Bulk Home Made Explosives (HME) and HME Precursors ...h-ii.org/ref/cbrne/BulkHMEInterdictionT3TrainingSlidesSEPT2014.pdf · HME before they become an IED’s main charge Slows new

Bulk Home Made Explosives (HME) and HME Precursors Interdiction

Simple, Fast, Affordable, and Sustainable!

© 2014 American Innovations, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

What Materials Must Be Stopped and Why? What Materials Must Flow Freely and Why? Battlefield Proven Material Solution Mission - Measures of Effectiveness Kit Components Hands on Training T3 Training – Measures of Effectiveness Conclusion

Overview:


Potassium Chlorate – #1 Threat ◦ 60% (+/-) of IEDs use Potassium Chlorate today, up from < 5 % in 2010

(Afghanistan)

Nitrate Based Fertilizers – #2 Threat ◦ 35% (+/-) of IEDs use Nitrate Based Fertilizers, down from > 85% in 2010

(Afghanistan)

Given their low cost, ease of conversion into HME, and the power they deliver when detonated… Nitrate Fertilizers, Potassium Chlorate, and other Nitrates and Chlorates used in the manufacture of an IEDs main explosive charge MUST BE BANNED, TARGETED FOR INTERDICTION, and DESTROYED.

Bomb Makers Learn and Adapt FAST. Successes in Afghanistan

are being replicated worldwide. Know Your Enemy!!!

Home Made Explosives (HME) Precursors – Main Ingredient in IEDs - What must be stopped?


Saves Lives and Limbs by Interdicting HME Precursors and HME before they become an IED’s main charge

Slows new Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) cases ◦ Reported TBI cases is nearing 300,000 from OEF and OIF operations.

Enhances the Freedom of Movement for all entities Increases detentions of individuals involved with transporting,

storing, or manufacturing bulk HME materials Builds confidence among Tribal Leaders Increases the host nation’s Military and Police Forces’ ability

to counter the IED threat ◦ Results in civilian support and trust from the Tribal Leaders ◦ Results in diminishing support for the bomb manufacturers

Improves Security and Stability which results in Peace and Prosperity driven by global investments into the nation.

Choking Flow of HME Precursors (Nitrates & Chlorates) - Why stopping these materials Matters?


Allows civilians to earn a living ◦ Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) is a legal fertilizer that cannot be

manufactured into HME for IEDs. We must let this flow…

Prevents the detention of civilians possessing non HME aligned fertilizers or other bulk materials not used in IEDs ◦ Urea Fertilizer is no longer being used in HME; Urea Nitrate (a HME) must

remain detectable in case this threat returns.

Encourages Tribal Leader support for National Security Forces Gains Trust from Tribal Leaders and Civilians Empowers Security Forces so they maintain the tactical edge

The IED Threat cannot be defeated without the support

of Tribal leaders and Civilians.

Enabling Flow of Fertilizer not used in HME… Why is this so Important for Trust Building?


Fast to Train, Simple to use, Effective, and Sustainable.

Nitrates and Chlorates detected in 10 seconds, same test.

Bridges Literacy Gaps w Pictures 33 Tests per Kit, Refillable Shelf Life: 3 years Temp: 0-60 Celsius (32-140 F) Attaches to Belts, Molle Gear,

and fits in Cargo Pockets. Evidence Bags & Marker Requires No Power

Targeted HME Precursors / HME Interdiction Kit (Model: Ai-HME-001) - Battlefield Proven


Qualifies for FMF and FMS Funding, No Export Restrictions

Reduce IED related events Reduce IED related Casualties (killed and wounded) Decrease Unlawful Detentions Increase Freedom of Mobility Build Confidence within Military and Police Build Trust with and Confidence toward Military and Police Increase Tribal Leader and Civilian Support Sniffing, tasting, or trying to burn bulk materials in an attempt to determine if they are HME, conveys to Tribal Leaders and Civilians that National Security Forces are not equipped or trained to deal with this threat. “Perception is Reality”.

