Bovine tuberculosis in the Czech Republic Veterinary Research
Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Ivo Pavlik Slide 2 Czech Republic
Prague Brno 400 th. cows 80 th. sheep 20 th. goats 18 th. horses 10
mil. inhabitants, 78 th. km 2 Slide 3 Tuberculins used in the Czech
Republic since 1.1.2002 BOVITUBAL: M. bovis AN5 28 000 TU/ml (0.1
ml) AVITUBAL: M. a. avium D4, ER (IS901) comparative test 28 000
TU/ml (0.1 ml) single test in birds 28 000 TU/ml (0.1 ml) Since
1.1.2005 skin test is used only by before the transportation of
animals Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 241-250.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf Slide 4 2.24 mil 1.87
1.63 1.54 1.39 9.35 4.69 7.12 0 500 000 1 000 000 1 500 000 2 000
000 2 500 000 199219931994199519961997 1999 Skin testing of cattle
with bovine tuberculin in the Czech Republic (19921999) No. of
tested animals Year Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 241-250.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf Slide 5 0 50 100 150 200
250 300 350 19921993199419951996199719981999 No. of positive
animals Year Positive reactors with bovine tuberculin in the Czech
Republic (19921999) Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 241-250.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf Slide 6 0 20 000 40 000
60 000 80 000 100 000 120 000 140 000 160 000
199119921993199419951996199719981999 No. of tested animals Year
Skin testing of cattle with avian tuberculin in the Czech Republic
(19911999) Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 241-250.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf Slide 7 0 50 100 150 200
250 300 350 400 450 500 199119921993199419951996199719981999 No. of
positive animals Year Positive reactors with avian tuberculin in
the Czech Republic (19911999) Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002,
241-250. http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf Slide 8 Occurrence of
bovine tuberculosis in other animals than cattle in the Czech
Republic (1970-1999) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Other animals than
cattle ZOO animals 1970 1972
1974197619781980198219841986198819901992199419961998 No. of animals
Years Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 122-131. Pavlik et al.,
Vet. Med. Czech, 1998, 221-231. Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech,
2003, 113-125. Slide 9 1 2.4% 12 29.3% 3 7.3% 2525 61.0% Origin of
other animals than cattle infected by bovine tuberculosis in the
Czech Republic (1975-2003) ZOO animals Wild animals Animals in
small herds Animal in circus Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002,
122-131. Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 1998, 221-231. - Wild
nature - Game park - Deer farm Slide 10 Species No. ZOOYear of
animals Jeopard3A1975, 1980 Orang-utan1B1975 Antelope2C1975 1A1983
Abyssinian Guareza1B1977 Tyger1A1978 Chimpanzee1C1979 European
deer2B1979 Wolf2A1980, 1981 Capybara1D1989 Tapir2D1987 3E1994, 1995
Cassowary1F1994 Bison1B1993 Total2525 7 Red deer1G1999 Bactrian
camel2B2002 M. bovis in zoo animals in the Czech R. (1975-2003)
Slide 11 Occurrence of bovine tuberculosis in other animals than
cattle in the Czech Republic (1970-1999)
1975197719791981198319851987198919911993199519971999 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 Other animals ZOO animals No. of animals Pavlik et al.,
Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 122-131. Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech,
1998, 221-231. Slide 12 Isolation of M. bovis from other animals
besides cattle and zoo animals in the Czech R. (1975-1999)
SpeciesNo. ofYear animalsfarmers Domestic horse111976 Domestic
pig951977, 1978, 1979, 1995 European deer 1 1991 1999 Mink21 (wild
nature)1979 Wild goat1- (wild nature)1991 Camel11 (circus)1993
Total1616 Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 1998, 221-231. Pavlik et
al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 122-131. 1 (deer farm) 11 (wild nature)
Slide 13 Infected deer farm with M. caprae in the Czech Republic in
1999 Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 122-131.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-5-122.pdfhttp://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-5-122.pdf
Slide 14 Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 122-131.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-5-122.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-5-122.pdf Slide 15 Kapybara Slide
16 Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 122-131.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-5-122.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-5-122.pdf Slide 17 One farmed red
deer infected with M. caprae in the Czech Republic in 1999 Pavlik
et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 122-131.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-5-122.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-5-122.pdf Slide 18 Pavlik et al.,
Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 122-131.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-5-122.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-5-122.pdf Slide 19 Pavlik et al.,
Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 181-194.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf Slide 20 Occurrence of
M. bovis spoligotypes from 1965-2002 S 1 S 7 S 2 S 3 S 4 S 5 S 6
1965196619741989199119921994199519971999 Type strain M. bovis
capraeThe most common typeUnique 2002 Pavlik et al., Vet. Med.
