BSC 182 Human Physiology & Anatomy II

BSC 182Human Physiology & Anatomy IIDr. Betsy A. WargoExam One Material 1/51Exam One, packet 1/5IntroductionDr. Wargobawargo@ilstu.eduOffice hours: MWF, by appointment pleaseBackgroundGraduated from ISU 1994Major: BiologyGraduated from National College of Chiropractic 1997B.S. in Human BiologyDoctorate for ChiropracticIntroductionSyllabusExamsSix semester exams worth 100 pointsLowest exam automatically dropped when calculating gradesNo make up examsGrading90% A; 80% B etc

IntroductionAssignmentsEncourage one type of Active StudyTen high-quality quiz questionsEight multiple choice questions that include at least four options. Indicate the correct response.Two short answer questions. Asked and answered correctlyAssignment should be submitted through BlackboardNo late assignments will be acceptedIntroductionFormatClass will consist of PowerPoint lecture based on the information from your text book. Lectures are intended to help you digest and comprehend the material from your book, not replace it. Templates for the lectures will be available online for you to download and print.A picture is worth a thousand wordsGenerally, if I draw it on the board, make sure it gets into your notes. IntroductionStudyingRead before you come in.Dont leave confused.Study as soon after class as possible.Spread study time out.Ask for help when you dont understand.IntroductionActive versus Passive StudyingPassive: reading or re-reading notes, listening to taped lecturesLow energy requirementsBegin to understand material

IntroductionActive StudyingDeveloping comprehensionRe-writing sections you dont understandStudy efficiently!Note-cardsStudy groupsDiscussing pathways or processesExplaining to those who dont get it yetForcing verbal recall of written materialMaking exam questionsAnswering exam questions correctlyExchanging and reviewing assignments. This then becomes a study guide for class material. Using supplemental study sites for practice quizzesIntroductionExam FormatExams will be created mostly from material presented in lectureYou will be responsible for diagrams (Anatomy)Multiple choice options will have one correct response unless otherwise noted. Indicate all that are correctLabThere will be lab this weekPlease be sure to bring the BSC 182 lab manual with you to labLab manuals can be purchased at the Phi Sigma bookstore (Felmley 101A) this week and nextLab formatThere will be four lab practicals this semesterLab assignments (case studies or article summaries) may be assigned throughout the semester. Ready?Before we begin, take a moment to introduce yourself to your neighbors

make sure you have contact information from a classmate should you need to get a copy of the notesVocab:Auto: Endo: Exo: Para: beside, near Neuro: nerveHormon: to exciteAdeno: gland, gland-shapedHypo: Chapter 16: EndocrineAutocrine & ParacrineAutocrine function- the hormone released _

______________________________ function- hormone is carried a short distance via interstitial fluid.

Autocrines and paracrines are __________________________________ chemical messengers and will not be considered part of the endocrine system

function- hormone is carried to _

function- hormone and is then carried by bloodstream.

Comparing Endocrine & NeurocrineSecretions into _

Leads to _Stomach acidSweat glandsExocrineBased on secretion of hormones that act on target cellsNervous system:

EndocrineSignals sent through blood Endocrine systemBased on chemical signals that bind to receptor moleculesHelp regulate _Control rates of ____________________________________ through membranesRegulate balances ReproductiongrowthEndocrineReleased from _

Diffuse into bloodstream

Carried to all parts of body

Affect _HormonesExam One, packet 1/518Target Cell SpecificityHormones circulate to all tissues but only activate cells referred to as _

Target cells must have __________________________________________ to which the hormone binds

These receptors may be _____________________________________ or located on the _Target Cell SpecificityExamples of hormone activity_________________________ receptors are only found on certain cells of the _

_________________________ receptors are found _Target Cell ActivationTarget cell activation depends on three factors___________________________________of the hormoneRelative ____________________________________________ on the target cellThe ______________________________________ of those receptors for the hormone

target cells form more receptors in response to the hormone target cells lose receptors in response to the hormoneSteroid hormones Synthesized from _

non-steroid hormones: Amines, peptides Synthesized from _Chemistry of Hormones Derived from cholesterol

Differ by the types and numbers of atoms attached to complex rings and the way they are joined_________________________________, estrogen, cortisol, Vitamin DSteroid hormones

Carried bloodstream _______________________________________

Soluble in ________________________________ that make up cell membranes

Can _ Steroid Hormone actionsOnce inside target cells, combine with _

Hormone receptor complex binds with DNA and Synthesize new proteins

Turns off geneSteroid hormone actions

SteroidhormoneSteroidhormoneCytoplasmReceptor-chaperonincomplexMolecularchaperonesReceptor-hormonecomplexHormoneresponseelementsBindingTranscriptionChromatinmRNANucleusNew proteinTranslationRibosomemRNAFigure 16.4AminesNorepinephrine EpinephrineDerived from _Synthesized in the __________________________________________ from the amino acid _Non steroid hormonesProtein hormonesComposed of _From parathyroid gland, Some secreted by _Glycoproteins

Anterior pituitary hormoneNon steroid hormonesPeptide hormones

Associated with posterior pituitary gland Non steroid hormonesNot able to diffuse through plasma membraneCombines with _Non steroid hormones________________________________________: the initial hormone that causes the reaction

_______________________________________: the biochemicals produced as a result of the action of the first hormoneNon steroid hormonesSecond messenger: cyclic adenosine monophosphate: _____________Hormone/receptor activates G protein activates adenylate cyclase removes two phosphates from ATP forms cAMPNon steroid hormonescAMP activates more enzymescAMP activates _Protein kinases _______________________________________________ from ATP to moleculesAdding Phosphates to other molecules changes their shapes from _

Non steroid hormonesInactivation of cAMP

Phosphodiesterase:

Non steroid hormones Inositol triphosphate _____________________________: cyclic Guanosine MonophosphateDerived from nucleotideSecond Messengers

ReceptorHormone AReceptorGTPGTPGTPGTPGTPGTPATPcAMPInactive protein kinase AActive protein kinase ACatecholaminesACTHFSHLHGlucagonPTHTSHCalcitoninTriggers responses of targetcell (activates enzymes,stimulates cellularsecretion, opens ionchannels, etc.)Adenylate cyclaseHormone BGDPGDPExtracellular fluidCytoplasmGsGi12343215Figure 16.2Amino Acid-Based Hormone Action: cAMP Second Messenger