Mission - Measures of Effectiveness Establish a Bulk HME Interdiction Capability to:


Coming up: Ai-HME-001 - Kit Components Hands On Training Training Measures of

Effectiveness (MOEs) Takeaways Conclusion

BREAK – 10 Minutes


Distribute Kits to each student and Discuss Components

◦ Pouch – Durable, Attaches to Gear, Holds Components and Instruction Card ◦ Instructions – 25 languages and expanding. Select language to display. ◦ Spoon – One scoop of sample is all that is needed. ◦ Test Vials - 33 single use vials prefilled with deionized water included. Use

and Dispose. Water enhances user safety by desensitizing HME if Precursor is already mixed with a fuel.

◦ Test Strips – 33 single use test strips included. Test for Nitrates & Chlorates in the same test. Analysis Time – 10 seconds.

◦ Chlorate Reagent – Use 1 drop per test, more is NOT better. Add to bottom test pad only. Enough for 33+ tests included.

◦ Evidence Collection Bags – After a Positive Hit, a small sample should be retained, labeled, and photographed. The “BAD” Bulk HME Materials should be photographed as well, before EOD destroys the materials.

◦ Red Mini Sharpie – Used to label evidence bags.

Ai-HME-001 Kit Components


Demonstrate how to use the kits? Follow instruction card… Trainees must verify kit detects Target Materials ONLY. ◦ Ammonium Nitrate or Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN-26) Fertilizers –

True Positive, Hit ◦ Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) “Non-HME” Legal Fertilizer – True Negative,

No Hit ◦ Potassium Chlorate – True Positive, Hit ◦ Urea “Legal” Fertilizer – True Negative, No Hit *Urea Nitrate is detected” --- If needed, Bulk Material Precursor Training Aid kit available (BM-PTAK)

Trainees must run these 4 tests (at the minimum), and interpret their own results.

Explain when to use the kits? ◦ Entry Control Points, Route Clearance, Patrolling, Raids, Area Surveillance,

K-9 Support, Training, etc.. All unknown bulk materials should be analyzed. ◦ Large Bags of bulk materials may be compartmentalized so do not only test

from the top. Mixing it up enhances interdiction effectiveness.

Ai-HME-001 Hands on Training


Run through a quick recap of the first half of the class. Provide POCs for obtaining more kits or Resupply Packs.

Ai-HME-001 Hands on Training - continued


Trainees should be able to: ◦ Perform Tests Independently. ◦ Interpret Results – Good (Ignore) vs. Bad (HME Precursor or HME). ◦ Action – Know who to Call upon a Positive Detection ◦ Train others how to test for HME, interpret results, and who to call.

Handouts: ◦ Ai-HME-001 kit with multi language instruction card ◦ Copy of T3 Class, Translated Versions (if available) ◦ Educational Articles (if available). ◦ Email Trainees Copies of T3 Class and Educational Articles

Building effective Force Multiplier Surges against HME Threat requires effective Knowledge Sharing.

Train the Trainer (T3) Class Measures of Effectiveness (MOE)


There will never be a 100% solution to defeat the IED threat. Your greatest assets are the men and women serving with you in

uniform and the civilians who rely upon your selfless service. Tools (Material Solutions) are designed to target specific threats.

Effective tools will continue to evolve with the threats. Mobile Training Teams proficient in host nation languages and who

understand the local culture are essential for fast tracking market acceptance and material solution integration.

Keep the manufacturers of your trusted tools informed of evolving threats. Quality partners will adapt or expand to retain relevancy.

Keeping your chain of command in the loop of what is working and what is not will enhance mission effectiveness, and SAVE LIVES.

Being Proactive is Vital to Establishing a Tactical Edge over Terrorists!

© 2014 American Innovations, Inc.

All Rights Reserved.

American Innovations, Inc. (Ai) shares knowledge with the user community. Email: Grant Haber - [email protected] to be included.

Mobile Training Teams fluent in many languages are available from Ai. (Current - English, Spanish, Pashto, Dari, Urdu, Arabic – More Coming).

Train the Trainer (T3) Class with license free Program of Instruction (POI) and Bulk Material Training Aids also available.

Thank you for your time and service. Stay Alert, and Stay Alive!!!


mailto:[email protected]


Documents

Bulk Home Made Explosives (HME) and HME Precursors ...h-ii.org/ref/cbrne/BulkHMEInterdictionT3TrainingSlidesSEPT2014.pdf · HME before they become an IED’s main charge Slows new