Czech, 2002, 181-194. http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf Slide 21 Prague (deer -
1999) Chomutov (deer - 1991) R n. S (cattle - 1995) Znojmo (cattle
- 1994) Zln 1989 (capybara) Levica (cattle - 1992) East Prague
(cattle - 1991) 1 3 5 7 S S S Spoligotyping of M. bovis isolates
from animals (1989-2002) (camel - 2002) S M. bovis caprae Pavlik et
al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 181-194.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf Slide 22 The last
infected cattle herd in the Czech Republic was diagnosed in 1995
Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 251-263.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf Slide 23 First infected
cow Big Red (14 years old) Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002,
251-263. http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf Slide 24 Spread of M. b.
caprae in an infected farm 10 6 7 6 29 Cows Heifers Bulls Calves
Total M. b. caprae Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 251-263.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf Slide 25 200 000 400 000
600 000 800 000 1 000 000 1 200 000
1990199119921993199419951996199719981999 Slaughtered cattle in the
Czech Republic (1990- 1999) Year 1.04 mil 0.99 0.94 0.81 0.70 0.61
0.58 0.59 0.53 0.47 No. of animals Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech,
2002, 241-250. http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf Slide 26 0.000 0.010
0.020 0.030 0.040 1990199119921993199419951996199719981999 % of
animals Year Detection of tuberculous lesions in slaughtered cattle
in the Czech Republic (1990-1999) Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech,
2002, 241-250. http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf Slide 27 0 20 40 60 80
100 120 19901991 M. bovisMAC Other mycobacterial spp.
19921993199419951996199719981999 Mycobacterial species isolated
from tuberculous lesions from cattle (19901999) No. of isolates
Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 241-250.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-241.pdf Slide 28 Spoligotyping
in Mycobacterium tuberculosis PCR - oblast DR hybridisatin M.
tuberculosis M. bovis M. caprae M. africanum M. microti Dvorska et
al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 309-328.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/46-12-309.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/46-12-309.pdf Slide 29 Spoligotypes
of members of M. tuberculosis complex Dvorska et al., Vet. Med.
Czech, 2002, 309-328. http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/46-12-309.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/46-12-309.pdf Slide 30 Pavlik et al.,
Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 181-194.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf Slide 31 Occurrence of
M. bovis spoligotypes from 1965-2002 S 1 S 7 S 2 S 3 S 4 S 5 S 6
1965196619741989199119921994199519971999 Type strain M. capraeThe
most common typeUnique 2002 Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002,
181-194. http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf Slide 32 Ocurrence of M.
caprae in Central Europe Erler et al., J. Clin. Microbiol., 2004,
42, 2234-2238. Slide 33 Prague (deer - 1999) Chomutov (deer - 1991)
R n. S (cattle - 1995) Znojmo (cattle - 1994) Zln 1989 (capybara)
Levica (cattle - 1992) East Prague (cattle - 1991) 1 3 5 7 S S S
Spoligotyping of M. bovis isolates from animals (1989 - 2002)
(camel - 2002) S M. caprae Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002,
181-194. http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-7-181.pdf Slide 34 The last
infected cattle herd in the Czech Republic was diagnosed in 1995
Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 251-263.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf Slide 35 First infected
cow Big Red (14 years old) Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002,
251-263. http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf Slide 36 Spread of M.
caprae in an infected farm 10 6 7 6 29 Cows Heifers Bulls Calves
Total M. caprae Pavlik et al., Vet. Med. Czech, 2002, 251-263.
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf
http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/47-9-251.pdf
