BIOMEDICINE September... · S. Rohini and Deepa Gurunathan III. Research Papers 4. Ameliorating effect of whey preparation on Na ... A study of the socio-demographic profile and morbidity

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Dr. G. K. Pal, JIPMER, Puducherry

Dr. G. Rajagopal, Chennai

Dr. Ajay Kumar Singh, DRDO, New Delhi

Dr. M. A. Hussain, Chennai

Dr. S. Venkataraman, Chennai

Dr. S. Jayaram, Puducherry

Dr. N. Suchetha Kumari, Mangalore

Dr. Vinitha Ramanath Pai, Mangalore

Dr. G. J. Sathisha, Shivamogga

Dr. Vadlapudi Kumar, Davangere

Dr. Girish A. S., Tumkur

Dr. Smitha Hegde, Mangalore

Dr. P. D. Rekha, Mangalore

Dr. Keshav Prasad T. S., Mangalore

Dr. J. G. Manjunatha, Madikeri

International Advisory Council

Dr. Annayya Rao Aroor,

Research Professor, Department of Internal Medicine,

Division of Endocrinology, University of Missouri, Columbia

Missouri, USA

Dr. Raghavendra H. L.

Faculty Medicine (FMB)

São Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu, CEP 18618687

Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Dr. Ankur Mutreja

Faculty (Global Health-Infectious Diseases)

Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge

Level 5, Addenbrookes Hospital

Cambridge CB2 0QQ | United Kingdom

Dr. Janita Pinto

Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates

Editor-in-Chief

Dr. Manjula Shantaram

Director (I/C) & Chairperson, Dept. of Studies & Research in

Biochemistry, Mangalore University, Jnana Kaveri PG Centre

Chikka Aluvara, Kodagu District,

Karnataka, India.

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Dr. T. Thirunalasundari

Former Prof. & Head, Department of Industrial Biotechnology,

Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli-620 024

Dr. E. Padmini

Principal, Government Arts & Science College, Perumbakkam

Sithalapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Dr. Mamatha Ballal

Professor of Microbiology Enteric Diseases Division-Head Central

Research Lab, Kasturba Medical College Manipal-576104,

Karnataka, India

Dr. Maji Jose

Professor & Head,Oral Pathology& Microbiology

Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya Deemed to be University,

Deralakatta, Mangalore 575 018,

Karnataka, India

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Studies & Research in Biochemistry, Mangalore University, Jnana

Kaveri PG Centre Chikka Aluvara, Kodagu District, Karnataka,

India. 571232


www.biomedicineonline.org Biomedicine- Vol. 39 No.3: 2019

BIOMEDICINE

Vol. 39 No. 3: (July- September) 2019

Contents

Topics and Authors Page(s)

I. Editorial 387

II. Review Articles

1. The linkage between occupation and stress among community health

workers: An Indo-global perspective 388

Santosh Aryal, C. S. Shastry, Sharad Chand, Vinay B. C., Nandakumar U. P., Ramesh Bhandari,

Kala Bahadur Rawal, Lavanya Voora.

2. A detailed approach on the health benefits of L-theanine 394 Jothi Priya A., Lakshminarayanan A., Gayatri Devi R., Karthik Ganesh M., Saravana Kumar

3. Hypophosphatasia- Dental considerations 400

S. Rohini and Deepa Gurunathan

III. Research Papers

4. Ameliorating effect of whey preparation on Na+-K+-ATPase and stress 405 in chemotherapy induced rat model for brain toxicity

Chiranth, Gayathri M. Rao, Rajeeb Pandey, Jalajakshi, Aradhana M.

5. Association of vitamin D status with pulmonary function in adult asthmatics 410 Reeta Rajagambeeram, Abilash Muralidaran, Pajanivel Ranganadin, Ramesh Ramasamy

6. Assessment of correlation between oxidative stress with erythrocyte indicators 414

and iron stores in iron deficiency anemia of pregnancy

Gayathri G. Nair, Shruti Saraf, Sheela Mallikarjun Kodliwadmath, Mallikarjun Veerbadhrappa Kodliwadmath

7. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and perception regarding the biological hazards 417

and radiological protection among the undergraduates, post graduates and interns Mukundh Chaithanya V. and Uma Maheswari T. N.

8. Comparison of clinical and antimicrobial effects of Triphala mouthwash with 422

Chlorhexidine mouthwash in generalised chronic periodontitis patients - A clinical study Madhumathi D. and Sheeja Varghese

9. A study of the socio-demographic profile and morbidity pattern among the clay 425

artisans of Kolkata, India

Rajib Biswas, Alok Ghosh Chaudhuri, Amalendu Samanta

10. Halloysite nanoparticles of detritus from mangrove-estuarine ecosystem: Potential 431

as antibacterial agents and wound healing activity Munmun Mallik Ghosh, Swarnali Das, Santi M. Mandal, Susanta K. Chakraborty

11. Effect of lutein on adipogenesis in 3T3L1 cell line - An in vitro study 438

Anitha Roy, Mugilan Maheshwari Ramesh, Lakshminarayanan Arivarasu

12. Involvement of imidazoline binding sites in the anticompulsive like activity of ellagic acid 442

Avik Das, Asmita Gajbhiye Patil, Shailendra Patil

13. Effects of virgin coconut oil on renal dysfunction in alloxan induced diabetic 449

rats on biochemical and histological parameters

Aishani, Rekha Durgadas Kini, Nayanatara Arunkumar, Bhagyalakshmi K., Vandana Blossom

14. Effect of increasing weight on spirometry in young healthy adult female: A 454

study in West Bengal Mahboob Alam Md. and Bikashendu Samui

15. Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and motor imagery training 458

to improve gait on sub-acute stroke


www.biomedicineonline.org Biomedicine- Vol. 39 No.3: 2019

Logeshwari Selvaraj, M. S. Sundaram, P. Senthil Selvam, S. Sakthivel

16. Efficacy of kinesiotaping on ACL injury in kabaddi players 463

Pavithralochani, V. Muthukumar, V. Shoba, S. Rajkumar

17. Impact of trunk muscle endurance on static balance and gender difference among 468

physiotherapy students in Chennai- A Double blinded study

V. Rajalaxmi, M. Nithya, G. Mohan Kumar, K. Balathandayutham, G. Yuvarani, K. Kamatchi, G. Tharani

18. Efficacy of cyriax mobilization with kinesiotaping for medial epicondylitis 476

Kamalakannan M., Nesamani, Shali Sara Helan, Isabel, Swapna

19. Effect of maternal underweight on fetal outcome 480 Geraldin Monteiro., Anupama. N, Rekha D. Kini., Nayanatara A. K., Sneha Shetty,

Vinodini N. A., Bhagyalakshmi K.

