic (Regional sub-Unit)
Environment / Safety Officer (Work Centre)
ERSU TCN HQ
10
PHCN is the parent body for the entire component Companies to be formed from the
former National Electric Power Authority (NEPA) of Nigeria. These are from the former
Generation, Distribution and Transmission Sectors of PHCN. In implementing this ESMP
for Substation rehabilitation and reinforcement projects under the NEGIP, according to
the unbundling plan of PHCN, the TCN will soon be an independent Company of its own
from PHCN. When this happens, TCN ERSU will become a full fledged ERSU at their
Headquarters level overseeing the 11 Nos. Transmission Regional Units in all the TCN
Transmission Regions in Nigeria. Each 330/132kV Substation has its own ERSUs
reporting to the Regional Units. Wherever the rehabilitation/reinforcements will be taking
place, it is expected that their ERSU will be reporting to their managing Regional
ERSUs.
TCN ESMP Implementation Organogram
The ERSU in the PMU are part of the TCN Hq. ERSU and are only carrying out their
Environmental and Social functions in project management under the PMU. As such,
they will formulate policies together with the TCN Hq. ERSU and eventually monitor how
TCN and its site Units will carry out these Policies. At the same time, they will ensure
that the TCN implements best practice as far as Environmental and Social issues
involved with Transmission Projects are concerned.
3.0 DETAILS OF THE SUBSTATION REHABILITATION/REINFORCEMENT
WORK These will involve the replacement of Power transformers, Isolators, Circuit breakers
and some other ancillary facilities. New Power Transformers will also be installed in
some stations in order to boost the capacity of some of the Substations since most of
the existing Transformers are already overloaded. In view of these activities, if proper
management of the social, environmental, health and safety issues are not taken care
of, the projects might not be as sustainable as required according to the World Bank
standard. It is based on this that this ESMP becomes very necessary.
This ESMP is therefore designed to address the environmental and social impacts that
might arise from the rehabilitation activities at the respective Transmission Substations.
It will also proffer solutions to the lingering environmental issues like house keeping, oil
spillage and disposal of scrap materials and also put in place a well trained
Environment, Resettlement and Social Unit (ERSU) that will ensure strict compliance
with World Bank, Nigerian and other International environmental standards in the day to
day running of the PHCN owned Substations.
11
Figure 1: Scrap Materials Littering the Akangba Substation Premises.
Figure 2: Decommissioned, oil-filled Reactor at the Mando Road Kaduna substation.
Figure 3: Decommissioned CTs and insulators at the Akangba substation premises.
Figure 4: Stored Used transformer Oil at a section Akangba substation – note the dark patch
Part of the Substation taken over by weeds (Poor house keeping)
4.0 SUBSTATION PROJECT RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT For any Projects of this nature, Risk management is an integral part of the project
execution. The risks related to these projects’ execution and operations were identified
by a structured approach during the project planning stage. Risk assessment visits by
ERSU/Safeguard specialists were conducted in advance of implementation activities to
allow for risk resolution without work interruption during implementation. Results of the
risk assessments and the associated risks reduction measures were evaluated and
documented by the PMU-ERSU and appropriate levels of the TCN site management
staff in the affected substations. This document therefore is a product to be used for
reducing project risks to an acceptable level at a reasonable cost to TCN. Upon project
completion, all other unforeseen risks and their associated resolutions shall be
documented for handover to the site operations personnel who will take over the Project
and continue the operations of the completed facilities.
The responsibility of risk management for these projects during implementation shall lie
with both the Project Management Team (PMT) comprising of the PMU, the
rehabilitation Contractors and the TCN Site management. The environmental and social
monitoring by the PMU-ERSU will reveal if the Contractor project implementation
processes are being successful.
12
The majority of the workers involved in the construction phases of the project will be
Contractors staff, therefore Contractor will pay particular attention to applying
appropriately controlled mitigation measures for their work. Contractors shall ensure that
their HSE system are in line with this ESMP Guidelines. The Contractors working with
Job specifications developed by PMU-ERSU will have direct responsibility for executing
the work using sound engineering fabrication, installation and commercial practices
while maintaining adequate controls. The designs will take into account applicable
Nigerian environmental laws and regulations, and in the absence of such, generally
accepted industry standards shall be used. The Contractors will develop operating
manuals and appropriate documentation regarding the proper operation and
maintenance of the facility for approval by PMU-ERSU. This data will be provided to the
PMU in a timely manner that facility-specific training can be given to the concerned
personnel prior to start-up. Details of what is contained in the Contractors’
environmental manuals will be used by the ERSU in monitoring the job of the
Contractors.
4.1 Project Potential and Associated Impacts
The potential and associated impacts of the NEGIP Sub-station
rehabilitation/reinforcement project is based on observed issues during the risk
assessment visits to the Substations and the FMENV sustainability criteria. The visit to
the mentioned Substations revealed the following:
1. That they are littered with scrapped materials of different kinds and also with
decommissioned spare equipments kept in the open.
2. There are evidences of Transformer oil spillage around the transformers and
also around where the drums of used Transformer oil are kept.
3. Environmental management at these stations is generally poor. There is no
order what so ever in the manner of attending to oil spillage, soil/under water
contamination, and scrap management within the Substation premises.
4. Staff are not generally aware of the hazards of PCB in transformer oil hence
Staff use it for washing hands after repairs and also as weed killers within the
Stations.
5. There are no Units properly established to take care of the Environmental, Social
& Occupational Health and Safety matters in these Stations.
6. Usage of Personal Protective Equipment is lacking.
13
7. Routine cleaning and maintenance of equipments are not properly taken care of
hence there are cob weds, dusts and dilapidation of equipments that are still in
service as a result of lack of proper house-keeping
8. Communication between the Stations and their host Communities are weak and
same with Emergency action plans needed in attending to emergencies.
The nature and duration of the various impacts of the project activities on the ecological
components were identified as follows:
4.2 Impact Characterisation
In order to further describe the nature and duration of the various project activities on
the biophysical and socio-economic environment, the identified impacts were further
characterised as direct / indirect, beneficial / adverse, normal / abnormal, short-term /
long-term, reversible / irreversible, cumulative and residual.
• Beneficial Impacts: these are impacts that would produce positive effect on
the biophysical or socio-economic environment.
• Adverse Impacts: these are impacts that may result in:
• Irreversible and undesirable change(s) in the social and/or biophysical
environment;
• Decrease in the quality of the biophysical or social environment;
• Limitation, restriction or denial of access to or use of any component of the
environment to others, including future generations; and
• Sacrifice of long-term environmental viability or integrity for short-term
economic goals.
• Direct Impacts: these are impacts resulting directly (direct cause-effect
consequence) from a project activity.
• Indirect Impacts: these are impacts that are at least one step removed from
a project activity. They do not follow directly from a project activity.
• Normal Impacts: these are impacts that will normally be expected to follow a
particular project activity.
• Abnormal Impacts: An impact is considered to be abnormal when it follows
a project activity as against sound predictions based on experience.
• Short-term Impacts: these are defined as impacts that will last only within
the period of a specific project activity.
• Long-term Impacts: these are impacts whose effects remain even after a
specific project activity.
14
• Reversible Impacts: these are impacts whose effects can be addressed on
application of adequate mitigation measures.
• Irreversible Impacts: these are impacts whose effects are such that the
subject (impacted component) cannot be returned to its original state even
after adequate mitigation measures are applied.
• Cumulative Impacts: these are impacts resulting from interaction between
ongoing project activities with other activities, taking place simultaneously.
• Incremental Impacts: these are impacts that progress with time or as the
project activity proceeds.
• Residual Impacts: these are impacts that would still remain after mitigation
measures have been applied.
