Transition Packs - Year 11 into 6th Form Applied Science BTEC

Please email completed work to Mr Sharples and Mr Fitzpatrick.

The BTEC Applied Science

In year 12 you will be completing two units

Unit 1- Principles and Applications of ScienceThe topic areas covered in this unit include: animal and plant cells; tissues; atomic structure and bonding; chemical and physical properties of substances related to their uses; waves and their application in communications.Assessment will be a 1.5 hour written exam that is set and marked by Pearson in January of year 12. You will draw on essential information to create written answers to practical questions in test conditions. You will be asked to respond to a range of different question types, including multiple-choice, calculations, short answer, and extended open-response questions demonstrating your knowledge and understanding of key areas of science.

Unit 2 Practical Scientific Procedures and TechniquesThis unit introduces you to standard laboratory equipment and techniques, including titration, colorimetry, calorimetry, chromatography, calibration procedures and laboratory safety. Assessment will consist of completing an assignment brief where you will carry out tasks, creating evidence to support a work related scenario. This will be marked by your teacher. And marks can be submitted for the certificate at the end of year 12 (or 13 if they are not cashed) or at the end of year 13 for the extended certificate.

Unit 1 Tasks - To prepare you for the unit 1 biology section which consists of; Cell Structure, Cell specialisation and Tissue Structure and Function please complete the following tasks; Here is a list of online resources here to help. https://www.cellsalive.com/

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zpqpqhv/revision/1

Biology Task 1 – CELL STRUCTURE - For GCSE you learn the main organelles of cells, at 6th form we need to know more detail about them and more of them. Look up these organelles and describe them.

Organelle name DescriptionNucleus

Nucleolus

Lysosome

Golgi Apparatus

Task 2 - Magnification

Part 1 Complete the PowerPoint on magnification. The complete these conversion exercises.

Part 2 Convert these measurements into those specified in the second column. Pay attention to the original units (this link will help https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z8bk2nb/revision/7 your GCSE notes and other online resources will also help you). To complete the final column think about the unit which would make the most sense to write the measurement down in if tour were trying to clearly communicate that size.

Size to convert to

Size in converted units µm Most suitable unit to use?

1 cm100 cm0.23 m0.0004 km

Size in converted units mm500 µm0.005 µm0.6 cm

Size in converted units km55,000 m6,700,800,000 mm5 cm

Task 3 – Specialised cells. Recap these specialised cells – Write a sentence for each type and the features they have.

Cell type Key parts DescriptionPalisade mesophyll

Sperm cell

Egg cells

Root hair cells in plantsWhite blood cells

Red blood cells.

Task 4 - Tissue

For the year 12 exam you need to know about tissue in more detail research each of these areas and write a brief description of each type of tissue and draw a labelled image (don’t copy and paste but draw scientifically https://www.myprivatetutor.ae/blog/drawing-biological-diagrams-a-few-rules-to-follow)

Type of Description Diagram

tissue

Muscle tissue specifically a sarcomere

Epithelial tissue

Squamous tissue

Columular Tissue

Motor neurone

Sensory neurone

Exam style questions Unit 1 Biology– Complete all of theseQ1. The diagram shows two cells, a bacterial cell and a plant cell.

 

(a)      (i)      Both the bacterial cell and the plant cell contain ribosomes. What is the function of a ribosome?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ (1)

(ii)     The plant cell contains mitochondria but the bacterial cell does not contain mitochondria. Give one other way in which the plant cell is different from the bacterial cell.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ (1)

(b)      (i)      Both cells are drawn the same length, but the magnification of each cell is different. The real length of the bacterial cell is 2 micrometres. Calculate the real length, X, of the plant cell. Give your answer in micrometres. Show clearly how you work out your answer.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

X = ____________________ micrometres (2)

(ii)     Most mitochondria are about 3 micrometres in length. The plant cell contains mitochondria but the bacterial cell does not contain mitochondria. Use your answer to part (b)(i) and the information in the diagram to suggest why.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ (1)(Total 5 marks)

Q2.The diagram shows an animal cell.

(a)     (i)      Name structures A and B by choosing the correct words from the box.

cell membrane       cell wall        cytoplasm       nucleus       vacuole

Structure A ________________________Structure B ______________ (2)

(ii)     Which structure named in the box controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell?

______________________________________________________________ (1)

b)     Distance P to Q on the diagram is the diameter of the cell. This distance was measured on three cells using a microscope. The results were as follows:

                        cell 1: 63 micrometres cell 2: 78 micrometres cell 3: 69 micrometres

Calculate the average diameter of these cells. Show clearly how you work out your final answer.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

Average diameter = ___________________ micrometres (2) (Total 5 marks)

Q3.Eating food containing Salmonella bacteria can cause illness.

(a)  Two symptoms of infection by Salmonella are vomiting and diarrhoea.

