Bikes Mean Business for Berkeley, CA

[IN]CITY 2015 INSTRUCTORS // NICOLA SZIBBO, PhD / SONIA-LYNN ABENOJAR / JUSTIN KEARNAN / ERIC ANDERSON GROUP // ELLIOTT FISHER / DANIELLE GLASER / OLIVIA DOROW HOVLAND / EMILY LEADER

*

BIKES MEAN BUSINESS: A MORE BIKE-FRIENDLY BERKELEY

FEASIBILITY STUDY & DESIGN METHODS

Bikeway Design Based on Best Practices & Precedents

STUDY AREA

UNIVERSITY

ALLSTON

CHANNING

DWIGHT

HEARST

SHAT

TU

CK

MLK

MILV

IA

Study Area

2Miles

0.65Miles

How can we improve the Milvia Bicycle Boulevard to support businesses and improve safety & access for all users?

71% of Berkeley residents are “interested but concerned” about bicycling.

UN

IVER

SIT

Y

BER

KEL

EY W

AY

AD

DIS

ON

CEN

TER

ALL

STO

N

KIT

TR

EDG

E

BAN

CRO

FT

DU

RA

NT

CH

AN

NIN

G

HA

STE DW

IGH

T

HEA

RST

SHATTUCK

MLK

MILVIA

BERKELEY HIGH SCHOOL

UC BERKELEY

ART

S D

IST

RIC

T

BE

RK

ELE

Y

CIT

Y C

OLL

EG

E

CITY HALL

CIV

IC

CE

NT

ER

PA

RK

OH

LON

E P

AR

K

HE

RR

ICK

M

ED

ICA

L C

AM

PU

SBE

RK

ELE

Y

PU

BLI

C

LIB

RA

RY

WHY MILVIA STREET?

LAND USERetail

Restaurant

Office, R&D

Entertainment

Residential, Single-Family and Duplex

Residential, Apartments

Civic, Edu., & Cultural Destination

Civic, Other

Medical

Automotive

Milvia Street provides bike access to key downtown destinations.

The first step in making Berkeley the world’s best city for biking is improving safety through design.

Shopper InterceptAssess economic impact

Parking StudyAssess transportation impact

N

16%

71%

10%

Source: Berkeley Bike Survey

INTERESTED BUT CONCERNED

NO WAY NO HOW

STRONG AND FEARLESS

ENTHUSIASTIC AND CONFIDENT

3%

LEVEL OF CYCLIST COMFORT IN BERKELEY

PREFERRED CYCLING ENVIRONMENT

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

7%

60%

33%

1%

PORTLAND0

20

40

60

80

100

13%

45%

38%

4%

EDMONTON0

20

40

60

80

100

15%

39%

44%

2%

AUSTIN

Berkeley residents are most comfortable riding on protected bike lanes.

Source: Berkeley Bike Survey

BUFFERED BIKE LANE

STRIPED LANE

NO BIKE LANE

LEA

ST

CO

MFO

RTA

BLE

PROTECTED BIKE LANE

MO

STC

OM

FORT

ABL

E

BIKES MEAN BUSINESS:



*

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Hearst & Milvia Channing & Milvia Russell & MLK Bowditch &Channing

BERKELEY SHOULD ACT NOWA HISTORY OF THE CITY’S INITIATIVES

BICYCLE TRAFFIC ROOM FOR IMPROVEMENTBICYCLE COLLISIONS (2001-2015)PASSENGER DROP OFF (2015) AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC (2007)

4,1475,099

21,44619,511

2,794

3,1462,753

OX

FOR

D

STREETS IN BERKELEY

Milvia Street’s high volume of bike and vehicle traffic creates congestion and conflicts for all travel modes.

NU

MBE

R O

F PE

OPL

E R

IDIN

G B

ICY

CLE

S

VOLUME DURING 2-HOUR PERIODVEHICLE TRAFFIC

0-20

20-40

40-60

60-80

80-100

Phase 1 of Plan Plan of Network

Proposed Milvia Renovation

Bikeway Network

BERKELEY BIKEWAYS PLAN BERKELEY BIKE NETWORK

BLAKE ST.

MIL

VIA

ST.

