Upload
dothien
View
219
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
CHAPTER - 7
Bibliography
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 275
Abbondazo SL, Irey NS, Frizzera G. Dilantin associated lymphadenopathy.
Spectrum of histopathologic patterns. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 1995;19(6):675-686.
Adams J, Vorhees CV, Middaugh LD. Developmental neurotoxicity of
anticonvulsants: human and animal evidence on phenytoin. Neurotoxicol. Teratol.
1990;12(3):203-214.
Ademuyiwa O, Adesanya O, Ajuwon OR. Vitamin C in CC14 hepatotoxicity
a preliminary report. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 1994;13(2):107-109.
Adeneye AA, Olagunju JO. Protective effect of oral Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
against Acetaminophen induced hepatic injury in rats. African J. Biomed. Res.
2008;11:183-190.
Afkhami-Ardekani M, Shojaoddiny-Ardekani A. Effect of Vitamin C on blood
glucose, serum lipids and serum insulin in type 2 diabetes patients. Ind. J. Med.
Res. 2007;126(5):471-474.
Afkhami-Ardekani M, Vahidi AR, Borjian L, Borjian L. Effect of Vitamin C
supplement on glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes. J. Shah.
Sad. Univ. 2003;10:15-18.
Agarwal SL, Bhargava V. Effect of drugs on brain Ach levels in rats. Ind. J. Med.
Res. 1964;52:1179-1182.
Ahmadi SA, Boroumand MA, Gohari-Moghaddam K, Tajik P, Dibaj SM. The
Impact of Low Serum Triglyceride on LDL-Cholesterol. Arch. Iranian. Med.
2008;11(3):318-321.
Ahmed SN, Siddiqi ZA. Antiepileptic drugs and liver disease. Seizure.
2006;15(3):156-164.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 276
Ahn K, Park S, Cho H, Kang K, Chung D, Kang J, Chai G. The protective effects
of Vitamin C on hepatotoxicity induced by radiation. J. Korean. Soc. Ther. Radiol.
Oncol. 2004;22(4):280-287.
Akerlund B, Jarstrand C, Lindeke B, Sonnerborg A, Akerblad C, Rasool O. Effect
of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment on HIV-1 infection: a double-blind placebo-
controlled trial. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1996;50(6):457-461.
Akpinar D, Yargicoglu P, Derin N, Alicigzel Y, Sahin M, Agar A. The effect of
lipoic acid on lipid peroxidation and visual evoked potentials in rats exposed to
chronic restraint stress. Int. J. Neurosci. 2007;117(12):1691-1706.
Al-Attar AM. Physiological and histopathological investigations on the effects of
ALA in rats exposed to malathion. J. Biomed. Biotechnol. 2010;2010:1-8.
Aldenhovel HG. The influence of long-term anticonvulsant therapy with
diphenylhydantoin and carbamazepine on serum gamma glutamyl transferase,
aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and ALP. Eur. Archives of
Psychiatry and Neurol. Sci. 1988;237(5):312-316.
Aldenkamp AP, Alpherts WCJ, Diepman L, Vantslot B, Overweg J, Vermeulen J.
Cognitive side-effects of phenytoin compared with carbamazepine in patients with
localization-related epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1994;19(1):37-43.
Alehan FK, Russell EC, Pellock JM. Phenytoin associated thrombocytopenia in a
toddler. J. Child Neurol. 1999;14(2):130-131.
Al-Humayyd MS. Ciprofloxacin decreases plasma phenytoin concentrations in the
rat. Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet. 1997;22(1):35-39.
Aliev G, Liu J, Shenk JC, Fischbach K, Pacheco GJ, Chen SG, Obrenovich ME,
Ward WF, Richardson AG, Smith MA, Gasimov E, Perry G, Ames BN. Neuronal
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 277
mitochondrial amelioration by feeding acetyl-L-carnitine and lipoic acid to aged
rats. J. Cell Mol. Med. 2009;13(2):320-333.
Alkhenizan A, Hafez K. The role of vitamin E in the prevention of cancer: a meta-
analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann. Saudi Med. 2007;27(6):409-414.
Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CS, Richmond W, Fu PC. Enzymatic determination of
total serum cholesterol. Clin. Chem. 1974;20(4):470-475.
Alsaif MA. Combined treatment of rutin and vitamin c improves the antioxidant
status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Med. Sci. 2009;9(1):1-9.
Amer J, Atlas D, Fibach E. N-acetylcysteine amide (AD4) attenuates oxidative
stress in beta-thalassemia blood cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 2008;1780(2):249-
255.
Ametov AS, Barinov A, Dyck PJ, Hermann R, Kozlova N, Litchy WJ, Low PA,
Nehrdich D, Novosadova M, O'Brien PC, Reljanovic M, Samigullin R, Schuette
K, Strokov I, Tritschler HJ, Wessel K, Yakhno N, Ziegler D. The sensory
symptoms of diabetic polyneuropathy are improved with alpha-lipoic acid: the
SYDNEY trial. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(3):770-776.
Amin AF, Shaaban OM, Bediawy MA. N-acetyl cysteine for treatment of
recurrent unexplained pregnancy loss. Reprod. BioMed. Online. 2008;17(5):722-
726.
Amom Z, Zakaria Z, Mohamed J, Azlan A, Bahari H, Taufik Hidayat Baharuldin
M, Aris Moklas M, Osman K, Asmawi Z, Kamal Nik Hassan M. Lipid lowering
effect of antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid in experimental atherosclerosis. J. Clin.
Biochem. Nutr. 2008;43(2):88-94.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 278
Andrewes DG, Bullen JG, Tomlinson L, Elwes DC, Reynolds EH. A comparative
study of the cognitive effects of phenytoin and carbamazepine in new referrals
with epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27(2):128-134.
Antzoulatos EG, Byrne JH. Learning insights transmitted by glutamate. Trends
Neurosci. 2004;27(9):555-560.
Anuradha B, Varalakshmi P. Protective role of DL alpha- lipoic acid against
mercury-induced neural lipid peroxidation. Pharmacol. Res. 1999;39(1):67-80.
