Brd Rev-quest (Patho)

8/9/2019 Brd Rev-quest (Patho)

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BOARD REVIEW

CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER.

1. Viruses induce cell injury through:A. direct cytopathic effect C. both A & B are correct

B. immune – mediated reactions D. neither A nor B is correct

2. Process (es in!ol!ed in cell necrosis is (are:

A. denaturation of proteins C. both A & B are correctB. en"ymic digestion of cells D. neither A nor B is correct

#. $he follo%ing statements are $&' of caseous necrosis:

A. it is a com)ination of coagulation and li*uefaction necrosis

B. it is a characteristic feature of tu)erculosis

C. both A & B are correctD. neither A nor B is correct

+. ,aundice is due to the accumulation of this pigment:

A. bilirubin -. lipofuscin

B. hemosiderin D. melanin

. $he se*uence of cellular e!ents in inflammation is:

A. margination ia!ee"i" chemota#i" !hagoc$to"i"

B. diapedesis margination chemota/is phagocytosis

C. chemota/is margination diapedesis phagocytosis

D. chemota/is diapedesis margination phagocytosis

0. $he most effecti!e means of micro)ial illing is !ia the:

A. o/ygen – independent mechanism

B. myelopero"idase independed mechanism

C. h$rogen !ero#ie% m$elo!ero#ia"e an halie "$"tem

D. only A - are correct

3. $he most important cause of delay in %ound healing is:

A. inection -. inade*uate )lood supply

B. presence of foreign )odies D. mechanical factors

4. 5eloid is due to e/cessi!e:

A. granulation tissue -. amyloid deposition

B. granuloma formation D. collagen accumulation

6. dema can result from any of the follo%ing mechanisms:

A. increased hydrostatic pressure of the )lood

B. increased osmotic pressure of interstitial fluid (sodium retention

C. decreased oncotic pressure of plasma protein

D. all o the abo'e are correct

17. A patient %ith -89 has generali"ed edema. $he operati!e mechanismin!ol!ed in edema are the follo%ing E(CE)T*

A. increased aldosterone secretion

B. increased central !enous pressure

C. diminished -

D. imini"he ADH "ecretion

11. Perior)ital edema is usually encountered in:

A. filariasis -. li!er cirrhosis

B. ne!hritic "$nrome D. inflammatory states


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12. 9luid that collects during acute inflammation and that has a protein content in

e/cess of #.7 g;< and => o!er 1.71 is termed:

A. e#uate -. hydropericardium

B. transudate D. %heal

1#. A segment of one chromosome transferred to another segment is no%n as:

A. mutation -. in!ersion

B. tran"location D. deletion

1+. $he most common cause of the occurrence of 5linefelter?s syndrome:

A. non+i",unction in meiotic i'i"ion in oogene"i"

B. non@disjunction in meiotic di!ision in spermatogenesis

C. non@disjunction in meiotic di!ision in em)ryogenesis

D. translocation

1. $he num)er of Barr )odies in a patient %ith +4 aryotype:A. none C. t-oB. one D. three

10. $he follo%ing clinical manifestations are seen in a patient %ith Do%n?s

syndrome E(CE)T*

A. dysplastic pel!is and middle phalan/ of hand

B. mental retardation

C. microce!hal$

D. hori"ontal palmar crease

13. Pathologic changes that ha!e )een descri)ed in ACD= include cell of the

follo%ing E(CE)T*

A. hypogammaglo)ulinemia

B. 'iral inclu"ion" in hi"tioc$te" o l$m!h noe"

C. $+;$4 ratio is !ery lo%

D.