20. Green synthesis of less toxic Selenium nanoparticles: Their antibacterial, antioxidant 484

and catalytic activity K. Ranjith, P. M. Abishad, K. Namratha, K. Byrappa and B. S. Srinath

21. Anti-proliferative effect of Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus from Florida 491

(misnomer) P. florida (Agaricomycetes) against HeLa and SIHA cervical

cancer cells: Mushroom-boon for cancer therapies Ravi Kant Pathak, Deepika Singh, Krishna Kumar Gupta, Shweta Maurya

22. A study of insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell function in diabetics and non-diabetics 497 Mary Chandrika A. and B. Shanthi

IV. Short Communication

23. Pranayama, a simple counterattack on obesity, via its impact on the serum leptin levels 503

Gayathri Dilliraj and B. Shanthi

V. Case Reports

24. Candidial leukoplakia- Case series 506 Mukundh Chaithanya V. and Uma Maheswari T. N.

25. Ultrasound therapy and taping in lactating mothers with breast engorgement 509

M. V. Sowmya and D. Indrani


EDITORIAL

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH IN YOGA FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF

CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH IN AGEING AND OBESITY

Yoga is an ancient Indian way of life, which includes changes in mental attitude, diet, and the practice of specific

techniques such as yoga asanas (postures), breathing practices (pranayamas), and meditation (dhyana) for

mindfulness to attain the highest level of consciousness (1). Of late, exercise either as modern science or as yoga

asanas is emerging as a vascular medicine and meditation component of yoga being considered as mindfulness

meditation is coupled with exercise or yoga asanas a combined modality. More over yoga is emerging as one of the

therapeutic approaches of alternative medicine as not only life style approach but also as physical, mental and social

approach of holistic medicine for cardiovascular health especially in the setting of obesity.

One of the most significant complications of obesity in the elderly is the metabolic syndrome. This clustering of risk

factors including increased waist circumference, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and glucose intolerance increases the

likelihood of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (2). Obesity can stress the joints leading to joint dysfunction (3)

and mobility impairment as well as lead to pulmonary dysfunction and obstructive sleep apnea (4). Certain cancers

are associated with higher BMIs including breast, uterine, colon and leukemia (5). Yoga practice has been shown to

be beneficial in these disease entities through evidence based biomedical research (6) in few studies.

Indeed our group has provided evidence based research in biomedicine for the beneficial effects of yoga in addition

to other researchers. In two hundred subjects who were included in our study [overweight (n=76) and obese (n=124)],

the practice of 1 hour of yoga/day for three months was highly beneficial for overweight and obese adults of both the

genders which was reflected in the form of improvement in the anthropometric variables, body composition, blood

pressure, lipid profile, MDA (malondialdehyde) level, and total antioxidant status. Continuation of yogic intervention

for 6 months had shown further improvement in the study participants in measured parameters (7). A study by Telles

et al., where obese participants have undergone a yoga program, which included 5 hours of yoga/day and had a low

fat, high fibre, vegetarian diet for six days, has shown significant decrease in anthropometric variables, viz., BMI,

waist and hip circumference, lipid profile parameters such as total cholesterol and HDL-C, fasting serum leptin level

and an increase in postural stability and hand grip strength (8). A dedicated review on the possible links between

obesity, telomeres and aging concludes: “obesity may affect telomere dynamics and accelerate the aging process”

(9). The 12-week yoga intervention had moderately strong positive effects on anthropometric and self-reported

variables in women with abdominal obesity (10).

In conclusion, yoga has an immense benefit on cardiovascular health supported by biomedical research. Further

research in yoga from biomedicine angle should enhance yoga as an evidence based medicine in ageing and obesity

so that yoga benefits are supported by biomedical research.

References

1. Balaji, P. A., Varne, S. R., Ali, S. S. Physiological Effects of Yogic Practices and Transcendental Meditation in Health and Disease. N

Am J Med Sci. 2012; 4(10): 442- 448.

2. Shin, J. A., Lee, J. H., Lim, S. Y., Ha, H. S., Kwon, H. S., Park, Y. M., et al., Metabolic syndrome as a predictor of type 2 diabetes,

and its clinical interpretations and usefulness. J Diabetes Investig. 2013 Jul 8; 4(4): 334-343.

3. King, L. K., March, L., Anandacoomaraswamy, A. Obesity and osteoarthritis. Indian J Med Res 2013 Aug; 138(2): 185-193.

4. Corral,A. R., Caples, S. M., Jimenez, F. L., Somers, V. K. Interactions between obesity and obstructive sleep apnea. Chest, 2010

Mar; 137(3): 711-719.

5. Pergola, G. D., Silvestris, F. Obesity as a major risk factor for cancer. Obes. 2013; 2013: 291546.

6. Stephens, I. Medical yoga therapy. Children (Basel). 2017Feb; 4(2): 12.

7. Balakrishna Shetty, Geetha B. Shetty, Manjula Shantaram, Manjunath N. K. Effect of yogic intervention on anthropometric variables

and oxidative stress in obese adults. International Journal of Pharma Research and Health Sciences (IJPRHS) 2017; 5(6): 2050-2054.

8. Telles, S., Sharma, S. K., Yadav, A., Singh, N., Balkrishna, A. A comparative controlled trial comparing the effects of yoga and

walking for overweight and obese adults. Med Sci Monit. 2014 May 31; 20: 894-904.

9. Tzanetakou, I. P., Katsilambros, N. L., Benetos, A., Mikhailidis, D. P., Perrea, D. N. Is obesity linked to aging?: adipose tissue and

the role of telomeres. Ageing Res Rev. 2012; 11: 220-229.

10. Cramer, H., Thomas, M. S., Anheyer, D., Lauche, R., Dobos, G. Yoga in women with abdominal obesity- a randomized controlled

trial. Deutsch Arzte Int, 2016; Sep. 113(39): 645-652.

Prof. Manjula Shantaram

Editor-in-Chief, Biomedicine

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24878827

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24878827

Biomedicine: 2019; 39(3): 388- 393 July- September 2019


Review Articles

The linkage between occupation and stress among community health workers: An Indo-global

perspective

Santosh Aryal1, Shastry C. S.2, Sharad Chand2, Vinay B. C.2, Nandakumar U. P.2, Ramesh Bhandari3, Kala

Bahadur Rawal4, Lavanya Voora4

1Department of Public Health, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte,

Mangaluru, India. 2Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Paneer, Nitte (Deemed to be

University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, India. 3Department of Pharmacy Practice, KLE College of Pharmacy (Constituent unit of KAHER), Nehrunagar, Belagavi,

India. 4Department of Pharmacy Practice, TVM College of Pharmacy, Kappagal road Ballari, India.

(Received: August 2019 Revised: August 2019 Accepted: September 2019)

Corresponding author: Sharad Chand. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Occupational stress is inevitable in all workers, and community health workers are of no exception. High stress among

the workers substantially decreases there work efficiency. Occupational stress varies and depends on several

predisposing and precipitating factors, including sex, marital status, education, work experience, the magnitude of

workload, and individual's satisfaction toward their job. In addition to the above demographic factors, it heavily

depends upon other factors including role ambiguity, lack of clarity in the job, inadequate staffing, peer pressure,

deadlines to be completed, poor decision making, physical or mental disability, interpersonal conflicts, family and

social issues and many more. The workers who can cope with occupational stress show better productivity in the care

they provide. The psychological and emotional wellness plays a crucial role in the positive re-appraisal of the workers.

The enhanced social relinking of the workers, the reward system in work environment, increased payments to the

workers, sorting and prioritizing of work, planning, and its execution, optimizing the workload, the capability of

logical reasoning, practicing the spiritual activities shows the better coping of stress among the health workers.