Arivazhagan P, Ayusawa D, Panneerselvam C. Protective efficacy of alpha-lipoic
acid on acetylcholinesterase activity in aged rat brain regions. Rejuvenation Res.
2006;9(2):198-201.
Arnold K, Geber N, Levy G. Absorption and dissolution studies on
diphenylhydantoin capsules. Can. J. Pharm. Sci. 1970;5:89-92.
Arora-Kuruganti P, Lucchesi PA, Wurster RD. Proliferation of cultured human
astrocytoma cells in response to an oxidant and antioxidant. J. Neurooncol.
1999;44(3):213-221.
Aruoma OI, Halliwell B, Hoey BM, Butler J. The antioxidant action of N-
acetylcysteine: its reaction with hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, superoxide
and hypochlorous acid. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1989;6(6):593-597.
Arzi A, Hemmati AA, Razian A. Effect of Vitamins C and E on cognitive
function in mouse. Pharmacol. Res. 2004;49(3):249-252.
Assadnazari H, Zimmer G, Freisleben HJ, Werk W. Cardioprotective efficiency of
dihydrolipoic acid in working rat hearts during hypoxia and reoxygenation.
Nuclear magnetic resonance investigations. Arzneimittel-Forschung.
1993;43(4):425-432.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 279
Aweda MA, Meindinyo ROK, Gbenebitse SO, Ibitoye AZ. Microwave radiation
exposures affect hematological parameters and antioxidants modify the effects in
rats. Int. J. Curr. Res. 2011;3(4):140-145.
Awodele O, Akintonwa A, Osunkalu VO, Coker HA. Modulatory activity of
antioxidants against the toxicity of rifampicin in vivo. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao
Paulo. 2010;52(1):43-46.
Ayse O, Zekiye S, Yusuf K. Dichlorvos induced hepatotoxicity in rats and the
protective effects of vitamins C and E. Env. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2008;26(3):355-
361.
Baier WK, Beck U, Doose H, Klinge H, Hirsch W. Cerebellar atrophy following
diphenyl hydantoin intoxication. Neuropediatrics. 1984;15(2):76-81.
Bajpai M, Roskos LK, Shen DD, Levy RH. Roles of cytochrome P4502C9 and
cytochrome P4502C19 in the stereoselective metabolism of Phenytoin to its major
metabolite. Drug Metab. Dispos. 1996;24(12):1401-1403.
Bala Krishnan S, Bhargava VK, Padhi P. Effect of nimodipine on the
psychomotor dysfunction induced by phenytoin rats. Ind. J. Pharmacol.
1998;30(5):299-305.
Bano M, Bhatt DK. Ameliorative effect of a combination of Vitamin E, Vitamin
C, alpha-lipoic acid and stilbene resveratrol on lindane induced toxicity in mice
olfactory lobe and cerebrum. Ind. J. Exp. Biol. 2010;48:150-158.
Barabas J, Nagy E, Degrell I. Ascorbic acid in cerebrospinal fluid -a possible
protection against free radicals in the brain. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr.
1995;21(1):43-48.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 280
Barnes PM, Powell-Griner E, McFann K, Nahin RL. Complementary and
alternative medicine use among adults: United States 2002. Adv. Data.
2004;343:1-19.
Bartus RT, Dean RL, Beer B, Lippa AS. The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric
memory dysfunction. Science. 1982;217(4558):408-414.
Battisi WP, Palmisano J, Keane WE. Dyslipidemia in patients with type 2
diabetes: Relation between lipids, kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Clin.
Chem. Lab Med. 2003;41(9):1174-1181.
Bavdekar SB, Muranjan MN, Gogtay NJ, Kantharia V, Kshirsagar NA.
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: lymphocyte toxicity assay for the
confirmation of diagnosis and risk assessment. Ann. Pharmacother.
2004;38(10):1648-1650.
Beales PE, Williams AJ, Albertini MC, Pozzilli P. Vitamin E delays diabetes
onset in the non-obese diabetic mouse. Horm. Metab. Res. 1994; 26(10):450-452.
Beer RF, Sizer IW. A spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown
hydrogen peroxide by catalase. J. Biol. Chem. 1952; 195(1):133-140.
Behr J, Maier K, Degenkolb B, Krombach F, Vogelmeier C. Antioxidative and
clinical effects of high-dose N-acetylcysteine in fibrosing alveolitis. Adjunctive
therapy to maintenance immunosuppression. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
1997;156(6):1897-1901.
Beloqui O, Prieto J, Suarez M, Gil B , Qian CH, Garcia N, Civeira MP. N-
acetylcysteine enhances the response to interferon-alpha in chronic hepatitis C: a
pilot study. J. Interferon Res. 1993;13(4):279-282.
Bendich A. Vitamin C safety in humans. In: Packer L, Fuchs J, editors. Vitamin C
in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc; 1997.P. 367-379.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 281
Berger TM, Rifai N, Avery ME, Frei B. Vitamin C in premature and full-term
human neonates. Redox Rep. 1996;2:257-262.
Bergman U, Rane A, Sjoqvist F, Wiholm BE. Digoxin and phenytoin analyses as
a part of consultations in clinical pharmacology: a study on the use of drugs. Ther.
Drug Monit. 1981;3(3):259-269.
Berk M, Copolov DL, Dean O, Lu K, Jeavons S, Schapkaitz I, Anderson-Hunt M,
Bush AI. N-acetyl cysteine for depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder a double-
blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Biol. Psychiatry. 2008;64(6):468-475.
Berkowitz BA, Roberts R, Stemmler A, Luan H, Gradianu M. Impaired apparent
ion demand in experimental diabetic retinopathy: correction by lipoic acid. Invest.
Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2007;48(10):4753-4758.
Betsche T, Fretzdorff B. Biodegradation of oxalic acid from spinach using cereal
radicles. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2005;53(25):9751-9758.
