Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Building Institutional Repositories to Meet Real User
Needs
Susan GibbonsAssociate DeanRiver Campus LibrariesUniversity of [email protected]
March 7, 2006
Outline
IR BasicsIR LandscapeUser AnalysisBarriers to ParticipationStrategies to Move Forward
What’s an IR
“a set of services that a university offers to the members of its community for the management and dissemination of digital materials created by the institution and its community members.”
- Clifford Lynch, ARL Bimonthly Report 226
Unique “set of services”
Post-printsPre-printsETDsData setsWorking papersTechnical reportsConference proceedings & presentations
“Supplementary materials”E-journalsMonographsLearning objectsPortfoliosMultimedia objects
Why?: Librarian perspective
Not all valuable scholarly communication is formally publishedBorn-digital documents are far more at risk than paper
Why?: Librarian perspective
Plays to our strengthsOrganizingIndexingPreserving
Proactive response to future of librarianship
Why?: Institutional perspective
Efficiencies Stewardship of intellectual propertyShowcase institution
Why?: Faculty perspective
Solves some of my problemsBackupsFormat migrationAccess
Easier than hosting personal website
Why?: Faculty perspective
FeedbackIs my work being used?Increase in citations
Able to augment my papersOmitted sections/chaptersImagesData sets
IR Landscape:
Then & Now
2004 Landscape
If you build it… they might not come!Example of MIT
National and international press for DSpace$285,000 annualApprox. 4,000 items in 2004$71 per item, per yearProfessional marketing assistance
2004 Landscape
April 2004 Survey of 45 IRs Average # of documents 1,250Median # of documents 290
From Ware, M. (2004). Institutional Repositories and Scholarly Publishing. Learned Publishing 17:2, 115-124.
Today’s Landscape
MIT18,810 documents (11,000+ dissertations) $15.15 per item per year
December 2005 survey of 97 DSpace repositories
Average # of documents 4,486Median # of documents 523
On a global scale, U.S. is falling behind
Australia- 95% Belgium- 53%Denmark- 50% Finland- 5%France- 27% Germany- 100%Italy- 22% Norway- 100%Sweden- 64% The Netherlands- 100%UK- 22% US- 50% of doctoral
From September 2005 D-Lib Magazine article by Westrienen and Lynch
Percentage of Universities with IRs by Country
Getting Better, But Still Not There
How can we come to understand why faculty are not using the IRs?Growing toolkit of methodologies
Work practice studyParticipatory DesignUsability Study
Work Practice Study
IMLS grantAnthropologist, Dr. Nancy Fried FosterDisciplines = Tribes30 in situ interviewsFocused specifically on use of digital tools and documents in research and authoring
Work-Practice Study
Walk us through your research processIntroduce us to your environmentEngage us in your research interests
Record/Video tape everythingTranscriptsAnalysis by diverse group of people
Co-viewingStructured exercisesBrainstorming
Raw Data
Findings Concepts
Concepts
Inspiration
Problemsolving
Analysis
Participatory Design/ User Centered Design
Continuous loops back to the userDon’t guess, just ask!Can still get good input with less than a fully-functional prototype
Usability
Many techniques that can be used throughout the design processClassic test- observing real users performing typical tasksQuality assurance
Usability Lite!1. Define audience & purpose
2. Define key tasks 3. Script the tasks4. Test & record results5. Analyze results6. Translate results into design7. Repeat steps 4-6
Find a known item
Find a preprint authored by Prof. John Smith
Taken from B. Reeb & D. Lindahl’s LITA Regional Institute onDesign Process & Usability
Broad Findings: Different VoicesInstitutional Voice
Showcase; efficienciesLibrary Voice
Archiving; permanence; proactive response to serial pricing
IT VoiceCool technology; back-up consolidation
Faculty/Researcher VoiceCommunicate with colleagues; research is read & cited; control how work is presented
Moving Forward: Different Voices
Be conscious of audienceTarget you marketingCater to faculty/researcher needs
Broad Finding: Language
Not speaking the language of faculty/researchersNot interested in how it works, only that it worksRequire a personalized message
Features As Stated in Promotional Literature
Degree to Which Faculty Understand the Feature and Perceive Its Benefit
Institutional repository 0%
Support for a variety of formats
25%
Digital preservation 25%
Access control 100%
Metadata 0%
Open-source software 0%
Know the disciplineKnow their research interestsChange the vocabulary
Persistent URLs = Unbreakable linksMetadata harvesting = GoogleFormat migration = WordStar
Moving Forward: Language
Broad Finding: Not Enough Time
Universal complaintResent what interferes with researchIdeal IR requires zero learning & zero effort
Moving Forward: Not Enough Time
Self-archiving make sense?Bundle submissions (other repositories; other purposes)Grad students are faculty of the futureDemonstrate immediate benefits
Moving Forward: Not Enough Time
IncentivesResearch Assessment Exercise (UK)Tenure PortfolioAnnual Academic Review
Make IR submission part of the natural work flow
Integrated into the tools they use daily
Faculty needs
X
Put my work in a
safe place
X
Priority needs (authoring, collaborating)
DSpace
X
Reduce clutter
Doc Mgmt/ IR System
Mapping Needs to Systems
Faculty needs
X
Put my work in a safe place
X
Priority needs (authoring, collaborating)
DSpace
X
Reduce clutter
X
Motivating Needs(others cite my work, etc)
DSpace + Researcher Page
Mapping Needs to Systems
Broad Finding: Copyright Worries
Too complexFear of “accidentally” violating copyrightTakes too much time“Green” is not clear cut
Trust librarian copyright expertisePromote awareness, carefully
Less “Create Change”More “Get on the Bus”
Pro-active “self-archiving” projectsRomeo/Sherpa Publisher Copyright Database
Moving Forward: Copyright Worries
Broad Finding: Me, Me, Me
It is all about me!
How is this going to benefit me?Where am I in these collections and communities?
Other StrategiesMake it prestigious- Netherlands’ Cream of Science
Campus stars- monitor the press releases
Low-hanging fruitsCollections on institutional website
Working Papers, Technical Reports, Conference Papers
Paper distributed at departmental levelConference held on campusOn-campus journals/publications
Student undergraduate research On-line journals
Other Strategies
Most attentive to messageInvolved in open access
Search OAIster by affiliation
Retiring facultyGraduating studentsPublications on personal websiteGrant recipients (NIH)Editors of open access journals
Other StrategiesDon’t call it an “institutional repository”Faculty ownership
Hold off on library materialsFaculty advisory boardCustomization
Leverage existing relationshipsLiaisonsSpouses & friends
Don’t Forget Library Staff
Ensure library-wide understanding of:Project’s goals and objectivesBenefits of depositing materialsSupport services
Be ready for serendipity
Recognize That This is NEW!
Other Resources
LITA Regional Institute “Establishing an Institutional Repository”
PowerpointsBibliographyLinks to PoliciesCrib Sheet
http://docushare.lib.rochester.edu/docushare/dsweb/View/Collection-2193
Contact Information
Susan GibbonsAssociate DeanUniversity of Rochester, River Campus [email protected]: susanlgibbons