Keywords: Community workers; occupational stress; stress; coping strategy.




A detailed approach on the health benefits of L-theanine

Jothi Priya A.1, Lakshminarayanan A.2, Gayatri Devi R.1, Karthik Ganesh M.3, Saravana Kumar4

Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology1, Pharmacology2, Anatomy3 Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals,

Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai -77, India 4Faculty of Medicine, SEGI University, Kota Damansara, Malaysia

(Received: April 2019 Revised: June 2019 Accepted: August 2019)

Corresponding author: Lakshmi Narayanan A. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Tea has been consumed for thousands of years and is an integral part of people's daily routine, as an everyday drink and

a therapeutic aid for health promotion. Consumption of tea has been linked to a sense of relaxation commonly associated

with the content of the non-proteinogenic amino acid theanine, which is found within the tea leaves. The aim of this

review article is to outline the health benefits of L-theanine. The review includes a descriptive analysis of L-theanine in

its role in improvement of immune function, cancer prevention, reduced cardiovascular risk and its cognitive potential

usefulness in our bodily systems when compared with available conventional methods. This review states in detail about

the health benefits and lots of various other uses of L-theanine which is meant as a relaxing agent or a template for

antidepressant drugs. This systematic review is done to acknowledge all the useful and necessary uses of l-theanine and

its importance to society.

Keywords: L-Theanine; non-proteinogenic; cardiovascular risk; therapeutic; cognitive.



Hypophosphatasia- Dental considerations

Rohini S.1 and Deepa Gurunathan2

1Student, 2 Professor, Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical

and Technical Sciences, Chennai – 600077

(Received: April 2019 Revised: July 2019 Accepted: September 2019)

Corresponding author: Deepa Gurunathan. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Hypophosphatasia is a hereditary condition characterized by decreased level of serum alkaline phosphatase (APase),

elevation of phosphoethanolamine (PEA) in urine, premature loss of teeth, and skeletal abnormalities.

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is also a rare inherited metabolic disease in which mutations in the ALPL gene (encoding

tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase) results in varying degrees of enzyme deficiency. Hypophosphatasia manifests

in a spectrum of symptoms, including early primary tooth loss (root intact) and alveolar bone mineralization defects.

Premature loss of primary and permanent teeth is due to disturbed cementum formation and tooth roots in affected

patients do not adequately attach to absorbed alveolar bone due to malformed cementum. Dental professionals are in a

position to identify and recognize hypophosphatasia features for timely referral and optimal disease management.

Keywords: Alkaline Phosphatase; hypophosphatasia; hereditary; metabolic disease; mineralization;

phosphoethanolamine.



Research Papers

Ameliorating effect of whey preparation on Na+-K+-ATPase and oxidative stress in

chemotherapy induced rat model for brain toxicity

Chiranth, Gayathri M. Rao, Rajeeb Pandey, Jalajakshi, Aradhana M.

Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal,

India

(Received: July 2019 Revised: August 2019 Accepted: September 2019)

Corresponding author: Gayathri M. Rao. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Non-targeted tissue susceptibility of organs including brain is one of the significant impacts of

chemotherapy and often limits the therapeutic strategies in cancer patients. A molecule or component which can prevent

/suppress such action on non- targeted tissue may be of clinical significance to enhance the drug effectiveness and life

style of the patient. Aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of Whey Preparation (WP) on the maintenance of steadiness

of oxidative/anti-oxidative components of brain in a rat model exposed to chemotherapeutic stress.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-four adult Wistar rats weighing around 200-250 g were randomly divided in to four

groups (n=6). Effect of oral administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of freshly prepared WP was studied in comparison

with normal control, etoposide and whey preparation administered groups. Activity of Sodium-Potassium ATPase (Na+-

K+-ATPase), Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS), Altered Oxidative Protein Products (AOPP),

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and reduced Glutathione (GSH) in brain tissue were studied. Statistical analysis was

done by ANOVA, p<0.05 was considered as significant.

Results: Results of etoposide induced rat model for chemostress suggests the strong involvement of imbalanced

oxidative parameters. Significant increase in TBARS & AOPP levels, with enhanced MPO activity and decreased activity

of Na+-K+-ATPase enzyme activity with significant drop in Total Antioxidant (TAO) and GSH levels. Observed changes

showed that administration of WP could exert changes in the parameters towards normal.

Conclusion: The outcome of the study shows that WP could be a source of molecule/component which will help to

overcome the consequences of chemotherapy on brain.

Keywords: Chemostress; glutathione; myeloperoxidase; total antioxidant.



Association of vitamin D status with pulmonary function in adult asthmatics

Reeta Rajagambeeram1, Abilash Muralidaran2, Pajanivel Ranganadin3, Ramesh Ramasamy4

1Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, 2Compulsory Rotatory Residential Intern 3Professor, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, SBV,

Puducherry, India 4Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research

(JIPMER), Puducherry, India

(Received: June 2019 Revised: August 2019 Accepted: September 2019)

Corresponding author: Reeta R. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: The role of calcitriol in physiological and pathophysiological processes has been

recognized in the last couple of years. It plays an important role in immune regulation through interactions with

vitamin D receptors (VDRs) expressed on airway immune cells, regulating the transcription of genes of

inflammation and immunomodulation. Higher calcitriol concentrations have been associated with better pulmonary

function. This study was planned to find whether there is an association between the serum vitamin D levels and

pulmonary function.

Materials and Methods: Sixty adults with asthma attending the outpatient department of pulmonary medicine and

thirty healthy controls were included in the study. This case–control study was carried out in a tertiary health care

hospital. The subjects were diagnosed according to GINA guidelines and grouped into three groups 1 constituted

healthy controls, 2 and 3 included subjects with well controlled and uncontrolled asthma/acute exacerbation of

asthma respectively. Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D, calcium, phosphate and pulmonary function test were measured

and compared between the groups. One way ANOVA was used to compare the means of the parameters. Pearson’s

correlation analysis was used to find the correlation between vitamin D and pulmonary function test.

Results: This study documents high vitamin D levels in well controlled asthma when compared to uncontrolled

group (p<0.05). We also observed significant positive correlation of vitamin D with FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio.

Conclusion: Vitamin D levels are significantly high in the well-controlled asthma patients when compared to

uncontrolled group with a positive correlation between the vitamin D levels and pulmonary function test. This

indicates that an increased vitamin D level is associated with a good pulmonary function.

Keywords: Asthma; pulmonary function test; vitamin D.



Assessment of correlation between oxidative stress with erythrocyte indicators and iron stores

in iron deficiency anemia of pregnancy

Gayathri G. Nair1, Shruti Saraf 2, Sheela Mallikarjun Kodliwadmath3, Mallikarjun Veerbadhrappa

Kodliwadmath4

1Department of Biochemistry, Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Trivandrum, Kerala, India 2Department of Biochemistry, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur, Karnataka, India

3Professor and Head, Department of OBG, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur, Karnataka, India 4Professor & Head Department of Biochemistry, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur, Karnataka, India

(Received: June 2019 Revised: July 2019 Accepted: August 2019)

Corresponding author: Gayathri G. Nair. E mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: In India due to poor socioeconomic status and high prevalence of worm infestations iron

deficiency anemia (IDA) is highly prevalent. Pregnancy is a physiological state which can easily slip into iron

deficiency anemia if proper iron reserves are not maintained. Pregnancy is a condition with increased metabolic rate

and hence there is a proportional demand for oxygen. The delicate balance between prooxidants and antioxidants can

be deregulated and easily slip into oxidative stress. Serum ferritin is an indicator for actual iron stores in our body.