Bhargava P. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome study of 60 cases. Indian
J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol. 2001;67(6):317-319.
Bhuller Y, Jeng W, Wells PG. Variable in vivo embryoprotective role for ataxia
telangiectasia mutated against constitutive and phenytoin enhanced oxidative
stress in atm knockout mice. Toxicol. Sci. 2006;93(1):146-155.
Biegon A, Greenberger V, Segal M. Quantitative histochemistry of brain
acetylcholineesterase and learning in the aged rat. Neurobiol. Aging.
1986;7(3):215-217.
Bielski BH, Richter HW, Chan PC. Some properties of the ascorbate free radical.
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1975;258:231-237.
Biewanga GP, Haenen GR, Bast A. The pharmacology of the antioxidant lipoic
acid. Gen. Pharmacol. 1997;29(3):315-331.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 282
Birnbaum MJ. Turning down insulin signaling. J. Clin. Invest. 2001;108(5):655-
659.
Blackburn SC, Oliart AD, Garcia Rodriguez LA, Perez Gutthann S. Antiepileptics
and blood dyscrasias: a cohort study. Pharmacother. 1998;18(6):1277-1283.
Blatt SL, Takahashi RN. Memory-impairing effects of local anesthetics in an
elevated plus-maze test in mice. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 1998;31(4):555-559.
Blios MS. Antioxidant determination by the use of stable free radical. Nature.
1958;181:1199-1200.
Block G. Vitamin C and cancer prevention: the epidemiologic evidence. Am. J.
Clin. Nutr. 1991;53:270S-282S.
Blockland A. Acetylcholine: a neurotransmitter for learning and memory?. Brain
Res. Rev. 1996;21:285-300.
Boelsterli UA, Lim PL. Mitochondrial abnormalities a link to idiosyncratic drug
hepatotoxicity?. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2007;220(1):92-107.
Bondy SC. The relation of oxidative stress and hyperexcitation to neurological
disease. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1995;208(4):337-345.
Bordia A, Verma SK. Effect of vitamin C on platelet adhesiveness and platelet
aggregation in coronary artery disease patients. Clin. Cardiol. 1985;8(10):552-
554.
Bordia AK. The effect of Vitamin C on blood lipids, fibrinolytic activity and
platelet adhesiveness in patients with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis.
1980;35(2):181-187.
Borofsky LG, Louis S, Kutt H, Roginsky M. Diphenylhydantoin: efficacy,
toxicity and serum level relationships in children. J. Pediatr. 1972;81(5):995-1002.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 283
Boshtam M, Rafiei M, Sadeghi K, Sarraf-Zadegan N. Vitamin E can reduce blood
pressure in mild hypertensives. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 2002;72(5):309-314.
Bowry VW, Mohr D, Cleary J, Stocker R. Prevention of tocopherol mediated
peroxidation in ubiquinol-10-free human low density lipoprotein. J. Biol. Chem.
1995;270(11):5756-5763.
Brandt L, Nilson PG. Lymphocytopenia in patients treated with phenytoin.
Lancet. 1976;1(7954):308.
Bregovskii VB, Posokhina OV, Karpova IA. Predictors of alpha-lipoic acid
treatment efficacy in diabetic polyneuropathy of the lower limbs. Ter. Arkh.
2005;77(10):15-19.
Breithaupt TB, Vazquez A, Baez I, Eylar EH. The suppression of T cell function
and NF (kappa) B expression by serine protease inhibitors is blocked by N-
acetylcysteine. Cell Immunol. 1996;173(1):124-130.
Brindha D, Geetha R. Evaluation of the protective efficacy of woodfordia
fruticosa on phenytoin induced liver damage in rats. J.Cell Tissue Res.
2009;9(3):1981-1984.
British Thoracic Society Research Committee. Oral N-acetylcysteine and
exacerbation rates in patients with chronic bronchitis and severe airways
obstructions. Thorax. 1985;40:832-835.
Brizzi P, Tonolo G, Carusillo F, Malaguarnera M, Maioli M, Musumeci S. Plasma
lipid composition and LDL oxidation. Clin. Chem. Lab Med. 2003;41(1):56-60.
Brodie MJ, Dichter MA. Antiepileptic drugs. N. Engl. J. Med. 1996;334(3):168-
175.
Brown JJ, Chun RW. Phenytoin induced thrombocytopenia. Pediatr. Neurol.
1986;2(2):99-101.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 284
Bruno RS, Leonard SW, Atkinson J, Montine TJ, Ramakrishnan R, Bray TM,
Traber MG. Faster plasma vitamin E disappearance in smokers is normalized by
vitamin C supplementation. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2006;40(4):689-697.
Burri BJ, Jacob RA. Human metabolism and the requirement for vitamin C. In:
Packer L, Fuchs J, editors. Vitamin C in health and disease. New York: Marcel
Dekker Inc; 1997.P. 341-366.
Busse E, Zimmer G, Schopohl B, Kornhuber B. Influence of alpha-lipoic acid on
intracellular glutathione in vitro and in vivo. Arzneimittel-Forschung.
1992;42(6):829-831.
Butler JA, Hagen TM, Moreau R. Lipoic acid improves hypertriglyceridemia by
stimulating triacylglycerol clearance and downregulating liver triacylglycerol
secretion. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 2009;485(1):63-71.
Cadenas S, Rojas C, Perez-Campo R, Lopez-Torres M, Barja G. Vitamin E
protects guinea pig liver from lipid peroxidation without depressing levels of
antioxidants. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 1995;27(11):1175-1181.
Cao X, Phillis JW. The free radical scavenger, alpha-lipoic acid, protects against
cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils. Free Rad. Res. 1995;23(4):365-
370.
Carl GF, Smith ML. Phenytoin folate interactions differing effects of the sodium
salt and free acid of phenytoin. Epilepsia. 1992;33(2):372-375.
Carreau JP. Biosynthesis of lipoic acid via unsaturated fatty acids. Methods
Enzymol. 1979;62:152-158.