Table 4.1: Characterised Potential and Associated Impacts of the Proposed Substation Rehabilitation/Reinforcement Project of NEGIP
Project Activities & Environmental Aspects
Potential and Associated Impacts Character of Impact
Mobilisation of personnel,
materials and equipment to
project site
Risk of road accidents from increased
vehicular movement on local roads and
damage to the road by heavy vehicles to be
used
Adverse, direct,
normal, reversible,
cumulative
Socio-cultural conflicts due to differences in
customs of migrant worker and local
residents
Adverse, direct,
abnormal, short-
term, reversible
Changes in demographic pattern/disruption
of socio cultural pattern
Adverse, direct,
normal, reversible,
cumulative,
residual
Introduction of communicable diseases
(STDs, HIV, hepatitis b & c, TB & gastro-
intestinal) into the project communities
Adverse, direct,
normal, short-
term, reversible,
cumulative,
residual
15
Air/noise pollution from increased vehicular
movement
Adverse, direct,
abnormal,
reversible,
cumulative,
residual and short
term
Preparation of the Equipment
bases clearing at construction
points, within the Substations
and necessary point along the
access roads
Damage to lawns within the Substations
and also alteration in the stone chipping
layers covering the Substation switch yards
Adverse, direct,
normal, short-term,
reversible,
Loss of business hours and disturbance of
residents and staff along the access routes
during mobilization
Adverse, direct,
normal,
irreversible, long-
term residual
Employment of local labour Beneficial, normal,
long-term
De-vegetation/loss of vegetation at
construction points.
Adverse, direct,
normal, short-term,
reversible
Fuel Storage Soil/groundwater contamination from
accidental leak or spill of stored fuel and
transformer oil at camp/construction sites
Adverse, indirect,
normal, short-term,
reversible,
cumulative
Foundation for the transformers
and associated equipment
Soil erosion, dust and accident due to falls
and damage to vegetation/alteration in the
gravelled substation switch yard.
Adverse, indirect,
abnormal, short-
term
Noise and vibration from construction
equipment
Adverse, direct,
normal, short-term,
reversible
Respiratory tract infections due to inhalation
of dust and toxic fumes during construction
activities
Adverse, direct,
normal, short-term
Risk of electrocution and burns (to onsite
workers during construction)
Adverse, direct,
normal, short-term
Induced secondary development in the
substations (work camps/stores)
surrounding by Contractor during
construction activities
Adverse, direct, normal, short-term, reversible
16
Engagement of indigenous labour and
supplies and stimulation of local economies
Beneficial, direct, normal, short-term, reversible
Rehabilitation/Reinforcement of the Transformers and ancillary equipments
Youths/community restiveness especially
during recruitment of local labour
Adverse, direct,
abnormal, short-
term, reversible
Community restiveness during heavy
vehicular movement due to road congestion
and damages
Adverse, direct,
abnormal, short-
term, reversible
Decommissioning of old transformers, solid
wastes and spillage of the transformer oil
suspected to contain PCB
Adverse, direct,
abnormal, long-
term, reversible
Decommission and Closure Station
Electric shock and severe burns to workers
during decommissioning
Adverse, indirect,
abnormal, long-
term, irreversible
Impaired aesthetic resources due to visual
presence of wastes and scraps
Adverse, direct,
abnormal, long-
term, reversible,
residual
Direct poisoning of vegetation/soil
contamination due to uncontrolled
application of maintenance,
chemical/herbicide
Adverse, direct,
abnormal, short-
term, irreversible
17
5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES FOR THE SUBSTATION REHABILITATION PROJECT Below is the table showing the intended mitigation measures for the key environmental
and social impacts of the NEGIP substation rehabilitation/reinforcement project.
18
Project Phase / Environmental
Aspects
Critical Control Point Mitigation Measures
Action Party
Site 1.Preparation Mobilisation of
personnel, material
and equipment to
project area
Transportation vehicles
& routes
Contractor trucks shall be
properly
serviced/maintained before
mobilisation
♦ Contractor shall
mobilise heavy duty
trucks carrying
equipments in the night
to avoid traffic
delays/accidents
♦ Outriders shall be
engaged when
possible and used
during mobilisation of
heavy duty trucks and
equipment.
♦ Radio/TV
announcements shall
be made to inform the
general public of
activities/movements
♦ Contractor shall
engage and use traffic
control wardens at
strategic points on
local roads
♦ Strategic road
signs/warnings shall be
placed on local roads
♦ PHCN shall enforce
approved speed limits
on local roads among
its drivers and
Contractors’ personnel
ERSU
Manager/PMT
19
Local roads
♦ Work sites
♦ Recreational
facilities
♦ Markets, etc.
♦ Contractor shall survey
and make use of best
road access to site and
repair damaged road
points/areas damaged
as a result of the
movement of their
equipment to site
♦ Contractor shall
educate its workers on
the socio-cultural
norms of the host
communities so as to
conform to laid down
customs and norms of
the local community
♦ Recreation areas
should be avoided by
vehicles carrying
equipments as those
areas are always busy
and they may cause
hold ups.
♦ The above situation
applies to market
places
ERSU
Manager/PMT
♦ ERSU
Manager/Comm
unity Relations
Officer
20
Site Preparation Mobilisation of
personnel,
material and
equipment to
project area
♦ Base campsite
♦ Communities
♦ Prior to mobilisation,
Contractor shall screen
all personnel for
communicable and
other diseases
♦ Contractor shall
conduct a health and
safety awareness for
staff and host
communities
♦ Contractor shall carry
out periodic health
screening for staff
while on site and
identified cases shall
be promptly isolated
for proper medical
attention
ERSU
Manager/PMT
/ Community
Relations Officer
Operational Vehicles Contractor shall ensure
that its operational
vehicles are at optimal
operating conditions
Site HSE Co-
ordinator/ transport
supervisor
Site Preparation Vegetation clearing
at construction sites
Construction areas to
be cleared ♦ Contractor shall limit
vegetation clearing to
minimum area required
for the campsite,
construction site and
access roads
♦ Disturbed and
unwanted areas at
campsite, and access
roads shall be re-
vegetated with
appropriate local
species
Site
ERSU Manager/
Site Engineers
21
Project Phase / Environmental
Aspects
Critical Control Point Mitigation Measures
Action Party
Site Preparation Fuel storage
Storage area ♦ Storage containers shall be
periodically checked for leaks
♦ Operators shall be trained on
safe fuel handling practice
♦ Containers shall be provided
with secondary containment
capable of holding 110% of its
contents
Site HSE
Co-ordinator
Construction Plinth for
transformer bases
and Installation of
other related S/S
equipment
Within the Substations ♦ Contractor shall employ best
engineering practice in the
excavation of the pits and for
ancillary facilities in order to
avoid adverse alteration of the
hydrological pattern of flow
♦ Dug up areas shall be promptly
and properly restored
Site HSE
Co-ordinator / Site
Engineers
Construction points ♦ Contractor shall maintain all
construction equipment at
optimal operating conditions in
order to reduce noise and
vibration
Site ERSU
Manager
HSE Co-ordinator/
Site PMT
Health and Safety at
excavation points ♦ Contractor shall design and
enforce workplace safety
procedures at sites based on
this hazard to prevent accidents
22
Project Phase / Environmental
Aspects
Critical Control Point Mitigation Measures
Action Party
Welding of
materials, erection
of transformers and
Installation/operation
of other S/S
equipments
Welding/construction
points
Specialized PPE shall be provided
and usage enforced during welding
activities
Site HSE
Co-ordinator/ Site
Engineers
Worksites ♦ Contractor shall design work
place procedures in line with
standard industrial practice
♦ Specialised PPE shall be
provided for all on site workers
ERSU
Manager/Site HSE
Co-ordinator/ Site
Engineers
♦ All pits/holes dug during
construction works shall be
appropriately filled.
