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- the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. -comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. - can also be defined as human action, including design, to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system Management

Business Organization and Management

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Page 1: Business Organization and Management

- the act of getting people  together  to accomplish desired goals and objectives using  available  resources  efficiently  and effectively. 

-comprises planning, organizing,  staffing, leading or  directing, and controlling an organization (a  group  of  one  or  more  people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal.

-   can  also  be  defined  as  human  action,  including  design,  to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system

Management

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"Management is the art of knowing what you want to do and then seeing that they do it in the best and the cheapest may."

- Frederick Winslow Taylor (Father of Scientific Management)

"Management is to forecast, to plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and control activities of others."

- Henry Fayol (Father of Modern Management)

“Management is the organization and coordination of the activities of an enterprise in accordance with certain policies and in achievement of clearly defined objectives.”

- Peter Drucker

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“Management is the art of getting things done through people."

- Mary Parker Follett

 "Management is what a manager does".

- Louis Allen  

"Management is the art and science of decision making and leadership."

- Donald J. Cough

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"Management  is that process by which managers create, direct, maintain and operate purposive  organization  through  systematic,  coordinated  and  cooperative  human efforts.“

- McFarland

"Management  is  the  coordination  of  all  resources  through  the  process  of  planning, organising, directing and controlling in order to attain stated goals.“

- Henry Sisk

 "Management is a social and technical process that utilizes resources, influences human action and facilitates changes in order to accomplish an organization's goals.“

- Tho Harmann, William Scott

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Management

- Process  (planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling)

-Organization/System(is a social group which distributes tasks for a collective goal)(consist of people, utilities, parties, other entities)

-Rules/Strategies(Regulations, Policies, Guidelines, Laws,)(implemented by leaders/managers)

-Objective(common goals, vision/mission)

-Resources(source or supply from which an organization gains profit)(e.g. economic and biological resources)

Manager- person/entity who directs the organization

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- is a social group which distributes tasks for a collective goal. The word is derived from  the  Greek  word organon,  itself  derived  from  the  better-known word ergon which means "organ" - a compartment for a particular task.

Examples of organizations:

-corporations- governments- non-governmental organizations- international organizations- armed forces, charities, not-for-profit corporations, partnerships, cooperatives, and universities. 

In  the  social  sciences,  organizations  are  the  object  of  analysis  for  a  number  of disciplines,  such  as sociology, economics, political science, psychology, and organizational communication. 

Organization

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Rules

- prescribed guide for conduct or actions- a determinate method for performing a mathematical operation and obtaining a certain result- a regulation or bylaw governing procedure or controlling conduct

Strategy

-a careful plan or method- the art of devising or employing plans or stratagems toward a goal 

Resources

-a source or supply from which an organization gains profit. - typically, these are materials or other assets that are transformed to produce benefit and in the process may be consumed or made unavailable.

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Business ManagementHuman resource managementOperations management or production managementStrategic managementMarketing managementFinancial managementInformation technology managementCustomer relationship managementData managementTime management

GovernancePublic AdministrationFamily ManagementCommunity Development

Pain managementTrauma management

Examples of Management

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Rules/Strategies/

Utilization of Resources

Managers

Common goal/Objective

entities

Organization

entities entities

Management(Process)

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- a person who has control or direction of an institution, organization, business, etc., or of a part, division, or phase of it.

- a person who controls and manipulates resources and expenditures

- a person who manages

Manager

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Basic roles of Management

Interpersonal: roles that involve coordination and interaction with employees, networking.Informational: roles that involve handling, sharing, and analyzing information.Decisional: roles that require decision-making.

Management skills

Political: used to build a power base and establish connections.Conceptual: used to analyze complex situations.Interpersonal: used to communicate, motivate, mentor and delegate.Diagnostic: the ability to visualize most appropriate response to a situation.

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Levels of Management

- Most organizations have three management levels: low-level, middle-level, and top-level managers

- These managers are classified in a hierarchy of authority, and perform different tasks.

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Low-level ManagersConsist  of  supervisors,  section leads,  foremen,  etc.  They  focus  on  controlling  and directing. They usually have  the  responsibility of assigning employees  tasks, guiding and supervising employees on day-to-day activities, ensuring quality and quantity production, making recommendations, suggestions, and up channeling employee problems, etc. 

First-level managers are role models for employees that provide:

- Basic supervision- Motivation- Career planning- Performance feedback- Supervising the staffs

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Middle-level ManagersConsist  of  general managers,  branch managers and  department managers.  They  are accountable to the top management for their department's function. They devote more time to organizational and directional functions. 

Their  roles  can be emphasized as executing organizational plans  in  conformance with the  company's  policies  and  the  objectives  of  the  top  management,  they  define  and discuss  information  and  policies  from  top  management  to  lower  management,  and most  importantly  they  inspire and provide guidance  to  lower  level managers  towards better performance. 

Some of their functions are as follows:

- Designing and implementing effective group and intergroup work and information systems- Defining and monitoring group-level performance indicators.- Diagnosing and resolving problems within and among work groups.- Designing and implementing reward systems supporting cooperative behavior.

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Top-level ManagersConsists of board of directors, president, vice-president, CEOs, etc. They are responsible for  controlling  and  overseeing  the  entire  organization.  They  develop  goals,  strategic plans, company policies, and make decisions on the direction of the business.

In  addition,  top-level  managers  play  a  significant  role  in  the  mobilization  of  outside resources and are accountable to the shareholders and general public.

The following skills are needed at the top managerial level:

- Broadened understanding of how: competition, world economies, politics, and social trends effect organizational effectiveness.