Breast cme latest

Early detection and early treatment cures breast cancerBreast cancer awareness month 2010 – Breast Unit .RCC

BREAST CANCER:FACTS


• Commonest cancer affecting women• 1.5 million new cases diagnosed every year• 30 % of cancers in women attending RCC• 1200 new patients/year• 14% of all cancer deaths annually


But there is hope…… ……breast cancer is curable

when detected in EARLY stages!



How can you detect breast cancer in an early stage..?

AwarenessScreening for detection in early stagesPrompt diagnosis


Breast Cancer : Risk Factors• Sex • Age • Personal History• Family History• The Breast Cancer Genes • Early menarche (first period or menstrual bleeding). • Having no children • Having a first full term pregnancy after age 25 • Lack of breast feeding• Use of Hormone Replacement Therapy • Increased daily fat intake - especially saturated or hydrogenated fats.


Can breast cancer be prevented…?

No breast cancer cannot be prevented, but the risk of developing breast cancer can be reduced by…..

• Having first child before 25 yrs and breast feeding the child for more than 2 yrs

• Increasing fiber in your diet• Eating fresh fruits and vegetables• Avoiding alcohol• Staying active• Not smoking


Screening for breast cancer

Why is it required?• Method to detect breast cancer in early stages• Success of treatment directly depends on the stage at

which a woman reports for treatment• Helps conserve the breast if detected in early stage


Breast Cancer Screening

• Breast Self Examination (BSE)• Clinical Breast Examination (CBE)• Mammography and Ultrasound scan of breasts


Breast Self Examination

Systematic examination of one’s breasts Once a month on a particular day of the menstrual cycle Should be started at the age of 20yrs Seek medical advice for suspicious symptoms




Clinical Breast Examination

• Performed by a trained breast doctor once a year• Starting at the age of 35 years• OP procedure • Takes 10-15 minutes

Doctor may or may not ask for scans after the clinical examination


Mammogram

• A type of x ray of the breast• OP procedure• Takes 10-15 mts• Helps detect cancers that are not

palpable• Should start at the age of 40 years• Done every year


Breast Cancer : Symptoms

• Painless lump or swelling• Ill-defined thickening• Thickening of skin• Nipple retraction (pulled inward)• Nipple discharge• Swelling in the armpit


Breast Cancer Screening

All women >20 years

Breast Self Examination every month Clinical Breast Examination every 2 to 3 years

All women > 40 years Clinical Breast Examination yearlyMammography yearly


Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Fine needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC): A needle and syringe is used to remove a few cells from the suspected area and they are examined under the microscope

Biopsy: A small bit of tissue is removed and examined to detect presence of cancer


Treatment of breast cancer

SurgeryRadiation therapyChemotherapyHormonal therapyBiological therapy (Targeted therapy)


Surgery: Mastectomy

The entire breast is removed


Surgery: Conservation

Only the tumour bearing area and axillary nodes are removed


Radiation

x-rays used to destroy cancer cells


• Chemotherapy – Chemicals / drugs used to kill cancer cells

• Hormonal therapy– Drugs that change the hormonal environment and thus inhibit

tumor growth• Biological therapy

– Targets a protein expressed in the tumor cells.


Treatment Outcome

Survival of women with breast cancer according to stage (at 10 years)

stage I 90%stage II 70%stage III 30%stage IV <10%


Breast cancer is a potentially curable cancer when detected in early stages.

Regular BSE, CBE and mammographic screening help in early detection.

In addition to outcome benefit, early stage disease require only less complicated and cheaper forms of therapy and most important -- helps in preserving the breast



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