Project Phase / Environmental
Aspects
Critical Control Point Mitigation Measures
Action Party
Welding of
materials, erection
of transformers and
Installation/operation
of other S/S
equipments
Campsite ♦ Contractor shall develop
comprehensive plan for location
of secondary development
ERSU Manager/PMT
Construction points ♦ Contractor shall ensure that its
construction equipment are
maintained and operated at
optimal conditions to reduce
emissions capable to air
pollution
Site HSE Co-ordinator
Installation points ♦ Contractor shall design, enforce
and maintain good work place
procedures in line with industry
standard and regulatory
requirement on safety
♦ Standard work instructions for
HSE critical activities shall be
developed and enforced
ERSU
Manager/Site HSE
Co-ordinator/ Site
Engineers
23
Point of mobilisation ♦ Prior to mobilisation Contractor
shall screen all personnel for
communicable and other
diseases
♦ Contractor shall conduct a
health and safety awareness for
staff and host communities
ERSU
Manager/Site HSE
Co-ordinator
Recruitment point
♦ Contractor shall ensure that the
content of the memorandum of
understanding between it and
the host communities on
employment are religiously
followed
ERSU
Manager/Communi
ty Relations Officer
Project Phase / Environmental
Aspects
Critical Control Point Mitigation Measures
Action Party
Welding of
materials, erection
of transformers and
Installation/operation
of other S/S
equipments
Transmission line ♦ Where transmission lines are to
be involved, Contractor shall
maintain the selected route for
the transmission line (with
minimal interference with areas
of human activity)
Site HSE
Co-ordinator
♦ Adequate and automatic
fault/damage detection system
shall be installed where possible
♦ Personnel shall be trained on
the detection/handling of such
emergencies arising from
shocks or accidental damages
Site Engineers
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♦ Contractor shall install
specialised fire
detection/prevention equipment
at the substation
♦ Staff shall be trained on
emergency fire/explosion
handling procedure
♦ Contractor shall design and
maintain work place procedures
in line with industrial standards
ERSU
Manager/Site HSE
Co-ordinator Site
Engineers
Control rooms in the
Station (substation) ♦ Adequate and automatic
fault/damage detection system
shall be installed
♦ Personnel shall be trained on
the detection/handling of such
emergencies arising fro
accidental damages
Site Engineers
Project Phase / Environmental
Aspects
Critical Control Point Mitigation Measures
Action Party
Welding of
materials, erection
of transformers and
Installation/operation
of other S/S
equipments
Substation safety
♦ Contractor shall install
automated monitoring system
(CCTV) to check unauthorised
entry
♦ Emergency response plan shall
be put in place for such
developments as
sabotage/vandalism
Site Engineer/
Site HSE
Co-ordinator
♦ Contractor shall use only trained
and competent personnel for all
maintenance works
♦ Maintenance personnel shall be
provided with appropriate PPE
♦ Personnel shall be trained on
handling of emergencies
ERSU
Manager/Site HSE
Co-ordinator
25
Substation House
Keeping
♦ Substation environment shall be
properly maintained and kept in
good healthy condition.
♦ Lawns must be planted with
indigenous flower species and
grassed accordingly
♦ Management shall maintain
naturally low growing vegetation
within the Substations
♦ Management shall explore the
option of always using
mechanical maintenance
techniques
♦ For chemical maintenance
option, Management shall
employ selective herbicide
application
♦ Site Management shall maintain
appropriate gravelling level of
the Switch Yards
♦ Equipment must be in sound
working condition and cleaned
as at and when due
♦ Used transformer oil must be
disposed or stored as
appropriate in line with
regulatory requirements
♦ Solid wastes must be disposed
of by using appropriate waste
disposal companies and in line
with laid down rules
ERSU
Manager/Site HSE
Co-ordinator
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Project Phase / Environmental
Aspects
Critical Control Point Mitigation Measures
Action Party
Substation site location PHCN shall as much as practicable
avoid locating Substations near
market/city centres, tourist
attractions and places of special
value and interest to the people.
ERSU
Manager/PHCN
Engineers
Decommissioning /
Abandonment
PHCN shall ensure that the
decommissioning and abandonment
plan for the Substations and the
proposed projects are implemented
in details as contained in this
document.
ERSU
Manager/PHCN
Management
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6.0 DETAILED GUIDELINES FOR THE SUBSTATION REHABILITATION/REINFORCEMENT CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION
This aspect of the ESMP is developed in such a way that it would be inserted in the Bid
documents for the intending Contractors to know what is expected of them during the
project implementation period. Based on their approved submission the PMU-ERSU will
monitor their site activities.
6.1 Project Design & Implementation The design of the proposed Substation Rehabilitation Project of (NEGIP) is based on
Power Holding Company/TCN Operations, Maintenance and HSE guidelines as well as
relevant technical specifications in agreement with standard power and electrical
industry practices. These philosophies identify relevant standards, codes, practices and
specifications that apply to the technical/operating specifications to be used for the
design, construction and operations of the proposed NEGIP Project. The guidelines also
address controlling deviations from approved standards, codes, practices and
specifications, and providing feedback to improved standards.
.
6.2 Foundation Works, Land / Sand Filling and Surfacing Work along access roads and construction site shall be carried out in such a manner
that there is no damage or interference with existing water courses or drainage systems,
utilities, structures, roads or other property of public or private, vehicular or pedestrians
access, other than to the extent that is necessary for them to be removed or diverted to
permit the execution of work within the defined operational perimeter. Any facilities
disturbed or damaged directly or indirectly due to foundation works, site excavations,
land/sand/gravel filling and surfacing activities shall be restored to the original condition.
The clean up and restoration plan shall be in accordance with regulatory requirements.
If existing watercourses and drainage systems are required to be temporarily diverted to
enable the works to be carried out, approval for such diversions shall first be obtained
from the relevant authorities. The diversion shall be maintained while the work is being
carried out and shall be re-instated, including the removal of any obstruction to
hydrological flow as soon as practicable after work is completed.
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No excavated material or debris shall be permitted to enter existing drainage systems or
water courses. Settling ponds or other approved means shall be provided, if necessary
to ensure compliance to the requirements of the local authorities.
6.3 Use of Public Access Roads All transportation, construction/installation and surfacing works shall be executed in
such a manner that will ensure that interference with the use of public roads is minimal.
However, if operational safety demands the blockage of public roads, then the site HSE
Coordinator may approve such operation only when temporary traffic control and
diversion arrangements have been provided.
Storage of litter/debris, tools and equipment in public or private roads shall be
prohibited. Contractors shall develop road clearing strategies to ensure that public roads
are kept clear, safe and passable throughout the duration of their job as they will not be
permitted to cause any public nuisance.
6.4 Sacred / Archaeological Sites Agreement shall be made with Contractors and relevant authorities working on site to
clearly demarcate areas of exclusion around existing sites of heritage and cultural value
to the host community. Contractors shall not remove or relocate any of such sites in the
course of project execution without notifying PHCN’s representative who shall make
necessary arrangements and obtain authorization from members of the affected
community before such removal or relocation.
6.5 Hydrological Properties and Drainage Protection Contractors shall ensure that there will be minimal adverse environmental impact on the
drainage pattern of the project area, and that all hydrological characteristics and
qualities will be maintained at its present status or be improved upon.
During excavation, construction/installation works, the Contractors shall where
necessary ensure that the surface water flows on land or swamp areas are controlled
and if necessary channelled into temporary discharge pits. Such pits shall be located,
designed and constructed in a manner that will minimize the potential threat of erosion.
