Boor Hydro-Electric Scheme, Inverasdale Estate, Poolewe, Parish of Gairloch, Wester Ross

Archaeological Evaluation

Catherine Dagg

For

GBB Estates Ltd 2, Friarsgate

Grosvenor Street Chester

CH1 1XG

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Boor Hydro-Electric Scheme, Inverasdale Estate, Poolewe, Parish of Gairloch, Wester Ross Archaeological Evaluation Contents 1.0 Summary……………………………………………… 3 2.0 Executive Summary………………………………….… 3 3.0 Background…………………………………………….. 3 4.0 Archaeological Background……………………..…… 4 5.0 Historical Background 5.1 Documentary evidence…………………….…… 4 5.2 Cartographic Evidence ………………………….. 7 6.0 Site Description……………………………………. 9 7.0 Archaeological Evaluation 7.1 Gazetteer of Archaeological Sites …………….. .. 9 7.2 Potential Impacts and Mitigations……………….12 8.0 Visual Impact Assessment……………………….…....13 9.0 Conclusions of Evaluation………………………….…13 Appendix 1. Data Sources and Bibliography…………...14 Appendix 2: Photographic Record……………………....15

Plan 1. Location Plan Plan 2. Location of hydro scheme elements Plan 3. Location of archaeological sites

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1.0 Summary

Site summary Rural site

Site location (NGR) NG 810 840

Total area of construction Intake, pipeline, turbine house and tailrace, temporary works compound and access.

Work required Desk-based assessment and walk-over survey

Area of evaluation required Direct impacts on area of construction and indirect visual impact on archaeological landscape

2.0 Executive Summary An archaeological survey of an area to be affected by the construction of a small hydro scheme located a number of prehistoric and early modern settlement and cultivation features, including previously unrecorded hut circles dating to the Bronze/Iron Age. Recommendations are made to prevent damage to these archaeological features. A visual impact assessment of the development on the archaeological landscape concluded that, after construction is finished and with careful reinstatement and landscaping the impact should be minimal. 3.0 Background. The author was asked by GBB Estates Ltd to carry out an archaeological evaluation, consisting of a desk-based assessment and walk-over survey, of an area of proposed development at Boor on the west side of Loch Ewe in Wester Ross. The evaluation is in compliance with a brief for archaeological work prepared by the Highland Council Archaeology Unit. The development has the potential to have a negative impact on the archaeological record and the cultural heritage of the area for the following reasons:

• No previous archaeological evaluation has been carried out of this area. • There may be archaeological remains and areas of archaeological or cultural

sensitivity within the development area which have not been previously recorded and evaluated.

• The area has not been subjected to modern development or change of land use, with the exception of one modern house and associated access and landscaping. Archaeological sites in the area should be in a good state of preservation

• Within the wider area, between Loch Ewe and the Gairloch in particular, a number of archaeological sites, particularly prehistoric settlements, have been

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recorded. This increases the likelihood of similar sites surviving within the development area.

• The depopulated township of Boor and the former meal mill form elements of the more recent cultural heritage of the Loch Ewe area. Archaeological features associated with these may also lie within the area of development.

The evaluation consists of the following elements:

1. Placing of the area of evaluation within an archaeological, historical and cultural context. This will be done through investigation of all readily available archive and data sources on the history of settlement, land use and land ownership in this and the surrounding area. (sections 4 and 5)

2. Identification of all visible archaeological features and areas of potential sub-surface archaeological features or deposits within or immediately adjacent to the area of evaluation. This information is presented as a gazetteer of sites (section 7) and each site is given a significance according to the Burra Charter

3. Visual Impact Assessment: to evaluate the potential impact of the development on an otherwise undisturbed archaeological landscape.

The development consists of the following elements:

1. Intake: dam across the Allt a’Mhuilinn at NG 8409 8088 2. Buried pipeline along north side of Allt a’Mhuilinn 3. Turbine House, 4m by 2.5m, north of stream and west of B8057 road 4. Tailrace returning water to stream immediately above road bridge 5. Alternative turbine house site above stream east of B8057 6. Temporary working area, heli-drop zone, west of intake. 7. Temporary works yard in existing hardstanding north of Boor House 8. Temporary/ single trip access route from Boor house to intake site

