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End of Year Revision BookletYear 7 topics
Biology:Cells
Reproduction
Chemistry: Particles and their Behaviour
Elements, Atoms and Compounds
Physics:Forces
Biology 1 – CellsMagnificationQ: Magnification of a microscope can be calculated using the following equation:
Magnification=Eyepiece x Objective lens
Calculate the magnification of the following:
1. Eye piece: x20, Objective lens: x50 Magnification = ………………………………
2. Eye piece: x10, Objective lens: x200 Magnification = ………………………………
3. Eye piece: x15, Objective lens: x250 Magnification = ………………………………
4. Eye piece: x20, Objective lens: x1000 Magnification = ………………………………
5. Eye piece: x12, Objective lens: x50 Magnification = ………………………………
CellsQ: Label the following cells and organelles.
Type of cell: ………………………………………………. Type of cell: ……………………………………………….
Unicellular organismsQ: What does the term “Unicellular organism” mean?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: What does the term “Multicellular organism” mean?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Specialized CellsQ: State the name and function of the following specialised cells:
Cell diagram Cell name Cell function
Bacterium
Dents
Side view
Top view
OrganellesQ: Describe the function of, and where you would find, the following organelles
OrganelleAnimal cell, plant cell or
both?Function
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Cell Wall
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Food vacuole Unicellular organism
Contractile vacuole
Unicellular organism
Pseudopod Unicellular organism
Eyespot Unicellular organism
Cell reproductionQ: Describe each stage of cell reproduction below:
Stage of division Description1.
2.
3.
4.
Biology 2 – ReproductionPubertyQ: Give 3 examples of physical changes that occur during puberty in males, females and both.
Changes in males:
1. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
2. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
3. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
Changes in females:
1. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
2. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
3. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
Changes in both:
1. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
2. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
3. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
Q: What are the male and female reproductive hormones?
Males: ……………………..………………………………………………………
Females: ……………………..………………………………………………………
Sexual reproduction – Sex cellsQ: Complete the sentences below.
The female sex cells are the …………………………, also known as the …………………………
The male sex cells are the …………………………
………………………… cells are produced constantly throughout the lifetime of the human.
The human is born with all of its ………………………… cells. One matures each month during the menstrual cycle.
Reproductive systemMale Reproductive SystemQ: Label the diagrams of the male reproductive system below
Q: Describe the structure and function of the male reproductive system organs below.
Male reproductive structure Description of structure Function
Scrotum
Testis
Sperm duct
Glands
Bladder
Urethra
Penis
Female Reproductive SystemQ: Label the diagrams of the female reproductive system below
Q: Describe the structure and function of the female reproductive system organs below.
Female reproductive structure Description of structure Function
Ovary
Oviduct
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
Urethra
Bladder
Sexual intercourse - Journey of the spermFill in the blanks of the journey of the sperm from testis to ova below
Step 1 Sperm is created in the …………………………
Step 2 The sperm travels along the …………………………
Step 3 As the sperm passes into the ………………………… it is mixed with other fluids to form …………………………
Step 4 The semen travels along the …………………………
Step 5 During ………………………… ………………………… semen is ejaculated from the penis and is deposited in the
……………...…………………………
Step 6 The sperm passes through the ………………………… into the …………………………
Step 7 The sperm travels along the ………………………… into the ………………………….
Step 8 In the ………………………… the sperm cell and the ………………………… merge
Step 9 The fertilised ………………………… (zygote) is formed and travels into the …………………………
Step 10 The zygote implants in the wall of the …………………………
Pregnancy and the foetusQ: Label the diagram with the following terms.
Amniotic fluid Placenta Cervix Umbilical cordVagina Uterus Foetus.
The menstrual cycleQ: Assign the correct order to the following statements about the menstrual cycle
Order (1-5) DescriptionIf the egg has not met with a sperm cell by about day 21 of the cycle, the lining of the uterus will stop thickening and begin to break down.
Ovulation is the release of the egg from the ovary. It occurs on day 14 of the cycle.
After ovulation, the uterus wall becomes spongy and filled with blood ready for the egg if it becomes fertilised. the egg takes about 3 days to travel down the oviduct to the uterus.
The cycle starts with the menstrual period, which lasts for about 5 days. It is the loss of the lining of the uterus, which is lost together with blood from the vagina.
Once the period has ended the wall of the uterus begins to thicken for the next egg release. Between day 5 and day 14 one egg reaches full maturity.
Plant AnatomyQ: Label the following parts of a flowering plant
PollinationQ: State and describe the two main types of pollination.