HEARST AVE.

CHANNING WAY

<3,000 vehicles/day

3,000 - 4,000 vehicles/day

4,000 - 6,000 vehicles/day

>6,000 vehicles/day

Low

Medium

High

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E.

UNIVERSITY AVE.ALLSTON WAY

KITTREDGE ST.

BANCROFT

MIL

VIA

ST.

MA

RTIN

LU

TH

ER K

ING

WAY

308288308

573

1971 2015

1992

20001971

2005

2015

Berkeley Bikeways Plan adopted

1972Bike East Bay established

1990

Bikes allowed on BART

Berkeley drafts new Bike Plan

Berkeley’s Bike Plan adopted

Amendments made to 2000 Bike Plan

Updates to current plan

MIL

VIA

ST.

Bikeway Network

Source: “City of Berkeley Bicycle Counts: Summary of Trends, 2000-2014 - DRAFT”Source: Berkeley Climate Action Coalition Transportation Working Group, “Milvia Bicycle Boulevard: Changes Needed,” 2015

Source: “Berkeley Downtown Area Plan EIR, Existing Transportation Conditions Report - DRAFT,” Revised April 19, 2007 Source: http://www.dailycal.org/2015/02/19/berkeley-streets-prove-dangerous-cyclists-2000-collisions-since-2001/

MIL

VIA

ST.

BLAKE ST.

MIL

VIA

ST.

HEARST AVE.

CHANNING WAY




*

OTHER CITIES’ SHOPPING SURVEYS

PARKING REMOVAL PERCEPTIONS

TORONTO STUDY

SAN FRANCISCO: POLK STREET STUDY

68% walk or take pub-lic transit to Polk

Street

56% live in the same zip code as the

project area

BIKE EAST BAY SURVEY METHODS

SHAT

TU

CK

AVEN

UE

CENTER STREET

ALLSTON WAY

ADDISON STREET

KITTREDGE STREET

Walkers visit the area most often and spend the most money

12% bike to Bloor

Street warranting dedicated services to

protect cyclists

Merchants believe the majority of their patrons drive to downtown. Shopper intercept surveys reveal how people actually travel and spend money in the area.

SURVEYING THE STREET

DOWNTOWN BERKELEY MERCHANT SURVEY

Merchants’ perceptions of how customers reach downtown:

59% 19% 14% 10% 9%

Drive Walk BART Bus Bike

“That we work in a small but urban environment is no excuse for the dearth of affordable and accessible parking. Downtown suffers because of it.”

“The city of Berkeley is unlike other cities because it actively discourages leisure shopping and working in the

city.”

“Parking in downtown Berkeley is difficult and expensive.

Most people say they avoid the area because of this.”city-collected surveys

128

surveys collected on 7/2867



surveys are statistically significant by Bike East Bay’s standards

332

DOWNTOWN BERKELEY SURVEY AREA

Source: City of Berkeley goBerkeley merchant survey

MERCHANT SURVEY RESPONSES




*

SHOPPER SURVEY RESULTS

28%$50

8

$396

30%

$57

9

$513

11%

$40

13

$520

31%

$40

12

$480

Despite merchant perceptions, people who drive only account for 28% of downtown visitors. To increase business merchants should cater to people who bike, as they visit downtown the most often and spend the most money per month.

SPEN

D

* =

SPEN

D

* =SP

END

* =

SPEN

D

* =

Percentage who used each mode of travel Average amount spent per trip/person Average number of trips per month/person Average amount spent per month/person




*[IN]CITY 2015 INSTRUCTORS // NICOLA SZIBBO, PhD / SONIA-LYNN ABENOJAR / JUSTIN KEARNAN / ERIC ANDERSON GROUP // ELLIOTT FISHER / DANIELLE GLASER / OLIVIA DOROW HOVLAND / EMILY LEADER

UNIVERSITY AVE

MIL

VIA

ST.

BLAKE ST.

HEARST AVE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

goBERKELEY PILOT PROGRAMgoBERKELEY TDM PROGRAM

PARKING LOCATIONS

The goBERKELEY pilot program has improved parking conditions downtown. The area, however, has not met its targeted demand of 65%-85% utilization, nor has it been successful in changing the primary travel mode for commuters.

