Building 3, Torre Diamante, Milan Structural design of a steel tower

German Steel Day, Aachen, 19/10/2012

Ing. Enrico Manganelli

2

The Project: Varesine urban development, Milan

Client: HINES Italia SGR S.p.A. Porta Nuova Varesine

Architect: Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates Pc.

Structural Engineer and technical site support: ARUP

Steel structures: Stahlbau Pichler

Steel producers: (S460M) Arcelor Mittal

Beginning of the design phase: year 2006

End of desing phase: year 2009

Beginning of Construction: year 2009

End of Construction: construction in progress

3

Central station Porta Garibaldi

station

Site location

4

The Buildings

5

• Basements Four storey Basement,

Parking, Concrete

• 1,2 Office, Concrete, Steel Roof

• 3 Office, Steel Composite, Concrete

• 4-9 Low Rise Residential, Concrete

• 10-12 High Rise

Residential,Concrete

• 13 Cultural Centre, Steel,

Composite, Concrete

• GI Commercial, Concrete

1 2

3

12

11 10

4-9 GI

13

Progetto e re alizzazione della Torre Diamante The Buildings

6

100 m

Transverse

Section

General site plan

Lot 1 key sections

7

340 m

Longitudinal

section

Lot 1 key sections

Varesine BIM model

9

Building 1– transfer beams

10

The complex central steel roof structure

retains the landscaped area at ground

level

The General Interest – the central concourse

11

Buildings 1 and 2 roof structures

• 30 storeys of office levels

• 4 storey deep basements

• 140m height above Ground level

• Central concrete core

• Composite floors and H beams with HD steel

columns

• Composite columns at B1

• Foundation 2200mm deep concrete raft

• Cranks at level 9 and 21 and up

Building 3 - Torre Diamante - The structure

13

• The central concrete core is designed to resist the lateral loads.

• The floor beams are mainly simply supported between the core and the

perimeter columns

• The columns are continous elements in elevation

• Foundation 2200mm deep concrete raft

Building 3 The structural scheme

The axes of the profiles converge at the changes of inclination.

Building 3 – The geometry

3D structural CAD model – the envelope generation

Building 3 The geometry

3D structural CAD model – columns and floor beams generation

Building 3 The geometry

17

3D structural fem model – GSA Arup software

Building 3 Stability design

18

The “Fin Walls” have been designed to

stiffen the building’s raft foundation.

These walls are the natural extension of the

core walls at the basements levels.

Building 3 Raft foundation and fin walls

19

Building 3 Raft foundation and fin walls

20

Typical 150mm thick RC slab on dovetail metal decking. This decking

profile allow for more mass than the trapezoidal equivalent therefore it

improves the vibration response of the slab.

A

C

G

I

J

N

O

S

T

Building 3 Typical floor system

HE, IPE steel

beams S355

21

xy z

Element l ist: al l not "soletta"

Scale: 1:248.

xy

z

MRR

Scale: 1:235.

Isometric Scale: 1:288.

Maximum Resonant Response Factor: 12.5 /pic.cm

Output axis: global

9.26

7.94

6.62

5.29

3.97

2.65

1.32

0.0

Case: A16 : Footfal l

Floor vibration analyses have been carried out to

investigate the slab response due to the impact of human

activities

Building 3 Floor vibration analysis

22

the red vertical strips denote the optimal locations of beam

penetrations

No penetrations in the level 9 beams and we will see why

Building 3 Coordination of beam penetration

Building 3 B1 column

.

LEVEL 1

GROUND

FLOOR

B1

steel ground floor column grade

S460M

LEVEL 1

GROUND

FLOOR

B1

Building 3 Ground floor columns

Progetto e realizzazione della Torre Diamante

Building 3 Gnd floor column erection

- HD Profiles, High strengh

steel grade S460M.

- Column to column splice

connections every 2 levels,

typically.

- 4,1m typical storey height.

Splice bearing joint

Building 3 Superstructure columns

Steel Construction Institute P212

“Joints in steel construction, simple

connections”, 2002

Building 3 Bearing column splice connection

28

Building 3 Building 3 Horizontal bracing level 9 (level 22 similar)

29

Inclined columns

generate high

outward horizontal

force components at

location of cranks

Building 3 Horizontal bracing - Level 9

30

A floor bracing system has been design to transfer the

horizontal forces into the core

A

C

G

I

J

N

O

S

T

Building 3 Horizontal bracing - Level 9

Detail of the transfer detail from 3D model

The built detail

Building 3 Horizontal bracing - Level 9

Building 3 Horizontal bracing - Level 9

Building 3 Horizontal bracing - Level 9

Building 3 The completed tower

Building 3 The completed tower

Progetto e realizzazione della Torre Diamante