Muddy water and surface run-off from work sites shall be drained into suitable silt traps
before discharge into rivers or creeks. The silt trap shall be of adequate size and
regularly de-silted. Excessive site clearing shall be avoided and exposed surfaces shall
be re-vegetated as soon as practicable to minimize erosion.
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6.6 Pollution Control 6.6.1 Air Pollution In operating equipment, Contractor shall utilize all practical methods and devices
available in order to control, prevent and otherwise minimize atmospheric emissions or
the discharge of air contaminants. Good engine efficiency of equipment and vehicles
shall be adequately maintained. Indiscriminate burning of materials resulting from
clearance from trees, bushes and combustible materials shall also not be permitted.
6.6.2 Water and Soil Pollution Pollution of surface water by wastewater, oil and other lubricants/ liquid wastes shall be
prevented by proper management practices. Drainage and effluent water from the
chemical/fuel storage and processing facilities shall be collected and treated to
approved regulatory requirements of 10ppm oil in water using wastewater treatment
plant to be installed before discharge.
Contractor shall perform all excavation, construction and surfacing activities with
methods that will prevent pollution of the soil media by accidental spills of contaminants,
debris, and other objectionable pollutants. Regular checks shall be conducted on
equipment to minimize minor lube oil and combustible leaks from engines.
Safe distances and buffer zones shall be established between facilities, work sites and
host communities/substation staff to reduce the impact of high noise levels from the
facilities being reinforced or rehabilitated..
6.7 Transport Operations The Contractor shall manage all transport operations in line with the following guidelines
in order to forestall accidents/incidents.
6.7.1 Pre-mobilization of Vehicles All vehicles to be used for transportation of equipment, materials and personnel shall be
pre-mobilized by the site ERSU Manager. The pre-mobilization shall be conducted to
confirm that the vehicles and the drivers have the necessary competence needed for the
journey. It shall also be confirmed during pre-mobilization exercise that a Job Hazard
Analysis (JHA) has been conducted for the trip and that all recommended precautions
(mitigation measures) have been adopted.
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6.8 Inspection and Maintenance Procedures for Contractor Equipments In order to assist on maintaining the technical integrity of the facilities, a well defined
inspection and maintenance management system will be put in place in order to ensure
compliance with (safety) regulations. Contractor’s maintenance programme shall deal
with establishing the processes to develop and sustain necessary maintenance
procedures. The system shall address identifying and classifying procedures required as
to their impact on operating integrity, controlling deviations from procedures and
updating of procedures to capture lessons learned. It will also address training and
verifying competency for facility specific procedures.
The maintenance system will include plans and procedures for:
Normal maintenance (routine and breakdown maintenance performed by the
maintenance technicians involved in the proposed project.
Preventive maintenance (activities carried out at pre-determined intervals)
Predictive maintenance (as initiated by facility condition monitoring and assessment
Inspection (in accordance with a pre-defined programme and based on statutory and
company requirements)
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7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PLAN
Contractor and the PMT shall strictly operate a monitoring programme that would lead to
sustainable project-environment relationship. This will be strengthened with the
occasional monitoring visits of the ERSU-PMU. The monitoring programme shall
commence from site preparation through implementation to operation stages in order to
keep track of the entire project activities and performance. The programme will provide
information on impacts compared with prediction and by doing so provide advance
warning of any adverse changes in both the ecosystem and socio economic
development.
7.1 The main objectives of the monitoring programme are to: 1. Ensure compliance with regulatory emission and discharge limits
2. Monitor changes in existing physico-chemical, biological and social
characteristics of the environment, compared to both the environmental baseline
and predicted conditions
3. Ensure continual interactions and flow of information between Contractor and the
stakeholders
4. Determine whether any detected changes in socio- economic and environmental
components are caused by the project or by other forces
5. Determine the effectiveness of the control and mitigation/ enhancement
measures and provide basis for recommending additional measures
6. Ensure that the established transparent procedures for carrying out the proposed
project are sustained
7. Ensure sustenance of accountability and a sense of local ownership through out
the project lifecycle.
8. The lessons learnt from the monitoring will be used to further strengthen the
respective teams
The programme is for the initial stages of the project. The monitoring frequency is
subject to review after the first year to determine its effectiveness and possibly include
other identified areas of concern. The ERSU-PMU shall ensure that the monitoring
programme is fully implemented by Regional ERSU and designated State/Federal
Agents.
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The Environmental monitoring programme designed for the construction and operations
phases of the project is shown in the Table below.
Table 7.1: Environmental Monitoring Programme for the proposed NEGIP
Components Project Phase Impact Indicator
Location Method of monitoring
Duration/ Frequency
Biodiversity (Vegetation and wildlife)
Site preparation and operation/maintenance phases
Abundance and diversity of native plant and animal species, presence of exotic plant species
Survey and sampling within the S/S and access way corridor and within the communities along transmission route
During Site
Preparation and
yearly during
operation phase
Air Quality Site Preparation, Construction/installation and Operation Phases
CO, SOX, NH3, NOX, and HC
Sampling and measurement within the S/S
Weekly during site
preparation and
construction yearly
during operation
phase
Soil Site Preparation, construction/installation and Operation Phases
PCB, HC, Heavy metals, & Hydrocarbon utilizing Fungi and Bacteria
Sampling and testing around the transformer locations and within the switch yard
During Site
Preparation and
Twice yearly during
operation phase
Surface Water
Construction/installation and Operation Phases
pH, Cond., TDS, BOD, PCB, COD, Turbidity, Oil and Grease etc.
Sampling and in-situ testing of water from wells around the S/Ss and streams near the laboratory testing
During
construction/
installation and
yearly during
operation phase
Noise Site preparation construction/installation and operation phases
Noise Level 90 dB (A)
Measurement around Substation and the adjoining host communities
Weekly during site
preparation and
construction yearly
during operation
phase
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Community health
Site preparation construction/installation and operation phases
Common/prevalent diseases in the S/S & host communities
Collection of data and statistics from Clinics and Hospitals within host communities
Yearly and or when
necessary
Socio-economic indices
All phases Traffic flow, income levels, housing, trading activities, and social infrastructure
Within host communities
Twice yearly during
project phase
Employment pattern
All phases Contractors/suppliers, part/full time Employment, skilled/unskilled labour recruitment
Consultations with community leaders and youths in host communities and review of Employment quota
Yearly during
project phases
Compensations/Homage
All phases Land take, accident victims, landlords/community relationship, leadership and governance
Consultations and review of MOU with host communities
During construction
phase and bi-
annually during
operation/maintena
nce
7.2 Regulatory Compliance Plan
A comprehensive checklist shall be developed in order to check every HSE-related
regulations for the proposed project including those yet to come. The specific
requirements of each of the regulators. Standards or codes shall also be clearly defined
in the checklist. Project-specific compliance shall be interpreted and documented into a
Regulatory Compliance Plan (RCP) which will be approved and then incorporated into
the routine administrative activities.
8.0 WORK SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PLAN Operations within the work site shall be subject to government, industry and PHCN
Policies guidelines. All PHCN and Contractor staff shall be well informed and trained on
the HSE policies and guidelines. All facilities shall also be designed to enhance safety
planning, and activities shall be executed within the confines of relevant legislation and
stakeholders interests.
34
PHCN/Contractors shall provide adequate health services as well as site first aid
services for its workforce. The first aid services shall be extended to visiting personnel
and casual workers. All construction activities shall be properly managed through careful
planning and the applicable and relevant HSE policies and inclusive of the following:
8.1 Use of Permit-to-Work Job Hazard Analysis and toolbox meetings
Use of appropriate PPE in designated areas
Prohibition to drinking of alcohol during working hours and at work sites and facilities
Prohibition to night trips
Regular emergency drills
Prohibition to smoking in fire hazards areas
9.0 WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN The manner in which wastes are handled, stored and disposed is dictated by the nature
of the waste and this waste management plan takes into consideration the nature of all
wastes that will be generated during the lifetime of the proposed project.
