Biology A

Exam review

Question 1

• Give an example of a producer?

Answer #1

• Any Plant

Question #2

• What part of an experimental design is a prediction that is useful because it helps guide an investigation?

Answer #2

• Hypothesis

Question #3

• Name the reactants of Photosynthesis?

Answer #3

• Carbon dioxide and Water

• CO2 and H2O

Question #4

• Name the reactants of Cellular Respiration?

Answer Question #4

• Glucose and Oxygen

• C6H12O6 and O2

Question #5

• What mineral is essential to growth of bones?

Answer # 5

• Calcium

Question #6

• Sunlight -- Plant cell-- Chemical Energy

• What process is this?

Answer #6

• Photosynthesis

Question #7

• What are the six top elements found in living things?

Answer #7

• SPONCH ( ONCH) Top 4= 90%

• Sulfur

• Phosphorus

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

Question #8

• Which organelle does cellular respiration occur in?

Answer #8

•Mitochondria

Question #9

• Which organic molecule is a polymer of amino acids?

Answer #9

•Proteins

Question # 10

• What do organic compounds contain?

Answer #10

•Carbon and other elements

Question # 11

• Name the four major macromolecules (organic compounds)

Answer #11

• Carbohydrate

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

Question #12

• What is an example of a monosaccharide?

Answer #12

• Glucose

Question #13

• Extreme heat will change an enzyme so that the substrate can no longer bond. What is the term for this?

Answer #13

• Denaturation ( To denature)

Question #14

• Carbohydrates stored in fruits and vegetables represent a short-term storage of what element?

Answer #14

•Carbon

Question #15

• What process breaks down polymers (large molecules)?

Answer #15

•Hydrolysis

Question #16

•What is the basic unit of structure and function for all life?

Answer #16

•Cells

Question #17

•When does ATP release energy?

Answer #17

• When a phosphate group is removed

Question #18

• What macromolecule contains more stored energy than carbohydrates because of the numerous Carbon-hydrogen bonds it contains?

Answer #18

•Lipids

Question #19

• Sucrose is an example of which type of carbohydrate?

Answer #19

•Disaccharide

Question #20

• Which structure surrounds the cell and regulates materials that enter and leave?

Answer #20

• Cell Membrane

Question #21

• Where is the chemical energy stored in sugar produced by plants?

Answer #21

• In the bonds

Question #22

•Which cell organelle modifies and packages proteins?

Answer #22

•Golgi Apparatus

Question #23

• What is the movement of water through a cell membrane referred to as?

Answer #23

•Osmosis

Question #24

• Which organelle in a plant cell which often takes up 90% of the cell’s volume holds water?

Answer #24

•Large Vacuole

Question #25

• What reaction in photosynthesis uses ATP and NADPH to make glucose?

Answer #25

•The Calvin Cycle

•Light independent reaction

Question #26

• Which cell organelle produces food for the cell?

Answer #26

•Chloroplast

Question #27

• ADP ATP

• Which is Stored energy?

Answer #27

• ATP = stored energy

Question #28

• During cellular respiration, cells convert the energy stored in glucose to make the molecule ATP, less than 40% of this energy actually is converted into ATP. What happens to the other 60%?

Answer #28

• It is converted into heat energy (lost as heat)

Question #29

• What is the product of plant fermentation?

Answer #29

•Alcohol (beer/wine)

Question #30

• Plants make sugars in the presence of sunlight in a process called photosynthesis, what form of carbon do the plants take in for this process?

Answer #30

•Carbon Dioxide

Question #31

• True or False

• If the amount of phosphorus (phosphate) is limited in a cell culture then the amount of ATP energy will increase.

Answer #31

• False It will decrease since phosphorus/phosphate is needed to make ATP

Question #32

• Photosynthesis produces carbohydrate that are used in cellular respiration to produce what molecule?

Answer #32

•ATP

Question #33

• Hair, Nails and muscle are all what type of organic macromolecule?

Answer #33

• Protein

Question #34

• Animals release what gas which plants then use for photosynthesis?

Answer #34

• Carbon Dioxide

Question #35

• A cell observed under a microscope has the following: Nucleus, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, chloroplast and cytoplasm. What type of cell is it NOT?

Answer #35

•Animal cell or prokaryotic cell

Question #36

• Both mitochondria and chloroplast are thought to have evolved from prokaryotic cells. List some evidence for this theory of endosymbiosis?

Answer #36

• Both Mitochondria and Chloroplast have DNA

• Ribosomes

• Divide by binary fission

• Same size as prokaryotes

Question #37

• What are the products of photosynthesis?

Answer #37

• Glucose and Oxygen