Bioavailability of minerals

8/20/2019 Bioavailability of minerals

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BIOAVAILABILITY OFMINERALS


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Defnitions The proportion o the element consume th!t is utili"#iochemic!l or ph$siolo%ic unction &O'Dell( )**+,

A me!sure o the proportion o the tot!l !mount o ! th!t is utili"e or norm!l #o$ unctions &F!ir-e!ther

The e%ree to -hich !n in%este nutrient in ! p!rticu!#sor#e in ! orm th!t c!n #e utili"e in met!#olism!nim!l &Ammerm!n et !l/( )**0,

The r!ction o the in%este nutrient th!t is utili"e oph$siolo%ic!l unctions or stor!%e &1!c2son( )**+,


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• First basic law of nutrition3 No nutrient is !#sor#e !n

utili"e to the ull e4tent th!

eSteven Blezi


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5h$ to 6no- !#outBio!7!il!#ilit$ 8

• 9roper miner!l supplement!tion&2no-le%e o miner!l !7!il!#ilee supplements use commo

• :ost economics/&inor%!nic o7eror%!nic comple4es,


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;o- is Bio!7!il!#ilit$ !ccess

• T-o !ppro!ches !re commonl$ !o),In 7i7o


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In 7i7o• Anim!l perorm!nce

• Di%estion>A#sorption coe?cient• :onc/ In Tissues &Imp is!7 -ith #one

stuies,

• Tot!l miner!l content in #o$

• Bloo p!r!meters

• :oncentr!tions in secret!r$ @uis

• :oncentr!tions in urine


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Suit!#le criteri! or estim!tin%#io!7!il!#ilit$

Species Criterion

Pigs Growth, Bone and Plasma Zn, Plasma APhosphatase

Chicks Growth, Bone Zn

Ruminants Growth, Plasma Zn, Plasma Alkaline Ph


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Suit!#le :riteri! For Estim!tin% :Bio!7!il!#ilit$

Species Criterion

Nonruminants Bile Cu? Plasma iamine !"idase?

Ruminants Plasma and li#er Cu, Plasma Ceruloplasmi

Plasma iamine !"idase


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Relative Bioavailability-More pra

Comparision of mineral retention from two or mdifferent rates of intake has been assessed.

Partial body retention or enzyme responses or ab prevent defeciency conditions or rates of excretion

An eg;-- !"ell et al.# reported that $n in wheat

and non-fat milk was '(% )' and *+, as available as that in $inc carbonate.

Ch i l f i l i


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Chemical &orms of race inerals in P

aterialsinerals &orms in Plants

$inc Anionic complexes; fiber associated; phytate com

Copper /eutral or anionic complexes; fiber associated; ph

0elenium 0elenomethionine; selenite; selenate

1ron &erritin; porphyrins; anionic complexes; ferric hyd

anganese 2argely unknown

1odine 1odide ion

olybdenum olybdate ion


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Miner!l SourcesMiner!l Supplement Empiric!l ormul! Miner!l concentr!tion &percent, Rel!ti7e #io!7!il!#ilit$ &RV,

:!lcium :!lcium c!r#on!te :!:O )CC/CC

Bone me!l 7!ri!#le


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Factors Afecting Bioavailabil

:hemic!l orm o the Miner!l

Amount o miner!l in the iet

Amount store in the #o$

Anti.Nutrition!l !ctors present in the :oncentr!tion o other Miner!ls

Other !ctors inclue Anim!l rel!te !nEn7ironment!l rel!te !ctors/


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HOW TO IMPROVE BIOAVAILAB

REMOVAL OF ANTI.N=TRITIONAL FA

&Biolo%ic!l oo processin% techniGues th!t incre!se the !the n!ti7e en"$mes !re so!2in%( %ermin!tion( h$rothe

tre!tment !n erment!tion/,

=SINH ORHANI: MINERAL :OM9LE


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Classi$ication o$ orgaClassi$ication o$ orga

mineralsminerals

%& 'etal (speci$ic amino acid)

Comple"

*& 'etal Amino acid Comple"

+& 'etal Amino acid Chelate

& 'ineral proteinnates

-& 'ineral pol.saccharide com


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Metal (specific amino acid) Complex

resulting $rom comple"ing a solu1le me

speci$ic amino acid& 'inimum metal mu

2hen used as a commercial $eed ingred

declared as a speci$ic metal, i&e& copper

3inc l.sine comple" etc&

3xamples are4•Copper lysine complex $inc lysi

•&erric methionine complex $inc methio

•anganese methionine complex


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Metal Amino acid Complex / Product resulting $rom comp

a solu1le metal salt (such as copper or manganese, etc)

amino acid(s)& 'inimum metal content must declared when

a commercial $eed ingredient&

3xamples are4

• 1ron amino acid complex

• Calcium amino acid complex

• Potassium amino acid complex

• anganese amino acid complex

Metal Amino acid Chelate / 0he product resulting $rom the rea


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Metal Amino acid Chelate / 0he product resulting $rom the rea

a metal ion $rom a solu1le metal salt with amino acids, with a mo

o$ one mole o$ metal to one to three (pre$era1l. two) moles o$

acids to $orm coordinate co#alent 1onds&

Amino acids molecular weight must 1e appro"imatel. %-4 the C

molecular weight must not e"ceed 544& 0he minimum metal

must 1e declared& 2hen used as a commercial $eed ingredient,

3xamples are4

56Calcium amino acid chelate +6Cobalt amino acid c


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Metal proteinate is the prod

resulting from the chelation

solublesalt with amino acids a

partially hydrolyzed protein. 1t m

declared as a ingredient as the sp

proteinate.

3xamples are4

•Copper proteinate

•$inc proteinate

•agnesium proteina


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Metal Polysaccharide Complex

product resulting $rom comple"ing

salt with a pol.saccharide solution dingredient as the speci$ic metal comp

3xamples are4

•Copper polysaccharide complex

•1ron polysaccharide complex

Mode of action


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Mode of action

Sta1le in rumen en#ironment 6 a1om

eli#ered in small intestine as su

A1sor1ed through acti#e transport (mo

le#el)

7t act as 1iological comple" (more tiss

8nter into di$$erent pool

'eta1oli3a1le in di$$erentl.( Neather. e

(Pharmaco;d.anamics nutrient) (usin


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I!"ortance o# Organic !co!"le$es%

)st concept. St!#ilit$ :on

Less inter!ction -ith 7it!Min premi4es

Better perorm!nce th!nsupplements &5e!nin% -ec!l7es e -ith Jn>Mn met

o7er Jn>Mn o4ie,


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ConclusionsChelated minerals usually cost more

metal element% than the same metal in ino

7istorically the argument against chincreased use of inorganics was more

feeding chelates.

7owever% there is indication

situations8high producers 9 0tressed :achieve biologic endpoints that inorganic


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Re#erences

• Bio!7!il!#ilit$ o m!cro !n microminer!ls in !nim!ls. R/ S/ D!ss

• Bio!7!il!#ilit$ o miner!ls in Li7estFees !n Fee Supplements. 1/ V/

R!m!n!• Online !rticles !n Euc!tion!l 7ie TNO


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Thank You

:;INNAM ;ARIS;6;ANNAHVM>C).

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Bioavailability of minerals