WEEKDAY WEEKEND

UNIVERSITY AVE

MIL

VIA

ST.

BLAKE ST.

HEARST AVE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

9:00AM

12:00PM

3:00PM

PARKING UTILIZATION RESULTS

HEARST AVE

UNIVERSITY AVE

MIL

VIA

ST.

BLAKE ST.

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

UNIVERSITY AVE

MIL

VIA

ST.

BLAKE ST.

HEARST AVE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

BLAKE ST.

UNIVERSITY AVE

MIL

VIA

ST.

HEARST AVE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

UNIVERSITY AVE

MIL

VIA

ST.

BLAKE ST.

HEARST AVE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

ON-STREET PARKING DEMAND

Improve parking conditions by changing parking rates and time limits

Increase use of travel alternatives

Reduce VMT & GHGs

Reduce congestion & searching for

parking

Decrease single

occupancy vehicle use

GARAGE / LOTAllston Way GarageBank of America LotBerkeley Way LotCenter Street GarageKittredge GarageMilvia Street Surface LotOxford GaragePromenada GarageUC Garages and LotsOn-street Parking

SPACES61037

1134212472399

1501,0772,554

TOTAL: 5,331

PARKING & TRAVEL OPTIONS

95

98

69

Walk Score

Bike Score

Transit Score

DEMAND-BASED VARIABLE PARKING FEES

Parking garages should be used by medium and long term parkers.

TRAVEL MODE SHIFT GOALS & STRATEGIES

*Metered spaces should be available only to customers and visitors.

Target Demand

Price cheaper than on-street parking

Significantly change the way that commuters arrive downtown *

PremiumParking$2.75/hr

ValueParking$1.50/hr

PermitParking$55/yr

ParkingGarages

ParkingLots

0.5mi

HEARST AVE

BLAKE ST.

UNIVERSITY AVE

CHANNING WAY

ALLSTON WAY

MIL

VIA

ST.

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

65% - 85%% of parking spaces occupied <65% >85%

65% - 85%

Free one-year AC Transit pass for residents

City CarShare Business Memberships

PARKING DOWNTOWN




*[IN]CITY 2015 INSTRUCTORS // NICOLA SZIBBO, PhD / SONIA-LYNN ABENOJAR / JUSTIN KEARNAN / ERIC ANDERSON GROUP // ELLIOTT FISHER / DANIELLE GLASER / OLIVIA DOROW HOVLAND / EMILY LEADER

WEEKDAY WEEKEND

PARKING AVAILABILITY BEYOND MILVIA STREETALTERNATIVE PARKING OPTIONS

ON-STREET PARKING DEMAND

>85%65% - 85%% of parking spaces occupied

SIDE STREET PARKING CAPACITY - 3PM WEEKDAY

No Use Data

FUTURE CENTER STREET GARAGE IMPACT

Parking capacity one block west and east of Milvia Street based on parking demand at 3pm on a weekday.

Capacity 1 Block West

35250

88

109

141Capacity 1 Block East

388

115Milvia Street

CURRENT GARAGE CAPACITY

FUTURE GARAGE CAPACITY

220 Hourly parking spaces220 Permit parking spaces

Approx. 20+ bike parking spaces

55 hourly parking spaces available based on 75% occupancy

400 Hourly parking spaces311 Permit parking spaces

Relocating the Bike Station here creates 300 bike parking spaces

Est. 235 hourly parking spaces available based on existing usage

Vacant parking spaces can be found on-street and in nearby parking garages or lots. These facilities have the capacity to absorb the possible removal of on-street spaces for a proposed protected bike lane on Milvia Street.