The following objectives form the basis for the waste management plan of the project.
Progressive reduction of wastes with the target to minimize overall
emissions/discharges, which have adverse impact on the environment
To meet the environmental requirements of FMENV and other national and international
waste management as well as PHCN corporate waste management guidelines
To establish, implement and maintain waste segregation aimed at enhancing recycling
To ensure that PHCN and Contractors are responsible for effective waste handling and
disposal process, which shall be monitored by relevant waste disposal authorities
To ensure that waste management programme is in line with the provisions of the
Environmental Management Programme of ISO 14001.
The standard for the plan are binding on all staff and Contractors involved in the
proposed project with respect to the:
Emission or release of pollutant and fugitive gases
Discharge or spill of untreated liquid effluent on land and into surface water
Discharge of solid waste on land and into surface water
35
Generation of noise.
9.1 Waste Handling Guidelines For proper handling and disposal, wastes shall be well defined at source and the
definition transmitted along with the wastes to the final disposal points. PHCN and
Contractors personnel shall define and document all wastes generated in the course of
work in a monthly waste stream report, which shall be used to track/monitor wastes
generated from the Substations.
Basic information that must be provided as a minimum for adequate definition of wastes
include:
9.2 Waste type identification; The major categories of wastes envisaged from the Substation Projects are outlined as
follows:
Category/Definition Solid wastes This include felled vegetation/trunks, woods from crates, metals, papers,
printer cartridges and other office services, domestic waste (waste generated from camp
kitchens, packing materials, boxes and plastics)
Liquid wastes This include non hazardous operational waste generated from
work construction sites e.g. lubes, lubricants, sanitary water, paints etc
Gaseous wastes This include combustion products from construction engines,
welding gas, natural gas leaks etc
Hazardous waste is any gaseous, liquid or solid, which due to quantity, physical,
chemical or infectious characteristics have the potential to harm human health,
environment when improperly handled, stored, disposed, transported or treated e.g.
acids, lead, phenols, etc. In this case, the main hazardous waste expected is PCB
because of the age of the Transformers and as such we are likely going to be faced with
the management of PCB in transformer oils in compliance with the UNEP chemical
management handbook, on handling, complete elimination and total phase out of all
these old equipment for Health and safety purposes. For this ESMP, the following are
considered: Determination of the presence of PCBs in soil, equipment or containers of used oil:
36
PCBs oils were initially proposed as dielectric fluids for use in electrical equipment such
as transformer, capacitors, Switch gears, Circuit breakers, Voltage regulator, etc,
because of their excellent dielectric properties and also because of their very low
flammability. PCB oils can absorb rapid changes in electric fields with very little heating
up i.e. very little loss of energy. PCBs have a low flash point and no fire point, meaning
that they are stable in changing temperatures. They burn only if placed in contact with
an open flame. The by products of PCB combustion are very toxic compounds called
dioxins and furans. Apart from the by products, PCB is a very dangerous chemical on its
own because of its great stability and oleophilic nature, meaning that they are easily
absorbed by the fatty tissues of human and animals. PCB can be detected through any
of these major characteristics by checking the flame test and or solubility test:
Measurement of the concentrations of the PCB Oils in equipment/Soil: This can be
done by using Dexil PCB screening kit for the quantity of PCB in part per million of an
equipment/soil in question.
The identification and assessment of PCB contamination in oil, soil, drains and ground water could be done by using the screening kit to get the quantity of PCB in
each sample before they are taken for the actual laboratory analysis. However, it can
also be done though the following simple tests:
a) Density Test: Because of the presence of chlorine which is a fairly heavy
atom; PCB oils generally have high densities.
b) Chlorine Test: this is a simple chemical test for the presence of Chlorine.
What is required normally is a simple test that can be carried out rapidly after sampling
from the suspected transformer/drain or soil. The analysis of these substances is
generally done in a laboratory using various types of chromatography:
• Packed column gas chromatography
• Thin layer liquid chromatography
• High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Equipment procedures and training for staff and/or contractor’s personnel that will handle PCBs, Training on hazardous chemical management and hazardous liquid
and solid wastes management will be organised for the teams working on the project.
Packaging, Storage and transport of PCB contaminated oil, soil, equipment and other materials: An expert is expected to work on this aspect in accordance with focal
point guidelines i.e. Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv.) Also the supervising
37
teams should be trained on packaging, disposal, storage procedures and transportation
of hazardous materials in accordance with the Basel Convention guidelines.
Ultimate disposal of PCB contaminated substances: This could be done in safe,
Government-authorized temporary storages, authorized landfill, or through thermal
destruction role of FMEnv in management of PCBs. Every disposal will be done in
accordance with the FMEnv hazardous waste management guide line.
Health and Safety: Handling of PCB contaminated liquids/equipment Operatives handling PCB liquid and contaminated materials must take the following
precautions: a. a). Ensure ventilation in the working area ;
b. b). Wear full protective clothing i.e.
• One-piece chemical resistant suit:
• Chemical resistant gloves;
• Boots, or disposable cover for shoes
• Fully approved face breathing mask, with a positive air flow from
remote air compressor or bottles; and
• A full face mask with replacement canister can be used for low lever
exposure.
The symptoms of PCB exposure are chloacne, eye irritation, drowsiness,
headaches and sore throat. Under no circumstance must any operatives or observers
smoke in the area where PCB is being handled.
Acceptable threshold limit values (TLV’s) are usually not fixed by legislation. However, it
can be cited here for example, the levels recommended by the United Kingdom Health
and Safety Executive:
- For 42% chlorine content (e.g. Arochlor 1242): long term exposure: 1
mg/m3
- For 54% chlorine content (e.g. Aroclor 1254): long term exposure:
0.5mg/m3
In Germany the former Health Office recommended the following:
- Tolerable Daily intake (TDI): 1mg/kg body weight per day
38
Emergencies: should any spillages of PCBs occur, this must be contained with
absorbent material, which would be placed in the steel drums for subsequent approved
disposal. Operatives dealing with spills must take the following first aids precautions:
- If PCBs come in contact with the eyes, immediately irritate eyes with water for at
least 15 minutes and consult your doctor after that.
- If PCBs come in contact with skin, immediately remove any contaminated clothing
and wash affected skin with soap and water.
- If swallowed, wash out mouth several times with clean water, drink water, and
obtain medical attention.
If inhaled, move to a fresh air zone and obtain medical attention
9.3 Waste Minimization / Reduction Waste minimization implies reduction to the greatest extent possible of the volume or
toxicity of waste materials. The four principles of waste minimization process are -
recycle, reduce, reuse and recover, shall be adopted as applicable. The key elements of
the four waste minimization/management principles practices are outlined.
Minimization Definition
Reduce Process modification / design change
Material elimination
Inventory control and management
Material substitution
Improved housekeeping
Reuse Chemical / Oil containers
Reuse waste heat
Recycle / Recover Recycle scrape materials
Recycle paper
Burn waste lubricating oil for energy recovery
Recover oil from tank bottom
Waste Segregation Waste segregation and characterization shall be carried out on wastes that are similar
and may be combined to simplify storage, treatment, recycling and effective
implementation of appropriate waste disposal methods. Wastes shall be segregated,
39
preferably at source into clearly designated bins at strategic locations. Particular
attention shall be given to the work area where a variety of wastes including fast food
packaging shall be generated. The site HSE Coordinator shall be responsible for
maintenance of the waste segregation scheme at the site.
