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PETE 310Lecture # 15Properties of Black Oils Definitions(pages
224-240)
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Phase Diagram of a Black Oil Reservoir
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Properties of Black Oils Needed for Reservoir Engineering
Calculations:
Formation Volume Factor of oil Bo
Total Formation Volume Factor of oil Bt
Solution Gas oil Ratio Rs
Coefficient of Isothermal Compressibility Co
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Properties of Black Oils Needed for Reservoir Engineering
Calculations:
Coefficient of isobaric thermal expansion bo
Oil Viscosity mo
Interfacial Tension
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Learning GoalsUnderstand the behavior of those PVT properties
(Bo,Rs,) vs P and type of fluid (now)Evaluate PVT properties from
(later)Field dataLaboratory studiesCorrelations
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DefinitionsSpecific gravity of a liquid
API gravity
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Definitions
Formation Volume Factor of Oil
Gas out of Solution
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Definitions Volume of Oil + Dissolved gas Bo = at Reservoir
Pressure & Temp. Volume of Oil entering Stock tank at Tsc,
PscUnits = Reservoir barrels (bbl) /Stock tank barrels (STB)
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General Shape of BoBoReservoir PressurePbReservoir T =
constant
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Solution Gas Oil Ratio (Rs)How much gas is dissolved in the oil
volume per volume basisRs depends upon pressureUnits [= ] SCF gas
/STB oil
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General Shape of Solution Gas Oil Ratio (Rs)RsReservoir
PressurePbReservoir T = constant
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Total Formation Volume Factor BtHgOilBobBoBg(Rsb-Rs)Pb
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Definition of BtAlso called Two-phase formation volume
factorUnits
bbl/STB + bbl/SCF * (SCF/STB)
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General Shape of BtBo, BtReservoir PressurePbReservoir T =
constantBt=BoBtBo
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The Coefficient of Isothermal Compressibility of OilProvides
Instantaneous change of volume with P at constant TAlso with molar
volume and specific volume
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Coefficient of Thermal Expansion(Use in Steam Injection
Processes)
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Oil ViscosityViscosity is a measure of the resistance to flow
exerted by a fluidThis is called dynamic viscosity and has units of
centipoise = g mass / 100 sec cm Kinematic viscosity is viscosity /
density, units are in centistokes = centipoise /g/cc
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Needs of Crude Oil ViscosityCalculation of two-phase
flowGas-lift and pipeline designCalculate oil recovery either from
natural depletion or from recovery techniques such as waterflooding
and gas-injection processes
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Variation of Oil Viscosity Oil Viscosity T = constantPbSingle
Phase Flow
Two Phase Flow