Carter BL, Small RE, Mandel MD, Starkman MT. Phenytoin induced
hyperglycemia. Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. 1981;38(10):1508-1512.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 285
Castagne V, Rougemont M, Cuenod M, Do KQ. Low brain glutathione and
ascorbic acid associated with dopamine uptake inhibition during rat’s
development induce long-term cognitive deficit: relevance to schizophrenia.
Neurobiol. Dis. 2004;15(1):93-105.
Ceconi C, Curello S, Cargnoni A, Ferrari R, Albertini A, Visioli O. The role of
glutathione status in the protection against ischaemic and reperfusion damage:
effects of NAC. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 1988;20(1):5-13.
Ceriello A, Giugliano D, Quatraro A, Dello Russo P, Torella R. A preliminary
note on inhibiting effect of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) on protein glycation.
Diab. Metabol. 1988;14(1):40-42.
Ceriello A, Giugliano D, Quatraro A, Donzella C, Dipalo G, Lefebvre PJ. Vitamin
E reduction of protein glycosylation in diabetes. New prospect for prevention of
diabetic complications?. Diabetes Care. 1991;14(1):68-72.
Chatterjee M, Sil PC. Hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus
niruri on nimesulide induced oxidative stress in vivo. Indian J. Biochem. Biophys.
2006; 43(3):299-305.
Chaudhri RK, Pye IF, Boggild M. Hypersensitivity to carbamazepine presenting
with a leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, erythriderma and renal failure. Neurol.
1989;39(3):436-438.
Chen H, Karne RJ, Hall G, Campia U, Panza JA, Cannon RO, Wang Y, Katz A,
Levine M, Quon MJ. High-dose oral Vitamin C partially replenishes Vitamin C
levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and low Vitamin C levels but does not
improve endothelial dysfunction or insulin resistance. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ.
Physiol. 2006;290(1):H137-H145.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 286
Chen LC, Chou MH, Lin MF, Yang LL. Effects of Paeoniae radix, a traditional
Chinese medicine, on the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin. J. Clin. Pharm. Therap.
2001;26(4):271-278.
Chiao JW, Chung F, Krzeminski J, Amin S, Arshad R, Ahmed T, Conaway CC.
Modulation of growth of human prostate cancer cells by the N acetylcysteine
conjugate of phenethyl isothiocyanate. Int. J. Oncol. 2000;16(6):1215-1219.
Chirkov YY, Horowitz JD. N-Acetylcysteine potentiates nitroglycerin-induced
reversal of platelet aggregation. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 1996;28(3):375-380.
Chisolm GM, Steinberg D. The oxidative modification hypothesis of
atherogenesis: an overview. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2000; 28(12):1815-1826.
Cho JS, Kang PH, Long JJ, Back Y, Chung KS. Antioxidant and memory
enhancing effects of purple sweet potato anthocyanin and cordyceps mushroom
extract. Arch. Pharm. Res. 2003;26(10):821-825.
Choen BL, Bovasso GJ. Leucopenia as an unusual component of diphenyl
hydantoin hypersensibility: a case with pruritis, rash, fever, Lymphoadenopathy,
but low leucocyte count. Clin. Pediatr. 1973;12(10):622-623.
Christian KM, Thompson RF. Long-term storage of an associative memory trace
in the cerebellum. Behav. Neurosci. 2005;119(2):526-537.
Cooper JR. The role of ascorbic acid in the oxidation of tryptophan to 5-
hydroxytryptophan. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1961;92:208-211.
Corash L, Spielberg S, Bartsocas C, Boxer L, Steinherz R, Sheetz M, Egan M,
Schlessleman J, Schulman JD. Reduced chronic hemolysis during highdose
Vitamin E administration in Mediterranean type Glucose-6-Phosphate
Dehydrogenase deficiency. N. Engl. J. Med. 1980;303(8):416-420.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 287
Cunningham JJ, Ellis SL, McVeigh KL, Levine RE, Calles-Escandon J. Reduced
mononuclear leukocyte ascorbic acid content in adults with insulin-dependent
diabetes mellitus consuming adequate dietary vitamin C. Metabolism.
1991;40(2):146-149.
Da-Cunha IC, Jose RF, Orlandi PL, Pimenta JA, Oliveira de Souza IA, Reiser R,
Moreno H, Marino Neto J, Paschoalini MA, Faria MS. The role of nitric oxide in
the emotional learning of rats in the plus-maze. Physiol. Behav. 2005;84(3):351-
358.
Danno K, Kume M, Ohta M, Utani A, Ohno S, Kobashi Y. Erythroderma with
generalized lymphadenopathy induced by phenytoin. J. Dermatol.
1989;16(5):392-396.
Das S, Ray R, Snehlata, Das N, Srivastava LM. Effect of ascorbic acid on
prevention of hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerosis. Mol. Cell. Biochem.
2006b;285(1-2):143-147.
Das SK, Biswas A, Roy T, Banerjee TK, Mukherjee CS, Raut DK, Chaudhuri A.
A random sample survey for prevalence of major neurological disorders in
Kolkata. Indian J. Med. Res. 2006a;124(2):163-172.
Davi G, Ciabattoni G, Consoli A, Mezzetti A, Falco A, Santarone S, Pennese E,
Vitacolonna E, Bucciarelli T, Constantini F, Capani F, Patrono C. In vivo
formation of 8-iso-prostaglandin f2alpha and platelet activation in diabetes
mellitus: effects of improved metabolic control and vitamin E supplementation.
Circulation. 1999;99(2):224-229.
David MB, Pieter LM, Jan WM. Therapeutic drug monitoring of phenytoin in
patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. Ther. Drug Monit.
1994;16(6):616-620.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 288
Dawson GR, Heyes CM, Iversen SD. Pharmacological mechanisms and animal
models of cognition. Behav. Pharmacol. 1992;3(4):285-297.
Dawson KP, Jamieson A. Value of blood phenytoin estimation in management of
childhood epilepsy. Arch. Dis. Child. 1971;46(247):386-388.