Waste Disposal All debris, spoil materials, and other wastes shall be cleared regularly from the site and
dispose off at approved dump sites operated by designated waste disposal authorities.
Instructions on material safety handling sheet shall be strictly adhered to and shall form
basis for the disposal of wastes related to such products. Wastes in transits shall be
accompanied and tracked by waste disposal notes. The note shall as minimum contain
such information as date of dispatch, description of wastes, waste quantity, container
type, designated disposal site and method, consignee name, means of transport and
confirmation of actual disposal time and date
Waste management audit of facilities shall be carried out in consultation with the HSE
Department of PHCN, and findings shall be properly documented and followed up.
Accommodation, catering services areas and work site shall maintain acceptable
standard of hygiene and good house keeping.
10.0 GENERAL SECURITY PLAN The project team led by the ERSU Manager shall ensure that adequate security
arrangements are made to handle security related incidents effectively. The project
team will identify, evaluate and manage risks to personnel and property arising from
theft, malicious practices, crime, civil disorder or armed conflict.
In addition, each Contractor will be required to prepare a project security plan and
submit to PHCN for review and approval before mobilization to site. The project will also
organize a security workshop to identify, evaluate and recommend contingency plans for
all security risks.
10.1 Journey Management Plan PHCN and Contractor shall follow its journey management procedures strictly. Trips
shall be planned and combined to reduce driving exposures, mandatory use of seat
belts by drivers and passengers in company and Contractors vehicles shall be enforced.
40
All drivers shall attend defensive driving course while night driving (out of town limits)
shall be discouraged.
Each trip/journey to be undertaken during the proposed project shall be managed in
such a manner that will not result to harm to life or property. A journey management
plan specific to each trip shall be produced and submitted to the Site HSE Coordinator
for approval. The details of the journey management plan shall include proposed
mobilization date, mode of transportation, routes, type of cargo as well as the details of
the JHA conducted for the trip. The Site HSE Coordinator may only approve the trip if he
can confirm that all necessary precautions have been taken to forestall transport
accidents/incidents.
10.2 Accident/Incident Management Plan Accidents do not just happen but are caused mainly due to human factors. They result
in pains to the victims and their families, and waste of money and resources and time to
the Company. Consequently, the main priority to PHCN shall be to prevent accidents
during mobilization, construction and operations stages of the proposed projects.
Prevention of workplace accidents during the proposed projects shall be achieved using
the JHA tool and approved work plan/instructions by supervisors.
Consequently, the technical team must conduct JHA for all HSE critical activities and
develop written and explicit work plans/instructions for such operations. The work
instructions shall integrate the recommendations of the JHA. It is only upon submission
of the written work instructions and the supporting JHA document that the Site HSE
Coordinator may consider the project activity for approval. Project activities may only be
approved if the site HSE Coordinator is objectively convinced that the Written Work
Instruction (WWI) are practicable, safe and in accordance with regulatory requirements.
The use of JHA and WWI as work management systems shall include job planning and
permitting, shift / tour handover meetings and logs, special procedures governing higher
risk activities, control of simultaneous activities, energy isolation and workplace
preparation, management controls for temporarily removing safety devices, and
reinstating the facilities and preparing to restart operations. It shall also include
requirements for reviewing completed jobs and capturing and communicating lessons
learned about the work and management system.
41
Accidents shall be reported and investigated to the ERSU Manager in line with PHCN
accident reporting procedure. All personnel shall be encouraged to report all
accidents/incidents and to cooperate in the investigation of such occurrence. Staff shall
be made to know that accidents/incidents investigation are “fact finding” and not “fault
finding” exercises and are particularly useful as lessons in preventing re-occurrence.
10.3 Emergency Response Plan The PMT and Contractors will demonstrate that all potentially significant hazards and
potential impacts of the project activities have been identified, the associated
risks evaluated and understood, and that control and recovery measures to effectively
manage these risks and impacts are in place before mobilization to site. PHCN will
assist Contractors, where necessary, with the provision of a generic hazard list for
guidance.
In case of an emergency, Contractor emergency response procedure will be activated.
Its objectives are:
To ensure no loss of life
To ensure that the environment is protected
To ensure that manpower, equipment and funds are available to effectively contain the
emergency (fire, explosion, electrocution, shocks, accident, spill clean up for
oil/chemical, etc)
In order to ensure that good record keeping is maintained and accurate information
concerning emergency are disseminated to the workers, public and government,
the under mentioned procedures cover the information and issues on the following:
Transformer shut down
Search for leakages
Isolation of supply points
Notification of authorities
Safety precaution and environmental proceedings
Repair methods and procedures
Emergency repairs
Contractor arrangement
Re-commissioning and start up
The PMT and Contractors will identify all potential emergency situations and develop
procedures to use in such scenarios as explosions or fires, hydrocarbon/chemical spills,
weather related disasters, hostage taking, community disturbance, kidnapping, etc.
Emergency drills will be conducted to demonstrate preparedness for response and
42
schedule of drills and testing of emergency instruments will be prepared by
PHCN/Contractors on the proposed projects.
Every technical Contractor on the proposed projects will prepare and submit for
approval contingency plan for emergency situations and possible incidents beyond the
capability of site facilities.
10.4 Consultation Plan This involves soliciting peoples views on proposed actions and engaging them in
dialogue. It is characterized by two way information flow, from project authorities to
people, and from people to project authorities. The overall aim of the consultation plan
for the project therefore is addressing the concerns and opinions of the stakeholders
with the ultimate view to assuring a smooth project implementation.
Consultation about these rehab/reinforcement projects have been initiated by the PMU-
ERSU to Federal Ministry of Environment, the World Bank Safeguard Team, PHCN-
TCN HQ & project sites, surrounding Communities and shall remain a continuous
process during implementation. The programme for the project construction and
operations stages include:
Visits and courtesy calls on community leaders and other stakeholders to discuss the
effectiveness of the addressed social issues on the lives of the host communities.
Direct visit to the affected populations to consider (through questionnaires, interviews
and visual observations.
Organizing large public meetings (participatory rural appraisal- PRA) to discuss public
welfare, clarify misconceptions and address new issues as regards the project.
Holding workshops and extension courses on resource management (using simply
written materials, visual representation, videos and scale models to decode technical
languages) and sensitising local people on the latest impact mitigation techniques.
Organizing public seminars aimed at identifying new ways of rendering socio-economic
assistance for the locals.
Establishing a voluntary participatory programme in the local media, television and
radio) through which NGOs, CBOs and other key stakeholders concerned and the
general public can comment on various aspects of the project and to ensure that all
socio-economic and environmental issues are adequately addressed.
In case of any Grievances, the affected person(s) should come to or write the CEO of
PHCN-TCN and copy the head of Substation who then will attempt to resolve any
43
grievance. He will liaise with the PMT in sorting out the grievance and notify the CEO
PHCN. When the CEO of PHCN-TCN cannot resolve the grievance himself, the
offended can then seek redress from any Court of Law in Nigeria.
10.5 Communication Plan Effective two-way communication between PHCN and Contractor staff on HSE and
security issues will include awareness programmes to motivate staff and Contractors.
HSE and security information experiences will be shared between PHCN and
Contractors to facilitate improvement in HSE and security performance.
Contractor shall ensure its staff involved at all levels in the proposed projects become
familiar with the importance of compliance with the adopted HSE policy, regulatory
compliance plan, security plan and their individual roles and responsibilities in achieving
their compliance.