Type of pollination Description
Q: Describe three ways in which flowers attract pollinating insects
1. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
2. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
3. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
Fertilisation in plantsQ: Draw one line from each function to the correct structure
Function Structure
anthers
where female gametes are formed
ovules
where pollen grains are produced
stigma
where pollen grains land during pollination
style
Seed dispersal and GerminationQ: Fill in the missing words in the following passage
Germination is the process where the ………………………… begins to grow into a young plant. Seeds
need …………………………, oxygen, and warmth for ………………………… to occur. The seed swells, splits, and young roots
and shoots emerge. The roots will begin to grow ………………………… into the soil. The shoots will
grow ………………………… towards the …………………………, and new leaves will develop.
Q: State 4 ways in which seeds can be dispersed:
1. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
2. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
3. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
4. …………………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
Chemistry 1 – Particles and their behaviourStates of MatterQ: Tick the appropriate boxes to indicate which state of matter fits the description
Property Solid Liquid Gas Property Solid Liquid Gas
Can be poured Will expand to fill a whole container
Particles are all touching Will spread out along the bottom of a container
Particles have large gaps between them Can flow down a pipe
Particles are in a regular pattern
Would be appropriate as a building material
Particles are ordered randomly Has the highest energy
Particles are moving Has the lowest energy
Can be compressed Particles are NOT attached to each other so can move
Changing StatesQ: label the following changes of state
A: ……………………………………………………..……………… B: ……………………………………………………..………………
C: ……………………………………………………..……………… D: ……………………………………………………..………………
E: ……………………………………………………..………………
C D
BA
E
Q: Room temperature is 20°C. Predict what the physical state of the following substances will be at room temperature.
Substance Melting Point (°C) Boiling Point (°C) Physical state at room temp (20°C)
A 0 100
B -400 -200
C 5 2000
D 50 500
E -150 10
F 13 112
G 447 782
DiffusionQ: Use the following words ONCE to complete the sentences below:
Diffusion Faster Small Large High Low Gas Temperature Medium Slower
The process where a liquid or a _________________ spread out is called _________________ during this process,
the liquid or gas will move from an area of _________________ concentration to an area of _________________
concentration.
The speed of _________________ can be affected by three different things.
We can increase or decrease the _________________ of the liquid or gas, this causes the particles to move
_________________.
We can change the size of particles, which will affect their speed. _________________ Particles will go much faster
than _________________ ones.
We can also change the _________________ which the particles are passing through. A Particle passing through
custard is going to go much _________________ than one passing through water.
Gas PressureQ: Gas pressure is caused by gas particles pushing outwards on the walls of it’s container.
Below is a car tyre. Add particles and arrows to the diagram to show how the movement of particles causes gas pressure.
Q: If we warm up the tyre, the gas pressure increases. What happens to the particles when you heat them up? Why does the gas pressure increase?
______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Chemistry 2 – Elements, Atoms and CompoundsElementsQ: What is the name of the table which contains all the different kinds of elements?
…………………………..…………………………………………………………..……………………………
Q: What is shows by each of the boxes on the table discussed above?
………………………………………………………..……………
………………………………………………………..……………
………………………………………………………..……………
………………………………………………………..……………23
11SodiumNa
MoleculesQ: Label the following diagrams as either an element, molecule or compound.
…………………………………… …………………………………… ……………………………………
Q: Match each of the particle diagrams below with the correct statement
CompoundsQ: When two elements combine they usually end with the -ide sound. Name the products of the following reactions
1) Sodium + chlorine ………………………………………………………..……………
2) Magnesium + fluorine ………………………………………………………..……………
3) Lithium + iodine ………………………………………………………..……………
4) Chlorine + copper ………………………………………………………..……………
5) Oxygen + iron ………………………………………………………..……………
They can group up and be attached to different elements
They can group up and be attached to the same element
They can exist on their own, not attached to any other
element
Several atoms from one element onlyA singular atom
Several atoms from one element only
Lots of atoms from two different elements
Q: Name the following compounds:
1. KBr ………………………………………………………..……………
2. LiCl ………………………………………………………..……………
3. CaO ………………………………………………………..……………
4. MgO2 ………………………………………………………..……………
5. KF ………………………………………………………..……………
Chemical FormulaeQ: Write chemical formulae for the following compounds
…………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………
……………………… …………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………………
Chemistry 3 – Acids and AlkalisAcids and AlkalisQ: Complete the following sentences
All acids taste …………………………
Acids create the ion …………………………
All alkalis feel …………………………
Alkalis create the ion …………………………
Q: Concentration is calculated using the following equation:
Concentration= Mass (g )volume (c m3 )
Draw an equation triangle for this equation
Q: Calculate the mass, volume and concentration missing in the following table
Mass (g) Volume (c m3) Concentration (g/cm3)500 1000
250 2000
1000 3
250 4.5
2000 5
500 0.02
pH ScaleQ: What is the range of pH? …………………………..……………
Q: What pH range shows a solution is acidic? …………………………..……………
Q: What pH range shows a solution Is alkaline? …………………………..……………
Q: What pH value shows a solution is neutral? …………………………..……………
IndicatorsQ: Do the following colours of universal indicator represent an acid, neutral or alkaline solution?