Erythrocyte indices an indicator of hematological status of the body. Keeping this in view the present study is

undertaken to correlate the extent of oxidative stress in form of MDA (malondialdhyde) with that of Iron stores and

hematological status in anemia of pregnancy.

Materials and Methods: The present study comprised 25 cases Iron deficiency anemia of pregnancy, 25 healthy

pregnant women and 25 healthy women as control. Age ranges from 18 -35 years.

Results: There was a significant increase in the mean MDA levels in cases (6.96 + 1.69) than pregnant controls (4.63+

1.55) and in non pregnant healthy controls (3.65 +1.08). The mean serum Ferritin levels in cases was 8.3 + 7.94 ng/ml,

in pregnant controls 39.10 +13.68 ng/ml and in healthy controls was 61.05+ 25.29 ng/ml. The mean + S.D. of Hb in

cases, pregnant controls and non pregnant controls were 7.45+1.08, 11.62+0.88 and 12.44+0.86g% respectively.

Conclusion: In country like India with high prevalence of nutritional deficiency, there is an increase in oxidative stress

due to iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. Prophylactic and therapeutic iron administration during preconception and

all stages of gestation to attenuate oxidative stress and improve outcome of pregnancy needs consideration.

Keywords: Iron; iron deficiency anemia; oxidative stress; malondialdehyde; serum ferritin; hemoglobin; erythrocyte

indices.



Assessment of knowledge, attitude and perception regarding the biological hazards and

radiological protection among the undergraduates, post graduates and interns

Mukundh Chaithanya V.1 and Uma Maheswari T. N.2

1Postgraduate Student, 2Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and

Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India

(Received: April 2019 Revised: July 2019 Accepted: August 2019)

Corresponding author: Uma Maheswari T. N. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Dental radiological-imaging benefits patients, but it also carries potential harm from ionizing

type of radiation. A dentist should have thorough knowledge towards the biological hazards of x- ray and different

protection protocols.

Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed on 108 participants in the department of

oral medicine and radiology of Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai. The responders were classified to 49

undergraduate dental students, 6 interns and 53 post graduate dentists. This study was done via an electronic online

questionnaire survey with the help of google Form, then this form was shared via email and social media to all the

participants.

Results: The overall correct response in the study is around 36.9%. The results that has been obtained from this

study showed that there is a lesser level of knowledge, perception or attitude amongst the college students or dentists

of this particular group which clearly emphasises on a better methods of making the students learn the basics such as

radiation biology, radiation protection and radiation physics, if not, at least the basics of x-rays and its effects which

can enable a practitioner to understand the ill effects of radiation and what can be done to avert such effects.

Conclusion: This study concludes that better emphasis is required on knowledge of radiation protection and

technique among health care professionals. Workshops and programs should be conducted to educate the health care

professional on various guidelines on radiation protection.

Keywords: Radiation protection; KAP; students; biological effects.




Comparison of clinical and antimicrobial effects of Triphala mouthwash with

Chlorhexidine mouthwash in generalised chronic periodontitis patients - A clinical study

Madhumathi D.1 and Sheeja Varghese2

1Intern, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai-600 077, Tamil Nadu, India

2Professor, Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai Tamil Nadu, India

(Received: May 2019 Revised: July 2019 Accepted: August 2019)

Corresponding author: Madhumathi D. E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Aim: Triphala is one of the herbal mouthwashes which has an extensive property on periodontal diseases. This study

compares the clinical and antimicrobial effects of Triphala mouthwash with chlorhexidine mouthwash in generalised

chronic periodontitis patients.

Materials and Methods: A clinical trial was conducted from the outpatient Department of Saveetha Dental College

and Hospital. Thirty patients with generalised chronic periodontitis were selected, according to AAP classification

of periodontal diseases. Clinical baseline parameters, Plaque index and gingival index were recorded followed by

plaque sample collection to record the baseline microbiological analysis. Supragingival and subgingival scaling were

done. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups; Group-A: 15 patients were given with Triphala mouthwash

and Group-B: 15 patients were given with Chlorhexidine mouthwash. All the patients were reviewed after 15 days.

Results: In a group A (CHX) patients, plaque index on the day 1 and 15 was 1.67 ± 0.13 and 1.21 ± 0.36 respectively.

Gingival index on the day 1 and 15 was 1.61 ±0.76 and 1.47 ±0.13. Bacterial colony count on the day 1 and 15 was

649.5 and 362.3 respectively. In the group B (Triphala) patients, plaque index on the day1 and 15 was 1.63 ±1.17

and 1.46±0.29 respectively .Gingival index on the day 1and 15 was 1.62±0.61 and 1.25±0.71 respectively. Bacterial

colony count on the day 1 and 15 was 651.4 and 385.1 respectively.

Conclusion: The results show Triphala and chlorhexidine were effective in reducing plaque formation and gingival

inflammation individually Triphala was more effective in reducing gingivitis and chlorhexidine was effective in

reducing plaque formation.

Keywords: Triphala mouthwash; Chlorhexidine; periodontitis; antiplaque agent; anti- inflammatory agent.



A study of the socio-demographic profile and morbidity pattern among the clay artisans of

Kolkata, India

Rajib Biswas1, Alok Ghosh Chaudhuri2, Amalendu Samanta3

1Professor, Department of Physiology, Himachal Dental College, Sundernagar, Dist. Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India

Secretary and Project coordinator, Foundation for Occupational Health Reform and Developmental Research, Kolkata,

India

2Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, 39 Shankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata, India

3Foundation for Occupational Health Reform and Developmental Research

Kolkata, India


Corresponding author: Rajib Biswas. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: The clay artisans of Kolkata, India, represent an important part of Indian craft sector.

Occupational health status of these clay artisans has never been reported. In this context, a cross- sectional observational

field study was conducted to investigate about the physical, socio - economic, demographic conditions and health status

of the clay artisans.

Materials and Methods: Investigation was conducted on 71 male clay artisans and 47 control subjects from local shops

with similar age group. Information was collected through personal interview and questionnaire survey.

Results: Prevalence of morbidity status was higher among the artisans; 57 artisans (80 %) reported about various illnesses

and complaints as compared to 21 (45 %) control subjects. A significantly higher prevalence of musculoskeletal (44 %),

gastrointestinal (38 %), ophthalmic (37%) and respiratory (32%) conditions were reported by the artisans as compared

to the control group. A difference in the prevalence rates was also observed among the younger (<45 year) and older (≥

45 year) artisans. Multiple logistic regressions revealed an association of age, body mass index (BMI), and weekly

working hours with majority of the health complaints.

Conclusion: Majority of the workers have a poor living and working conditions which could possibly explain their

morbidity status. It was felt that the workers had a deep rooted attachment with their profession and were compromising

with the poor living and condition for the sake of their livelihood. Further studies are required to formulate intervention

program, to improve the overall quality of life of these workers.

Keywords: Occupational health; clay artisans; demographic condition; morbidity; informal sector.



