Biolubricants: technical and market survey SURVEY … · Biolubricants: technical and market survey ... The lubricant enables an environmentally-friendly and better ... ARCHER DANIELS

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Biolubricants: technical and market survey -- August 2008

Biolubricants: technical and market survey

SURVEY 4: August 2008

PATENTS: new patents on biolubs (C10M) since January 2008 107-143 LEGISLATION: when regulations push the market 144 MARKETS: from the marketplace (but nobody knows) 145-147 TECHNICAL SIDE: what’s new from lab’s 148-168 ON THE WEB: how your competitors communicate on their biolubs ! 169-171 ECO-LABELS IN EUROPE: who get one ? 172

107 -- PATENT: Biodegradable grease composition using distillation residue generated in production of biodiesel

Patent number: US2008171676 Publication date: 2008-07-17 Inventor: KIM KWANG SOON (KR); LEE MOON SIK (KR) Applicant: Category : C10M101/04 A grease composition using lubricating base oil that is biodegradable by microorganisms in nature and has an affinity to the human body is provided. More particularly, a distillation residue secondarily generated in production of biodiesel from vegetable oil (soybean oil and canola oil) is used as the lubricating base oil. The grease composition is produced by adding 1 to 20 wt % of additives to 100 to 95 wt % of distillation residues, which is generated in production of biodiesel, and 1 to 30 wt % of thickeners.

108 -- PATENT: USE OF O/W EMULSIONS FOR CHAIN LUBRICATION Patent number: US2008108532 Publication date: 2008-05-08 Inventor: KUEPPER DR STEFAN (US); KOHLSTEDDE CHRISTINA (DE); SCHNEIDER MICHAEL (DE) Applicant: ECOLAB INC (US) Category : C10M101 The invention relates to the use of an O/W emulsion, in particular a PIT emulsion, for lubricating conveyor belt systems in food industries as well as a lubricant concentrate based on an O/W emulsion, in particular a PIT emulsion, of wax esters.

109 -- PATENT: vegetable Oil Lubricating Composition Patent number: US2008132434 Publication date: 2008-06-05 Inventor: STUNKEL BRIAN (US); AGUILAR GASTON A (US) Applicant: VANDERBILT CO R T (US) Category : C10M




A lubricating composition includes, in weight %, at least 90 percent of a vegetable oil, and an additive composition including: (a) about 1.5 to 2 percent triphenylphosphorothionate (TPPT), (b) about 0.1 to 3 percent hindered phenolic antioxidant, (c) about 0.05 to 0.25 percent 1-[di(phenyl)aminomethyl]tolutriazole, and (d) about 0.05 to 0.5 percent alkyl succinic acid half ester rust inhibitor.

110 -- PATENT: VEGETABLE LUBRICANT Patent number: JP2008056881 Publication date: 2008-03-13 Inventor: YOSHIMURA HIROBUMI; NONISHI TOSHIJI; INOUCHI NAOYOSHI; NAKAHIGASHI JUN Applicant: NIPPON SANGYO KAGAKU KENKYUSHO Category : C10M PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vegetable lubricant capable of solving various problems caused if a conventional mineral oil-based lubricant or the like is used as an antifriction agent when materials are rubbed with each other, such as poor lubricity, a troublesome work in post-treatment including oil treatment, and an adverse environmental effect. SOLUTION: A lubricant is applied to surfaces of materials so as to reduce friction, if the materials are rubbed with each other. Instead of a conventional mineral oil-based lubricant, a liquid lubricant of a suspension containing an appropriate amount of starch is applied. The lubricant enables an environmentally-friendly and better operation compared to the conventional lubricant.

111 -- PATENT: Process to obtain biolubricants and bioparaffins by hydroprocessing mixtures of wax obtained from renewable resources and waxes of mineral origin

Patent number: US2008132435 Publication date: 2008-06-05 Inventor: FERREIRA FONTES ANITA ELEONORA (BR); NOGUEIRA WLAMIR SOARES (BR); SANTIAGO FERNANDO ANTONIO DUAR (BR); GOMES JEFFERSON ROBERTO (BR) Applicant: PETROLEO BRASILEIRO SA (BR) Category : C10M Process for hydroconversion of loads of mixtures of waxes from renewable resources that may be made up of waxes of mineral origin or waxes of animal origin, that may be used in their pure form or mixed in any proportion, that may optionally be combined with loads of hydrocarbons of mineral origin, as is the case of waxes obtained from petroleum, by industrial treatment. This mixture flow is submitted to a hydrotreatment and hydroisomerization/hydrofinishing process and the referenced process takes place under the usual hydroconversion conditions, in the presence of a hydrogen stream and hydroconversion catalysts, resulting in obtaining products referred to as biolubricants and bioparaffins, that present characteristics of being biodegradable and less of an environmental pollutant.

112 -- PATENT: ENVIRONMENTALLY COMPATIBLE HYDRAULIC FLUID Patent number: EP1899442 Publication date: 2008-03-19 Inventor: DA COSTA DANIEL (US) Applicant: ENBIO IND INC (US) Category : C10M




Environmentally safe and compatible fluids that are useful as lubricants, and especially as hydraulic fluids, in mobile machinery are formulated to be non-contaminating when accidentally contacted with surrounding vegetation, and removable from vegetation by simply washing the vegetation with tap water. The fluids of the invention are polyalkylene glycol-based and having an ethylene oxide to propylene oxide ratio of from about 68:32 to about 78:22.

113 -- PATENT: HYDROGENATION PROCESS AND HIGH MONOENE COMPOSITIONS OBTAINED THEREFRO

Patent number: WO2008048495 Publication date: 2008-04-24 Inventor: SLEETER RONALD T (US) Applicant: ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO (US); SLEETER RONALD T (US) Category : C10M101/04 A hydrogenation process for producing high monoene compositions is disclosed. In particular, a catalyst comprising basic copper carbonate is used for the selective hydrogenation of oils that contain unsaturated fatty acyl components such as unsaturated vegetable oils. Hydrogenation according to the methods of the invention yield high monoene compositions that are useful for industrial applications, such as lubricants.

114 -- PATENT: LUBRICATING COMPOSITION CONTAINING VEGETABLE COMPONENT AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF VEGETABLE COMPONENT

Patent number: RU2319733 Publication date: 2008-03-20 Inventor: KHARLAMOV VADIM VASIL EVICH (RU); TSAR KOV ALEKSANDR VIKTOROVICH (RU) Applicant: INST MASH URAL SKOGO OTDEL ROS (RU) Category : C10M FIELD: technological processes of cold plastic metalworking and machining. SUBSTANCE: proposed composition contains the following components, mass-%: vegetable component (in terms of dry substance), 5-40; triethanol amine, 0.20-0.46; ethylene glycol, 0.60-0.82; sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.20-0.25; sodium hydrophosphate, 0.20-0.25; oxyquinoline, 0.20-0.22; the remainder being water. For preparation of vegetable component, solid fraction of pig manure is preliminarily subjected to washing-off for complete removal of animal excrements, after which extraction by steam condensate is carried out at temperature of 150-170 C and pressure of 0.5-0.7 Mpa continued for 60-120 minutes and then extract is evaporated at temperature of 100-110 C to concentration of 40-70 mass-%. EFFECT: enhanced stability; reduced corrosion activity and toxicity; improved tribological characteristics; facilitated procedure and low cost of method.

115 -- PATENT: COMPOSITION AND METHODS FOR IMPROVED LUBRICATION, POUR POINT, AND FUEL PERFORMANCE

Patent number: JP2008523237T Publication date: 2008-07-03 Inventor: Applicant: Category : C10M101




An additive includes polyalphaolefin (PAO), a calcium source, and one or more plant oils from, or components derived from, beans, seeds, or roots, such as castor oil, jojoba oil, rape (canola) seed oil, palm oil, coconut oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, etc.. The preferred composition of matter comprises a calcium source, PAO, castor oil, jojoba oil, and a soy methyl ester and/or rape seed oil/ester. The additive may be used in fuels that improve combustion engine performance in terms of efficiency and emissions. The additive may be used in lubricants that improve performance of both ferrous and non-ferrous metal components of engines, guns, or other machinery. The additive also may be used in cutting fluids for machining and fabrication. Used in conjunction with other additives, embodiments of the invention may be used to lower pour points in oils, esters and other similar products.

116 -- PATENT: Lubricant compositions stabilized with multiple antioxidants Patent number: JP2008523203T Publication date: 2008-07-03 Inventor: Applicant: Category : C10M101/04 A lubricant composition is disclosed that comprises lubricating oil and a mixture of at least two antioxidants, the first antioxidant being a secondary diarylamine and the second antioxidant being a substituted para-phenylenediamine. Also disclosed is a method of increasing the oxidation stability of a lubricating oil comprising adding thereto at least two antioxidants, the first antioxidant being a secondary diarylamine and the second antioxidant being a substituted para-phenylenediamine.

117 -- PATENT: METAL PROCESSING EMULSIFYING CONCENTRATE Patent number: RO121695 Publication date: 2008-02-28 Inventor: CIRA LIANA (RO); MATEI GEORGETA MARIA (RO); FRAENCU RADU (RO); POPESCU DANIELA (RO); ENE DORINA (RO); IOV TEODOR (RO) Applicant: ICERP SA (RO) Category : C10M101/04 The invention relates to an emulsifying concentrate for metal processing. According to the invention, the concentrate comprises 20...90% mineral, vegetable or synthetic oil, 0.1...20% a condensation product for a vegetable oil containing unsaturated fatty acids with maleic anhydride and nonylphenol ethoxylate having 3...12 ethoxy groups, 2...15% a triethanolammonium salt of the nonylphenolethoxyphthalic acid having 3...12 ethoxy groups, 0.01...20% chlorinated paraffin with at least 40% chloride, 0.01...10% ethanolamines, 0.01...10% petroleum or synthetic sodium sulphonates, 0.01...5% industrial oleic acid, 0.5...15% reaction product of a mixture of fatty acids having 14 to 20 carbon atoms with monoethanolamine and triethanolamine, 1...5% nonylphenol ethoxylate having 3...12 ethoxy groups, 0.01...10% sodium hydroxide solution in a concentration of 30% and 0.001...2% triazine biocides or isothiazolin-3-one biocides, the percentage being expressed by weight.

