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7/24/2019 Bkc3533-Osh in Chemical Industries 11213
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.. j Universiti
J
Malaysia
P A H A N G
Engineering Technology Creat iv ity
FA CUL TY OF CH E M ICA L N A T URA L RE SOURCE S E N G IN E E RIN G
F IN A L E X A M IN A T IO N
COURSE
OSH IN CH E M ICA L IN DUST RIE S
COURSE
C O D EBKC3533
LE C TURE R
J UWARI PURWO S UTI K NO
MI O R AH MAD K I IUS HAI RI B I N MO HD ZAHARI
D ATE
07 JANUARY 2013
D U R A T I O N
3 HO URS
S E S S I O N /S E M E S T E R : S E S S IO N 2 0 1 2/2 0 1 3 SE M E S T E R I
PROGRAMME CODE BKC
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE:
1
This question paper co nsists of FOUR 4)
questions. A nswer A LL questions.
2 A ll answers to a new question should start on new page.
3
All the calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated.
4
Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those allowed by
the invigilator into the exam ination room.
EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS:
riginal hand w riting summ ary on one (1) sheet paper A 4 w ith lecturer 's
endorsement (cop).
D O N O T T U R N T H I S PA G E U N T I L Y O U A R E T O L D T O D O S O
This exam ination paper consists of
S E V E N
(7) printed pages including front page.
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ONFIDENTI L
KC/121311BKC3533
QUE STION 1
On February 24, 1992, OSH A published the final rule Process Safety Management of
Highly Hazardou s Chem ical . This standard is performance oriented; that is, it sets general
requirements for the management of hazardous chemical.
a) What the accident that encourage the Process safety Management PSM) was
developed?
(3 Marks)
b) Give the conclusion what is the definition of PSM ?
(3 Marks)
c) There are 14 elements of PS M, state
EIGHT 8)
elements of PSM.
8 Marks)
d) One of the elements of PSM is contractor. Give the reason, why the contractor is
included in the PSM element?
4 M arks)
e) Explain TW O (2) methods of Process Hazard Analysis (PHA).
(7 Marks)
Q U E S T I O N
a) Tox icity can be classified into two types; acute toxicity and chronic toxicity.
i)
Give the m ost suitable definition for toxicity
ii)
Com pare the differences between acute and chronic toxicity
3 M arks)
2
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CONFIDENTIAL
KC/1213I1BKC3533
b)
Toxicant can enter biological system by many ways. Explain the entry routes and the
method to control of toxicant into biological system.
(4 Marks)
c)
A group of students are tested for skin irritation due to the usage of skin products. The
following are the data findings of toxicity analysis involving the effect of different
skin products upon a specific number of students.
Table : Percentage of individuals affected by product of A and B at different
dose
Dose o f skin
product A
mg/1
)
Dose o f skin
product B
(mg/1)
Total of
stu nts
of
students
affected from
product A
of students
affected from
product
B
10.2 20.3 10 0
84
8 4
7.7
17.6
100 72
7 2
5 1
1 5 100
64 6 4
3.8
3.0 100 35 3 5
2.6 1.3 10 0
21 2 1
0
0 10 0 0
0
1
raw a response versus log dose graph for both product A and B on a same
graph paper
(10 Marks)
ii)
Determine which product is more toxic based on 50 percent response. State your
reason.
(4 M arks)
iii)
What conclusion can you made, based on the result of a) about the toxicity of
both products
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ONFIDENTI L
KC/121311BKC3533
Q U E S T I O N 3
A field engineer make s a m orning inspection. The m orning inspection finds a leak in the
liquid chlorine tank at atmospheric pressure). An investigation finds that the leak was 0.2
in in diameter and 10 ft above the tank bottom and the field engineer imm ediately repair
the leak. Records show that the liquid chlorine level in the tank wa s 21 ft before the leak
occurred and 18 ft after the leak was repaired. The tank diam eter is 15 ft. The density of
liquid chlorine at these conditions is
6
lbm/ft3.
a)
Calculate the total amount of liquid Chlorine spilled ibm)
4 M arks )
b)
Determine the m aximum spill rate
11 Marks)
c)
Estimate the total time the leak was active
10 Marks)
Q U E S T I O N 4
a) Give the definition for the following terms:
i)
Combustion
ii)
Ignition
iii)
Auto-ignition temperature
3 Marks)
4
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CONFIDENTIAL
KC 12131 BKC3533
b)
Draw a flamma bility diagram for methane at an initial temperature and pressure of
5
and 1 atm osphere, respectively.