What causes these symptoms?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________(1)

(b)  Give two ways a person with a mild infection of Salmonella can help prevent the spread of the bacteria to other people.

1. _________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________(2)

(c)  In very serious infections of Salmonella, a doctor can prescribe drugs to kill the bacteria. What type of drug can the doctor prescribe to kill the bacteria?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________(1)

(d)  A person with AIDS may take longer than a healthy person to recover from a Salmonella infection. Explain why.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________(2)

(e)  Salmonella bacteria can be transmitted from chickens to humans. Chickens can be vaccinated to prevent the transmission of Salmonella bacteria to humans. Suggest one other way farmers could prevent the transmission of Salmonella from chickens to humans.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________(1)

A restaurant owner employed a scientist to test the effectiveness of two kitchen cleaning liquids. The scientist took samples from two work surfaces:

•   before the surfaces had been cleaned with the cleaning liquids•   after the surfaces had been cleaned with the cleaning liquids.

The samples were then analysed for the number of bacteria they contained. The results are shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1

 

(f)   Which cleaning liquid is the more effective?

Give a reason for your answer.

Cleaning liquid ______________

Reason ____________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________(1)

The scientist investigated the effect of cleaning liquid A and cleaning liquid B on Salmonella bacteria grown in a laboratory.

Figure 2 shows the way the investigation was set up.

Figure 2

 

The Petri dish was placed in an incubator at 25 °C for 48 hours.

After 48 hours, the scientist calculated the area around each paper disc where no bacteria were growing.

The results are shown in the table below. 

Filter paper discArea around disc with no bacteria growing

in cm2

Water 0Cleaning liquid A 11Cleaning liquid B 13

(g)  What measurement would the scientist need to take to calculate the area where no bacteria were growing?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________(1)

(h)  Give one change to the investigation that would allow the scientist to check if the results are repeatable.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________(1)

(i)   The scientist showed the results to the restaurant owner.

Both cleaning liquids cost the same per dm3.

Suggest one other factor the restaurant owner should consider when choosing which cleaning liquid to use.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________(1)

(Total 11 marks)

Unit 1 tasks PhysicsYou will be dealing with some very large and small numbers in this section so must be confident and competent using standard form to display these more easily. Follow the example to write out the numbers in standard form. Don’t forget standard form should be numbers between 1 and 10 multiplies by a factor of 10 to show hundreds, thousands etc (or negative for micro, nano etc). They should also always show an appropriate amount of significant figures. More information can be found here (https://gcseguide.co.uk/maths/numbers/standard-form/)

Task - Convert these numbers into standard form. The first two have been done as an example.

Original number Number in standard form60,050,000 6.005 x 107

0.00000123 1.23 x 10-6

57899,174,000,000,000

23,005,000,000450,000

3,9000.003

0.02670.0004562

0.0000000900008

Past paper questions

Q1.The diagram below shows the position of three types of wave in the electromagnetic spectrum.

 

Radio waves A B C Ultraviolet X-rays D

(a)  Which position shows where visible light is in the spectrum?

Tick one box. 

A B C D

(1)

(b)  Which one of the statements about electromagnetic waves is correct?

Tick one box. 

Radio waves have a higher frequency than X-rays.

Radio waves have a longer wavelength than ultraviolet.

X-rays have a longer wavelength than radio waves.

X-rays travel faster through the air than ultraviolet.

(1)

(c)  Give one possible danger of exposing your skin to ultraviolet radiation.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________(1)

(d)  Having an X-ray taken exposes a person to ionising radiation.

The table below gives the average radiation dose for an X-ray of the chest and an X-ray of the upper digestive system.

 Part of the body Radiation dose in

millisieverts (mSv)Upper digestive system 5.0Chest 0.1

The risk of an X-ray causing cancer is about 1 in 20 000 for each mSv of radiation received.

Compare the risk of developing cancer from having an X-ray of the upper digestive system with the risk from having an X-ray of the chest. Use the data in the table.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________ (2) (Total 5 marks)

Q2.(a)     Which one of the following is not an electromagnetic wave?

Tick one box. 

Gamma rays

Sound

Ultraviolet

X-rays

(1)

(b)     What type of electromagnetic wave do our eyes detect?

________________________________________________________________(1)

(c)     What is a practical use for infrared waves?

Tick one box. 

Cooking food

Energy efficient lamps

Medical imaging

Satellite communications

(1)

Scientists have detected radio waves emitted from a distant galaxy.

Some of the radio waves from the distant galaxy have a frequency of 1 200 000 000 hertz.

(d)     Which is the same as 1 200 000 000 hertz?

Tick one box. 

1.2 gigahertz

1.2 kilohertz

1.2 megahertz

1.2 millihertz

(1)

(e)     Radio waves travel through space at 300 000 kilometres per second (km/s).

