BIO 3: protista

8/8/2019 BIO 3: protista

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Activity 3:PROTISTA


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K. ProtistaGeneral Characteristics:

Eukaryotic

With true nucleus (enclosed in a nuclear

membrane)

Genetic material: DNA+proteins

CHROMOSOMES

Membrane bound organelles (more complex

in structure and function, specialization of

cell processes)


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Diverse considered as the

Waste bin

Plant-like

Animal-like

Fungal-like

K. Protista


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Mode of nutrition

Photoautotroph

Heterotroph

Myxotroph (decomposers)

Form: unicellular or multicellular

Solitary, filamentous, colonial

K. Protista


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Mode of Reproduction

Asexual: binary fission

Sexual: conjugation

Motility:

non motile (sessile)

motile (flagella, cilia,pseudopods)

K. Protista


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Life cycle

haplonticdiplontic

diplohaplontic

K. Protista


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Plant-like

Stramenophiles Oomycetes Watermolds

Bacillariophyta Navicula

Phaeophyta Sargassum

Red algae Rhodophyta Galaxaura

Green algae Chlorophyta Volvox, Spirogyra

Plant-like,Animal-like Euglenophyta Euglena

Animal like

Alveolates Apicomplexans Plasmodium falciparum

Pyrrophyta Pyrodinium

Ciliophora Paramecium

Fungal-like Mycetozoans Physarum

K. Protista

s


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Plant-like Protists

Stramenophiles- with hair-likeprojections on their flagella (tinsel)

Heterokonts- 2 different flagella

OOMYCETES- water molds Fungal-like organisms that thrive in running

water and humid places


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Bacillariophyta (DIATOMS or grass of the

sea)

CW made up of silica and pectin

Frustules- epitheca, hypotheca

Stored food: Chrysolaminarin

Navicula

Plant-like Protists


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Phaeophyta (Brown algae)

CW made up of pectin and alginic acid

Stored food: Laminarin and mannitol Sargassum

Plant-like Protists


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Plant-like protists

Rhodophyta (Red algae)

CW made of agar and carrageenan

Stored food: floridean starch

Pigment: Phycobillin- Phycoerythrin

Galaxaura, Porphyra, Gracillaria


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Plant-like protists

Chlorophyta (green algae)

CW made of cellulose

Stored food: Starch

Pigment: chl a and b

Volvox, Spirogyra


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Plant-like-Animal-like

Euglenophyta: Euglenoids

Euglena

Unicellular, flagellated, autotrophic,

facultative heterotroph

Stored food: paramylon

No cell wall; has pellicle which is a thin

pliable membrane for support andflexibility

Euglenoid movement: metaboly


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Animal-like Protists Alveolates- with the structure: alveoli (small

membrane bound cavities beneath the cellsurface

ApicomplexansDinoflagellates

Ciliates Rhizopods


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Animal-like Protists

Apicomplexans Known as pathogenic to humans

Plasmodium falciparum a parasite living

in the female mosquito (Anopheles), known

to cause malaria

infective stage: sporozoites


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Pryrrophyta : Dinoflagellates Pyrodinium

blooms can cause RED TIDE; someproduce neurotoxins that can cause

paralysis, or worse, death Cellulosic plates (armor)

2 flagella: 1 lies in the longitudinal groove,the other at the transverse groove---

movement is spinning while movingforward

Photosynthetic: with chl a and c orheterotrophic


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Phylum Ciliophora: Ciliates

Paramecium

Bristle-like organelles- CILIA (outgrowths of

the protoplasm, used for locomotion andfeeding)

With 2 types of nucleus: MACRONUCLEUS

(for cell control and asexual reproduction:

binary fission), MICRONUCLEUS (sexualreproduction: conjugation)


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Animal-like Protists Phylum Rhizopoda: Rhizopods: Amoeba

Gray, jell-like, single celled

Parasitic: Entamoeba histolyticaintestinal

walls: cau

ses amoebic dysentery With pseudopods that creep towards food

source

PHAGOCYTOSIS- the pseudopodia will

engulf a particle and package it in a foodvacuole. The food vacuole will fuse with the

lysosome, that will release the digestive

enzymes


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Fungi- like Protists

Division Myxomycota (myxomycete) Known also as the plasmodial slime mold

Physarum

has structural adaptations for decomposition

Plasmodium- (diploid/2n) multinucleatedfeeding stage that move through protoplasmic

streaming

Fruiting body- production of sporangium with

spores (haploid/n) that will germinate to be

either a myxamoebae (n) or swarm cells (n)


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end

Documents

BIO 3: protista