118 -- PATENT: Special-purpose lubricating agent Patent number: CN101104830 Publication date: 2008-01-16 Inventor: PENG LIU (CN); YUANHONG LI (CN); FENG SHI (CN); QINGRI WANG (CN); SHANGJUN DU (CN); LI ZHAO (CN); HUI SUN (CN); LIANG WANG (CN) Applicant: ANSHAN HAIHUA GREASE CHEMICAL (CN)




Category : C10M The invention relates to a special lubricant named as HP800 Special Lubricant which is used for the open gear and support roller that are oiled by injection method. The lubricant takes composite calcium sulphonate and composite aluminium as the thickener; the base oil of the lubricant is synthetic oil; and in addition tackifier, extreme pressure agent and antioxidant are also added in. Wherein the weight-portion of each component are: the base oil: 50-64, the thickener: 20, the tackifier :5-10, the extreme pressure agent: 10-25,and the antioxidant: 1. The invention is suitable for lubrication of the open gear, the support roller of all kinds of umbrella ball mill, mixer, rotary kiln, imported umbrella excavator, crusher, and coal grinding machine; and has very high extreme-pressure performance, excellent viscosity and protection performance, thereby the invention can substitute import products of the same kind and has the advantages of thick oil-film, non-oil-swinging and environmental-protection.

119 -- PATENT: 1,3-Dithiolane-2-thione additives for lubricants and fuels Patent number: JP2008518081T Publication date: 2008-05-29 Inventor: Applicant: Category : C10M101/04 Fuels, especially hydrocarbon fuels, and lubricants, especially lubricating oils, contain a class of anti-corrosion, anti-wear, anti-fatigue, and extreme pressure additives that are derived from 1,3-dithiolane-2-thiones.

120 -- PATENT: Epoxidized ester additives for reducing lead corrosion in lubricants and fuels

Patent number: JP2008518080T Publication date: 2008-05-29 Inventor: Applicant: Category : C10M101/04 Fuels, especially hydrocarbon fuels, and lubricants, especially lubricating oils, contain a class of anti-corrosion, anti-fatigue, and anti-wear additives that are derived epoxidized esters of fatty acids. Epoxidized 2-ethylhexyl tallate is particularly effective.

121 -- PATENT: CORROSION INHIBITION Patent number: JP2008518059T Publication date: 2008-05-29 Inventor: Applicant: Category : C10M101/04 The present invention provides a lubricating composition containing (a) an oil of lubricating viscosity; (b) a corrosion inhibitor; and (c) an antiwear agent comprising at least one of (i) polyhydric alcohol with oxyalkylene groups, (ii) a fatty amine, or (iii) mixtures thereof, wherein the lubricating composition has a total sulphated ash content of less than 0.8 wt %. The invention further provides for the use of the lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine.




122 -- PATENT: PROCESS FOR PREPARING POLYMERS AND COMPOSITIONS THEREOF

Patent number: JP2008518051T Publication date: 2008-05-29 Inventor: Applicant: Category : C10M101/04 The present invention provides a process for preparing a polymer, employing the steps of: (1) contacting a free radical initiator; a chain transfer agent containing a thiocarbonyl thio group and a free radical leaving group; and a radically polymerisable monomer, to form a polymer chain; and (2) contacting the polymer chain of step (1) with at least one of a polyvalent coupling agent, a polymerisation inhibitor, a grafting acylating agent, an amine and an oil of lubricating viscosity. The invention further provides compositions and uses for the polymer.

123 -- PATENT: LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SULPHONATES Patent number: JP2008516049T Publication date: 2008-05-29 Inventor: Applicant: Category : C10M101/04 A lubricating composition containing (a) a detergent package containing (i) an oligomeric reaction product of (1) a hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol; (2) an aldehyde; and (3) a carboxyl-substituted phenol or a carboxyl-substituted phenylamine; and salts of the reaction product; (ii) a sulphonate; and (iii) optionally a phenate; (b) a dispersant; and (c) an oil of lubricating viscosity, wherein the sulphonate detergent is overbased with a metal ratio of about 12.5:1 to about 40:1. The composition is suitable for internal combustion engines, particularly marine diesel applications to provide improved cleanliness properties, antiwear performance or deposit control.

124 -- PATENT: Method for lubricating a continuously variable transmission Patent number: Publication date: Inventor: Applicant: Category : C10M101/04 Continuously variable transmissions are lubricated by supplying to the transmission a composition of an oil of lubricating viscosity and an oil-soluble zinc salt containing at least one hydrocarbyl group of at least 4 carbon atoms. The amount of the zinc salt is sufficient to provide an increased steel-on-steel dynamic coefficient of friction for the composition, being at least 0.125. The composition is substantially free from thiophosphate salts and exhibits a copper corrosion rating of 1B or better (ASTM-130).

125 -- PATENT: LUBRICANT COMPOSITION Patent number: JP2008069359 Publication date: 2008-03-27 Inventor: BABA ZENJI; HANIYUDA KIYOSHI Applicant: SHOWA SHELL SEKIYU Category : C10M101/04




PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lubricant composition that causes no reduction of the extreme-pressure property, and has good wear resistance and extreme-pressure property. SOLUTION: Provided is a lubricant composition that comprises (a) 0.01 to 5.0 wt.% based on the total weight of the lubricant oil, of a dialkyl acidic phosphoric ester containing one hydroxy group, (b) 1/10 to 2.0 moles, based on the molar number of the component (a), of 4 to 22C saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups, at least one kind of amine having an ethylene oxide group, and a base oil selected from the group consisting of a mineral oil, a plant oil, a synthetic ester and a synthetic hydrocarbon oil, and is a lubricant oil being excellent in the extreme-pressure property, rust preventive property and the stability to the contamination of a different oil (not including a hydrofluorocarbon), characterized in that the composition passes the rust prevention test (in the case that distilled water is added) and achieves a step of the rejection load in the FZG gear test of 10 or more.

126 -- PATENT: LUBRICATING GREASE COMPOSITION Patent number: JP2008063491 Publication date: 2008-03-21 Inventor: OZAKI KOYO; NUMAZAWA KOICHI Applicant: SHOWA SHELL SEKIYU Category : C10M101/04 PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve adaptability of a lubricating grease composition applied to lubrication spots requiring extreme pressure properties and sealing resistance under high loads of various machines, with sealing materials, together with its extreme pressure properties. SOLUTION: The lubricating grease composition is prepared by incorporating 0.1-3 wt.% molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate, 0.1-3 wt.% at least one species of benzothiazole compounds such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide, N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide, N-oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide or 2-(4-morpholinyldithio)benzothiazole and 0.1-3 wt.% calcium sulfonate into grease prepared by blending a thickener with a base oil.

127 -- PATENT: METHOD FOR FORMING TETRAOXY-SILANE DERIVED ANTIWEAR FILM AND LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION THEREFOR

Patent number: JP2008056930 Publication date: 2008-03-13 Inventor: YAMAGUCHI ELAINE S; NG KAM-SIK Applicant: CHEVRON ORONITE CO LLC Category : C10M101/04 PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-phosphorus and non-sulfur additive suitable for use as an antiwear additive, an antifatigue additive, and an extreme pressure agent, and a method for using these additives in a lubricating oil composition. SOLUTION: The method for forming an antiwear film on an internal engine component comprises: a step for contacting a surface of an internal wearing component of the engine with a tetra-functional hydrolyzable silane compound of the general formula: Si-X<SB>4</SB>(wherein, X is independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, an alkoxy, an aryloxy, an acyloxy, amino, a monoalkyl amino and a dialkyl amino) or a hydrolysis product thereof; and a step for hydrolyzing and condensing the




tetra-functional silane to thereby form a film. The mixed silane film and the products produced by these methods are also provided.

128 -- PATENT: LUBRICATING OIL FOR COLD ROLLING OIL FOR STEEL SHEET Patent number: JP2008037928 Publication date: 2008-02-21 Inventor: ICHIMOTO TAKEHIKO; KAWASHITA KOICHI Applicant: KAO CORP Category : C10M101/04 PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lubricating oil for cold rolling oil for steel sheet satisfying lubricating performance, washability and accumulated scum reducing property including low temperature atmosphere in high speed rolling, especially in continuous high speed rolling. SOLUTION: The lubricating oil for cold rolling oil for steel sheet comprises (a) 3-20 wt.%. of a mineral oil and at least one kind of monoesters obtained from 12-22C aliphatic carboxylic acid and 1-12C aliphatic alcohol, (b) 55-85 wt.%. of oils and fats, (c) 5-20 wt.%. of composite esters obtained by esterification of a residual carboxyl group or hydroxyl group of a partial ester which is obtained from at least one selected from a group comprising a 16-22C dimer acid and polymer acid and polyols, with a monovalent alcohol or a monovalent aliphatic acid, and (d) 0.1-3%.wt. of a water soluble macromolecular compound including a specific amino based monomer and having 10,000-1,000,000 of weight average molecular weight.