Halloysite nanoparticles of detritus from mangrove-estuarine ecosystem: Potential as

antibacterial agents and wound healing activity

Munmun Mallik Ghosh1, Swarnali Das2, Santi M. Mandal3, Susanta K. Chakraborty1

1Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, West Midnapore, India 2Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India

3Central Research Facility, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India


Corresponding author: Santi M. Mandal. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Halloysite nanoparticles are emerging in drug delivery in recent years because of their high

level of biocompatibility. Chronic nonhealing wounds pose a substantial economic burden on health care systems. The

chronic and complicated nature of nonhealing wounds has led to the development of several nanotechnology-based

therapies. The present study aims at finding a suitable biomedical application of the unique shaped halloysites obtained

from the detritus of the estuarine mangrove ecosystem.

Materials and Methods: Halloysite nanoparticles are purified after collecting from the intertidal soils of mangrove-

estuarine ecosystem in eastern India and characterized following standard methods using a transmission electron

microscope, X-Ray Diffraction technique and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. After that boric acid was

conjugated to halloysite because they significantly get loaded into the halloysite nanoparticle and these newly formed

biochemical entities have been observed to increase the antibacterial activity as revealed by scanning electron

microscopic studies.

Results: Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies have revealed that the detritus from the

estuarine mangrove ecosystem contains halloysite nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are rod-shaped and amorphous.

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy has also shown that the particles are halloysite, mainly composed of both

minerogenic (aluminum silicates) as well as organic (humic substances containing phenolic OH) substances. This

halloysite conjugated boric acid is a fast healer of the burn-induced wound in male Swiss albino mice. Results derived

from the release kinetics have highlighted the removal of boric acid totally from the conjugate halloysite within 5

minutes in the presence of 0.5% H2O2.

Conclusion: Thus, this natural biocompatible halloysite particle, chemically identical to kaolinite structure

characterized in having free hydroxyl groups, finds a wide range of nanotechnology-based applications, especially for

capturing drug and sustained release in biomedical applications.

Key words: Nanoparticles; halloysites; mangrove-estuarine ecosystem; detritus; biomedical applications.



Effect of lutein on adipogenesis in 3T3L1 cell line - An in vitro study

Anitha Roy1, Mugilan Maheshwari Ramesh2, Lakshminarayanan Arivarasu3

1Associate Professor,3 Assistant Professor, Dept of Pharmacology, 2Undergraduate Student, Saveetha Dental

College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India


Corresponding author: Lakshminarayanan Arivarasu. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Obesity is one of the greatest public health problems and major risk factor for serious

metabolic diseases and significantly increases the risk of premature death. Excess fat is accumulated in adipocytes

as triglycerides results in elevated triglyceride content in plasma and tissues such as liver and muscle, which leads to

pathological dysfunction of these tissues. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of lutein on

adipogenesis in 3T3L1 cell line.

Materials and Methods: The effect of lutein on triglyceride accumulation during pre – adipocyte/adipocyte

differentiation in vitro was determined. 3T3L1 pre - adipocytes were obtained from NCCS, Pune. To study the effect

of lutein on differentiation, cells were incubated with lutein in different concentration such as 10, 20, 40, 80 and 100

µg/mL from day 0 to day 7. Pioglitazone was used as reference standard. Oil Red O staining was performed, and

photomicroscope evaluation was done to observe the triglyceride accumulation. The stain was further quantified

using multi plate reader at 490nm.

Results: Cells treated with different concentrations of lutein exhibited dose – dependent inhibition of triglyceride

accumulation (P < 0.001) compared to that of control group. Majority of control cells accumulated triglycerides

showed lipid droplets. Standard pioglitazone demonstrated significant (P < 0.001) decrease in triglyceride

accumulation.

Conclusion: This study shows that lutein has significant inhibitory effect on adipogenesis in 3T3L1 cell line. Hence

it may be used to reduce weight gain in obese individuals.

Keywords: Lutein; adipocyte differentiation; triglycerides; cell culture; oil red O staining.



Involvement of imidazoline binding sites in the anticompulsive like activity of ellagic acid

Avik Das1, Asmita Gajbhiye Patil2, Shailendra Patil3

1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Pharmacology, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Ashram More, G.T. Road,

Asansol 713 301 West Bengal, India 2Professor, Dept of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hari Singh Gaur University, Saugor, Madhya Pradesh, India

3Professor and Dean, SVN Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swami Vivekanand University, Saugor, Madhya

Pradesh, India

(Received: August 2019 Revised: August 2019 Accepted: September 2019)

Corresponding author: Avik Das. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Reports supporting a potential role of ellagic acid in the attenuation of obsessive-compulsive

symptoms are relatively sparse. The antidepressant action of ellagic acid is mediated by monoaminergic system which

is infested with imidazoline binding sites. Role of these sites in anticompulsive effect of ellagic acid was thus probed.

Materials and Methods: The mice were divided into respective groups and treated with test drugs or standards as per

protocol. Marble burying test was used for assessing the anticompulsive effect across the groups.

Results: Our study revealed that ellagic acid (200 mg/kg), showed significant anticompulsive activity as reflected by

the decrease in number of marbles buried in comparison to vehicle treated group. The imidazoline agonists’ moxonidine

and 2BFI showed anticompulsive like activity at sub-effective doses viz. 0.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg respectively when

combined with sub-effective dose of ellagic acid (100 mg/kg). The antagonists, Efaroxan and Idazoxan, though did not

show any significant blockade in anticompulsive activity alone, showed the same in combination with ellagic acid (200

mg/kg).

Conclusion: Hence it can be opined that ellagic acid shows anticompulsive action in a dose dependent manner in which

the Imidazoline binding sites may have a significant role.

Keywords: Anticompulsive; ellagic acid; imidazoline; anxiety.



Effects of virgin coconut oil on renal dysfunction in alloxan induced diabetic rats on

biochemical and histological parameters

Aishani 1, Rekha Durgadas Kini2, Nayanatara Arunkumar2, Bhagyalakshmi K.2, Vandana Blossom3

1MBBS Student, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Karnataka,

India 2Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE),

Karnataka, India 3Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE),

Karnataka, India


Corresponding author: Rekha D. Kini. Email: rekha.kini @manipal.edu

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by excess glucose in the blood due to defects in

insulin secretion, action, or both. Normal fasting blood glucose level in humans ranges between 80–100 mg/dL and in

diabetes this blood glucose level is persistently raised. Renal dysfunction is the reduced capacity of the kidney to excrete

metabolic products which accumulate in the body system and can be detected via renal function tests. Diabetic

nephropathy is the leading cause of kidney disease in diabetic patient and is one of leading cause for death. Therefore,

present study was undertaken to see the effect of virgin oil on kidney damage in alloxan induced diabetic rats.

Materials and Methods: Adult male albino rats approximately 150-200 g body weight were taken for the study. Animals

were divided into the 4 groups with 6 rats in each group. After 3 weeks of desired protocol animals were anesthetized

using Pentobarbitone. Blood sample was collected for biochemical estimation like blood glucose, serum urea, creatinine,

BUN and serum electrolytes. Histopathological slides were made for histological parameters. Analysis was done using

the unpaired Student’s‘t’ test. Significance of the test was set at P<0.05.