Rendering of Center Street Garage Image: Marcy Wong Donn Logan Architects

<65%

17 20 71 7

No Parking

HASTE

ADDISON

BERKELEY WAY

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

CENTER

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

DWIGHT

BLAKE

KITTREDGE

BANCROFT

DWIGHT

195

79

69

9

MIL

VIA

ST

REE

T

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E3:00PM

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

BLAKE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

BLAKE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

12:00PM

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

BLAKE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

BLAKE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

9:00AM

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

BLAKE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

BLAKE

SHAT

TU

CK

AV

E




*

THE BEST BIKE LANE FOR MILVIA STREETPREFERRED SOLUTION CASE STUDYTYPICAL SOLUTIONS

SHARED LANE

BIKE LANE

Richmond, VA

Baltimore, MD

Oakland, CA

BUFFERED BIKE LANE

CITROEN..

one-way road cycle trackcycle track

bu�er

10’ 3’ 7’ 7’sidewalk

8’

People on bicycles need additional seperation from vehicle traffic. Protected cycle tracks and bike lanes provide the room for a safer ride.

Physically separated from motor vehicle traffic

High level of safety and protection

**

NEW YORK CITY

RESULTS

Eight years and 12 projects later, New York City has installed over 30 miles of protected bike lanes. *

Broadway, NYC

PROTECTED CYCLE TRACK

reduction in total injuries

20%

reduction in travel time for cars along

Columbus Ave.

35%increase in

retail sales on 9th Ave

49%

increase in peopleusing bicycles on 2nd

Ave.

60%


*N

Z o n e A

Z o n e B

Z o n e C

Z o n e D


MILVIA & ALLSTON (at City Hall)B

MILVIA & HEARSTA

MILVIA & BLAKED

MILVIA & KITTREDGE (at Berkeley High School)

C

CITROEN..

40’

56’

Roadway

Right-Of-Way

16’7’ 9’8’ 16’Sidewalk SidewalkParking lane One Way + Bike Blvd One Way + Bike Blvd

10’

MILVIA STREET SECTIONS

CITROEN..

CITROEN..

60’

Roadway

Right-Of-Way

15’12’9’ 6’9’ 9’Sidewalk SidewalkParking lane One Way + Bike Blvd One Way + Bike Blvd Parking lane

45’

10’

One Way Road

10’

CITROEN..CITROEN

..

Sidewalk

Sidewalk Bike Lane Bike Lane Car ParkingOne Way RoadPassenger

Drop O�

70’

6’ 8’ 9’6’8’11’

50’

11’11’

Roadway

Right-Of-Way

8’ 10’8’10’

36’Roadway

56’Right-Of-Way 10’

10’10’SidewalkSidewalk Bike BlvdBike BlvdCar Parking Car Parking

CITROEN..

CITROEN..

Residential area with chicaning

High pedestrian traffic & congestion

Passenger drop-off & pick up

Residential area with diverters

EXISTING CONDITIONS

Milvia is a difficult street for people riding bicycles because of congestion, high traffic volumes and a lack of physical seperation from cars.


*

BIKES MEAN BUSINESS: DESIGN GOALS

These interrelated goals are best addressed holistically with a protected two-way cycle track along Milvia Street.

STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

ENVIRONMENTALSUSTAINABILITYREDUCE CONGESTION

BIKE ACCESS TO SCHOOL

LINK KEY AREAS

EFFICIENCY & ACCESSPERCEIVED SAFETY / COMFORT

TRAFFIC CALMING

INTERSECTION DESIGN

SAFETY

REDUCE CARBON EMISSIONS

Supporting goBerkeley’s efforts can manage car parking demand in the area, freeing up bikeway space.

Increasing bike parking will make it easier for cyclists to stop in the area to shop.

Dutch junctions and bike signals will reduce conflict and confusion at intersections,

Improving intersections will facilitate and encourage access to adjacent businesses.

Physically separating the bike lane will reduce vehicle lane width, which will calm traffic.

Separating bikes from cars will allow both to travel more efficiently.

Improving safety and comfort will encourage more children to bike to school, reducing congestion associated with pick-up and drop-off.

Permeable pavers and bioswales will manage stormwater.

Used in the school zone, permeable pavers can slow bike traffic, reducing conflict with pedestrians.

Creating a safe, comfortable, and efficient cycling environment will encourage more people to bike, rather than drive, reducing carbon emissions.

SUPPORT BUSINESSBIKE ACCESS TO DOWNTOWN

BIKE PARKING

PARKING DEMAND MANAGEMENT


*N

Z o n e A

Z o n e B

Z o n e C

Z o n e D



MILVIA & HEARSTA

MILVIA & BLAKED


C

DESIGN ALTERNATIVE 1MINIMAL PARKING IMPACT AND NO HARDSCAPE CHANGE TO STREET

The first design alternative includes more prominent green striping for bike lanes, the introduction of bollards, and the creation of a super sharrow in Zone D.