129 -- PATENT: PFLANZEN, SAMEN UND ÖLE MIT ERHÖHTEM GESAMTGEHALT AN EINFACHGESÄTTIGTEN FETTSÄUREN

Patent number: AT388234T Publication date: 2008-03-15 Inventor: KODALI DHARMA (US); FAN ZHEGONG (US); DEBONTE LORIN (US) Applicant: CARGILL INC (US) Category : C10M101/04 No abstract.

130 -- PATENT: LUBRICANT COMPOSITION Patent number: JP2008024937 Publication date: 2008-02-07 Inventor: GRAY CHRISTOPHER; SHAW ROBERT WILLIAM; BOESE DOYLE HAROLD Applicant: INFINEUM INTERNATL LTD Category : C10M101/04 PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lubricant composition for an internal combustion engine having a low P content, a low S content, a low sulfated ash content and a low chlorine content and being improved in the cam and lifter wear, the amount of deposits on piston and/or the lubricant viscosity. SOLUTION: Provided is the lubricant composition for an internal combustion engine having a P content of <=0.09 mass%, an S content of <=0.3 mass% and a sulfated ash content of <=1 mass% and containing the following additives: at least one nitrogen-containing ashless derivative of a mono- or dicarboxylic acid substituted with a polyalkenyl, an acid anhydride or ester thereof which, as a sole nitrogen-containing ashless dispersant, gives nitrogen of 0.03-0.07 mass% in the lubricant composition (the




mono- or dicarboxylic acid substituted with the polyalkeny, the acid anhydride or ester thereof is produced from polyalkane solely by the thermal ene reaction); at least one overbased alkali earth metal sulfonate as a sole overbased metal detergent; and at least one viscosity improver.

131 -- PATENT: METALWORKING OIL COMPOSITION, METALWORKING METHOD AND METAL WORKPIECE

Patent number: JP2008007700 Publication date: 2008-01-17 Inventor: GOTO KOICHI; TAKEDA KAZUYOSHI; NIWA EIJI Applicant: KYODO YUSHI Category : C10M101/04 PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil composition excellent in a lubricating property and a rust preventing property, which is suitable to process a metal material such as cast iron, steel, stainless steel, or a nonferrous metal (an Al alloy or Mg alloy) by a metalworking technique of a trace oil feed type; a metalworking method; and a metal workpiece. SOLUTION: The oil composition used for a metalworking technique of the trace oil feed type contains a base oil selected from the group consisting of natural oils and fats, derivatives thereof and synthetic ester oils, a sorbitan fatty acid ester and a phospholipid. A metalworking method and a metal workpiece using the same are also provided.

132 -- PATENT: COLD-ROLLING OIL COMPOSITION FOR ULTRATHIN STEEL SHEET

Patent number: JP2008007544 Publication date: 2008-01-17 Inventor: SETOGUCHI SHIGERU; YASUDA TETSUO; TAKENO KENSUKE; ITO HARUYUKI; KONNO TAKANORI; WAKIMOTO MASAYA; YAKUSHIJI MITSUO; NAKAMURA SHUJI; ISO AKIHIRO Applicant: NIPPON STEEL CORP; DAIDO CHEM IND CO LTD Category : C10M101/04 PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling oil composition which allows the emulsion to be stable, which has uniform adherability, which shows the effect of reducing the basic unit of the rolling oil while enhancing the efficiency of adherence, which excels in the sheet surface cleansing property, which causes little fouling around a rolling mill, and which can endure severe rolling conditions. SOLUTION: The cold-rolling oil composition for ultrathin steel sheets contains (a) 100 pts.wt. of at least one base oil selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, animal and plant oils/fats and synthetic esters, (b) 0.1-5 pts.wt. of a nonionic surfactant having an 8-18 HLB, (c) 0.1-20 pts.wt. of an ethylene oxide addition product of a secondary alcohol, and (d) 0.2-5 pts.wt. of a polymeric nonionic surfactant represented by formula (1): R-O-(AO)<SB>p</SB>-(BO)<SB>q</SB>-(AO)<SB>r</SB>-R (1) (wherein R indicates an acyl group of the dimer to hexamer of an 18C hydroxy carboxylic acid; A indicates an ethylene group; B indicates a propylene group; p+r is 5-200; and q is an integer of 0-70).

133 -- PATENT : Metal Working Fluid Patent number: US2008026967 Publication date: 2008-01-31 Inventor: SUDA SATOSHI (JP); YOKOTA HIDEO (JP); IBI MASANORI (JP) Applicant: NIPPON OIL CORP (JP)




Category : C10M101/04 A first oil for metal working of the invention comprises an ester oil and a hydrocarbon oil with a kinematic viscosity of 1-20 mm<2>/s at 40 DEG C. A second oil for metal working of the invention employs an ester oil as the base oil and has a moisture content of 200-20,000 ppm. The first and second oils for metal working have excellent properties as water-insoluble oils for non-ferrous metal working and as oils for cutting and grinding in a minimum quantity lubrication system, and can therefore achieve improved working efficiency and extended tool life.

134 -- PATENT: LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION FOR ENGINE Patent number: JP2008031289 Publication date: 2008-02-14 Inventor: HANIYUDA KIYOSHI; NAGATOMI ETSUSHI Applicant: SHOWA SHELL SEKIYU; PETROLEUM ENERGY CENTER FOUND Category : C10M101/04 PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a lubricating oil composition for engines capable of extensively improving oxidation stability. SOLUTION: The lubricating oil composition for engines is prepared by blending a lubricating base oil of a mineral oil, a synthetic oil or a mixture of them, a polyalkylenepolyamide (A) obtained by reacting a polyalkylenepolyamine represented by the following formula (1) with at least one monocarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of a saturated monocarboxylic acid having 12-30 carbon atoms and an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having 18-24 carbon atoms, and an aromatic amine oxidation inhibitor (B): H<SB>2</SB>N-(R<SP>1</SP>-NH)mH (1), where R<SP>1</SP>is an alkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 2-6. The oil composition has no ash, no phosphorous, no sulfur content so that the oxidation stability of an engine oil can be enhanced.

135 -- PATENT: LUBRICANT COMPOSITION Patent number: JP2008024936 Publication date: 2008-02-07 Inventor: DIGGS NANCY Z; JOSE A GUTIERREZ; ALESSI MICHAEL L Applicant: INFINEUM INTERNATL LTD Category : C10M101/04 PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: to provide a lubricant composition which exhibits an excellent wear resistant performance with a reduced level ZDDP in diesel engines. SOLUTION: The present invention provides a lubricant composition, more concretely a lubricant composition for heavy duty diesel (HDD) engines, having a sulfated ash content of <=1.0 mass%, a sulfur content of <=0.4 mass%, a phosphorus content of <=0.12 mass%, and TBN of about 7 to about 15. The lubricant composition comprises a major amount of an oil having lubricating viscosity, at least 0.5 mass% of an ashless antioxidant selected from the group consisting of a sulfur-free phenolic antioxidant, an amine-based antioxidant and their mixture, and a small amount of a perbasic magnesium cleaner. At least about 60% of TBN given to the lubricant composition by the perbasic metal cleaner is given by the perbasic magnesium cleaner.




136 -- PATENT: LUBRICANT ADDITIVE COMPOSITION SUITABLE FOR LUBRICATING, PREVENTING DEPOSIT FORMATION, OR CLEAN-UP OF TWO-STROKE ENGINES

Patent number: JP2008505219T Publication date: 2008-02-21 Inventor: Applicant: Category : C10M101/04 A lubricant composition with a total nitrogen content of 0.1 to 0.25 percent by weight suitable for lubricating a two-stroke engine comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity, a synthetic ester, at least one condensation product of a fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms with a polyamine, and a Mannich dispersant.

137 -- PATENT: Stabilized lubricant compositions Patent number: JP2008514780T Publication date: 2008-05-08 Inventor: Applicant: Category : C10M101/04 A stabilized lubricant composition is disclosed that comprises lubricating oil and a mixture of (a) at least one organophosphite compound and (b) at least one aromatic secondary amine or one substituted phenol or mixtures thereof. The compositions have been found to be highly resistant to oxidation under demanding service conditions and to be useful as turbine lubricants.

138 -- PATENT: USE OF A RAPESEED OIL IN BIOLUBRICANTS Patent number: EP1899441 Publication date: 2008-03-19 Inventor: DESPEGHEL JEAN-PIERRE (FR) Applicant: MONSANTO S A S (FR) Category : C10M101/04 The present invention relates to the use of a rapeseed oil as base fluid in (bio)-lubricant. The present invention also relates to the use of alkylesters derived from rapeseed oil as base fluid in (bio)-lubricant.

139 -- PATENT: Synthetic high-temperature lubricant for chains in film stretching units comprises a synthetic base oil comprising a trimellitate ester, a polyol ester and a complex ester, and a specified additive package

Patent number: DE102006059835 Publication date: 2008-03-27 Inventor: HOLLMANN ALFRED (DE) Applicant: ADDINOL LUBE OIL GMBH (DE) Category : C10M Synthetic high-temperature lubricant for chains in film stretching units comprises a synthetic base oil comprising a trimellitate ester, a polyol ester and a complex ester, and an additive package comprising selected corrosion inhibitors and extreme pressure




additives, antioxidants, nonferrous metal deactivators and antiwear agents. Synthetic high-temperature lubricant for chains in film stretching units comprises a synthetic base oil comprising a trimellitate ester, a polyol ester and a complex ester, and an additive package comprising selected corrosion inhibitors and extreme pressure (EP) additives, antioxidants, nonferrous metal deactivators and antiwear agents. The corrosion inhibitors are selected from dicarboxylate esters, succinimide semiesters, alkylated succinimide semiesters, succinimide derivatives, alkylated succinimide derivatives, amine-neutralized succinimide derivatives, phosphate esters of alcohols and phenols, organic phosphates, amine-neutralized phosphate esters, naphthenic acids, diamides, fatty acid amides, sulfonic acids, arylsulfonates, imidazoline derivatives, N-oleyl sarcosine and dodecyl monosuccinimide ester, and the EP additives are selected from phosphate esters, organic phosphates, di- and triphosphate esters, dithiophosphate esters, aminophosphate compounds, alkylated dithiocarbamates, methylenebis(dibutyl dithiocarbamate), sulfides, disulfides and imidazoline.

