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Biology: It Grows on You. What is Biology?. Definition: Study of Life. Branches of Biology. Ecology- Interactions between living organisms Genetics- Inheritance of traits Biochemistry- the study of the chemical reactions required for life Botany- Study of Plants Zoology- Study of Animals. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Biology: It Grows on You
What is Biology?
• Definition: Study of Life
Branches of Biology
• Ecology- Interactions between living organisms
• Genetics- Inheritance of traits• Biochemistry- the study of the chemical
reactions required for life• Botany- Study of Plants• Zoology- Study of Animals
What makes something living?7 characteristics of life?
?•Abiotic- Non Living things•Biotic- Of living things
Cells
• Living organisms are organized/comprised of cells– Unicellular-one cell– Multicellular- multiple cells
DNA
• Genetic material that can be passed on to offspring
Energy
• Require energy to survive.
Reproduction
• All living organisms reproduce– Asexual- one
individual from a species
– Sexual- two individuals from the SAME species
Growth and Development
• All living organisms grow and develop
Evolution and Adaptation
• Adaptation-Change to an organism to better fit their environment
• Homeostasis-Maintaining stable internal conditions- Balance
Stimulus and Response
• Stimulus- An action• Response- Result from a
stimulus
Are viruses living?
?
How we classify living things
• Aristotle- Descriptions– Not very clear, names became
too long• Carolus Linnaeus-
Relationships– Binomial Nomenclature- 2 part
naming system• Homo sapien• Genus species
Levels of classification
• Domain• Kingdom• Phylum• Class• Order• Family• Genus• Species
Come up with your own mnemonic!
• Dumb• Kids• Play• Chess• On• Fat• Guys• Stomachs
Bacteria- Not Viruses!• 2 Kingdoms:
Archaebacteria(old, near deep sea vents) and Eubacteria(common in the world)
• Primitive prokaryotic cells• Single Cellular• Heterotrophic- rely on
others for energy• Asexual reproduction• Streptacoccus
Protist• Kingdom Protista• Unicellular or Multicellular• Eukaryotic cells• Autotrophic(make their
own energy) or Heterotrophic
• Asexual or sexual reproduction
• Commonly cause disease• Algae, Dinoflagellates,
zooplankton
Fungi• Kingdom Fungi• Unicellular or Multicellular• Prokaryotic• Heterotrophic• Decomposer- breaks down
other organisms• Sexual or Asexual
reproduction• Athletes foot, molds,
mushrooms
Plants• Kingdom Plantae• Multicellular• Autotrophic- Have
chloroplasts• Sexual or Asexual
Reproduction• Moss, ferns, trees, flowers
Animals• Kingdom Animalia• Multicellular• Heterotrophic• Sexual Reproduction• Coral, birds, star fish,
etc.
Dichotomous Key• A tool used to Identify organisms in the field
Step 1If fish shape is long and skinny then go to step 2 If fish shape is not long and skinny, then go to step 3
Step 5If fish has spots, then go to step 6If fish does not have spots, then go to step 7
Step 2If fish has pointed fins, it is a trumpet fishIf fish has smooth fins, it is a spotted moray eel
Step 6If fish has chin "whiskers," it is a spotted goat fishIf fish does not have chin "whiskers," it is a band-tail puffer
Step 3If fish has both eyes on top of the head, then go to step 4If fish has one eye on each side of the head, then go to step 5
Step 7If fish has stripes, then go to step 8If fish does not have stripes, it is a glassy sweeper
Step 4If fish has long whip-like tail, it is a spotted eagle rayIf fish has short, blunt tail, it is a peacock flounder
Step 8If fish has a v-shaped tail, it is a squirrel fishIf fish has a blunt tail, it is a glass-eye snapper