Milvia Street facing north toward Center Street


*N

Z o n e A

Z o n e B

Z o n e C

Z o n e D



MILVIA & HEARSTA

MILVIA & BLAKED


CPARKING REMOVAL FACILITATES PROTECTED BIKE LANES

The second design alternative includes more protected bike lanes in the place of parking spots, buffering cyclists from cars with bollards or other parked cars.

DESIGN ALTERNATIVE 2

Milvia Street facing north toward Allston Way

Bike boxes for left turns


*N

Z o n e A

Z o n e B

Z o n e C

Z o n e D



MILVIA & HEARSTA

MILVIA & BLAKED


CPROTECTED TWO-WAY CYCLE TRACK WITH BIOSWALES AND A PAINTED INTERSECTION

The third phase design sees a two-way cycle track built along the whole length of Milvia, buffered from cars by bollards or bioswales.

DESIGN ALTERNATIVE 3

Milvia Street facing north toward Haste Street

Bike box for left turn Bike traffic signal Intersection updates


*N

Z o n e A

Z o n e B

Z o n e C

Z o n e D

BIKES MEAN BUSINESS: IMPACT ON PARKING

Just one block off of Milvia Street, there is an adequate supply of vacant parking spaces. These vacancies can absorb the impact of removing parking as described in each design alternative.

IMPACT BY DESIGN ALTERNATIVEEXISTING PARKING ALTERNATIVE 1 ALTERNATIVE 3ALTERNATIVE 2

100 parking spaces remain 28 parking spaces remain 28 parking spaces remain115 parking spaces available on Milvia 13% of parking spaces on Milvia removed 76% of parking spaces on Milvia removed 76% of parking spaces on Milvia removed

855 Total number of parking spaces on and within one block of Milvia St.

76890%

76890%

84098%

Total number of parking spaces remaining on and within one block of Milvia St.



14 parking spaces on Milvia

30 parking spaces removed



No parking spaces removed







HASTE

ADDISON

BERKELEY WAY14

29

30

42

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

CENTER

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

DWIGHT

BLAKE

KITTREDGE

BANCROFT

DWIGHT

ADDISON

BERKELEY WAY14

14

30

42

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

CENTER

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

DWIGHT

BLAKE

KITTREDGE

BANCROFT

DWIGHT

ADDISON

BERKELEY WAY14

14

0

0

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

CENTER

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

DWIGHT

BLAKE

KITTREDGE

BANCROFT

DWIGHT

ADDISON

BERKELEY WAY14

14

0

0

HEARST

UNIVERSITY AVE

CENTER

ALLSTON WAY

CHANNING WAY

DWIGHT

BLAKE

KITTREDGE

BANCROFT

DWIGHT



26 parking spaces on side streets












*

BIKES MEAN BUSINESS: CONCLUSION

% shoppers using mode5025

Ove

rall

incr

ease

in m

onth

ly r

even

ue

To increase revenues, cater to high-spending bicyclists*

DESIGN ALTERNATIVE 1 DESIGN ALTERNATIVE 2 DESIGN ALTERNATIVE 3

A two-way cycle track on Milvia Street increases safety, improves efficiency, supports businesses, and provides environmental benefits.

Super sharrows*Painted bike lanes, some buffers & bollards*

Protected bike lanes, with bollards or parked cars*Bike boxes at intersections to facilitate left turns*Bollards create queue at high school drop-off*

Two-way cycle track*Bioswales as buffer for cycle track*Bike phases at intersections isolate bicycle movements*Painted intersection at Blake, easing transition out of cycle track*

REVENUE FROM BICYCLISTS

$$$ 870,000 1,000,000 5,800,000

PARKING IMPACTS

Only 10% of parking available within one block of Milvia is removed.

TWO-WAY CYCLE TRACK

*

- Not enough physical separation from driving lanes

- No environmental improvements to hardscape- No environmental improvements to hardscape

Documents

Bikes Mean Business for Berkeley, CA