4.0 Archaeological Background Two archaeological surveys have previously been carried out in the vicinity of the development. Both were concerned with water mains renewals and both f0ollowed a corridor close to the road. C.Dagg (2000) followed a route east of the road, which will only be affected by the present development if the alternative turbine house site is utilised. J. Wordsworth (1994) surveyed a broader area west of the road and identified a number of archaeological features within the present evaluation area. Other archaeological sites have been identified, from information on old maps, by the RCAHMS and by fieldwalking carried out by Terry Doe, a local archaeological enthusiast, in 2005. The following sites are recorded on the Historic Environment Record (HER)

A. Boor Township, centred on NG 8420 8153 HER ref. MHG 40039 A township consisting of three roofed buildings, one of which is a mill, nine

unroofed buildings and a field system, depicted on the 1st edition of the OS 6-

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inch map (Ross-shire 1881 sheet xiv) One roofed and eight unroofed buildings depicted on the 1968 OS 1: 10560

B. Boor Mill at NG 8462 8114 HER ref. MHG 21733 A mill, comprising one roofed building and a lade is depicted on the 1st edition

OS 6-inch map (Ross-shire 1881, sheet xiv) but is not shown on the 1992 1:25000

C. Torr a’Bhioda: field system at NG 84023 81168 HER ref. MHG 49737 An extensive field system lying along the SE face of Torr a’Bhioda. A mix of

ancient and more recent walled areas with clearance cairns (Terry Doe) D. Torr a’Bhioda: hut circle at NG 84023 81168 HER ref. MHG 49738

A hut circle in a prominent position within the field system, with an internal diameter of approximately 8m.

E. Boor: enclosure at NG 8413 8100 HER ref. MHG 21199 An enclosure and a short length of wall extending from the north end depicted

on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map and on the 1992 1: 25000.

F. Torr a’Bhioda: hut circle at NG 84010 80870 HER ref: MHG 49707 This possible hut circle has been robbed of stones (Terry Doe)

There are no sites with statutory protection such as Scheduled Ancient Monuments, Listed Buildings, gardens or designed landscapes within or adjacent to the area of evaluation, nor are there any in the surrounding area which could be considered to be affected negatively by the visual impact of the development.

5.0 Historical Background 5.1 Documentary Evidence Boor is likely to have been a typical small west coast township of a few houses clustered together with corn lands adjacent and shielings inland although it is not mentioned by name on early retours or maps. Inverasdale and ‘the two Nastis (1638=Naast) or Dunast (1662) are named, together with a settlement name Ruymakilvandrich (G. Rudha Mac Gille Aindreas or ‘the point of the son of Gillanders) which appears to apply to a small headland near Boor and may originally have been applied to the settlement. The name ‘Boor’ is of uncertain origin. Watson (1904) suggests a Norse origin in bur-a or ‘the bower stream’ but Dixon (1886) suggests it to be either from G. buradh, a bursting forth of blood, or from the root boor, meaning ‘roaring’ because stags used to roar there. The connection with blood

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is explained by a legendary incident after a skirmish at Loch Tollie when a wounded MacBeath pulled an arrow out of himself. While a mill at Strath of Gairloch is specifically mentioned in 1638, the Boor mill is not, which might suggest that it was not extant at that date. The location of the original township, high on the brae and set well back from the road, may seem inconvenient today, but the road along the loch side to Cove was not built until around 1848 as a work-creating project during the potato famine. Before that, a track led from the township through the hills from Boor to the west end of Loch Tollie and so to Strath and the parish church. This track is still shown as a road on maps of the 1880s By 1841, on the eve of the estate’s radical relocation of tenants, four families, all MacKenzies are recorded on the census return at Boor. Three heads of household are recorded as tenants and one as labourer. John MacKenzie, aged 45, is recorded as tenant and miller. This may not be a reference to the existence of the meal mill on the Allt a’Mhuilinn as J Wordsworth (1994) suggests the possible remains of a mill on the small nameless stream running past the township. This, if it existed, is likely to have been a small horizontal mill serving only the township’s population. The 1851 census return shows the population after the estate improvements of 1843. New crofting townships were mostly created out of existing small tenant farms while other townships were cleared to make way for larger farm units. Tenants were not removed from the estate but were allocated holdings in the new croft townships such as Naast, Braes, Midtown, Coast, Mellanguan and Cove, all these on the west side of Loch Ewe. Boor was not initially converted into a sheep farm, as one lotter is recorded in 1851, while John Mackenzie is listed as a meal dealer. One George Forbes, from Strathglass, is recorded as the meal miller. This could indicate the construction of a new, improved mill on the Allt a’Mhuilinn, with Forbes brought in to manage it. The Forbes family, from Kilmorack in Strathglass, were well-known as millers and, as well as George at Boor, took over the mills at Second Coast (in 1846) and Ullapool. The same John Mackenzie is recorded as sheep farmer by 1861. By this date there are only two households at Boor: Mackenzie running the farm and Forbes running the mill. This situation continues until 1869 when MacKenzie takes over the mill, possibly on the death of Forbes, who would have been 58 at that date. Three generations of MacKenzie, all named John, run the farm and mill together until 1917. John senior had died in 1915 aged 80. The only recorded change during this period is that the farm changed its name to Boor Naast Glass Farm. The mill only operated for three more years, closing in 1920. The farm was run by Donald MacRae from 1918 to the 1930s, then by Alexander Urquhart until 1960. This is the year that the Gairloch estate sold the Inverasdale lands to MacDonald-Buchanan of Scatwell. The farm appears to have ceased to operate at this date; Boor house is recorded as a private dwelling and the grazing was probably given to Poolewe crofters. Alexander Urquhart, who had been running the farm, is recorded as crofter in Naast.