De Flora S, Bennicelli C, Camoirano A, Serra D, Romano M, Rossi GA, Morelli
A, De Flora A. In vivo effects of N-acetylcysteine on glutathione metabolism and
on the biotransformation of carcinogenic and/or mutagenic compounds.
Carcinogenesis. 1985;6(12):1735-1745.
De Flora S, D’Agostini F, Masiello L, Giunciuglio D, Albini A. Synergism
between N-acetylcysteine and doxorubicin in the prevention of tumorigenicity and
metastasis in murine models. Int. J. Cancer. 1996;67(6):842-848.
De Flora S, Rossi G A, De Flora A. Metabolic, desmutagenic and anti-
carcinogenic effects of N-acetylcysteine. Respiration. 1986;50:43-49.
De La Cruz JP, Quintero L, Villalobos MA, Sanchez de la Cuesta F. Lipid
peroxidation and glutathione system in hyperlipemic rabbits: influence of olive oil
administration. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 2000;1485(1):36-44.
De Vries N, De Flora S. N-Acetyl-l-cysteine. J. Cell. Biochem. Suppl.
1993;17F:270-277.
Debler EA, Hashim A, Lajtha A, Sershen H. Ascorbic acid and striatal transport
of [3H] 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) and [3H] dopamine. Life Sci.
1988;42(25):2553-2559.
Delwing D, Bavaresco CS, Monteiro SC, Matte C, Netto CA, Wyse AT. Alpha-
Tocopherol and ascorbic acid prevent memory deficits provoked by chronic
hyperprolinemia in rats. Behav. Brain. Res. 2006;168(2):185-189.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 289
Derin N, Akpinar D, Yargicoglu P, Agar A, Aslan M. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid
on visual evoked potentials in rats exposed to sulfite. Neurotoxicol. Teratol.
2009;31(1):34-39.
Deutsch JA. The cholinergic synapse and the site of memory. Science.
1971;174(4011):788-794.
Devivio DC. How to use other drugs (steroids) and the ketogenic diet is AED
therapy in paedeatrics. In: Morselli, Pippenger, Pency editors. New York:
Academic Press; 1983.P. 239-248.
Dewan P, Aggarwal A, Faridi MM. Effect of phenytoin and valproic acid therapy
on serum lipid levels and liver function tests. Indian Pediatr. 2008;45(10):855-
858.
Diniz YS, Rocha KK, Souza GA, Galhardi CM, Ebaid GM, Rodrigues HG,
Novelli Filho JL, Cicogna AC, Novelli EL. Effects of N-acetylcysteine on
sucrose-rich diet-induced hyperglycaemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in
rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2006;543(1-3):151-157.
Dobrzynska I, Skrzydlewska E, Kasacka I, Figaszewski Z. Protective effect of N-
acetylcysteine on rat liver cell membrane during methanol intoxication. J. Pharm.
Pharmacol. 2000;52(5):547-552.
Dobson HM, Muir MM, Hume R. The effect of ascorbic acid on the seasonal
variations in serum cholesterol levels. Scott. Med. J. 1984;29(3):176-182.
Dodrill CB. Effects of antiepileptic drugs on abilities. J. Clin. Psychiatry.
1988;49:31-34.
Domino EF, Olds ME. Effects of D-amphetamine, scopolamine, chlordiazepoxide
and diphenylhydantoins on self stimulation and brain acetylcholine.
Psychopharmacologia. 1972;23(1):1-16.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 290
Dosch HM, Jason J, Gelfand EW. Transient antibody deficiency and abnormal T
suppressor cells induced by phenytoin. N. Engl. J. Med. 1982;306(7):406-409.
Dou C, Xu DP, Wells WW. Studies on the essential role of ascorbic acid in the
energy dependent release of insulin from pancreatic islets. Biochem. Biophys.
Res. Commun. 1997;231(3):820-822.
Doumasa BT, Watson WA, Biggs HG. Albumin standards and the measurement
of serum albumin with bromocresol green. Clin. Chim. Acta. 1971;31(1):87-96.
Drachman DA, Leavitt J. Human memory and the cholinergic system: a
relationship to aging?. Arch. Neurol. 1974;30(2):113-121.
Drake J, Kanski J, Varadarajan S, Tsoras M, Butterfield DA. Elevation of brain
glutathione by gamma-glutamylcysteine ethyl ester protects against peroxynitrite-
induced oxidative stress. J. Neurosci. Res. 2002;68(6):776-784.
Dreifuss FE, Langer DH. Hepatic considerations in the use of antiepileptic drugs.
Epilepsia. 1987;28:S23-S29.
Drevon CA. Absorption, transport and metabolism of vitamin E. Free Radic. Res.
Commun. 1991;14(4):229-246.
Droge W, Eck HP, Mihm S. HIV-induced cysteine deficiency and T-cell
dysfunction – a rationale for treatment with N-acetylcysteine. Immunol. Today.
1992;13(6):211-214.
Du Lac S, Raymond JL, Sejnowski TJ, Lisberger SG. Learning and memory in the
vestibulo-ocular reflex. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 1995;18:409-441.
Duthie GG. Lipid peroxidation. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 1993;47(11):759-764.
Dutta-Roy AK, Gordon MJ, Campbell FM, Duthie GG, James WPT. Vitamin E
requirements, transport, and metabolism: Role of α-tocopherol-binding proteins. J.
Nutr. Biochem. 1994;5(12):562-570.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 291
Dutta-Roy AK, Gordon MJ, Leishman DJ, Paterson BJ, Duthie GG, James WPT.
Purification and partial characterisation of α-tocopherol-binding protein from
rabbit heart cytosol. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1993;123(1-2):139-144.
Dwivedi R, Gogtay N, Kharkar V, Amladi S, Kshirsagar N. In-vitro lymphocyte
toxicity to a phenytoin metabolite in phenytoin induced cutaneous adverse drug
eruptions. Indian J. Dermatol.Venereol. Leprol. 2004;70(4):217-220.