140 -- PATENT: USE OF POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL ESTERS OF FATTY ACIDS AS LUBRICANTS FOR PLASTICS

Patent number: CA2594153 Publication date: 2008-01-20 Inventor: BRAND ERNST-UDO (DE); DAUTE PETER (DE) Applicant: COGNIS OLEOCHEMICALS GMBH (DE) Category : C10M The invention relates to the use of polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids corresponding to the following formula: R1-CO-O-(CH2-CH2-O)n-OC-R2 (I) in which R1 and R2 independently of one another represent alkyl groups containing 7 to 23 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, and n is a number of 2 to 50, as lubricants in the processing of thermoplastics. <SDOCL LA=EN> CLAIMS 1. Use of polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids corresponding to the following formula: R1-CO-O-(CH2-CH2-O)n-OC-R2 (I) in which R1 and R2 independently of one another represent alkyl groups containing 7 to 23 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, and n is a number of 2 to 50, as lubricants in the processing of thermoplastics. 2. Use claimed in claim 1, wherein n is a number of 2 to 4. 3. Use claimed in claim 1, wherein R1 and R2 independently of one another are saturated alkyl groups containing 7 to 23 carbon atoms. 4. Use claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lubricants are used as internal lubricants. 5. Use of lubricant combinations for thermoplastics containing (a) one or more fatty acid polyethylene glycol esters (I) and (b) one or more additional lubricants (not covered by formula (I)), with the proviso that components (a) and (b) are used in a ratio by weight of 10:90 to 90:10 and preferably 20:80 to 80:20. 6. Use claimed in claim 5, the lubricant combinations being used as internal lubricants.

141 -- PATENT: Water-base type line cutting working liquid Patent number: CN101126048 Publication date: 2008-02-20 Inventor: JIANJUN SHAO (CN) Applicant: SUZHOU BAOMA NC EQUIPMENT CO L (CN) Category : C10M The invention relates to a water-based cutting fluid, comprising water, water-solubility polyether, high-level fatty alcohol, surfactant, extreme pressure additive, anti-corrosion




agent, antiseptic. Compared with the prior art, the invention has better technical performance, longer service life, contains no sodium nitrous acid and unsulfated matter, has no stimulation and toxicity corresponding to the request of environment protection, can be used in cycling, has no oil frog produced, has no corrosion to machine tool and machinery, has strong separation ability, produces no oil contamination and has capacity of anti-rust.

142 -- PATENT: Anti-friction anti-wear lubricant additive Patent number: WO2008054625 Publication date: 2008-05-08 Inventor: ADHVARYU ATANU (US) Applicant: CATERPILLAR INC (US); ADHVARYU ATANU (US) Category : C10M The present disclosure relates to a lubricant additive, and more particularly, to a lubricant additive to improve the anti-friction and anti-wear properties of a lubricant.

143 -- PATENT: Energy-saving environment -friendly aqueous stamping stretch forming agent and method for making same

Patent number: CN101117610 Publication date: 2008-02-06 Inventor: WEIJING FAN (CN) Applicant: WEIJING FAN (CN) The present invention relates to energy saving and environmental friendly aquosity deep stamping and drawing molding agent and its preparation method. The energy saving and environmental friendly aquosity deep stamping and drawing molding agent comprises mixing solution containing rosin, maleic acid and alkyl alcohol amide filming carrier viscose paste and propanetriol, polyvinyl alcohol or polypropenol as well as transparent liquid of potash infiltration extreme pressure agent and foam killer. The preparation method includes: under certain technology condition, the intermediate filming carrier viscose paste and the transparent liquid of potash infiltration extreme pressure agent are synthesized, after being agitated and mixed evenly, the finished product is got. The present invention has the advantages that the renewable resources are utilized, the production cost is low, the technology is simple, and toxic and harmful substances are not contained, the present invention is characterized in that the agent is energy saving, environmental friendly, and lubricating and anti-rusty, and has good cleaning effect, the present inventin can prolong the service life of the mould, improve the surface smoothness of the processing work-piece, and the residue of the processing work-piece is little and is easy for clean water washing. The present invention is suitable for the application in fields of metal processing and molding as well as cutting.

144 -- LEGISLATION: new Forest Code in Wallonia (southern Belgium)

The new Forest Code was adopted on July 15, 2008 by the Walloon parliament. In the decree relating to this new Forest Code, the article 47 provides for "the compulsory use of vegetable oil for chain saw and exploitation equipment in the cases determined by the Government". This new forest code offers the possibility of enforcing the use of vegetable based lubricants for chain saw and forest exploitation equipment. Now, Wallonia waits for the execution orders.




145 -- MARKET: introduction of environmental criteria for oils and greases used in hydraulic works in the Walloon region

In the framework of the action plan relating to the introduction of environmental clause in the public markets in the Walloon region, an environmental clause is being prepared for oils and greases used in hydraulic works. This clause will probably refer to the criteria of the EU Ecolabel (and maybe to other existing ecolabels).

146 -- MARKET: the EU Ecolabel set as the official standard for lubricants in the VAMIL/MIA program in the Netherlands

In January 2008, the Dutch ministry of environment has set the EU ecolabel as the official standard for the lubricants in the VAMIL/MIA program (whereas due to a lack of available EEL products for greases the Blue Angel was taken as the standard). This program allows an accelerated depreciation of environment-investments in equipment that use environmentally friendly lubricants. There were considerable numbers of products and companies that were on the positive list in 2007 thate are no longer on the list in 2008 (see tables below that compare the most recent list of 2007 with the new list of 2008). According to IVAM(a) observations, considerable efforts are undertaken by several Ducth and European companies (including lubricant producers, base oil and additive (package) formulators) to comply with the new standards and apply for the European Ecolabel. (a) The Dutch research and consultancy agency in the field of sustainability, originating from the Interfaculty Environmental Science Department (IVAM) of the Universiteit van Amsterdam




MIA VAMIL Positiv-list (June 2008)




MIA VAMIL Positiv-list (July 2008)




147 -- MARKET: UNI National Ag-Based Lubricants Center Given $1.4 Million Federal Funds For Biobased Lubricants Research

Complete article Available on : http://www.imakenews.com/lubritec/e_article000991604.cfm?x=b11,0,w The National Ag-Based Lubricants (NABL) Center, a program of the University of Northern Iowa's Business and Community Services division has been awarded $1.4 million Federal funds for biobased lubricants research. Within the new budget, the NABL Center has received funding from two federal departments: $1 million from the U.S. Department of Energy and $408,000 from U.S. Department of Agriculture for biobased lubricants research.

148 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Experience with evaluating biodegradability of lubricating base oils

Tribology International, Volume 41, Issue 12, December 2008, Pages 1212-1218 Elżbieta Beran Biodegradability analysis of lubricants by standardised tests provides valuable information for both legislation purposes and assessment of how chemical structure influences biodegradability. The choice of an appropriate test for evaluating the ultimate biodegradability of oils raises serious problems as the majority of lubricating base oils display poor water solubility. The paper summarises the experience gained and the results achieved from the evaluation of primary and ultimate biodegradability of lubricating base oils differing in chemical structure, such as rapeseed oil, synthetic polyolester oils, poly( -olefin) oils (PAO 4 and PAO 6) and the conventional mineral oil. Primary biodegradability was evaluated using the CEC L-33-A-93 test. To evaluate the ultimate biodegradability of oils in an aerobic aquatic environment, use was made of the testing methods OECD 301 B and OECD 310 for ready biodegradability. Oils that fail to fulfil the “ready biodegradability” criterion, e.g. pentaerythrite tetra(sec-capronate) oil (polyolester with steric hindrance around the ester bonds), PAO 4, PAO 6, and mineral oil, were evaluated for inherent biodegradability using the OECD 302 D (draft) test and the OECD 302 B method where the test vessels were prepared via a modified procedure. The oils belonging to this group differred in inherent biodegradability. Thus, PE tetra (sec-capronate) oil reached an extent of biodegradation amounting to 65%, that of PAO 4 and mineral oil being equal to 48% and 38%, respectively. Experiments have shown that ISO 14593 offers a convenient method for evaluating the ready biodegradability of base oils according to OECD 310 and makes it possible to evaluate (with the same apparatus and reagents) the inherent biodegradability of oils when the conditions and criteria recommended by the OECD 302D (draft) CONCAWE test are satisfied.

