Biology 1 End-of-Course Assessment Practice Test Questions

Directions for Answering the Biology 1 Practice Test Questions

Mark your answers in this booklet. If you don’t understand a question, askyour teacher to explain it to you. Your teacher has the answers to thepractice test questions.

You may need the Periodic Table of the Elements to help you answer some of thequestions. You may refer to the Periodic Table on page 3 as often as you like.

The purpose of these practice test materials is to orient teachers and studentsto the types of questions on the paper-based NGSSS Biology 1 EOCAssessment. By using these materials, students will become familiar with thetypes of items and response formats that they may see on a paper-basedtest. The practice questions and answers are not intended to demonstratethe length of the actual test, nor should student responses be used as anindicator of student performance on the actual test. The practice test is notintended to guide classroom instruction.

Biology 1

End-of-Course Assessment

Practice Test Questions

Page 2

All trademarks and trade names found in this publication are the property oftheir respective owners and are not associated with the publishers of this publication.

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Page 3

This is a picture of a generic 4-function calculator and its parts.

HELPFUL HINTS FOR USING A FOUR-FUNCTION CALCULATOR

1. If you decide you need the calculator to help you answer a question, use the following information.

2. When starting a new problem, always clear your calculator by pressing the on/clear key.

3. If you see an E in the display, clear the error before you begin.

4. If you see an M in the display, clear the memory and the calculator before you begin.

5. If the number in the display is not one of the answer choices, check your work.

6. Remember, your calculator will NOT automatically perform the order of operations.

7. Calculators might display an incorrect answer if you press the keys too quickly. When workingwith calculators, use careful and deliberate keystrokes, and always remember to check youranswer to make sure that it is reasonable.

8. The negative sign may appear either to the left or to the right of the number.

9. Always check your answer to make sure that you have completed all of the necessary steps.

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Negative Sign

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Page 4

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Biology 1 EOC Practice Test Questions

Go OnPage 5

1. A team of ecologists observed feeding patterns of several populations in

the desert. The energy pyramid shown below depicts the feeding

patterns the ecologists observed.

Which of the following best explains the difference in the amount of

available energy in the trophic levels of the desert ecosystem?

A There is less energy available in the producers because their

tissues are less dense than those at higher trophic levels.

B There is more energy available in the second trophic level

because less energy is needed for hunting compared to the highertrophic levels.

C There is more available energy in the birds of prey because

they have greater muscle mass for storing energy than organisms in lower trophic levels have.

D There is less available energy in the fourth trophic level

because of the loss of energy through metabolism in each of the lowertrophic levels.

100000314448_4 B1SCL1709M314448

Birds of Prey

Fourth Trophic Level

Third Trophic Level

Second Trophic Level

First Trophic Level

SmallMammals

Cacti Desert Trees

FloweringShrubs

Insects

SmallBirdsSnakes

DESERT ENERGY PYRAMID

Go On


Page 6

2. Water is essential for life. Its special properties make water the single

most important molecule in plant life. Which of the following properties of

water enable it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?

A Water expands as it freezes.

B Water is an excellent solvent.

C Water exhibits cohesive behavior.

D Water is able to moderate temperatures.

100000314457_3 B1SCL1812M314457


Go OnPage 7

3. An osmosis investigation was conducted using chicken eggs to represent

cells with semipermeable membranes. The mass of each egg was

measured to determine how much water diffused into or out of the eggs.

The eggs were first soaked in vinegar to dissolve the shell. Each egg was

then placed in one of three different solutions for 24 hours. The table

below shows the results of the investigation.

Based on this experiment, which of the following should be inferred about

cells with semipermeable membranes?

A Substances other than water may also cross the cell membrane.

B Substances other than water may block pores in the cell membrane.

C Water enters the cell when placed in environments of high water

concentration.

D Water leaves the cell when placed in environments with a low

concentration of solutes.

100000314443_3 B1SCN0101M314443

OSMOSIS IN CELLS

SolutionAverage Mass of

Eggs Before Soaking(grams)

Average Mass ofEggs After Soaking

(grams)

Difference inAverage Mass

(grams)

Percent Changein Average Mass

Vinegar(95% water)

Corn syrup(5% water)

Distilled water(100% water)

71.2

64.5

98.6

98.6

105.3

64.5

27.4

40.8

34.1

+38.5

+63.3

-34.6

Go On


Page 8

4. One of the accepted scientific theories describing the origin of life on

Earth is known as chemical evolution. According to this theory, which

of the following events would need to occur first for life to evolve?