Dyer RG, Stewart MW, Metcheson J, George K, Alberti MM, Laker MF. 7-
Ketocholesterol, a specific indicator of lipoprotein oxidation and malondialdehyde
in non-insulin dependent diabetes and peripheral vascular diasease. Clin. Chim.
Acta. 1997;260(1):1-13.
Edge R, Truscott TG. Pro-oxidant and antioxidant reaction mechanisms of
carotene and radical interactions with vitamins E and C. Nutrition. 1997;13(11-
12):992-994.
Egan MF, Hyde TM, Albers GW, Elkashef A, Alexander RC, Reeve A, Blum A,
Saenz RE, Wyatt RJ. Treatment of tardive dyskinesia with Vitamin E. Am. J.
Psychiatry. 1992;149(6):773-777.
Eiris J, Novo-Rodrigez MI, Del Rio M, Meseguer P, Del Rı́o MC, Castro-Gago
M. The effect on lipid and apolipoprotein serum levels of long-term
carbamazepine, valproic acid and Phenobarbital therapy in children with epilepsy.
Epilepsy Res. 2000;41(1):1-7
Eisenberg DM, Davis RB, Ettner SL, Appel S, Wilkey S, Van Rompay M, Kessler
RC. Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States, 1990-1997: results of
a follow-up national survey. JAMA. 1998; 280(18):1569-1575.
Eisenberg DM, Kessler RC, Van Rompay MI, Kaptchuk TJ, Wilkey SA, Appel S,
Davis RB. Perceptions about complementary therapies relative to conventional
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 292
therapies among adults who use both: results from a national survey. Ann. Intern.
Med. 2001;135(5):344-351.
Ekaidem IS, Akpanabiatu MI, Uboh FE, Eka OU. Effect of folic acid and Vitamin
B12 administration on phenytoin induced toxicity in rats. Ind. J. Clin. Biochem.
2007;22(2):36-40.
El-Hossary GG, El-Shazly AHM, Ahmed NS, El-Gohary AA, Metwally FG,
Karam SH. Efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid against diabetes induced deterioration of
blood antioxidants and diabetic retinopathy in experimental animals. Australian J.
Basic Appl. Sci. 2010;4(2):127-134.
Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V, Feather-Stone RM. A new and rapid
colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem. Pharmacol.
1961;7:88-95.
Ellman GL. Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch. Biochem. Biophysics. 1959;82(1):70-
77.
Engler MM, Engler MB, Malloy MJ, Chiu EY, Schloetter MC, Paul SM,
Stuehlinger, Lin KY, Cooke JP, Morrow JD, Ridker PM, Rifai N, Miller E,
Witztum JL, Mietus-Snyder M. Antioxidant Vitamins C and E improve
endothelial function in children with hyperlipidemia: Endothelial Assessment of
Risk from Lipids in Youth (EARLY) Trial. Circulation. 2003;108(9):1059-1063.
Enstrom JE, Kanim LE, Klein MA. Vitamin C intake and mortality among a
sample of the United States population. Epidemiology. 1992;3(3):194-202.
Enstrom JE. Counterviewpoint-Vitamin C and mortality. Nutr. Today.
1993;28(3):39-42.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 293
Enstrom JE. Vitamin C in prospective epidemiological studies. In: Packer L,
Fuchs J, editors. Vitamin C in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc;
1997.P. 381-98.
Eraslan G, Kanbur M, Silici S. Effect of carbaryl on some biochemical changes
inrats: the ameliorative effect of bee pollen. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2009;47(1):86-
91.
Erden F, Gulenc S, Torun M, Kocer Z, Simsek B, Nebioglu S. Ascorbic acid
effect on some lipid fractions in human beings. Acta Vitaminol. Enzymol.
1985;7(1-2):131-137.
Errikson J, Kahvakka A. Magnesium and ascorbic acid supplementation in
diabetes mellitus. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 1995;39(4):217-223.
Estrada DE, Ewart HS, Tsakiridis T, Volchuk A, Ramlal T, Tritschler H, Klip A.
Stimulation of glucose uptake by the natural coenzyme ALA/thioctic acid:
participation of elements of the insulin signaling pathway. Diabetes.
1996;45(12):1798-1804.
Evans M, Anderson RA, Smith JC, Khan N, Graham JM, Thomas AW, Morris K,
Deely D, Frenneaux MP, Davies JS, Rees A. Effects of insulin lispro and chronic
Vitamin C therapy on postprandial lipaemia, oxidative stress and endothelial
function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur. J. Clin. Invest.
2003;33(3):231-238.
Falokun Olutunde P, Salawu Emmanuel O, Ajao Moyosore S, Adeeyo Olusola A,
Oyewo Olutoyin O, Ashamu Ebenezer A, Oyerinde Abiodun, Onaolapo Olakunle
J. Chronic use of phenytoin reversibly suppresses fertility in male Sprague-
Dawley rats. Scientific Research and Essays. 2010;5(9):999-1004.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 294
Farr SA, Poon HF, Dogrukol-Ak D, Drake J, Banks WA, Eyerman E, Butterfield
DA, Morley JE. The antioxidants alpha-lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine reverse
memory impairment and brain oxidative stress in aged SAMP8 mice. J.
Neurochem. 2003;84(5):1173-1183.
Fehily AM, Yarnell JW, Sweetnam PM, Elwood PC. Diet and incident ischaemic
heart disease: the Caerphilly Study. Br. J. Nutr. 1993;69(2):303-314.
Ferreira FR, Biojone C, Joca SR, Guimarães FS. Antidepressant like effects of N-
acetyl-L-cysteine in rats. Behav. Pharmacol. 2008;19(7):747-750.
Filina AA, Davydova NG, Endrikhovskii SN, Shamshinova AM. Lipoic acid as a
means of metabolic therapy of open-angle glaucoma. Vestn. Oftalmol.
1995;111(4):6-8.
Fincham RW, Hamilton HE, Schottelius DD. Late-onset thrombocytopenia with
phenytoin therapy. Ann. Neurol. 1979;6(4):370.