Each person shall be aware of his respective work activities, inherent job risks and
hazard and their controls, mitigation measures and emergency and response
procedures that have been established. They also need to be aware of potential
consequences of departure from agreed operating procedures. Consequently each
Contractors will have a project communications focal point to enhance communications
with the Contractor project team at various locations. Contractors will set up appropriate
procedures and lines of communication to handle HSE and security issues (e.g. direct
access to the nearest clinic, direct access to emergency services, etc).
Contractors should be able to communicate easily with their base offices, work site and
local PHCN in an emergency situation. Appropriate safety programmes and promotions
need to be employed in order to effectively promote HSE and create awareness e.g.
minutes of meetings, plans and performance targets, HSE performance on news board,
posters, bulletins, video, news flash, e-mail etc.
Appropriate HSE incentive programmes should be established to promote individual
HSE performance improvements e.g. suggestion boxes, personal recognition,
observation of annual safety week, HSE performance bonus schemes etc.
11.0 COMMISSIONING/HAND OVER PLAN
44
The risks associated with the commissioning and handover phase of the Projects will be
adequately evaluated and will be covered by detailed commissioning procedures and
guidelines. The Engineering, Procurement, Installation and Commissioning (EPIC)
contract strategy will allow time for familiarity of the commissioning/operation team. This
will allow for effective supervision and carryover of priority items into the operation
phase. A pre-commissioning audit will be carried by the PMT for the proposed projects.
Specific commissioning plans covering all significant Contractor commissioning
activities, particularly control of potential dangerous operations during the
commissioning will be developed. The proposed facility will not be put into operation
unless commissioning approval is received from PMU and PHCN-TCN.
12.0 DECOMMISSIONING / ABANDONMENT PLAN The design and facilities shall take due recognition of the need to decommission the
Transmission Substation and the ancillary facilities at the end of their operational life,
the abandonment plan shall take due note of the current national and international
legislative requirements.
The following shall be consider at the end of the project lifecycle:
Need for facilities decommissioning and notification to FMENV.
Team shall be set up to study and plan the decommissioning/abandonment programme
in a manner that meets standard requirement.
An Environmental Evaluation Report (EER) to determine if the activities carried out at
the site have caused any detrimental effects and if any, discuss mitigations and
restoration measures.
In-depth Environmental Studies for the actual removal of equipment (demolition) has to
be carried out.
45
ANNEX 1
COST ESTIMATES
Cost Estimate
The table below shows the cost estimate for implementing the various intervention plans
for mitigation, environmental monitoring and ERSU capacity building at the substations.
S/N ACTIVITY INTERVENTION PLAN COST (USD) SUB TOTAL ACTION 1 Mitigation • Site preparations (4 Nos.)
• Construction • Decommissioning • Substation Operations
3,000.00/site 5,000.00/site 2,000.00/site 5,000.00/yr/site
12,000.00 20,000.00
8,000.00 20,000.00
TCN PMU Contractor TCN
2 Environmental and Social Monitoring
• Biodiversity (Vegetation and wildlife)
• Air Quality • Soil • Surface Water • Noise • Community Health • Socio-economics
1,000.00/site 1,000.00 1,500.00 1,000.00 700.00 1,200.00 1,000.00
4,000.00
4,000.00 6,000.00 4,000.00 2,800.00 4,800.00 4,000.00
PMU-ERSU
‘’ ‘’ ‘’ ‘’ ‘’ ‘’
1 ERSU-PMU • Capacity Building o Consultancy on the
‘Development of PCB Clean-up procedure/process.’
o Provision of Soil, Water and Air sampling equipment.
• Training o Environmental
Monitoring & Modelling.
o Environmental Audit o Basic Sampling
Techniques o PCB detection and
Disposal Procedures.
40,000.00
10,000.00
100,000.00
150,000.00
PMU-ERSU
‘’ ‘’ ‘’
2 ERSU - Substations
• Capacity Building o Establishment of an
ERSU for each substation.
o Establishment of an Environmental Committee that will ensure the implementation of environmental Monitoring and Audit reports.
PMU-ERSU PMU-ERSU
46
o Provision of protective wears (Hard hats, safety gloves, Ear Muffs, Nose muffs).
o Provision of Fire Fighting Van and upgrade of other fire fighting facilities.
• Training o Environmental
Monitoring and Modelling.
o Environmental Audit. o Basic Sampling
Techniques o PCB detection and
Disposal Procedures.
70,000.00
200,000.00
100,000.00
270,000. 00 100,000.00
‘’ ‘’
3 FMEnv./NESREA
• Capacity Building o Establishment of a
Database and a website for Environmental Assessment Documents for the Federal Ministry of Environment.
o Provision of basic soil, water and air sampling equipment.
• Training o Water and
Environmental Law and Institutions.
o Environmental Monitoring & Modelling.
o Environmental Audit. o Basic Sampling
Techniques o PCB detection and
Disposal Procedures.
100,000.00 50, 000.00
100, 000.00 50,000.00
PMU-ERSU
‘’ ‘’
Grand Total USD 759,600.00
47
ANNEX 2
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SITE-SPECIFIC CONDITIONS AT AKANGBA 330/132/33kV T RANSMISSION SUBSTATION.
The Akangba 330/132/33kV Transmission substation is located between coordinate
points N 0538465 and E 0717990 on an elevation of about 34feet above sea level within
Surulere L.G.A. of Lagos state. This station was commissioned in 1965 to improve
supply in the Surulere area of Lagos. The station has 4 x 90 MVA and 1 x150MVA
power transformers in the 330kV switch yard, 2 x 60MVA power transformers in the
132kV switchyard. All other associated facilities in a typical electric power transmission
station like Switch Gears, Insulators, Isolators Buss Bars etc. are also present in this
station and were commissioned alongside the Transformers about fourty-five years ago.
The facilities at this station are old and have out lived their life spans. More so the
technology applied in the installed equipment is old and have been phased out by the
manufacturers, making it almost impossible to get spares. The fact that the transformers
at this station date to 1965 reveals a real risk of PCB contamination in the event of
Transformer oil spillage.
The substation is littered with scrap materials of different kinds and spare equipment are
also kept in the open. There are evidences of Transformer oil spillage where the drums
of Transformer oil are kept. The waste water tank is also contaminated with oil. The
wastes from the air tanks have a rusty appearance suggesting that the air tanks are
rusted and need to be replaced. Environmental management at this station is generally
poor and this is largely responsible for the oil contamination and scrap found within the
substation premises.
The rehabilitation work to be done at the station will involve the replacement of Isolators,
Circuit breakers and some other ancillary facilities. A new 33kV substation is likely to be
constructed to replace the old indoor unit presently used there. A few more Power
Transformers will also be installed to boost the capacity of the substation since all the
existing Transformers are already overloaded.
48
This ESMP is designed to address the environmental and social impacts that may arise
from the rehabilitation activities at the Akangba 330/132/33kV Transmission substation.
It will also proffer solutions to the lingering environmental issues like oil spillage and
disposal of scrap materials and also put in place a well trained Environment,
Resettlement and Social Unit (ERSU) that will ensure strict compliance with World Bank
and other International environmental standards in the day to day running of the
substation.
Summary of Peculiar Impacts A new 33kV substation will be constructed to replace the old in-door 33kVstation
presently in use at the station. This will involve excavating the soil to cast foundations
for the Transformers and other switch yard equipment thus exposing the soil to erosion.
This also means that the old 33kV switchyard will be abandoned leading to the
generation of a huge pile of wastes and scrap materials. The existing transformers at
this switchyard will also be decommissioned and scraped.
49
Figure A 1: Scrap Materials Littering the Akangba Substation Premises.
Figure A 2: Air-Blast Operated Circuit Breakers on the Indoor 33kV Switchyard.
50
Figure A 3: Decommissioned, oil-filled Reactor at the substation.