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5.2 Cartographic Evidence The earliest relatively accurate record of townships and cultivation is Roy’s military survey of the 1750s. This does not show any settlement at Boor and only a small township, probably Naast, with a broad band of cultivated land. Roy’s survey is incomplete and there is probably no significance to the exclusion of Boor.

1. Roy’s Military Survey, 1750s: The red buildings probably indicate Naast. Hatching

represents corn lands. Boor would be at the south end of this cultivated strip. The Admiralty chart of Loch Ewe, published in 1849-50, shows in apparent detail the location of the buildings at Boor, including the mill. Curiously, the stream now known as the Allt a’Mhuilinn (stream of the mill) is shown here as the Ault Cruim Leum, uncertain in its translation but possibly referring to the jumping or friskiness of the waters (G. leum: leap, leum uisge: waterfall) Cruim may be a personal name. This may be another indicator that the mill was not constructed until the 1840s and that the change in the stream’s name was not yet in common usage in 1849. Seven buildings are indicated on this map: a cluster of three uphill and a scatter of four more towards the shore. There is no indication on this map, more concerned with landmarks visible to sailors, whether all were inhabited. The 1881 Ordnance Survey 6-inch map was surveyed when it is known from documentary evidence that only two households were residing at Boor: Mackenzie at the farm and Forbes running the mill. The mill is shown as a single rectangular structure east of the road with the lade coming off the stream at an angle above the bridge, crossing the road and running to

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the SE end of the building. This was most likely an overshot wheel, with the tailrace falling directly to the shore rather than rejoining the stream.

2. Admiralty chart of Loch Ewe, 1849

3. OS 1881 6” map. Roofed buildings are black, unroofed in outline

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One inhabited building is shown at Boor township, together with seven unroofed buildings. This must be the house occupied by the Mackenzies. All the cultivated ground is shown east of the buildings. The track to Loch Tollie is shown running SW from the township and a number of sections of dyke are recorded crossing Torr a’Bhioda and forming an enclosure to the west on the Allt a’Mhuilinn. Curiously for a sheep farm, there are no steading, sheep pens or park dykes. The building above the road which still exists, known as Boor Cottage, is recorded on the 2nd edition OS map and must have been built for the Mackenzies, the only residents at Boor at that date. 6.0 Site Description The SW side of Loch Ewe rises steeply in a band of rocky gneiss outcrops which cut off the low ground between Loch Ewe and the Gairloch from the shoreline. Water drains from this peaty basin only at a few points, one of the larger being the steep valley of the Lochboor Burn or Allt a’Mhuilinn. 3-4 minor streams join to form the burn which drops in a series of falls, the lowermost forming a small gorge. Vegetation is poor apart from on the lower slopes where deciduous woodland has established, probably after the reduction of grazing stock. No ground is now enclosed for cultivation but a large enclosure is deer-fenced and planted with coniferous and deciduous woodland and shrubs around Boor House. There are two houses at Boor: one modern on the site of the old township with a broad access road and area of hardstanding and the other a late 19th-early 20th century cottage above the road. Away from the coastal strip there are no modern elements such as tracks, fencing, telegraph or electricity poles and only the occasional view is afforded of Poolewe village and Inverewe. The intake site is located at the first waterfall to descend from the peaty basin (Photo 23) from here the pipeline route follows a rough footpath along the edge of a terrace on the north side of the stream. The turbine and tailrace site is in regenerated deciduous woodland on a slope immediately above the road and bridge. 7.0 Archaeological Evaluation A walk-over survey was carried out on 24.11.08 in dry, clear and sunny weather conditions. 7.1 Gazetteer of Archaeological Sites 1. Boor Township centred on NG 8420 8153 (Site A. in section 4.0) HER ref. MHG 40039