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2+. $he follo%ing are suppressor genes E(CE)T*

A. p# -. AP-

B. bcl+/ D. 9 – C

2. A 0@year@old )oy de!elops a)dominal pain and !omiting preceded )y a #@day period %ithout )o%el mo!ements. A diagnosis of intestinal o)struction is

made. f the follo%ingE the most liely reason for the o)struction is a )olus

of:

A. $aenia saginata -. =trongyloides tercoralis

B. A"cari" lumbricoie" D. nchocerca !ol!ulus

20. $he follo%ing is;are attri)uted directly or indirectly to schistosomiasis

E(CE)T*

A. "olitar$ li'er ab"ce""

B. granulomatous around shcistosoma o!a

C. dar (gray color of the li!er and spleen )ecause of a hemoglo)in@deri!ed pigment that accumulate in reticulo@endothelial cells

D. urinary )ladder malignancyE predominantly of the s*uamous cell type

23. $he morphologic changes in typhoid fe!er include the follo%ing E(CE)T*A. accumulation of mononuclear phagocytes throughout the lymphreticular

systemE %ith some lymphocytes and plasma cells

B. enlargement of the li!er %ith areas of focal necrosis surrounded )y

mononuclear cell proliferation (typhoid nodules

C. o'al ulcer" in the ileum -ith their long a#i" along the long a#i" o the

bo-el

24. A chronic carrier state of typhoid fe!er is most liely due to the persistence ofthe organism in:

A. the appendi/ C. the gall blaerB. the corte/ of the idney D. the ileum

26. 9unction of thiamine:

A. co+en0$me in o#iati'e ecarbo#$lation o al!ha+1etoaci"

B. synthesis of DA and &A

C. respiratory en"yme in the cytochrome en"yme

D. all of the a)o!e are correct

#7. $he meta)olism of calcium is closely regulated )y:

A. !itamin D -. thyroid gland

B. parathyroid gland D. all o the abo'e are correct

#1. $he mechanism of clotting is affected )y:

A. Vitamin A -. $hiamine

B. Vitamin 2 D. Vitamin

#2. $his;these pollutants is;are dangerous )ecause once released into the

en!ironment they are Ffore!erG i.e. resistant to natural process of decay.

A. !ol$chlorinate bi!hen$l" -. car)on mono/ide

B. chloroform D. all of the a)o!e are correct

##. thyl alcohol to/icity %ill cause:

A. !enous throm)osis C. att$ li'erB. cheery@red discoloration of sin D. gingi!itis

#+. Hhich of the follo%ing is the most common ad!erse effect of smoingI

A. m$ocarial inarction -. cancer of the pancreas

B. cancer of the )ladder D. peptic ulcer disease


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#. /posure to car)on particle in the am)ient air %ill result to:

A. Anthracosis -. progressi!e massi!e fi)rosis

B. coal %orer?s pneumoconiosis D. an$ o the abo'e

#0. $he leading cause of death in children )et%een @1+ years of age is:

A. malignant neoplasm C. in,urie" re"ulting rom accient"B. congenital anomalies D. cardiac diseases

#3. $he highest at ris period for intrauterine cytomegalo!irus infection:

A. 1st trimester of pregnancy -. #rd trimester of pregnancy

B. /n trime"ter o !regnanc$ D. all of the a)o!e

#4. rganogenesis is completed )y:

A. 2nd trimester of pregnancy C. the en o 3"t trime"terB. the end of 2nd trimester D. the middle of 1st trimester

#6. Polyarteritis nodosa fre*uently affected organs include all of the follo%ingE(CE)T*A. 5idney C. 4ung"

B. 8eart D. >C$

+7. All of the follo%ing are characteristic features of throm)oangitis o)literans(Buerger?s disease E(CE)T*

A. lesions are sharply segmental

B. onl$ the lo-er e#tremitie" are aecte

C. arteries of small and medium si"e are affected

D. )oth upper and lo%er e/tremities are affected

+1. All of the listed anatomic changes are considered as important features insyphilitic aortitis E(CE)T*

A. longitudinal %rinling (tree )aring

B. dilatation of aortic !al!e ring

C. o)literati!e endarteritis of !asa !asorum

D. -iening o coronar$ o"tia

+2. $he histological hallmars of temporal or giant cell arteritis are the follo%ing