149 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Ecotoxicity and biodegradability in soil and aqueous media of lubricants used in forestry applications

Bioresource Technology, Volume 99, Issue 17, November 2008, Pages 8492-8496 Christine Cecutti, Dominique Agius The work presented in this article focuses on the environmental impact of hydraulic fluids used in forestry. Migration and biodegradability of three biolubricants and a mineral lubricant were monitored in two forest soils and in a liquid medium. These studies proved that biolubricants were easily degradable products and showed ultimate biodegradability rates significantly higher than those of the fluid of mineral origin, especially in a soil

http://www.imakenews.com/lubritec/e_article000991604.cfm?x=b11,0,w

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V57-4SDFS9D-1&_user=532081&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F2008&_alid=773299479&_rdoc=7&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_cdi=5779&_sort=d&_st=4&_docanchor=&_ct=247&_acct=C000026700&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=532081&md5=59f75137f2bab400c1ed87e8f9afdb8f

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V57-4SDFS9D-1&_user=532081&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F2008&_alid=773299479&_rdoc=7&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_cdi=5779&_sort=d&_st=4&_docanchor=&_ct=247&_acct=C000026700&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=532081&md5=59f75137f2bab400c1ed87e8f9afdb8f

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V24-4SG01BH-1&_user=532081&_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2008&_alid=773299479&_rdoc=9&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_cdi=5692&_sort=d&_st=4&_docanchor=&_ct=247&_acct=C000026700&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=532081&md5=35d74614fd627687e09acbed73b3d5b4

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V24-4SG01BH-1&_user=532081&_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2008&_alid=773299479&_rdoc=9&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_cdi=5692&_sort=d&_st=4&_docanchor=&_ct=247&_acct=C000026700&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=532081&md5=35d74614fd627687e09acbed73b3d5b4




environment. This superiority was even greater when fluid behaviour was observed after 1000 h of use. Ecotoxicity test enabled the classification and comparison of biolubricants and showed that toxicity levels of the biolubricants were never high however, even after use, as compared to petroleum-based fluid.

150 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Effect of thermo-mechanical processing on the rheology of oleogels potentially applicable as biodegradable lubricating greases

Chemical Engineering Research and Design, R. Sánchez, J.M. Franco, M.A. Delgado, C. Valencia, C. Gallegos This work is focused on the development of oleogels potentially suitable as biodegradable lubricating greases by studying the effect that some thermo-mechanical processing variables exert on their rheological properties and microstructure. Oleogels were prepared by dispersing sorbitan monostearate (SMS) in castor oil under different agitation conditions and thermal protocols. The effect of processing variables was evaluated by performing small-amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) measurements, AFM observations and some mechanical and tribological tests usually employed to check lubrication performance and stability of lubricating greases. Rheological properties of oleogels can be monitored in situ during processing using a rheo-reactor. Processing conditions such as maximum temperature applied to disperse the gelling agent, heating time, agitation speed and cooling rate significantly influence gel strength. Cooling profile is the most important processing variable affecting the rheological response of oleogels. Differences of more than one decade in the values of SAOS functions were found for oleogels processed by applying different cooling profiles. A moderate agitation during SMS dispersion in oil yields maximum values of oleogel linear viscoelasticity functions. The maximum processing temperature reached during this stage should be only slightly higher than the SMS melting point. In general, oleogel samples exhibited a poor mechanical stability after sample working in a rolling element, but, on the contrary, they recovered completely their initial consistency after a moderate resting time, also exhibiting remarkable lubricant properties. Moreover, oleogel samples tested in a ball-disc tribometer show values of the friction coefficient inferior to those obtained with model lithium lubricating greases

151 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Properties of dry film lubricants prepared by spray application of aqueous starch–oil composites

Industrial Crops and Products, James A. Kenar, Frederick C. Felker, Girma Biresaw, Todd L. Kurth Aqueous dispersions of starch–soybean oil (SBO) and starch–jojoba oil (JO) composites, prepared by excess steam jet cooking, form effective dry film lubricants when applied as thick coatings to metal surfaces by a doctor blade. This application method necessitates long drying times, is wasteful, requires the addition of sucrose to promote composite adhesion to the metal surface, and restricts the substrate geometry to planar surfaces. These issues represent important barriers to the commercialization of this aqueous biobased dry film lubricant technology. We now report an air-assisted spray method that uses readily available spray equipment to apply aqueous starch–oil composite dispersions as thin coatings (0.15–2.0 mg/cm2) to metal surfaces quickly and efficiently. Aqueous dispersions of waxy maize starch–oil composites containing either SBO, JO or hexadecane (HD), having 0.020–31.7 wt% oil relative to starch, were applied by air-assisted spraying and could be dried to the touch in approximately 30 s. Additionally,

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B8JGF-4SXSBXS-1&_user=532081&_coverDate=07%2F07%2F2008&_alid=773299479&_rdoc=69&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_cdi=43669&_sort=d&_st=4&_docanchor=&_ct=247&_acct=C000026700&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=532081&md5=8ae1715e147216203d49e505abdb415e



http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T77-4SN8V4F-1&_user=532081&_coverDate=06%2F02%2F2008&_alid=773299479&_rdoc=109&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_cdi=5051&_sort=d&_st=4&_docanchor=&_ct=247&_acct=C000026700&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=532081&md5=b6cd659a79729c08f08f8f92b9224a01

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T77-4SN8V4F-1&_user=532081&_coverDate=06%2F02%2F2008&_alid=773299479&_rdoc=109&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_cdi=5051&_sort=d&_st=4&_docanchor=&_ct=247&_acct=C000026700&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=532081&md5=b6cd659a79729c08f08f8f92b9224a01




sucrose was found unnecessary for adhesion of the sprayed coatings. Tribological ball-on-flat testing of metal specimens spray coated with starch–SBO, –JO, and –HD composites showed the thin films of starch–SBO and –JO performed better at reducing the coefficient of friction (COF) than the starch–hexadecane composites. A low COF ranging between 0.027 and 0.044 was obtained for the starch–SBO and –JO composites containing 4–5 wt% oil relative to starch. Above 4–5 wt% oil loadings, no further COF reductions were realized. Further results revealed that micrometer-sized oil droplets embedded within the dried starch matrix of the composite film are delivered “on demand”. It appears that when pressure is applied to the dry film lubricant, the starch matrix ruptures and releases the entrained oil to the friction surface.

152 -- TECHNICAL SIDE : Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-based Lubricants Chemical Engineering Research and Design, Volume 86, Issue 4, April 2008, Page 423 Brian Briscoe CRC Press (2006) 206 pp Leslie R. Rudnick The Editor specialises in this type of compendium and edited a similar volume 8 years ago. The current volume has 51 free standing chapters provided by 64 authors virtually all of whom are “industrialists” mainly originating from the United States. It occupies over 900 pages. It much focuses upon the automotive applications and is offered in four sections – “fluids” the core of the book, “applications” which is a nice selection, “trends” a section primarily devoted to automobile usage, and finally something called “methods and resources” which contains the same and is rather out of character with the rest of the text. The work is well laid out and considering the length and number of authors, as well as the diversity of the topics, remarkably well put together. It retails now for about 200 US Dollars which is good value for those who need such a work. For me the strongest section was on fluids which does occupy a large fraction of the book. The majority of the material considers synthetic base stocks with comparatively little on the topic of classical mineral oils. Many people will read the book for those parts devoted to “bio lubricants” and I found those parts very informative. These Chapters or parts, as with other chapters, have clear introductions which usually include an historical perspective and good sets of references. The bio lubricant sections also have a lesser preoccupation with automobile applications which is most refreshing. The overarching emphasis on automobiles is obviously a residue carried over from the past volume but a wider and deeper consideration of all lubricant applications would have given more value. Having said this there are however other topics deliberately covered including hydraulics, metal working, aerospace and food applications. There is also a good summary of disc drive lubrication which has now evolved into a separate speciality area. The potential readership is neither mentioned by the Editor nor indeed the publisher and for me it is not entirely clear. In this sense the volume falls between two stools. It has good and well referenced academic style reviews some of which are much stronger and longer than others. Thus it may have value as a potentially useful text for an industrialist embarking on a new area. It does however have comparatively little hard technical information for the serious aspiring practitioner. It might have good value as a supplementary teaching text for an advance course student but the cost would be prohibitive. It is likely to best serve the needs of a relative newcomer to tribology who has a specific system such as a silicone fluid or polyphenylether base stock application. The coverage of viable fluid base stock systems is very comprehensive. Alternatively the volume does provide a broad ranging account of automobile applications which offer a general education.




It is certain that the lubricant needs will change a good deal for environmental requirements as well as cost and availability in the next few decades. This trend is exemplified by the few chapters on these topics; there is just one chapter here on environmentally friendly hydraulic fluids. We may want to compare the contents and emphasis of the present text with its successors in say 30 years time as it will certainly provide an allegory of those future times. In the meanwhile this book will be a useful interim account of an evolving subject.

153 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: A Sustainability Assessment of a Biolubricant Bryony Cunningham, Nigel Battersby, Walter Wehrmeyer, Catriona Fothergill A sustainability matrix has been developed at Shell Global Solutions to show the environmental, social, and economic impacts of a product. The approach aims to be quicker and more cost-effective than a conventional life-cycle assessment by focusing on specific areas of concern through the product life cycle and then comparing products by scaling their impacts relative to one another. It provides a way of making qualitative and quantitative assessment that gives a depth to the assessment beyond data analysis. The tool includes subjective judgment, which tends to reflect current thinking in the company. Once the tool has been fully tested on all product types, the indicators that are central to the process will be assessed by external stakeholders. This article describes the development of the sustainability assessment tool and presents an example that compares the sustainability of a biolubricant (an "environ-mentally acceptable" hydraulic fluid meeting Swedish Standard SS 15 54 34) with that of a conventional mineral-oil-based product. The tool provides a quick decision-making instrument to help Shell decide which products should be marketed for the business to continue on a sustainable path. The tool also provides a more detailed level of information if a more thorough assessment is necessary.