A onset of photosynthesis

B origin of genetic material

C synthesis of organic molecules

D formation of the plasma membrane

100000387383_3 B1SCL1508M387383


Go OnPage 9

5. Hemophilia is a sex-linked, recessive trait. Which of the following

describes the probability of hemophilia in the offspring of a man who

does not have hemophilia and a woman who is a heterozygous carrier?

A There is a 100% chance that their sons will have hemophilia.

B There is a 0% chance that their daughters will have hemophilia.

C There is a 25% chance that their sons will have hemophilia.

D There is a 50% chance that their daughters will have hemophilia.

100000314450_2 B1SCL1601M314450

Go On


Page 10

For questions 6, 7, and 8, refer to the following passage and illustration.

100000452478

A cell membrane is composed of a double layer of lipids in whichmany kinds of proteins are embedded. Many of these proteins act likegates, allowing only certain particles to enter or leave the cell.

When a particle has to go against its concentration gradient throughone of these gates, energy is supplied by the cell to the correct proteinto move the particle through the membrane. A sodium-potassium ionpump is an example of a type of carrier protein that uses a largeportion of the cell’s energy to move sodium ions through the cellmembrane.

Lipid Layers

Particles Carrier ProteinProtein

Protein Energy(from ATP)

Cell Membrane


Go OnPage 11

6. The sodium-potassium ion pump found in some cell membranes is made

of which of the following basic structural components?

A amino acids

B fatty acids

C monosaccharides

D nucleotides

100000475760_1 B1SCL1801M475760

Go On


Page 12

7. What is a primary function of the cell membrane?

A determining genetic traits

B defending against foreign particles

C breaking down proteins for energy

D generating energy from mineral nutrients

100000475759_2 B1SCL1403M475759


Go OnPage 13

8. Why does the study of cell membranes lead to a better understanding of

cell function?

A All cell functions occur in the cell membrane.

B All energy transfers occur at the cell membrane.

C All cell membranes contain the information for making proteins.

D All materials needed for cell functions must pass through the cell

membrane.

100000475758_4 B1SCL1403M475758

Go On


Page 14

9. The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of

evidence. The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different

animal species.

How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for

the scientific theory of evolution?

A It provides information about the organisms’ habitats.

B It shows possible common ancestry between organisms.

C It provides information to determine the organisms’ ages.

D It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms.

100000314439_2 B1SCL1501M314439

not to scale

Alligator

Pelvic Boneand Hind Legs Ribs

Ulna Phalanges

RadiusHumerus

SpinalColumn

Whale

Pelvic Boneand Hind

Legs

SpinalColumn

Ribs

Ulna

Radius HumerusPhalanges


Go OnPage 15

10. The diagram below shows the relationship between photosynthesis and

cellular respiration and the organelles in which they occur.

Which statement describes how photosynthesis and cellular respiration

are interrelated?

A Oxygen is produced during cellular respiration and stored during

photosynthesis.

B Carbon dioxide and water released by cellular respiration are used in

photosynthesis.

C Photosynthesis releases the energy that is stored during the process

of cellular respiration.

D Glucose is used during cellular respiration to produce food that is

broken down during photosynthesis.

100000385151_1 10000038526890

+ +

Sunlight Energy

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

ATP

Glucose

Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide

Water

Go On


Page 16

11. As food travels through the digestive system, it is exposed to a variety of

pH levels. The stomach has a pH of 2 due to the presence of hydrochloric

acid (HCl), and the small intestine has a pH ranging from 7 to 9. HCl

converts pepsinogen into pepsin, an enzyme that digests proteins in the

stomach. Which of the following most likely happens to pepsin as it

enters the small intestine?

A It becomes inactive.

B It begins to replicate.

C Its shape changes to engulf large proteins.

D Its activity increases to digest more proteins.

100000314455_1 B1SCL1801M314455


Page 17

12. Genes for medically important proteins can be cloned and inserted into

bacteria, as shown in the diagram below.

Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a

human protein?

A DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same.

B Bacterial cells contain the same organelles as human cells.

C The basic components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria.

D Bacterial cells and human cells contain the same kind of

chromosomes.

100000451108_3 B1SCL1603M451108

Plasmid Vector Recombinant Plasmid

DNA Fragmentwith Human Gene

Bacterial Cell ProducesHuman Protein

TransformedBacterial Cell

RecombinantPlasmid

BacterialDNA

Documents

Biology 1 End-of-Course Assessment Practice Test Questions