Fischman CM, Udey MC, Kurtz M, Wedner HJ. Inhibition of lectin-induced
lymphocyte activation by 2-cyclohexene-1-one: decreased intracellular
glutathione inhibits an early event in the activation sequence. J. Immunol.
1981;127(6):2257-2262.
Fliessbach K, Trautner P, Quesada CM, Elger CE, Weber B. Cerebellar
contributions to episodic memory encoding as revealed by fMRI. NeuroImage.
2007;35(3):1330-1337.
Fontham ETH. Vitamin C, vitamin C-rich foods, and cancer: epidemiologic
studies. In: Frei B, editor. Natural antioxidants in human health and disease. San
Diego: Academic Press Inc; 1994.P. 157-197.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 295
Foo NP, Lin SH, Lee YH, Wu MJ, Wang YJ. α-Lipoic acid inhibits liver fibrosis
through the attenuation of ROS-triggered signaling in hepatic stellate cells
activated by PDGF and TGF-β. Toxicology. 2011;282(1-2):39-46.
Fraga CG, Motchnik PA, Shigenaga MK, Helbock HJ, Jacob RA, Ames BN.
Ascorbic acid protects against endogenous oxidative DNA damage in human
sperm. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1991;88(24):11003-11006.
Franklin RA, Li YM, Arkins S, Kelley KW. Glutathione augments in Vitro
proliferative responses of lymphocytes to concanavalin A to a greater degree in
old than in young rats. J. nutr.1990;120(12):1710-1717.
Frei B, England L, Ames BN. Ascorbate is an outstanding antioxidant in human
blood plasma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A. 1989;86(16):6377-6381.
Frei B, Stocker R, England L, Ames BN. Ascorbate: the most effective
antioxidant in human blood plasma. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 1990;264:155-163.
Frei B. Vitamin C as an antiatherogen: mechanisms of action. In: Packer L, Fuchs
J, editors. Vitamin C in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc;
1997.P. 163-182.
Fuchs J, Schofer H, Milbradt R, Freisleben HJ, Buhl R, Siems W, Grune T.
Studies on lipoate effects on blood redox state in human immunodeficiency virus
infected patients. Arzneimittel-Forschung. 1993;43(12):1359-1362.
Gale CR, Martyn CN, Winter PD, Cooper C. Vitamin C and risk of death from
stroke and coronary heart disease in cohort of elderly people. BMJ.
1995;310(6994):1563-1566.
Gallo-Torres HE. Obligatory role of bile for the intestinal absorption of vitamin E.
Lipids. 1970;5(4):379-384.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 296
Garg MC, Chaudhary DP, Bansal DD. Effect of Vit E supplementation on diabetes
induced oxidative stress in experimental diabetes in rats. Indian J. Exp. Biol.
2005;43(2):177-180.
Garg SK, Islam IS, Kumar N, Sehgal M, Bhargava VK. Effect of Mentat on the
pharmacokinetics of single and multiple doses of phenytoin in rabbits. Neurol.
India. 1999;47(2):104-107.
Gatto LM, Hallen GK, Brown AJ, Samman S. Ascorbic acid induces favorable
lipoprotein profile in women. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 1996;15(2):154-158.
Gavish D, Breslow JL. Lipoprotein (a) reduction by N-acetylcysteine. Lancet.
1991;337(8735):203-204.
Geier DA, Geier MR. Clinical and laboratory evaluation of methionin cycle-
transsulfuration and androgen pathway markers in children with autistic disorders.
Hormone Res. 2006;66(4):182-188.
Gella FJ, Olivella T, Cruz Pastor M, Arenas J, Moreno R, dueban R, Gomez JA. A
simple procedure for routine determination of aspartate aminotrasferase and
alanine aminotransferase with pyridoxal phosphate. Clin. Chim. Acta.
1985;153(3):241-247.
Genkova-Papazova M, Lazarova-Bakarova M, Petkov VD. The 5HT-2-receptor
antagonist ketanserine prevents electroconvulsive shock and clonidine induced
amnesia. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1994;49(4):849-852.
George J, Farrell GC. Anticonvulsivant hepatotoxicity. In: Farrell GC, editor.
Drug-induced Liver Disease. Edinburgh, London: Churchill Livingstone; 1994. P.
143-144.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 297
Gerson WT, Fine DG, Spielberg SP, Sensenbrenner LL. Anticonvulsanint duced
aplastic anemia: increased susceptibility to toxic drug metabolites in vitro.
Blood.1983;61(5):889-893.
Gey KF, Puska P, Jordan P, Moser UK. Inverse correlation between plasma
vitamin E and mortality from ischemic heart disease in cross-cultural
epidemiology. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1991;53:326S-334S.
Gey KF. Vitamins E plus C and interacting conutrients required for optimal
health. A critical and constructive review of epidemiology and supplementation
data regarding cardiovascular disease and cancer. Biofactors. 1998;7(1-2):113-
174.
Ghibu S, Lauzier B, Delemasure S, Amoureux S, Sicard P, Vergely C, Muresan A,
Mogosan C, Rochette L. Antioxidant properties of alpha-lipoic acid: effects on red
blood membrane permeability and adaptation of isolated rat heart to reversible
ischemia. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 2009;320(1-2):141-148.
Gibbons GF. The role of cytochrome P450 in the regulation of cholesterol
biosynthesis. Lipids. 2002;37(12):1163-1170.
Gilgun-Sherki Y, Rosenbaum Z, Melamed E, Offen D. Antioxidant Therapy in
Acute Central Nervous System Injury: Current State. Pharmacol. Rev.
2002;54:271-284.
Gilman SC, Bonner MJ, Pellmar TC. Effect of oxidative stress on excitatory
aminoacid releaseby cerebral cortical synaptosomes. Free Rad. Med. Biol.
1993;15(6):671-675.
Ginter E, Bobek P, Kubec F, Vozar J, Urbanova D. Vitamin C in the control of
hypercholesterolemia in man. Int. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. Suppl. 1982;23:137-152.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 298
Ginter E. Ascorbic acid in cholesterol and bile metabolism. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.