Significance: Regional The house still depicted as inhabited at the end of the 19th century has now been completely demolished and lies under the access road, while the most northerly of

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the abandoned buildings lies directly under the modern house. The remaining five buildings are visible as standing ruins and a turf and rubble dyke survives within the garden west of the house. Building a. is attached to this dyke and is small, probably a byre (Photo no. 1) Buildings b. and c. are connected although at a slight angle and have internal partitions (Photos 2-4). They probably represent two dwellings with byres. Building d. is set at a lower level to the south and again may be a byre (Photos 5-7). There appear to be slight traces of enclosure walling to the east of the buildings but this is obscured by bracken (Photo no. 8). Building e. is located outside the deer fence at NG 8415 8122 (Photo no. 9)

2. Torr a’Bhioda: field system at NG 84023 81168 (Site C. in section 4.0)

HER ref. MHG 49737 Significance: local The gneiss outcrops of Boor Hill separate this field system from the definitely early modern cultivation to the east. An area of cleared and improved ground bounded to the NE by rockfaces and to the east by the change of slope where the ground falls steeply to Boor township. The break of slope, from NG 8407 8125 to NG 8405 8118 is edged by rickles of field clearance stones. This has the appearance of being entirely prehistoric and associated with the hut circle, site 3. The steepness of the slope provides an uncultivated band between this and the township features to the south and east.

3. Torr a’Bhioda: hut circle at NG 84023 81168 (site D. in section 4.0) HER ref. MHG 49738 Significance: Regional A clearly visible structure immediately south of the small stream and set within the associated field system (Site 2). Rubble walling and as described by T. Doe (Photos 10, 11)

4. Dyke from NG 8399 8115 to NG 8409 8109 Significance: local A substantial turf and rubble dyke descending the brae to join the western of the two enclosing dykes of site 6.(Photo.no.12) It is of the same construction as and probably contemporary with these. It is not, however, recorded on the 1881 or modern maps.

5. Boor: enclosure at NG 8413 8100 (site E. in section 4.0) HER ref. MHG 21199 Significance: local Two turf and rubble dykes converge to form a roughly triangular enclosure crossing the ridge north of the Allt a’Mhuilinn and west of Torr a’Bhioda, A third section of dyke runs ENE up to the Torr (Photos 13, 15) where other less obvious and possibly earlier boundaries can be discerned. Within the enclosed area are a number of field clearance piles and field boundaries, for example at NG 8412 8182 (Photo 16) and a low, heather-covered bank or dyke runs ESE from the main enclosing dyke at NG 8409 8098 although this does not appear to continue to the stream. The vegetation within the enclosure is slightly more grassy than outwith. The north section of dyke is slightly retaining (Photo. No. 17) As indicated on the map, the two dykes meet the Allt a’Mhuilinn at NG 8412 8092 and NG 8421 8099.

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6. Hut Circle (Possible) at NG 8413 8110

Significance: Local The east boundary dyke of site 6. diverts round an approximately circular grassy level platform 8m in diameter, strongly suggesting the site of a former hut circle whose stone has been robbed in the construction of the dyke. (Photos 15, 18) This is at the north edge of the improved high ground west of Torr a’Bhioda.

7. Structures, field system at NG 8406 8097 Significance: local One possible small sub-oval structure consisting of bracken-covered stones on a site set slightly into the hillside (Photo no. 19) East of this is a faint stony rickle running down the slope and suggesting a field edge and to the west by 5m is a platform, 6.5m in diameter, which appears unnaturally level and may have been a second structure (Photos 20, 21) Some stones are visible around its edge.

8. Hut Circle at NG 84010 80870 (site F in section 4.0) HER ref: MHG 49707 Significance: regional Occupying a slight knoll in the centre of a probably contemporary field system (Site 10) is an oval platform measuring 5.5m N-S by 6.5m E-W which is probably the robbed remains of a hut circle.

