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BLOOD
• Body contains 4-6 L• Consists of
– Water– Red Blood Cells– Plasma– White blood cells and
platelets
Whole Blood Sample
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
Sample Placed in Centrifuge Blood Sample That Has Been Centrifuged
Whole Blood Sample
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
Sample Placed in Centrifuge
Blood Sample That Has Been Centrifuged
Whole Blood Sample
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
Sample Placed in Centrifuge
Blood Sample That Has Been Centrifuged
Liquid Portion (Plasma) Carries • Blood cells
– Erythrocytes (RBC - red blood cells)
– Leucocytes (WBC - white blood cells)
• Platelets (non cellular particles)• Proteins
– Enzymes – Hormones – Endocrine System
• Nutrients - Digestive System• Gases - Respiratory System• Inorganic salts
• Hemoglobin, iron containing molecule
• Loosely picks up oxygen in the lungs
• Loses oxygen in areas low in oxygen (diffuses)
Oxygenated Blood
• 50% Water• 45% Erythrocytes (RBC)• 4% Plasma with Substances• 1% Leukocytes (WBC) +
Platelets
• Transporters of– Oxygen– Carbon Dioxide
• RBC– Lack a nucleus– Contain hemoglobin– Disk-shaped
• RBC are produced in red bone marrow of – ribs, – humerus, – femur, – sternum, and other long bones
• Lives for 120 days
• WBC fight infection/disease– Attack foreign substances
• Less abundant• Large cells• Some live for months
– Most just a few days• ALL contain nuclei
• PLATELETS are for CLOTTING blood• Cell fragments• Produced in bone marrow• Short life span (1 week)• Fibrin (sticky network of protein fibers)
– Form a web trapping blood cells
Break in Capillary Wall
Clumping of Platelets Clot Forms
• Massive loss of blood requires a transfusion• Four Types
– A– B– AB– O
• Rhesus factor (Rh)– Rh+ (have antigen)– Rh- (NO antigen)
• Inherited from your parents
• Plasma contains proteins that correspond to the shape of the different antigens
• If you mix one type with the wrong one, you get CLUMPING
• Type O is the universal donor • Type AB is the universal acceptor