Figure A 4: Decommissioned Insulators and other scrap materials at the substation premises.
51
Figure A 5: Drums of transformer Oil at a section of the substation – note the dark patch of oil on the ground. This is a likely source of PCB contamination.
Figure A 6: Waste water drain with oil stain.
52
Figure A 7: Rusty stains from an air tank.
Figure A 8: Abandoned vehicles within the substation premises.
53
ANNEX 3
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SITE-SPECIFIC CONDITIONS AT ALAGBON 132/33kV TRANSMISSION SUBSTATION.
The Alagbon 132/33kV Transmission substation is located between coordinate points N
0546645 and E 0714272 on an elevation of just 17 feet above sea level by Dolphin
Estate within Ikoyi area by the Lagos Lagoon. This station was commissioned in 1980 to
boost the supply of electricity to Ikoyi and Victoria Island areas of Lagos and has two 66
MVA power transformers in the 132kV switch yard.
The substation has sunk by at about 1meter and is overgrown with weeds. During the
rainy season it is completely submerged with water, burying cables and making the
substation impassable. The substation staff are able to reach the equipment to carryout
maintenance only by peddling on drums of Transformer oil.
Environmental management at this station is generally poor and this is largely
responsible for the oil contamination and scrap found within the substation premises.
The station also has no ERSU unit to manage environmental issues and ensure
sustainability of its operations. This ESMP is designed to address the environmental and
social impacts that may arise from the rehabilitation activities at the Akangba 132/33kV
Transmission substation environmental problems that have bedevilled this substation
over the years.
Summary of Peculiar Impacts The Alagbon Transmission substation is suffering a major environmental problem which
involves the submergence of the general surroundings of the substation including the
cable trenches. Only the foundation of facilities built on piles are left standing. The
premises have sunk by at least 1meter (See pictures below). This exerts tension on the
cables and subsequently the terminal points at the control equipment.
The switchyard is practically unrecognisable and virtually impassable during the rainy
season. This posses very high health and safety risks to the substation staff that are
burdened with the duty of ensuing that the substation up and running, being the only
source of supply to Victoria Island and Ikoyi areas of Lagos.
54
The rehabilitation of the Alagbon Transmission substation will involve the complete
reconstruction of the substation facilities. This will involve diverting supply from this
substation. An alternative source of supply will have to be provided for the areas being
covered by this substation while rehabilitation work is going on. The entire drainage
system will need to be reconstructed to keep the substation dry. This will involve
encroaching on the lagoon, thus disturbing the natural habitat and the population of
species within it.
It is recommended that the entire structures within this station, including the control
room, be erected on piles to limit the effect of sinking.
Vehicular movement around the dolphin estate is usually heavy on a normal day and the
assistance of the Police and Traffic wardens will be required to ensure minimal
interruption of traffic during movement of equipment in and out of the substation.
Movement of equipment should be limited to the night time when vehicular movement is
lowest and this must be arranged and agreed upon all stakeholders. Adequate
enlightenment of the schedule must be made via local print and electronic media to
enable residents plan their movement.
The Alagbon Transmission substation is situated in a residential area and construction
work must be limited to the day time to reduce the impact of noise.
55
Figure B 1: A general view of the Alagbon Transmission substation. Notice the mud cracks of the walkway, an evidence of submergence by water.
Figure B 2: Cable trenches at Alagon TS destroyed due to sinking.
56
Figure B 3: Transformer base exposed due to sinking – notice the clearance between the Transformer plinth and the cable trench. Notice the slanting Transformer base this could be an evidence of shifting of the structures holding the transformer base.
57
Figure B 4: Cables sagging due to a collapse of the supporting cable trench. Notice the exposure of the foundation of the control room.
Figure B 5: Oil stains from a rusted Transformer oil drum.
58
Figure B 6: A clear view of the submergence of the surroundings of the substation premises.
Figure B 7: Scrap materials littering the substation premises.
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ANNEX 4
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SITE-SPECIFIC CONDITIONS AT IKEJA WEST TRANSMISSION SUBSTATION.
The Ikeja West 330/132/33kV Transmission substation is located between coordinate
points N 0527520 and E 0729918 on an elevation of 120 feet above sea level in Ayobo
area of Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos state. This station was
commissioned in 1979 and supplies Ikeja areas of Lagos as well as Ota, Papalanto and
Abeokuta in Ogun State.
No major turn around maintenance has been carried out since the station was
commissioned about thirty years ago. The technology applied in major equipment at this
station, like in most TCN substations, is old and most have been phased out by the
manufacturers. There is also the risk of PCB contamination in the event of oil spillage
since the transformers are old.
This substation is also littered with scrap materials of different kinds and spare
equipment are also kept in the open sine there is no scrap yard or spare yard to store
old and spare items.
There are evidences of Transformer oil spillage where the drums of Transformer oil are
kept and environmental management at this station is generally poor since there is no
ESRU established to manage environmental and social issues in the daily operations of
the substation.
The rehabilitation work to be done at the station will involve the installation of additional
transformers to relief the existing ones. This substation is fenced with concrete
perimeter walls and no land take will be involved neither will there be any issues of
cultural property.
This ESMP is designed to address the environmental and social impacts that may arise
from the rehabilitation activities at the Ikeja West Transmission substation and as well
establish an ERSU within the substation to ensure compliance with international and
local environmental regulations. The ERSU of this substation will supervise subsequent
60
environmental audits of the substation and implement the reports of same at the close of
the rehabilitation project.
The details of responsibilities of all parties are spelt out in the Institutional Arrangement
chapter of this document.
61
Figure C 1: A general view of the Ikeja West Transmission substation.
Figure C 2: Scrap materials and spare equipment.
62
Figure C 3: Another scene of scrap and spare material lying in the open.
63
ANNEX 5
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SITE-SPECIFIC CONDITIONS AT MANDO 330/132/33kV TRANSMISSION SUBSTATION.
The Mando 330/132/33kV Transmission substation is located in the north-west axis of
Kaduna town along the Old Kaduna-Ilorin express road. This station was commissioned
in 1968 with 2Nos. 60 MVA Transformers. An additional 90MVA transformer was added
in 2000. This transformer exploded and was replaced with another 1x90 MVA
transformer. An additional 1x150MVA Transformer was also added about this period.
The Mando Transmission substation takes care of supply to Kaduna metropolis, Kano,
Katsina, Jigawa, parts of Plateau, parts of Bauchi and parts of Niger states.
The station has an environmental team on ground to look into environmental and social
issues but lacks the funds to implement effective environmental management.
The transformers at this station are overloaded and this is mostly responsible for the
explosion of Transformers, circuit breakers and other switchyard facilities.
The 2x60 MVA Transformers installed in 1968 are still in service and are thus a real risk
of PCB contamination should there be Transformer oil spillage.
There are no proper locations for storage of scrap materials. This explains why scrap
materials are left in the open.
A full fledged ERSU will be established, trained and equipped to ensure compliance with
local, national and World Bank environmental and safeguard policies as part of the
implementation of this ESMP. It is recommended that a fire-fighting van be procured for
this station to help provide immediate remedies for incidence of faire outbreaks.
The rehabilitation work to be done at the station will involve the replacement of Isolators,
Circuit breakers and some other ancillary facilities.
64
Summary of Peculiar Impacts A new 33kV substation will be constructed to replace the old in-door 33kVstation
presently in use at the station. This will involve excavating the soil to cast foundations
for the Transformers and other switch yard equipment thus exposing the soil to erosion.
This also means that the old 33kV switchyard will be abandoned leading to the
generation of a huge pile of wastes and scrap materials. The existing transformers at
this switchyard will also be decommissioned and scraped.