9. Field system, centred on NG 84010 80870 Significance: local The area all around the probable hut circle appears to have been cleared of stones. Field boundaries or clearance stones are visible to the SW and NW and a rickle of stones runs down the slope from the knoll to NG 8399 80852. These have the appearance of prehistoric cultivation features.

10. Walling, enclosure from NG 8408 7991 to NG 8410 7992 Significance: local A low area adjacent to the stream, immediately below the waterfalls contains a section of low rubble walling (Photo 23-26.). This forms a small enclosure bordering the stream. The walling is single-skin drystone to a height of 0.8m and four courses and follows a sinuous line (Photo 24). This suggests that the walling may be incorporating earlier structures, for example shieling huts. Although close to the main settlement of Boor, this would be a good shieling site. The walling may therefore date to the period of the sheep farm.

11. Field clearance pile at NG 8425 8107 Significance: local A pile of large (200mm+ diameter) stones

12. Walling, enclosure from NG 84291 81042 to NG 8448 8104 Significance: local A single row of stones runs from the terrace edge ENE converging on a more

substantial turf and stone dyke which curves north and east to enclose a large area of grassy, now bracken-covered, improved ground containing field clearance piles. The field clearance is particularly noticeable along the terrace edge below

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the footpath. Higher sections of this dyke make use of rocky outcrops. The single row of stones is probably an earlier, possibly prehistoric alignment. (Photo. No. 27)

13. Hut Circle (Possible) at NG 8434 8108 Significance: local A circular platform partly cut into the slope to the north and ringed with stones but truncated and probably robbed by the enclosure dyke (Site 13) may be the remains of a hut circle.

14. Hut Circle at NG 8443 8105 Significance: regional On a slight slope under a steep rocky face is a ring of large stones and rubble walling. Internal diameter is 6m and there is no visible entrance (Photos 28-30) Running SE from this to the terrace edge is a field boundary of large, probably cleared stones which turns east to run for a short distance along the terrace edge. This is likely to be contemporary with the hut circle and represent prehistoric field clearance.

15. Lade at NG 8458 8111 Significance: local A shallow ditch runs NNE from the stream to the north end of the bridge. This is in the location indicated on the 1881 map of the lade for the corn mill (Site 17) There is now no trace of any form of sluice on the stream which at the junction is deeply set at the bottom of a small ravine.

16. Mill (Site of) at NG 8462 8115 (Site B in section 4.0) HER ref. MHG 21733

Significance: local The ground between the new road bridge and the shore is disturbed and probably built up with imported material. There is no surface trace of the mill building or its tailrace which should fall into the sea.

7.2 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Temporary access route: The route to be taken by the digger to the intake site will pass between sites 5 and 7 but will only cross site 4, the turf and rubble dyke. There may be some minor damage to the feature which can be re-instated when the machine is removed. Intake site: This lies to the west of site 10 and east of sites 8-9. Neither of these should be affected directly, particularly if the working area is restricted to the stream side. The archaeological features could be further protected from accidental damage by marking them on the ground before any material is helicoptered in Pipeline route: The pipeline will pass very close to or through site 10. It will also cross the dykes of sites 5 and 12, passing close to the field clearance piles within the enclosures and site 11 and immediately south of the hut circle, site 14., crossing the

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contemporary field boundary to its south. Six dykes or boundaries will be crossed and the route will also pass close to field clearance piles. An archaeological watching brief may be advisable where the pipeline passes particularly sensitive areas such as immediately below the hut circle, site 14. It is recommended that visible features such as field clearance piles and banks be avoided as much as possible and that dykes which are cut through be reinstated in their original style. Turbine House site: This is located over site 15, the probable remains of the original mill lade. The work provides an opportunity to investigate the feature to gain information about the date and construction of and adaptations to the feature. This could be carried out by an archaeological watching brief during ground breaking work or by a pre-development investigation. 8.0 Visual Impact Assessment At present the area between Boor and the Allt a’Mhuilinn presents a complex landscape containing elements which can be dated to the Bronze/Iron Age (sites 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14) and to the early modern period immediately pre-dating the major population movements of the 1840s (sites 1, 4, 5) Other sites may date to later sheep farming activity. However, there are at present no intrusive modern elements. While it is impractical to attempt to preserve every such landscape, they are becoming rarer as tracks, fencing, forestry, telecommunication masts and housing intrude into formerly undeveloped historic landscapes. For this reason it is advisable to minimise the visual impact of the scheme. While the turbine house will not be visible from the higher ground and the pipeline route, once the vegetation and dykes have been reinstated, will not have a visual impact, the intake will be visible and therefore intrusive. The visual impact can be minimised by cladding with natural materials and maintaining the profile of the intake below the horizon as seen from the majority of the sites. With the various mitigations in place, the visual impact of the scheme on the archaeological landscape will be low. 9.0 Conclusions and Recommendations Of the 16 identified archaeological features, only those located along the north bank of the Allt a’Mhuilinn will be directly affected, mostly during insertion of the pipeline. Mitigation in the form of marking sites, careful routing to avoid visible features and watching brief along sections nearest to archaeological sites will ensure that the archaeological record is protected. The Boor mill can be considered to be destroyed apart from a section of lade which may survive west of the road. The development gives the opportunity to investigate this. The visual impact on the archaeological or historical landscape will, after the construction phase and reinstatement, be limited to the intake. With careful design, this impact will be low.