154 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Elastohydrodynamic study of vegetable oil-polyalphaolefin blends of plant based and petroleum based oils

Lubrication Science Early View Grigor Bantchev, Girma Biresaw Plant-based oils are mostly triglycerides but can also be esters of long chain fatty acids and fatty alcohols. They are renewable and biodegradable materials, and display certain lubrication characteristics that are superior to petroleum-based products. However, for some applications, plant-based oils by themselves do not meet performance requirements. Various methods are being pursued to overcome the shortcomings of plant-based oils for various lubrication applications. One approach is to blend plant-based oils with petroleum-based oils that have complimentary properties. Such approach could result in a lubricant with acceptable lubrication properties, which may or may not be fully biodegradable. To explore this approach, we have investigated the elastohydrodynamic (EHD) behavior of binary blends of plant-based oils with petroleum-based synthetic base oils. The effect of changes in the viscosities and ratios of the two oils on the film thickness of the blend under EHD conditions will be discussed. Interpretive Summary: Continuous rise in the price of petroleum and tightening environmental regulations have increased interest in farm-based lubricants. Successful application of vegetable oils in lubrication requires that their properties are well characterized and controlled for the various demanding processes. One of the drawbacks




of using vegetable oils in lubrication is their relatively narrow range of properties, such as viscosity. In this work, we characterized the properties of blends of vegetable oils with petroleum-based synthetic oils. The result showed that blending increases the range of properties, thereby allowing vegetable oils to be used in multitude of new lubricant applications. The study also investigated various theoretical models for predicting the properties of blends of vegetable oils with synthetic lubricants. The models provide guidelines for selecting optimal blend compositions for the various lubrication applications. The results of this study demonstrate that blending allows vegetable oils to be used in lubrication application processes that until now were possible only with synthetic lubricants. Technical Abstract: Two polyalphaolefins (PAOs), of higher and lower viscosity than vegetable oils, were used to make binary blends of varying compositions with soybean and canola oils. The pure oils and the blends were used in viscosity and film thickness investigations. The effect of composition and temperature on viscosity were found to agree well with the theoretical predictions of a simple mixing law. The film thicknesses of the various blends under EHD conditions were measured at 20 N load, and varying entrainment speeds and temperatures. From the data, pressure-viscosity coefficients, alpha, as a function composition and temperature were obtained. The resulting alpha values were compared with theoretical predictions. Experimental values of alpha as a function of composition showed a slight negative or no deviation from the values predicted by an ideal mixing model. On the other hand, experimental values of alpha displayed a mild decrease with increasing temperature while the model predicted a sharp decrease with increasing temperature.

155 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Effect of temperature on lubrication with biobased oils Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Abstract, May 18, 2008, p.114 Biresaw, G. 2008 Temperature is an important parameter affecting the performance of lubricant ingredients. It affects such important tribological characteristics as viscosity, film thickness, adsorption, desorption, friction, and wear. Temperature also promotes oxidation, polymerization, and degradation which negatively impacts the useful life of lubricant ingredients. In this work, the effect of temperature on friction and wear of biobased ingredients in the boundary and mixed film regimes were investigated. The response of biobased oils of varying chemical structures to changes in temperature will be analyzed and discussed. Meeting Abstract Publication Type: Abstract Publication Acceptance Date: April 17, 2008 Publication Date: April 17, 2008 Citation: Biresaw, G. 2008. Biolubricant research and development [abstract]. STLE Detroit Section Workshop. p. 53. Biolubricants are lubricants manufactured from natural raw materials such as those harvested from farms, forests, rivers, lakes, and oceans. Biolubricants provide a number of benefits over petroleum-based lubricants. These benefits include: biodegradability, renewability, and non-toxicity. As a result, manufacture and use of biolubricants will result in a number of benefits to the environment, the health of citizens, and the economy. For example, it is widely anticipated that the widespread use of biolubricants




will: reduce emission of greenhouse gases; reduce the release of toxic waste stream into the air, rivers and land; reduce reliance on imported petroleum; generate new jobs and strengthen the farm-based domestic economy. However, successful replacement of petroleum-based lubricants with biolubricants requires overcoming a number of technical, developmental, and marketing hurdles. Concerted effort and collaboration will be required to successfully bring about the widespread application of biolubricants by consumers everywhere.

156 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: polymer interaction in a model bioblend Adhesion Society Proceedings/Symposium; February 18, 2008 ;p.304-306 Biresaw, G., Mohamed, A., Gordon, S.H., Harry O Kuru, R.E. EBU/PS blends of varying compositions were investigated using TGA, MDSC, and FTIR-PAS methods. The goal of the investigation was that of probing for the presence or lack of intermolecular interactions between the two polymers. The TGA investigation showed at least one blend composition with better thermal stability than either of the neat polymers. MDSC investigation showed a single Tg for all blends that showed very weak dependence on blend composition. FTIR-PAS investigation showed a small shift to lower wave number in the carbonyl absorbance peaks of EBU in the 50/50 EBU/PS blend. These results seem to suggest the existence, though weak, of intermolecular interactions in EBU/PS blends.

157 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: FRICTION PROPERTIES OF CHEMICALLY MODIFIED STARCH

Journal of Synthetic Lubrication 2008; 25(1):17-30. Biresaw, G., Shogren, R.L. Interpretive Summary: Surplus corn, soybean, wheat, barley, and other cereals have suppressed prices that farmers get for their crops. One way of overcoming this problem is to develop new uses for starches, proteins, and oils, which are the many ingredients of most cereals. An important application area for agricultural products is in lubrication, which is currently almost exclusively dominated by petroleum based products. In the work described here, starch was chemically modified to improve its solubility in water. Solutions of starch in water were formulated into dry film lubricants by the incorporation of canola oil. The resulting formulation was investigated for its friction properties as a function of the starch chemical structure, degree of chemical modification and the concentration of canola in the formulation. The result indicated that dry film lubricants with acceptable friction properties can be developed using all farm-based ingredients. Technical Abstract: Starch is a high molecular weight polyglucose biopolymer that, in its native state, is insoluble in water at room temperature. One way of improving its water solubility is by esterification of its free hydroxyl groups. Waxy maize, normal corn, and high amylose corn starches were esterified with acetic anhydride (AA). Waxy maize starch was also esterified by a mixture of AA and either octylsuccinic anhydride or dodecylsuccinic anhydride. The resulting chemically modified starches, with varying degrees of substitution (DS) of the hydroxyl groups, were dissolved in water, formulated into dry film lubricants with the addition of canola oil, spray applied onto clean sheet metals, and its friction properties investigated. The results showed that, in the absence of canola, chemically modified starch displayed very high coefficient of friction (COF). Addition of canola resulted in a sharp decrease in COF, which decreased with increasing




canola until it attained a minimum and constant value that was independent of further increase in canola. This observation was attributed to adsorption of the canola onto starch due to H-bonding between the ester groups of the canola triglycerides and free hydroxyl groups of starch. Analysis of the canola vs. COF data using the Langmuir adsorption model showed stronger adsorption of canola to modified starch with lower DS, which was attributed to the availability of more free hydroxyl group adsorption sites on starches with lower DS than those with higher DS.

158 -- TECHNICAL SIDE : Antioxidants for improving storage stability of biodiesel

Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining Volume 2, Issue 4, Date: July/August 2008, Pages: 304-318 Robert O. Dunn Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel made from vegetable oil or animal fat that may be burned in a compression-ignition (diesel) engine. The chemical nature of biodiesel makes it more susceptible to oxidation or autoxidation during long-term storage than conventional petroleum-based diesel (petrodiesel). Oxidative degradation during storage can compromise fuel quality with respect to effects on kinematic viscosity, acid value (number), cetane number, total ester content, and formation of hydroperoxides, soluble polymers, and other secondary products. One promising method of increasing the resistance to oxidation of biodiesel is to add oxidation inhibitors (antioxidants). This review summarizes relevant research progress in the development of effective antioxidants for treating biodiesel. Performance of antioxidants evaluated for treating biodiesel derived from soybean oil, rapeseed (low-erucic) oil, used cooking oil, tallow (beef), and palm oil feedstocks is discussed.

159 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Performance evaluation for aged environmentally adapted lubricants in bronze-steel sliding contacts

Journal of Synthetic Lubrication Volume 25, Issue 3, Date: July/September 2008, Pages: 115-129 D. M. C. McCarthy, S. B. Glavatskih, M. Pach, A. Dmitriev Environmentally adapted lubricants (EALs) are becoming of increasing interest to the industry as legislation demands the replacement of mineral oil lubricants. However, little or nothing is known about the influence of ageing on the performance of these fluids in mixed and boundary lubricated tribological contacts. In this study, samples of three fully formulated lubricating oils, both in their unaged form and aged by means of an oxidation process in the laboratory, were utilized in a detailed study whereby variations in relative lubrication performance were examined. Standard laboratory pin-on-disc equipment was utilized in order to allow comparisons to be made and the definition of conclusions for a sliding tin bronze on steel contact. This simulated the interaction between an oil-lubricated bronze bushing and steel shaft as found in the vane adjustment mechanism of a Kaplan turbine. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was employed to assess the effect on surface layer structural chemistry. Results showed, for the specific application being investigated, that EALs continue to function well in terms of their friction and wear performance even at high acid numbers.




160 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Metalworking emulsions from industrial vegetable oils Journal of Synthetic Lubrication Volume 25, Issue 3, Date: July/September 2008, Pages: 87-94 Anuj Jain, R. P. S. Bisht In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop the indigenous formulation for metalworking lubricants by replacing mineral oils partially with non-edible industrial oils like rapeseed and karanja oil. Metalworking formulations consist of vegetable oil, mineral oil, an emulsifier and commercial additives for better performance. Non-edible vegetable oils such as karanja and rapeseeds are renewable, biodegradable and cheaper than synthetic fluids. The constituent vegetable oils and mineral oils were evaluated for physico-chemical characteristics and blended as per the saponification value and viscosity requirements of the reference oils. The so formulated oils are taken as 5% oil-in-water emulsion and tested for lubricity, load bearing capacity, particle size distribution, wear test, weld load test and plate-out test. Performance of all formulated oils was compared with that of the reference oils, and optimized to meet the market requirements.