How is 300 000 km/s converted to metres per second (m/s)?

Tick one box. 

300 000 ÷ 1000 = 300 m/s

300 000 × 1000 = 300 000 000 m/s

300 000 + 1000 = 301 000 m/s

300 000 – 1000 = 299 000 m/s

(1)

(f)      Write the equation which links frequency, wavelength and wave speed.

___________________________________________________________________(1)

(g)     Calculate the wavelength of the radio waves emitted from the distant galaxy.

Give your answer in metres.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

wavelength = ____________________ m (3) (Total 9 marks)

Q3.Diagram 1 shows four of the seven types of wave in the electromagnetic spectrum.

Diagram 1

J K L Visiblelight Infrared Microwaves Radio

waves

(a)     The four types of electromagnetic wave named in Diagram 1 above are used for communication.

 

(i)      Which type of electromagnetic wave is used when a traffic signal communicates with a car driver?

____________________________________________________________(1)

(ii)     Which type of electromagnetic wave is used to communicate with a satellite in space?

____________________________________________________________(1)

(b)     Gamma rays are part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Which letter, J, K or L, shows the position of gamma rays in the electromagnetic spectrum?

Draw a ring around the correct answer. 

J K L

(1)

(c)     Diagram 2 shows an infrared wave.

Diagram 2

 

(i)      Which one of the arrows, labelled A, B or C, shows the wavelength of the wave?

 

Write the correct answer, A, B or C, in the box.

(1)

(ii)     Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence. 

shorter than

The wavelength of infrared waves is the same as the wavelength

longer than

of radio waves.(1)

(d)     Mobile phone networks send signals using microwaves. Some people think the energy a person’s head absorbs when using a mobile phone may be harmful to health.

(i)      Scientists have compared the health of people who use mobile phones with the health of people who do not use mobile phones.

Which one of the following statements gives a reason why scientists have done this?

Tick ( ) one box. 

To find out if using a mobile phone is harmful to health.

To find out if mobile phones give out radiation.

To find out why some people are healthy.

(1)

(ii)     The table gives the specific absorption rate (SAR) value for two different mobile phones.

The SAR value is a measure of the maximum energy a person’s head absorbs when a mobile phone is used.

 

Mobile Phone SAR value in W/kg

X 0.28

Y 1.35

A parent buys mobile phone X for her daughter.

Using the information in the table, suggest why buying mobile phone X was the best choice.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________(2)

(Total 8 marks)

Q4.(a)     Radio waves, microwaves and visible light are all electromagnetic waves that are

used for communication.

(i)      Name another electromagnetic wave that is used for communication.

______________________________________________________________(1)

(ii)     Name an electromagnetic wave which is not used for communication.

State a use for this electromagnetic wave.

Electromagnetic wave ___________________________________________

Use __________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________(2)

(b)     The table below shows the wavelengths for some electromagnetic waves, A, B, C and D.

 

Wave Wavelength

A 1000 m

B  100 m

C   10 m

D   3 cm

A teacher is going to demonstrate diffraction of waves through a gap. She will carry out the demonstration in a classroom.

The teacher is able to generate waves A, B, C and D.

Which wave, A, B, C or D, would she use?   

Explain your answer.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________(3)

(c)     In another demonstration, a teacher used a loud ticking clock as a source of sound, two hollow tubes and two smooth surfaces, EF and GH.

The figure below shows one of the hollow tubes fixed in position with a ticking clock at one end.

 

A student placed his ear at one end of the other hollow tube in position P. He moved this hollow tube, in turn, to positions Q and R.

(i)      At which position, P, Q or R, did he hear the loudest sound?   (1)

(ii)     Explain your answer to part (i).

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________(3)

(iii)    Suggest why smooth surface GH in the figure above was needed.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________(1)

(iv)    The frequency of a sound wave is 15 Hz.

The speed of sound is 330 m / s.

Calculate the wavelength of the sound wave.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Wavelength = ______________________ m(2)

(v)    Give a reason why it would not be possible to do the demonstration in the figure above using sound waves with a frequency of 15 Hz.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________(1)

(Total 14 marks)

Unit 2 tasks

Write out a detailed description of each of these analytical techniques making sure you have thoroughly researched them – Make sure you use reputable sources of information such as BBC Bitesize. This research, if done well, can become a part of your coursework at a later date so do a good job!

1. TitrationTypes of procedure..............................................................................................................................................................................Equipment used ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Method.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................What the results tell us ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

2. Colorimetry

Types of procedure..............................................................................................................................................................................Equipment used ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Method.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................What the results tell us ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3. CalorimetryTypes of procedure..............................................................................................................................................................................Equipment used ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Method.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................What the results tell us ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

4. ChromatographyTypes of procedure..............................................................................................................................................................................Equipment used ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Method...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................

...................................................................................................

........................................................What the results tell us ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................