Results: A significant increase in the blood glucose level was observed in Gr. III. Treatment with virgin coconut oil in

alloxan fed rats reduced the blood glucose level significantly. The level of urea as well as BUN in Gr. III and decreased

in Gr. IV when compared to GR.III. The level of urea and BUN in rats fed with virgin coconut oil in alloxan treated rats

(Gr. IV) was significantly lower compared to GR.III. The virgin coconut oil fed rats (Gr. II) showed the normal

architecture of the kidney. But the photomicrograph of the rats injected with alloxan showed oedematous cells in PCT,

DCT and Bowman’s capsular capillaries. But when the alloxan treated rats were fed with virgin coconut oil kidney

showed almost normal architecture.

Conclusion: Hence, the present study showed that diabetes mellitus induced by alloxan-lead renal dysfunction and can

be significantly reversed by dietary consumption of virgin coconut oil.

Keywords: Diabetes; alloxan; BUN; urea; virgin coconut oil.



Effect of increasing weight on spirometry in young healthy adult female: A study in West

Bengal

Md. Mahboob Alam1 and Bikashendu Samui2

1Associate Professor, 2Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Coochbehar Government Medical College &

Hospital, Coochbehar, West Bengal, India


Corresponding author: Bikashendu Samui. E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and aim: There are conflicting reports on pulmonary function in overweight and obesity. This study was

carried out in healthy young adult female Bengali subjects to evaluate the effect of increasing weight on spirometry.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care centre in eastern India. Body mass

index of the subjects were determined and they were grouped into underweight, normal, overweight and obese.

Spirometric parameters included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1),

FEV1/FVC ratio, forced expiratory flow between 25-75% of vital capacity (FEF25-75%) and peak expiratory flow rate

(PEFR).

Results: Out of 84 female subjects included in the study, 11 were underweight, 64 normal and 9 overweight. All the

subjects were between 18 and 22 yrs. Median height, weight and BMI were 160 cm, 54.1 kg and 21.5 kg/m2

respectively. Median FVC, FEV1 and PEFR were 2.739 L, 2.351 L and 5.048 L/s respectively. There was no

significant difference in any of the respiratory parameters among the underweight, normal and overweight groups.

Median FVC, FEV1 and PEFR were lowest in underweight and highest in overweight group. Weight had significant

positive correlation with FVC, FEV1 and PEFR while BMI had significant positive correlation with FVC and PEFR.

Conclusion: FVC, FEV1 and PEFR tend to increase with increase in weight in normal and overweight range of BMI.

Keywords: Spirometry; FVC; FEV1; Weight; Female.



Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and motor imagery training to improve

gait on sub-acute stroke

Logeshwari Selvaraj1, Sundaram M. S.2, Senthil Selvam P.3, Sakthivel S.4

1Assistant Professor, 2Professor, 3Professor & HOD, 4Graduate, School of Physiotherapy, Vels Institute of Science,

Technology and Advanced Sciences (VISTAS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India


Corresponding author: Logeshwari Selvaraj. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Stroke leads to persistent difficulties in walking and subsequently improved walking

ability is one of the highest priorities in activities of daily living. Motor Imagery leads to excitation of similar areas

of brain which are involved in actual performance of the movements. It has been demonstrated that even simple

passive observation of motor movements activates the cortical motor areas. Hence this study aims to know the

effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) and motor imagery training to improve gait in sub-acute

stroke subject.

Materials and Methods: An experimental study was done for 60 sub-acute stroke patients using Convenient

Sampling method. They were divided into Group A (n=20) (control group), Group B (n=20) (MI and Gait

Training) and Group C (n=20) (PNF and Gait Training), followed up period of 2 months with intervention duration

of 30 mins daily and were assessed with Morse Fall Risk and 10mins walk test. Paired t-Test was used for

assessing pre and post values.

Results: There was a significant difference in Group B & Group C with p<0.001 at both Morse Fall Risk Score and

10 mins walk test.

Conclusion: Group-B Gait training with Motor Imagery Training improved significantly than other groups in

Morse Fall Risk Score, cadence, Stride length, Walking velocity and Ten Minute Walk Test and were able to gain

confidence and had better performance in their activities of daily living.

Keywords: Sub-acute stroke; motor imaginary; PNF; Morse fall risk.



Efficacy of kinesiotaping on ACL injury in kabaddi players

Pavithralochani V.1, Muthukumar V.2, Shoba V.2, Rajkumar S.2

1Assistant Professor, 2Post Graduate Student, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. M. G. R Educational and Research

Institute, Chennai, India


Corresponding author: Pavithralochani V. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Kabaddi is a classical game in India. It is very fast, rough and tough. Body injuries are very

common in it. Like many other sports, it’s a vigorous body contact game. Due to the contact nature of this sport, injury

was relatively common. Ligaments that is most affected by sudden movements in kabaddi is the anterior cruciate

ligament (ACL). Most of the players quit playing kabaddi due to the severity of injury. There is a lot of study done

using kinesiotaping for ligament injuries in various sports. But, study done on kabaddi players is comparatively less

than other sports players. Knee injury is most commonly seen in kabaddi players. This study focuses on reducing pain

and improving the functional ability of knee joint using kinesiotape in kabaddi players. To find the effectiveness of

kinesiotaping on Anterior Cruciate Ligament injury of knee in kabaddi players.

Materials and Methods: Thirty players were selected, based on selection criteria among them 15 players were group

A and 15 players belongs to group B and with the knowledge of the subjects, anterior drawer test was done to assess

the ACL injury. Anterior cruciate ligament quality of life questionnaire was done on pretest followed by intervention of

treatment protocol. Group A undergone Kinesiotaping with knee strengthening exercises and group B undergone knee

strengthening exercise. Posttest was done after 2 weeks using anterior cruciate ligament quality of life questionnaire.

Results: There was a significant difference between two groups was improving the functional ability. In group A

(kinesiotaping with knee strengthening exercise) were more effective than group B (knee strengthening exercise). This

implies that kinesiotaping was more beneficial in improving functional ability.

Keywords: Kabaddi players; kinesiotaping; anterior cruciate ligament injury; knee strengthening exercises.



Impact of trunk muscle endurance on static balance and gender difference among

physiotherapy students in Chennai- A Double blinded study

Rajalaxmi V.1, Nithya M.2, Mohan Kumar G.3, Balathandayutham K.4, Yuvarani G.5, Kamatchi K.6, Tharani

G.7

1,3Professor, 5,6,7Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. M.G.R. Educational & Research Institute

University, Velappanchavadi, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India. 2MSc Advancing Physiotheraphy Practice, Coventry University, UK, England

4Lecturer, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India

(Received: May 2019 Revised: August 2019 Accepted: September 2019)

Corresponding author: Rajalaxmi V. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Trunk muscle fatigue contributes to spinal instability over strenuous and prolonged physical

tasks and therefore may lead to a injury. However from a performance perspective, the relation between endurance

efficient core muscle and optimal balance control has not been well known. The muscles of the core help in controlling

the movements transfer of energy, shifting the body weight and distributing the stress of weight bearing areas. Hence

core muscle training has a significant role in spinal stability. The aim was to analyse the relationship between the trunk

muscle endurance and static balance and also the relationship between trunk muscle endurance and static balance

among male and female population.