Given:
C
h
H
Y
z0
-*
mC O
x
H2
Stoichiometric line intersection: ioo(_)
1 z
(12 Marks)
c )
A storage vessel containing a mixture of 60 methane, 20 oxygen and 20 nitrogen
is considered.
i) I f there is a significant energy of igni t ion so urce ex ist, wou ld there be a f i re
occur? Please provide an explanation for your answer You need to use the
flammability diagram from 2 (b) to justify your answer.
2 Marks)
ii ) As a chem ical engineer, you are responsible to fi ll this vessel safely with pure
air. Please prov ide some sug gestions/ steps to com plete the task. You ne ed to
use the flamm ability diagram from 2 (b) to justify your answer.
8 Marks)
END OF QUESTION P PER
5
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CONFIDENTIAL
KC/121311BKC3533
APPENDIX: Related data
Table 1: Limiting Oxygen Concentrations LOCs) volume percent oxygen
concentration above which combustion can occur
Table 6 2
Limiting Oxygen Concentrat ions LOCs) volume percent
oxygen concentrat ion above which combustion can occur)1
as or vapor
2 A i r
O 2 A i r
as or vapor
2 A i r
O 2 A i r
Methane
12
14,5
Kerosene
10 (150C)
13 (150C)
Ethane
ii
13 5
JP-1 fuel
10.5 (150C)
14(150C)
Propane
11.5
14 5 JP-3 fuel
12 14 5
n
.
Butane
12
14.5
JP-4 fuel
11.5
1 4 . 5
Isobutane
12
1 5
Natural gas
12
1 4 . 5
n-Pentane
12
14.5
n-Duty chloride
14 -
Isopentnne
12 14.5
12 (100C) -
n-Hexane
12
14.5
Methylene chloride
19 (30C)
i Heptane
11.5
14.5
17(100-C)
Ethylene
10 U.S
Ethylene dichloride
1 3
Propylene 11.5
14
11.5 (100C)
1-Butene
11.5
14
Methylchioroform
14
-
isobut
y
iene
12
1 .5
Trichloroethylcnc
9 101)C)
Butadiene
10.5
13
Acetone
11.5 14
3-Mcthyl
.
l hutene
11.5
14
i-butanoi
NA ,
16.5 (150C)
Benzene
11,4
14
Carbon disulfide 5
7 . 5
Toluene
95
-
Carbon monoxide
5 .5
5 5
Styrene 9 .0
-
Ethanol
10.5
1 3
Ethylbenzcne
9 .0
- 2-Ethyl butanol
9.5 (150C)
-
Viltolene
90
Ethyl ether 105
1 3
Diethvlbenzenc
8. 5
-
Hydrogen
5
5 . 2
cyclopropane
11.5
14
HydrognsuHide 7. 5
1 1 5
Gasoline
isohutyl formate
12 5
1 5
73/100)
12
15
Methanol
10 1 2
(1001130)
12 15
Methyl acetate
Ii
1 3 . 5
(1151145)
12
145
'Data from NFPA 68,
V c m i n g
of Def larains Quincy,
MA: NtionaA Fire
Protection Association, 1994 ).
N
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C O N F I D E N T I A L
K C 1 2 1 3 1 1 B K C 3 5 3 3
able 2:
Flammability Limits in Pure Oxygen
Table 6 3 F lamm abi li ty L imi ts in Pure Oxygen
Limi ts o f f l amm abi l it y
in p u r e o x y g e n
o m p o u n d
o r m u l a
o w e r
p p e r
Hydrogen
H 2
4. 0 9 4
Deuterium
D 2
5.0
9 5
Carbon monoxide-
CO
15.5
9
Ammonia
NH
15.0
7 9
Methane
C M 4
5.1
6 1
Ethane
3.0
6 6
Ethylene
z.H4
3.0
8 0
Propylene
C 3 1 1
2.1
5 3
Cyclopro pane
C3H6
2.5
6 0
Diethyl ether
c 4 H L 0 0
2.0
8 2
Divinyl ether
C 4 H 6 0 1.8
85
Data from B. Lewis and C. von Elbe.
Combustion Flames and Explosions of Gases
New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1987).
2
The limits are insensitive to p above a few mm Hg.