161 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Evaluation of the oxidative properties of vegetable oils as base stocks for industrial lubricants using spectroscopic and thermogravimetric analyses

Journal of Synthetic Lubrication Volume 25, Issue 3, Date: July/September 2008, Pages: 105-113 N. H. Jayadas This paper presents the study of the oxidative behaviour of vegetable oils using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic methods and thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) techniques. The properties of vegetable oils were determined by their fatty acid (FA) composition. A high content of polyunsaturated FAs, like linoleic and linolenic acids, decreases thermal-oxidative stability. FTIR spectroscopy can be used as a quick method to measure the degree of unsaturation in vegetable oils in a qualitative manner. NMR spectroscopy can be used to quantitatively evaluate the degree of unsaturation in vegetable oils. TGA/DTA techniques were used to evaluate the oxidative properties of vegetable oils. In the present study, TGA/DTA analyses were performed on different vegetable oils under isothermal conditions at 150 °C for 3 hours. TGA/DTA thermograms showed weight changes and thermal activities in terms of exothermic or endothermic heat flows during the oxidative reactions. The oxidative degradation was evaluated in terms of the weight gain by the respective vegetable oils under the test conditions, due to the formation of oxidative polymerization products and the value of exothermic peaks as obtained from the DTA. The comparative study of the oxidative performance of different vegetable oils showed that the higher the degrees of unsaturation, the higher are the weight gains and the exothermic peaks. The evaluation of the effect of a chosen antioxidant showed marked improvement on the oxidative stability of vegetable oils.

162 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Coupling Fatty Acids by Ketonic Decarboxylation Using Solid Catalysts for the Direct Production of Diesel, Lubricants, and Chemicals

ChemSusChem Early View Avelino Corma, Michael Renz, Colin Schaverien




163 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Catalytic Processes for the Technical Use of Natural Fats and Oils

Chemical Engineering & Technology Volume 31, Issue 5, Date: May, 2008, Pages: 700-714 A. Behr, A. Westfechtel, J. Pérez Gomes Vegetable fats such as rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, palm oil or coconut oil consisting of triglycerides offer different carbon chain distributions. The use of these raw materials for the production of industrial chemicals as well as for fuel (biodiesel), which is finally a substitution for mineral oil, is a political discussion with various facets. The basic products such as fatty acids, fatty alcohols, and esters have different physical properties and lead to various areas of application depending on the carbon chain distribution. While the chain length range of C12 represents important raw materials for detergents, chain lengths of C18 are used mainly in industrial applications, e.g. as lubricants. Natural fatty alcohols are produced by the heterogeneous catalyzed high-pressure hydrogenation of methyl esters or fatty acids. The unsaturated fats and oils can be derivatized catalytically by functionalization, oligomerization, oxidation or metathesis. Thereby, new functional groups are introduced into the oleochemical substrate. The carbon chain length can be increased or reduced respectively, or a branching in the fatty chain is introduced. Products with completely new properties and areas of applications are available due to these catalytic variations of fats and oils.

164 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Physicochemical properties, total phenol and tocopherol of some Acacia seed oils

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Volume 88, Issue 2, Date: 30 January 2008, Pages: 263-268 Olumuyiwa S Falade, Abolanle S Adekunle, Mutalib A Aderogba, Segun O Atanda, Chris Harwood, Steve R Adewusi BACKGROUND: Recently, there has been an increase in the number of investigations into the possible use of vegetable oils as a source of oleochemicals to supplement petrochemicals. We have therefore determined the physicochemical properties of Acacia oils and compared them with groundnut oil as a first step toward their possible industrial utilization. RESULTS: The chemical properties of Acacia oils compared well and surpassed those of groundnut oil in iodine value (1549.3, 1783.3 and 1093.1 g iodine kg-1 oil for A. colei, A. tumida and groundnut oils, respectively), saponification value (201.74, 202.15 and 198.01 g KOH kg-1 oil for A. colei, A. tumida and groundnut oils, respectively). Total phenol and tocopherol content of Acacia oils were also higher compared with groundnut oil. Refractive index, specific gravity and viscosity were higher in Acacia seed oils than in groundnut oil but the smoke point of Acacia oil was lower than that of groundnut oil. Acacia oils were higher in some essential elements (Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn and Cu) when compare with groundnut oil. CONCLUSION: The properties of Acacia oils revealed that they could be useful as drying oils, in soap making and as lubricants at low temperatures. They could also be dietary sources of natural antioxidants and essential elements. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry




165 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Basestock oils for lubricants from mixtures of corn oil and synthetic diesters.

Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society Volume: 85 Issue: 1 Page(s): 71-76 Published: 2008 Pop, L.; Puscas, C.; Bandur, G.; Vlase, G.; Nutiu, R. Environmentally friendly vegetable oils and their derivatives represent alternatives to mineral-based lubricants. Vegetable oils have high biodegradability and low production costs. Their poor thermo-oxidative stability and poor low temperature properties are disadvantages in their use as lubricant basestocks. In our study we used corn oil and diester mixtures, which become lubricants when additives are introduced. These mixtures of corn oil and di-2-ethylhexyl-adipate (DOA) and di-2-ethylhexyl-sebacate (DOS) offer a wide range of kinematic viscosities, pour points lower than -39 deg C and flash points over 218 deg C. The diameters of wear scars measured under four-ball testing (40 daN) are less than 0.90 mm and the copper strip corrosion test result is 1a. The differential scanning calorimetry study and thermogravimetric study under nitrogen atmosphere and in synthetic air are reported. From these studies a higher thermal stability was observed for corn oil than for diester oils. The thermo-oxidative instability occurred at temperatures higher than 350 deg C. The low production cost of corn oil and its mixtures with diesters makes them an attractive alternative to mineral oil lubricants.

166 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Tribological behaviour of an elastomer aged in different oils

Tribology International Volume:41 Issue 9-10 Page(s):860-866 Mofidi,M; Kassfeldt,E; Prakash,B This paper presents the influence of aging the nitrile rubber, the most popular seal material, in various base fluids on sliding friction and abrasive wear. The lubricants used are synthetic esters, natural esters, different types of mineral base oils, poly-alpha-olefins and very high viscosity index oils. Friction has been studied for two directions of motion with respect to lay on the elastomer sample by using the SRV Optimol test machine. These findings show that as compared to all other lubricant formulations, ageing the elastomer in polyol ester leads to the maximum reduction of friction coefficient especially in perpendicular sliding to the initial lay on the surface. The abrasive wear studies were carried out by using a two-body abrasive wear tester against dry and lubricated elastomer. It was interesting to note that two-body abrasive wear of elastomeric material was higher during rubbing in presence of the fluids as compared to that in dry condition. Further, aging the elastomer in these base fluids especially in ester base fluids, results in more abrasive wear. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

167 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: Gear power loss performance of biodegradable low-toxicity ester-based oils

Proceedings of the I MECH E Part J Journal of Engineering TribologyVolume 222, Number 3, 2008 , pp. 431-440(10) Martins, R; Cardoso, N; Seabra, J Environmental issues are leading to a growing interest in bio-lubricants, which can have similar or even better performance than mineral and synthetic oils. In this work, the power loss performance of two biodegradable, low toxicity, ester-based gear oils was

http://apps.isiknowledge.com/OneClickSearch.do?product=CABI&search_mode=OneClickSearch&doc=9&db_id=&SID=X2J@MkNJBfdMkCOCh4K&field=AU&value=Pop,%20L.&ut=20083068473&pos=1

http://apps.isiknowledge.com/OneClickSearch.do?product=CABI&search_mode=OneClickSearch&doc=9&db_id=&SID=X2J@MkNJBfdMkCOCh4K&field=AU&value=Puscas,%20C.&ut=20083068473&pos=1

http://apps.isiknowledge.com/OneClickSearch.do?product=CABI&search_mode=OneClickSearch&doc=9&db_id=&SID=X2J@MkNJBfdMkCOCh4K&field=AU&value=Bandur,%20G.&ut=20083068473&pos=1

http://apps.isiknowledge.com/OneClickSearch.do?product=CABI&search_mode=OneClickSearch&doc=9&db_id=&SID=X2J@MkNJBfdMkCOCh4K&field=AU&value=Vlase,%20G.&ut=20083068473&pos=1

http://apps.isiknowledge.com/OneClickSearch.do?product=CABI&search_mode=OneClickSearch&doc=9&db_id=&SID=X2J@MkNJBfdMkCOCh4K&field=AU&value=Nutiu,%20R.&ut=20083068473&pos=1

http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/pep/jet




evaluated and compared with a commercial mineral oil and an ester-based fluid containing zinc dialkyl dithio phosphate (ZDDP) additives. Power loss tests were performed on the FZG test rig, using type C carburized gears and the different lubricants under evaluation. The operating temperatures of the oil and of the FZG gearbox wall were measured for different values of the input torque and speed and lubricant samples were periodically collected and analysed by direct reading ferrography. At the end of the tests, the gear mass loss and the oil viscosity were measured, the teeth flanks were inspected, looking for typical surface failure mechanisms, and the tooth flank surface roughness was measured. An energetic model of the FZG test gearbox, which took into account the power loss mech-anisms inside the gearbox and the heat flow mechanisms from the gearbox to the surrounding environment, was used to calculate the friction losses between the gear teeth, knowing the oil, gearbox wall, and room temperatures, in steady-state conditions. Using this model, it was poss-ible to analyse the influence of lubricant formulation on the average friction coefficient between gear teeth. The results obtained showed that one of the biodegradable, low-toxicity, ester-based gear oils generated significantly lower mass loss than all the other lubricants, presenting almost no degradation, even when operating at very high temperature for long periods. These bio-lubricants generated friction coefficients between gear teeth up to 27 per cent smaller than the commercial mineral oil, promoted significant reductions of the power loss inside the FZG gearbox, increasing the overall efficiency up to 0.25 per cent.