Materials and Methods: In this observational study, 400 subjects were included based on the inclusion criteria. In

which 200 male and 200 female students inhabitant of faculty of physiotherapy in Dr. MGR Educational and research

institute took part voluntarily in the study for the duration of 8 months. The single leg stance test, Sorensen test, trunk

flexor endurance test, side bridge exercise test are used as outcome measures.

Results: In females, for the extensor and lateral endurance, the correlation significance is found to be p≤0.05 with

respect to static balance. But in males the positive correlation is found to be only between the extensor and lateral

endurance with static balance. On comparing the results of males and female subjects on the endurance and static

balance test, highly significant difference (p≤0.001) is found between trunk flexor, trunk lateral endurance and static

balance.

Conclusion: This study proves that the trunk extensor and lateral endurance associated with the static balance in males.

In females, the trunk muscle endurance (flexor, extensor and lateral endurance) predicts the static balance. Among the

three trunk muscle endurance, the trunk extensor highly predicts the static balance than others in both the genders.

Keywords: Static balance test; trunk muscle endurance; Sorensen test; side bridge test; trunk flexor endurance test.



Efficacy of cyriax mobilization with kinesiotaping for medial epicondylitis

Kamalakannan M.1, Nesamani2, Shali Sara Helan2, Isabel, Swapna2

1Assistant Professor, 2Bachelor of Physiotherapy, Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, Chennai, India


Corresponding author: Kamalakannan M. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Medial epicondylitis is a tendinitis of the flexor group tendon attached to the medial

epicondyle of the humerus the most sensitive region will be located near the origin of the wrist flexor group

weakness in the hand and the wrist and a numb or tingling feeling in the fingers. The aim of the study was to

determine the effectiveness of cyriax mobilization with Kinesio taping for medial epicondylitis. Objectively

evaluate the effect of cyriax mobilization with Kinesio taping in relieving pain for medial epicondylitis patients. To

improve the quality of life in patients with medial epicondylitis.

Materials and Methods: A total of 20 subjects were selected using convenient sampling technique based on

inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was explained to the patient and written consent was obtained from the

subjects. Subjects were allocated in two groups (group A-10 and group B-10) using an odd-even method of

sampling. The experimental group (A) and control group (B). The experimental group was treated with cyriax

mobilization with Kinesio taping followed by ultrasound therapy and the control group was treated with ultrasound

therapy with conservative management.

Results: From the statistical analysis made with the quantitative data revealed a statistically significant difference

between Group A and Group B and also within the pre-test and post-test values of both the group. Group A- cyriax

mobilization with Kinesio taping followed by conventional therapy has better statistics in pain reduction and

improvement in functional status.

Conclusion: In summary, cyriax mobilization with Kinesio taping followed by conventional therapy proved to be

effective than conventional therapy and Rehabilitation exercise alone in the management of medial epicondylitis.

Keywords: Cyriax mobilization; Kinesio taping; medial epicondylitis; ultrasound therapy.




Effect of maternal underweight on fetal outcome

Geraldin Monteiro1, Anupama N.2, Rekha D. Kini2, Nayanatara A. K. 2, Sneha Shetty2, Vinodini N. A.2,

Bhagyalakshmi K.3

1Resident Doctor, Department of Pain and Palliative Medicine, St John's Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore,

Karnataka, India. 2Associate Professor, 3Professor, Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore Manipal Academy

of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India.

(Received: May 2019 Revised: July 2019 Accepted: September 2019)

Corresponding author: Anupama N. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Nutritional state of the mother before and during pregnancy is one of the important determinants

along with factors like pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy and gestational age which determines

pregnancy outcome. Adequate gestational weight gain contributes for better pregnancy outcomes in both mother and

infants for short- and long-term health.

Materials and Methods: This is an observational study conducted retrospectively over a year comprised 300 pregnant

subjects in their second trimester. Incidence of anemia, preterm labour, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and

neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission were compared in women with various Body Mass index (BMI). Analysis

of the data was done using SPSS version 13 using chi square test and p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Out of 300 subjects, 79 developed anemia, among these 64(81%) were in the underweight category. 49 cases

had a preterm delivery, out of these 49 cases, about 37(75.5%) belonged to the underweight BMI category. 39 cases

delivered an intra-uterine growth retarded baby. Out of these 39 cases, about 25 (64.1%) belonged to the underweight

BMI category. 56 neonates required intensive care unit (NICU) admission, of which 41 (73.2%) neonates born for

underweight BMI mothers.

Conclusion: The high proportions of underweight pregnancies in this study reflects the poor nutritional status. Adverse

effects of maternal low body mass index target the fetus. Adequate weight gain of pregnant woman is an extremely

important factor for the fetal outcome.

Keywords: Low BMI; anemia; fetal outcome; intrauterine growth retardation; pregnancy.



Green synthesis of less toxic Selenium nanoparticles: Their antibacterial, antioxidant and

catalytic activity

Ranjith K.1, Abishad P. M.2, Namratha K.3, Byrappa K.4 and Srinath B. S.5

1,2,5Department of Studies and Research in Microbiology, Mangalore University P.G. Center, Jnana Kaveri Campus,

Kodagu - 571232, Karnataka, India 3Center for Material Science and Technology, Vijnana Bhavan, University of Mysore, Mysore-570006, Karnataka,

India 4Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara, Mandya District, Karnataka- 571448, India


Corresponding author: B. S. Srinath, E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles is an important branch of nanobiotechnology. In recent

years, microbial biosynthesis of nanoparticles is gaining importance due to its simplicity and eco-friendliness.

Materials and Methods: In this study, Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) were synthesized by using the fungi

Fusarium sp. isolated from agricultural soil. Mycosynthesized Se NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrometer and

Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis. Further biosynthesized Se NPs screened for different biological activities

such as antibacterial, antioxidant, hemolysis, cytotoxicity and catalytic activity.

Results: Synthesis Se NPs was preliminary observed by a color change from pale yellow to orange red color and

confirmed by UV peak at 342 nm. The DLS result shows the particles size ranges from 19 to 43 nm.The obtained result

showed that the synthesized Se NPs possess good antibacterial activity against human pathogens such as E. coli,

Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumonia. Further biogenic Se NPs showed less cytotoxicity

on yeast cells and slight hemolysis.

Conclusion: The synthesized Se NPs have good antioxidant property and antibacterial activity with less haemolytic

property these properties lead to use of Se NPs in different biomedical applications. This Se NPs Also showed an

efficient catalytic activity by degrading hazardous dyes such as methylene blue and bromothymol blue.

Keywords: Green synthesis; Selenium nanoparticles; mycosynthesis; DLS; antibacterial activity.



Anti-proliferative effect of Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus from Florida (misnomer) P. florida

(Agaricomycetes) against HeLa and SIHA cervical cancer cells: Mushroom-boon for cancer

therapies

Ravi Kant Pathak1, Deepika Singh2, Krishna Kumar Gupta1, Shweta Maurya1

1Centre of Biotechnology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies (IIDS) University of Allahabad, Prayagraj -211002,

India 2Molecular Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 India


Corresponding author: Ravi Kant Pathak. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: Worldwide, people are suffering from the increased risk of cancer due to change in lifestyle,

feeding habit and quality of food. To overcome this global problem, Mushroom act as a magic wand. The recent

investigations reveal that cancer prevalence is inversely proportional to the intake of mushroom; this is because of its

proteins, vitamins, carbohydrate and antioxidants contents.