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Catherine Dagg, BA, AIfA 2, Ruigh’Riabhach Scoraig Peninsula Dundonnell Wester Ross IV23 2RE Tel: 01854 633 337 8.12.08

Appendix 1. Data Sources and Bibliography The following data sources were consulted during this evaluation:

• Highland Historic Environment record (HER) held by the Archaeology Unit within Highland Council in Inverness

• Census returns for 1841, 1851, 1861, 1881, held by the Genealogy Unit within Inverness Library

• Valuation Rolls for the years 1868-1962, held by the Highland Archive in Inverness

• Old maps held by the Map Library within the National Library of Scotland in Edinburgh

The following provided background information :

• Baldwin, JR (ed) 1994: Peoples and Settlement in North-West Ross • Dixon JH 1886: Gairloch and Guide to Loch Maree • MacKenzie OH 1921: A Hundred Years in the Highlands • Watson WJ 1904: Place Names of Ross and Cromarty

Historical Map are reproduced from NLS Map Library website Ordnance Survey maps reproduced under map copying license

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Appendix 2. Photographic record (digital) Photo no. Site no. Description Angle of View 1 1 Boor township, building a. within garden of

Boor House From NW

2 1 Boor township, building b. SE aspect From E 3 1 Boor township, buildings b and c From S 4 1 Boor Township, building c. From SW 5 1 Boor township, building d. From NW 6 1 Boor township, building d. east aspect From NE 7 1 Boor township, building d. detail of stonework From S 8 1 Boor township. Building d. in foreground,

buildings b and c at top of bracken slope From S

9 1 Boor township, building e. outside deer fence From SW 10 3 Torr a’Bhioda hut circle From NE 11 3 Torr a’Bhioda hut circle From SW 12 4 Turf and rubble dyke From NW 13 5 General view of area west of Torr a’Bhioda

with east extension turf and rubble dyke From NW

14 5 General view of enclosed area, centre right From NW 15 5, 6 Junction of turf and rubble dykes at north end of

enclosure. Right of centre is grassy knoll where dyke deviates which is likely to be hut circle, site 6. Allt a’Mhuilinn is visible on far right.

From NW

16 5 Boundary, field clearance on top of ridge within enclosed area.

From NW

17 5 North section of dyke, retaining. To left of this is former footpath and route for temporary access to intake.

From SW

18 6 Grassy knoll where dyke deviates around diameter of possible former hut circle

From SE

19 7 Bracken-covered stones of possible structure (right) and platform (left, slightly higher)

From E

20 7 Platform (centre) of possible former structure From W 21 7 Platform (centre) of possible former structure.

Allt a’Mhuilinn in background From SW

22 8 Level summit of slight knoll is probable former hut circle

From N

23 10 Waterfall at proposed intake site and, to right of stream, low rubble walling of enclosure. In foreground is south end of dyke of site 5

From NE

24 10 Detail of walling which may overlie former shieling hut

From W

25 10 West end of walling From N 26 10 General view of enclosure From SW 27 12 Single stone row in foreground is possible

earlier boundary alignment. Main boundary turf and rubble dyke is behind

From W

28 14 Hut circle: ring of large stones within bracken, centre

From NE

29 14 Hut circle, visible rubble walling is W arc From E 30 14 Hut circle, interior and NW arc of rubble

walling From SE

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Fig. 1. Location of proposed development

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