168 -- TECHNICAL SIDE: One-Pot Synthesis of Chemically Modified Vegetable Oils

Brajendra K. Sharma, Zengshe Liu, Atanu Adhvaryu, and Sevim Z. Erhan

Vegetable oils are promising candidates as substitutes for petroleum base oils in lubricant applications, such as total loss lubrication, military applications, and outdoor activities. Although vegetable oils have some advantages, they also have poor oxidation and low temperature stability. One of the ways to address these issues is chemical modification of fatty acid chain of triglyceride. We report a one-pot synthesis of a novel class of chemically modified vegetable oils from epoxidized triacylglycerols and various anhydrides. In an anhydrous solvent, boron trifluoride etherate is used as catalyst to simultaneously open the oxirane ring and activate the anhydride. The reaction was monitored and products confirmed by NMR, FTIR, GPC, and TGA analysis. Experimental conditions were optimized for research quantity and laboratory scale-up (up to 4 lbs). The resultant acyl derivatives of vegetable oil, having diester substitution at the sites of unsaturation, have potential in formulation of industrial fluids such as hydraulic fluids, lubricants, and metal working fluids.




169 -- ON THE WEB: Cognis launches its first synthetic lubricant product line bearing the EU-Ecolabel

Article published January 31, 2008 Complete article Available on : http://www.cognis.com/company/Press+and+Media/Press+Releases/2008/080131_EN_FP.htm Environmental soundness, eco-labels, and certifications are increasingly becoming selling points for manufacturers and users in the industrial lubricants market. On the other hand, of course, natural-based lubricant products are expected to match the performance features of conventional, less sustainable products. The ProEco HE 801 series of fully formulated biohydraulic oils from global specialty chemicals supplier Cognis combine excellent performance and compliance with the exacting requirements of the EU-Ecolabel and a range of additional environmental aspects. These include the technical requirements of ISO 15380 and the use of a large proportion of renewable raw materials. The novel “green” ester-based products from Cognis are designed for challenging applications and demonstrate outstanding performance even under extreme conditions.

170 -- ON THE WEB: North American Lubricants Introduces Pure GreenTM Product Line

Complete artcile available on: http://www.imakenews.com/lubritec/e_article001190212.cfm?x=b11,0,w

North American Lubricants, Co. (NAL) has announced the introduction of its Pure GreenTM product line, developed to capitalize on the substantially growing demand for earthfriendly lubricants. Formulated with high-quality base stocks refined from collected used oil, the Pure GreenTM line includes passenger car motor oil, heavy-duty engine oil, hydraulic oil, universal tractor fluid and other automotive and industrial lubricants.

171 -- ON THE WEB: Fuchs communication on (their) biolubricants

Different articles in the trade press (articles in French): -EQUIP'PROD - N° 1- February 2008 Subject: La gamme Planto et l'Ecocut D (The Planto range and the Ecocut D) http://www.fuchs-oil.fr/commun/pdf/articles-presses/Equipprod1.pdfMACHINES ET PRODUCTION - N° 864b- February 2008 Subject Les Biolubrifiants (Biolubricants) http://www.fuchs-oil.fr/commun/pdf/articles-presses/Machpro%20864b.pdfTRAMETAL N°115 - January 2008 Subject: La gamme Plantocut, les Planto. (The Planto range, the Planto) http://www.fuchs-oil.fr/commun/pdf/articles-presses/Trametal0108.pdf

http://www.cognis.com/company/Press+and+Media/Press+Releases/2008/080131_EN_FP.htm

http://www.fuchs-oil.fr/commun/pdf/articles-presses/Equipprod1.pdf

http://www.fuchs-oil.fr/commun/pdf/articles-presses/Machpro 864b.pdf

http://www.fuchs-oil.fr/commun/pdf/articles-presses/Trametal0108.pdf


Document « FARR-Wal » - Avec le soutien de la Région wallonne – DG Agriculture Page 29 / 32 Réf. 2008_MHN_01


172 -- Eco-labels in Europe: lists of lubricants suppliers that got licenses (updated 8 August 2008)

Swedish Standard

Hydraulic oils SS 15 54 34 -

Swedish Standard Lubricating greases SS 15 54 70

Nordic Swan(Finland)

BLUE ANGEL

Hydraulic Fluids RAL-UZ 79

BLUE ANGEL Lub. and Form. Oils RAL-UZ 64

EUROPEAN ECO-Label (country)

GERMAN POSITIVE LIST

1 Addinol Lube Oil Addinol Lube Oil2 Agro Oil Agro Oil 3 Agip Schmiertech. Agip

Schmiertechnik 4 Agravis Agravis5 Aral . Aral6 Avia Mineralöl Avia Mineralöl7 BayWa BayWa BayWa8 Bechem (Carl) Bechem (Carl) Bechem (Carl) Bechem (Carl) 9 Binol Binol Binol Biosafe Binol Biosafe

(FIN) 1 wisslube 0 Blaser S11 BP Smörjmedel BP Smörjmedel BP & Deutsche BP Deutsche BP12 Bremer & Leguil Bremer & Leguil 13 Burrenkopf

Schmier. 14 Canadian Oil AB 15 Calpam Mineralöl Calpam1 Cargill 6 1 Castrol Castrol 7 18 Cargo Oil Cargo Oil

1 9 20 Car Oil (Gulf) 21 Caterpillar Caterpillar Overs. 22 Cognis Deutsch. Cognis Deutsch. Cognis Deutsch2 Werke 3 Chemisch.

Klu. 24 Deutsche BP Deere & Company

http://www.blauer-engel.de/englisch/produkte_zeichenanwender/vergabegrundlagen/ral.php?id=83

http://www.blauer-engel.de/englisch/produkte_zeichenanwender/vergabegrundlagen/ral.php?id=88

http://www.blauer-engel.de/englisch/produkte_zeichenanwender/manufacturer_products.php?id=639
















25 Eliassons Maskin 2 ELASKON 6

SACHSEN 2 MKA 7 E

Schmiertechnik 28 Esso Deutschland Esso Deutshland ESSO Deutschland29 Exxon Mobil Lub. 30 FINKE Mineralölw. FINKE Mineralölw. Finke

Mineralölwerk 31 F L Nordic

(Ambra) 32 Fragol

Schmierstoff Fragol Schmierstoff

FragolSchmierstoff

33 Fuchs Fuchs Fuchs34 G. A. Lindberg 3 st 5 Georg Oe

Mineralöl. 36 Green Oils Greenoils37 Handelsges. für

Kr.Handelsges. für Kr.

38 Hebro Chemie Hebro Chemie3 old 9 Hun

Schmierstoffe 4 droscan 0 Hy d 41 Kajo-Chemie Kajo-Chemie Kajo-Chemie Kajo-Chemie (DE) Kajo Chemie 4 te 2 Kas4 z Chemie 3 Kettlit44 Kleenoil Panolin4 5 Kock

Zerspanungste. 4 essol-Oel 6 Kompr

Verk. 4 VE GmbH 7 K4 bricating 8 Lu

Dutchman 49 Matrix Lubricants

















50 MCB Larsson Mill.51 Midland Midland52 Mobil Oil 53 Morris lubricants Motorex 54 Müller (H. Math)55 Motul BP 94 Motul Natoil56 Neste Oil AB Neste Oil AB 57 Nordisk

Däck.(Agip)

5 yd Olje 8 Norsk H ro59 Novance (FR)6 NYCO. 0 6 Oelheld 1 6 Oemeta 2

Chemische W 6 utschland 3 OMV De64 OK-Q8 OK-Q8 Kuwait Petroleum65 OMV

Aktiengesells.

66 Panolin

Scandinav. Panolin Panolin AG Panolin (CH)

6 7 68 Partek For

(Valmet) 6 lychemie 9 Po

Limbach 70 Preem Pet

(Texaco) Preem Pet

(Texaco) 71 Raiff. Haupt-Gen.

N

72 Ramby Oljor& Verk.

7 enus Lub 3 Rh7 hrl 4 Rö7 lj entr. 5 Skand. O ec76 SKF Maint. Prod.











77 Shell AB Svenska Shell Shell & DEA Oil 7 Dieter 8 S

Döcker ips-

7 SRS 9 Schmierstoffvert.

80 Starke & Sohn 81 Statoil Lubricants Statoil Lubricants 8 2 Sunoco 8 ubricants 3 Swd L84 Technolub

Schmier

85 Total Lub.Sweden TOTAL Total Deutschland8 6 Unitech

Kühlschmier. 87 Valvoline Intern. 88 Veba Oel Vertrieb 89 Voitel. Tont.

Comet

90 Voith TURBOGmbH &Co.KG

Voitländer

91 Volvo CE Volvo CE Intern. 9 WASCUT 2

Industrieöle 93 Willi Schüler e. K.

Min 9 nsch Öle 4 Wu95 Zeller & Gmelin Zeller & Gmelin 9 lin 6 Zeppe

Baumach. 36 companies 13 companies 1 companie 22 companies 13 companies 4 companies 53 companies Status

Jan 2008 76 products 19 products 9 products 67 products 25 products 19 products 491 products 37 companies (+1)

14 companies (+1)

0 company (-1-

25 companies (+1 -1)

14 companies (+1)

9 companies (+5)

35 companies (-18)

Status Aug 2008

87 product (+11)

20 products (+1)

0 products (-9)

87 products (+10)

29 products (+4)

38 products (+19)

204 products (-287)





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Biolubricants: technical and market survey SURVEY … · Biolubricants: technical and market survey ... The lubricant enables an environmentally-friendly and better ... ARCHER DANIELS