Materials and Methods: Among various species of mushrooms, Pleurotus mushrooms are considered as

nutraceuticals i.e. it has nutritional and medicinal values. However, mushroom products and extracts possess

immunomodulating and direct cytotoxic effect on cancer cells.

Results: The results from the present study shows the potential cytotoxic effect of Pleurotus from Florida against

cervical cancer (SIHA) cell line through apoptosis. When SIHA cells were incubated with varying concentration of

methanolic extract of Pleurotus from Florida for time (48 hrs). The MTT assay revealed the cytotoxic activity of

MME of Pleurotus from Florida in a dose dependent manner. The cell cycle analysis of the SIHA cells revealed that

MME of Pleurotus from Florida have anti-cancerous activity.

Conclusion: The study could be concluded as the Pleurotus from Florida extract can be useful in the treatment of

cervical cancers. The chemical compounds present in the P. from Florida might be useful in the development of drug

for the treatment of cancer patients.

Keywords: Oyster mushroom; Pleurotus; methanolic extract; SIHA cells; HeLa cells; cytotoxic effect; propidium

iodide; medicinal mushroom.



A study of insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell function in diabetics and non-diabetics

Mary Chandrika A.1 and Shanthi B.2

1Assistant Professor,2Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, SreeBalaji Medical College and Hospital,

Chrompet, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

(Received: April 2019 Revised: August 2019 Accepted: September 2019)

Corresponding author: Mary Chandrika A. E-mail:[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Aim: The most common non-communicable disease affecting large population is type 2 diabetes

mellitus. This metabolic disorder is characterized by hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein

metabolism. The causes of diabetes mellitus can vary greatly but always include either defects in insulin secretion of

the pancreas or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced or in both at some point in the

course of the disease.

Materials and Methods: 200 participants who were divided into two groups, non-diabetics with and without family

history of diabetes were involved in this study. The outcomes of fasting plasma glucose, postprandial plasma glucose,

glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma insulin, serum c-peptide, HOMA -IR, HOMA-B were compared between both the

groups.

Results: All these parameters were significantly correlated between the groups with the level of significance p<0.05%.

Non-diabetic off-springs of type 2 diabetes were found to have hyperinsulinemia, increased level of serum c-peptide

level, moderate insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell dysfunction than non-diabetics without the family history of

diabetes. The fasting hyperinsulinemia, known to reflect decreased insulin sensitivity constitute the strongest

independent predictor of type 2 diabetes.

Conclusion: The above findings show that insulin resistance is the primary abnormality in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; insulin resistance; pancreatic function.



Short Communication

Pranayama, a simple counterattack on obesity, via its impact on the serum leptin levels

Gayathri Dilliraj1 and Shanthi B.2

1Tutor, 2Head, Department of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, Chrompet, Chennai- 44,

Tamilnadu, India


Corresponding author: Gayathri Dilliraj. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Overweight (i.e. BMI of 25- 29.9) and Obesity (BMI ≥30) continues to be one of the neglected global health

problems. Leptin is one of the chief adipokines in the body that is basically involved in maintaining a balanced

appetite in association with the various other adipokines like the adiponectin, ghrelin etc., Pranayama is the

simplest and the ancient, dateless, venerable, non- pharmacological intervention that could be potentially used to

maintain a healthy life. To determine how the regular practice of pranayama could significantly alter the deranged

serum leptin levels in the obese. The correlative study was carried out in Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital.

The subjects included were 60 obese student volunteers of 17-19 years with no other known complications. We

measured their serum leptin levels using ELISA method in the central laboratory, both before and after the

pranayama training for 6 months. After 6 months of regular pranayama practice, there was a significant decrease

in both their serum leptin levels and their BMI as well. Thus, it was concluded that we can potentially turn off our

fat switch by beneficially reducing the serum leptin levels and enhancing the leptin receptor sensitivity in the obese

with the regular practice of pranayama.

Keywords: Obesity; pranayama; serum leptin.



Case Reports

Candidial leukoplakia- Case series

Mukundh Chaithanya V.1 and Uma Maheswari T. N.2

1Postgraduate Student, 2Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and

Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University,162, Poonamalee High Road,

Chennai-600 077, Tamilnadu

(Received: May 2019 Revised: August 2019 Accepted: September 2019)

Corresponding author: Uma Maheswari T. N. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

One of the most common potentially malignant disorder is Oral leukoplakia. The word “leukoplakia” means white

patch. WHO terms “leukoplakia” as, a white plaque of questionable risk having excluded. Candida is one the most

common commensal in the oral cavity, the presence of candida is seen commonly in both normal and patients with

pathology alike, but some studies have shown to have an increase in levels of candida in patients with potentially

malignant disorders. This case series shows that the levels of Candida has a strong relation with the levels of dysplasia

in patients with leukoplakia, out of 3 patients who have been diagnosed with Leukoplakia, 2 have been proven to have

the presence of candida with the level of dysplasia being moderate, while there is an absence of candida in patients

with mild dysplasia. Since this is a case series, further studies have to be done to prove that candida is present in

majority of cases with oral dysplasia.

Keywords: Candida; Leukoplakia; Dysplasia.



Ultrasound therapy and taping in lactating mothers with breast engorgement

Sowmya M. V.1 and Indrani D.2

1Assistant Professor, 2Post Graduate, Urology and Obstetrics, Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, Saveetha Institute of

Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India


Corresponding author: Indrani D. Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Breast engorgement is commonly encountered in lactating mothers, it is defined as the swelling and distension of

breast, usually in the early days of initiation of lactation, due to vascular dilation as well as the arrival of the milk. It is

the painful overfilling of the breasts with milk. This is usually caused by an imbalance between milk supply and infant

demand. Early breast fullness occurs as milk supply develops and while new born has an irregular breast-feeding

routine. Then normal fullness is caused by the milk and extra blood and fluids in the breasts as body uses the extra

fluids to make breast milk and if baby is not breast-fed for several days then breast engorgement can occur. Twenty

four-year old mother with past medical history of hypothyroid, hypertension and she complained firmness of breast. On

palpation of the breast, tenderness is present. Due to pain, firm and tenderness she was not able to feed her baby. Pain

and engorgement were assessed by using visual analogue scaleand6-point self-rated engorgement scale. After one week

of treatment with ultrasound therapy and taping, there was decrease in breast engorgement and pain.

Keywords: Breast engorgement; visual analogue scale; 6-point self-rated engorgement scale; pain; feeding.


Indian Association of Biomedical Scientists Office Bearers, 2018-2021

Office Address: Block 3, F-20, Triveni Apartments, M/S Arun Excello Foundation,

Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu-603104

President…………………………………….. Dr. G. K. Pal, Puducherry.

Immediate Past President……..…………… Dr. T. Thirunalasundari, Tiruchirappalli.

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Treasurer……………………………………. Dr. M. A. Hussain, Chennai.

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Editor-in-Chief……………………………… Dr. Manjula Shantaram, Kodagu.

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