Indicator colour
Acid, alkaline or neutral? Strong or weak?
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet
Q: Explain what colour change red litmus paper shows and what that indicates.
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: Explain what colour change blue litmus paper shows and what that indicates.
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
NeutralisationQ: Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and alkali forming a neutral solution. Complete the chemical equation to show neutralisation.
Acid+Alkali→………………….+…………………….
Q: Describe the difference between an acid and a base.
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: Draw the curve you would expect to see if an alkali was added to a solution with pH 1 until it was pH 13.
Making Salts
Q: State what salts are formed from the following acids.
Type of acid used Name of salt
Hydrochloric (HCl)
Sulfuric (H 2SO4)
Nitric (HNO3)
Q: Predict the name of the salt formed in the following reactions
Acid Alkali/Metal oxide Salt
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Sodium hydroxide
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Calcium hydroxide
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Magnesium hydroxide
Nitric acid (HNO3) Lithium hydroxide
Sulfuric acid (H 2SO4) Copper oxide
Hydrofluoric acid (HF) Iron oxide
Hydroiodic acid (HI ) Zinc oxide
Soil pHQ: What pH do plants go the best in?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: Why do plants die if the soil is too acidic?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: Why do plants die if the soil is too alkaline?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: What do you need to add to soil to raise the pH?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: What do you need to add to soil to lower the pH?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Physics 1 – ForcesWhat are forces?Q: Define “force”
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: What is the force shown below?
………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: What units are used to measure a force? ………………………..
Drag and frictionQ: What force is described by the following definitions?
“A slowing force between 2 solid objects rubbing together” ………..…………………………………………………………..
“A slowing force between a solid object and water” ………..…………………………………………………………..
“A slowing force between a solid object and air” ………..…………………………………………………………..
“The name given to both the slowing forces of air and water” ………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: Are the following statements true or false?
“Friction is between two gasses” ………..…………………………
“Friction creates heat” ………..…………………………
“Drag happens between a solid and a gas or a liquid” ………..…………………………
“Friction is NOT affected by the speed of the solid objects” ………..…………………………
“Drag is NOT affected by the speed of the solid object” ………..…………………………
Q: Explain why drag is a slowing force.
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Balanced or unbalanced?Q: If the forces on a system are balanced, will the system move? Explain your answer.
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: Are the following systems balanced or unbalanced? If they are unbalanced, explain which direction, left or right, they will move and with what force. The first has been completed for you.
Deforming forcesQ: Give two examples of deforming forces. ………..……………………………….. and ………..………………………………..
Q: What does Hooke’s law state?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: Draw an arrow to where the “Limit of proportionality” or “Elastic limit” is shown on the graph below
Weight and massQ: If an object from Earth is taken to the moon, do the mass or the weight of the object change? Explain your answer.
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: The weight of an object can be calculated using the following equation
Weight (N )=Mass (kg ) x g(N /kg)
What does the term “g” in the above equation mean?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: Calculate the weight of a 10kg object on the following planets
Object mass (kg) Planet g (N /kg) Object weight (N)
10 Earth 9.8
10 Jupiter 23
10 Mercury 3.7
10 Mars 3.7
10 The Moon 1.6
10 The Sun 270
Interaction pairsQ: Interaction pairs of forces are two forces that work in exact opposite directions to one another. Give an example of an interaction pair for the following forces.
Situation Main force Interaction pair.
Book at rest on a table Gravity
Pushing a box along the ground Applied force
Throwing a ball through the air Applied force
Boat moving through water Applied force
Falling with a parachute Gravity
A boat at rest on the water Gravity
A Weight held up by a rope Gravity
Q: Are the following forces contact or non-contact?
Force Contact or non-contact?
Applied force
Gravity/weight
Friction
Water resistance (drag)
Air resistance (drag)
Tension
Reaction force
Upthrust
Managing forcesQ: What is a lubricant and what force does it help to reduce?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: Why are aircraft, boats and cars curved and smooth shapes rather than box-like?
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………..
Q: Draw the shape of a magnetic field and gravitational field below.