E(CE)T*

A. lymphocytic infiltrate in the intima and inner media

B. disruption of incarnal elastic lamira associated %ith giant cells

C. patchy necrosis of the media

D. eo"ino!hilic iniltration o all mu"cular coat"

+#. -omplicated or ad!anced atherosclerosis %ould most liely affect this portion

of the )lood !essel:

A. intima only -. intima and ad!entitia

B. intima an meia D. ad!entitia

++. A )iopsy of the femoral artery re!ealed calcification in the media %ould )e

compati)le %ith:

A. accelerated hypertension

B. young indi!idualsE usually male

C. usual complication of ischemia and gangrene

D. none o the abo'e

+. A !ascular tumor associated %ith ACD= is:

A.


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+0. $he follo%ing are associated %ith cor pulmonale E(CE)T*A. concentric let 'entricular h$!ertro!h$

B. congesti!e heart failure

C. pulmonary !al!e dilatation

D. pulmonary hypertension

+3. $he follo%ing are possi)le morphologic changes in sicle cell disease

E(CE)T*

A. >amma >andy )odies in the spleen

B. Papillary necrosis in the idney due to capillary stasis

C. Jicro infarction in the )rain

D. E'ience" o chronic glumerulone!hriti"

+4. A decrease in the num)er of platelets is seen in %hich condition E(CE)T*A. !ol$c$themia 'era -. idiopathic throm)ocytopenic purpura

B. aplastic anemia D. acute leuemia

+6. B@thalassemia major sho%s all of the follo%ing features E(CE)T*A. hypochromic microcytic anemia

B. target cells and anisocytosis in peripheral )lood smear

C. imini"he "$nthe"i" o the al!ha chain hemoglobin

D. clinical necessity for multiple )lood transfusions

7. $he patterns of chronic lymphadenitis include the follo%ing E(CE)T*A. sinus histiocytosis -. follicular hyperplasia

B. paracortical hyperplasia D. "u!!urati'e l$m!haeniti"

1. F=tarry syG pattern of lymph node is characteristic of:

A. Bur1itt" l$m!homa -. 8istiocytic lymphoma

B. 8odgins lymphoma D. =e"ary?s syndrome

2.


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4. A chest /@ray that sho%s a shaggy ca!ity %ith a thic irregular )order and

satellite densities in the right lo%er lo)e is most compati)le %ith:

A. )ronchogenic carcinoma C. ab"ce""

B. tu)erculosis D. histoplasmosis

6. Hhich statement a)out esophageal cancer is falseIA. it is usually of s*uamous cell type

B. mo"t common in the i"tal !ortion

C. primarily a disease of elderly males

D. characteri"ed )y dysphagia and painless %eight loss

07. Jacrophages %ith positi!e periodic acid@schiff@staining material in intestinal

lamina propia and lymph nodes are characteristically found in:

A. Hilson?s disease C. Whi!!le" i"ea"eB. le!ated serum gastrin le!els D. >ardener?s syndrome

01. $he Jallory@Heiss syndrome is due to laceration in the mucosa of the:A. E"o!hagu" -. Pylorus

B. =tomach D. =mall intestine

02. -arcinoma of the >C$ %ould )e e/pected to occur %ith greatest fre*uency in

patients %ith:

A. amilial !ol$!o"i" o the colon -. -rohn?s disease

B. !illous adenoma of the colon D. gastric ulcer

0#. -hronic o)struction of the cystic duct results to de!elopment of:

A. -holedochal cyst C. H$ro!" o the gall blaerB. Porcelain gall )ladder D. -arcinoma of the gall )ladder

0+. Hhich of the follo%ing condition(s increase(s the ris of )ile duct

carcinomaI

A. -holedochal cyst -. 8ydrops of the gall )ladder

B. Porcelain gall )ladder D. Choleocholithia"i"

0. -arcinoma of the pancreas:

A. occurs most often in the )ody of the pancreas

B. is associated %ith hypocalcemia

C. ari"e" rom the !ancreatic uctal cell"

D. is usually cured )y total pancreatectomy00. All of the follo%ing pediatric conditions are characteri"ed )y unconjugated

hyper)iliru)inemia E(CE)T*A. 8emolytic disease of the ne%)orn

B. Physiologic jaundice of the ne%)orn

C. Intrahe!atic biliar$ atre"ia

D. >il)ert?s syndrome

03. $he least common type of gall )ladder calculi are:

A. pure calcium )iliru)inate -. pure cholesterol

B. !ure calcium carbonate D. mi/ed stone

04. -holelithiasis is mainly due to:

A. Cnfection -. )ile stasis

B. "u!er"aturation o bile -ith chole"terol D. inflammation

06. Cn addition to nephritic injuryE the other main cause of acute tu)ular necrosis is:

A. =epsis -. se!ere hypocomplementemia

B. I"chemia D. immune comple/ deposition


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37. f the complications of acute pyelonephritis enumerated )elo%E one does not

)elong:

A. retroperitoneal a)scess formation C. acute e!i"oe" o !aro#$"mal H)N

B. renal papillary necrosis D. pyonephrosis

31. f the ris factors for pyelonephritis enumerated )elo%E one does not )elong:A. iabete" mellitu"

B. male se/

C. congenital a)normalities of the urinary tract

D. pregnancy

32. -hronic renal diseaseE pheochromocytomaE -onn?s syndromeE coarctation of

the aorta and acromegaly are all conditions that may lead to:

A. !enous throm)osis -. Hegener?s granulomatosis

B. hypersensiti!ity !asculitis D. h$!erten"ion

3#. ests of urothelium may )e found in the lamina propia of the urinary )ladderrepresenting normal !ariation in the morphology of the )ladder. $hese nests

of urothelium are called:

A. Brunner?s nests C. Brunn" ne"t"

B. Burney?s nests D. Burner?s nests

3+. $he follo%ing are implicated in the causation of )ladder carcinomaE

E(CE)T*

A. Beta naphthylamine -. -yclophosphamide

B. =. 8aemoto)ium D. There i" no e#ce!tion

3. A ne%)orn )a)y %as noted to pass out urine through a small opening in the

area of the um)ilicus. $his is most pro)a)ly due to:

A. 'rachal cyst -. /strophy of the )ladder

B. )atent urachu" D. Any of the a)o!e

30. $ransitional cell tumors that are more liely to )eha!e as malignant are

characteri"ed )y the follo%ing E(CE)T*A. Cnduce angiogenesis

B. Janifest highly a)normal aryotypes

C.


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41. -horiocarcinoma is most often preceded )y:

A. a)ortion -. normal pregnancy

B. ectopic pregnancy D. H. mole

42. $he most common primary malignant tumor of the o!ary:

A. endometrioid carcinoma C. "erou" c$"taenocarcinomaB. mucinous cystadenocarcinoma D. yol sac tumor

4#. -ord lie ducts filled %ith necrotic and cheesy tumorous tissue that can )ereadily e/truded upon pressure is seen in:

A. mucinous carcinoma -. medullary carcinoma

B. comeocarcinoma D. paget?s disease of the )reast

4+.


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6+. ne of the etiologic factors in acne is the:

A. Pityrosporum C. )ro!ionibacterium

B. =taphylococcus D. nterococci

6. $he pauci)acillary therapy for 8ansen?s disease is:

A. &ifampicin 077 mgK flo/acin +77 mgK Jinocycline 177mg daily for 0months

B. Riam!icin ;anglioneuroma

B. glio)lastoma multiforme D. ependymoma

64. 8istologic criteria for glio)lastoma multiforme:

A. !ascular endothelial proliferation

B. anaplasia

C. both A & B are correct

D. neither A nor B is correct

66. Jedullo)lastoma most fre*uently occurs in:

A. age 07 and a)o!e C. chilren & $oung ault"

B. middle adulthood D. no age predilection is o)ser!ed

177. $u)erculoma in children fre*uently occurs in:

A. =upratentorial C. )o"terior o""aB. Cnfratentorial D. $ranstentorial

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Brd Rev-quest (Patho)