1975;258:410-421.
Giugliano D. Dietary antioxidants for cardiovascular prevention. Nutr. Metab.
Cardiovasc. Dis. 2000;10(1):38-44.
Glownski J, Iversen LL. Regional studies of catecholamines in the rat brain. The
disposition of [3H]norepinephrine, [3H]dopamine and [3H]dopa in various
regions of the brain. J. Neurochem. 1966;13(8):655-669.
Glynn RJ, Ridker PM, Goldhaber SZ, Zee RY, Buring JE. Effects of random
allocation to vitamin E supplementation on the occurrence of venous
thromboembolism: report from the Women's Health Study. Circulation.
2007;116(13):1497-1503.
Goel D, Agarwal A, Dhanai JS, Semval VD, Mehrotra V, Saxena V, Maithili B.
Comprehensive Rural epilepsy surveillance programme in Uttarakhand State of
India. Neurol. India. 2009;57(3):355-356.
Goes MJ, Azoubel R. Effects of low-dose phenytoin administered to rats fetuses
on developing choroid plexus. Kariometric study. Int. J. Morphol.
2003;21(4):285-290.
Gokce N, Keaney JF, Frei B, Holbrook M, Olesiak M, Zachariah BJ,
Leeuwenburgh C, Heinecke JW, Vita JA. Long-term ascorbic acid administration
reverses endothelial vasomotor dysfunction in patients with coronary artery
disease. Circulation. 1999;99(25):3234-3240.
Gokcimen A, Gulle K, Demirin H, Bayram D, Kocak A, Altuntas I. Effects of
diazinon at different doses on rat liver and pancreas tissues. Pesticide Biochem.
Physiol. 2007;87(2):103-108.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 299
Gokkusu C, Mostafazadeh T. Changes of oxidative stress in various tissues by
long-term administration of Vitamin E in hypercholesterolemic rats. Clin. Chim.
Acta. 2003;328(1-2):155-161.
Gomall AG, Bardawill CJ, David MM. Determination of serum proteins by means
of biuret reaction. J. Biol. Chem. 1949;177(2):751-766.
Goncalves JF, Fiorenza AM, Spanevello, RM, Mazzanti CM, Bochi GV, Antes
FG, Stefanello N, Rubin MA, Dressler VL, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC. N-
acetylcysteine prevents memory deficits, the decrease in acetylcholinesterase
activity and oxidative stress in rats exposed to cadmium. Chemico Biological
Interactions. 2010;186(1):53-60.
Gordon T, Castelli WP, Hjortland MC, Kannel WB, Dawber TR. High density
lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease. The Framingham
study. Am. J. Med. 1977;62(5):707-714.
Gotz M, Kraemer R, Kerrebijn KF, Popow C. Oral acetylcysteine in cystic
fibrosis. A co-operative study. Eur. J. Respir. Dis. Suppl. 1980;111:122-126.
Greenamyre JT, Garcia-Osuna M, Greene JG. The endogenous cofactors, thioctic
acid and dihydrolipoic acid, are neuroprotective against NMDA and malonic acid
lesions of striatum. Neurosci. Lett. 1994;171(1-2):17-20.
Greenspan HC, Aruoma OI. Oxidative stress and apoptosis in HIV infection: a
role for plant-derived metabolites with synergistic antioxidant activity.
Immunol.Today. 1994;15(5):209-213.
Greiner HE, Haase AF, Seyfried CA. Neurochemical studies on the mechanism of
action of pyritinol. Pharmacopsychiatry. 1988;21:26-32.
Grunert RR. The effect of DL alpha-lipoic acid on heavy-metal intoxication in
mice and dogs. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.1960;86:190-194.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 300
Grunewald RA. Ascorbic acid in the brain. Brain Res. Rev. 1993;18(1):123-133.
Guillaumin S, Dahhaoui M, Caston J. Cerebellum and memory: an experimental
study in the rat using a passive avoidance conditioning test. Physiol. Behav.
1991;49(3):507-511.
Gurer H, Ozgunes H, Neal R, Spitz DR, Ercal N. Antioxidant effects of N-
acetylcysteine and succimer in red blood cells from lead-exposed rats.
Toxicology. 1998;128(3):181-189.
Gurer H, Ozgunes H, Oztezcan S, Ercal N. Antioxidant role of alpha-lipoic acid in
lead toxicity. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1999;27(1-2):75-81.
Gutteridge JMC, Halliwell B. Free radicals and antioxidants in the year 2000. A
historical look to the future. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2000;899:136-147.
Gutteridge JMC, Halliwell B. The measurement and mechanism of lipid
peroxidation in biological systems. Trends in Biochem. Sci. 1990;15(4):129-135.
Hagan JJ, Morris RGM. The cholinergic hypothesis of memory: a review of
animal experiments. In: Iversen LL, Iversen SD, Snyder SH, editors. Handbook of
Psychopharmacology. New York: Plenum Press; 1988. P. 237-305.
Hager K, Kenklies M, McAfoose J, Engel J, Munch G. Alpha-lipoic acid as a new
treatment option for Alzheimer's disease - 48 months follow-up analysis. J. Neural
Transm. Suppl. 2007;72:189-193.
Hallfrisch J, Singh VN, Muller DC, Baldwin H, Bannon ME, Andres R. High
plasma vitamin C associated with high plasma HDL and HDL2 cholesterol. Am.
J. Clin.Nutr. 1994;60(1):100-105.
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC. Lipid peroxidation: a radical chain reaction. In: Free
Radical in Biology and medicine, 2nd edition. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press;
1989.P. 189-267.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 301
Halliwell B. Vitamin C: antioxidant or pro-oxidant in vivo. Free Radic. Res.
1996;25(5):439-454.
Han D, Tritschler HJ, Packer L. Alpha-lipoic acid increases intracellular
glutathione in a human Tlymphocyte Jurkat cell line. Biochem. Biophys. Res.
Commun. 1995;207(1):258-264.
Haramaki N, Assadnazari H, Zimmer G, Schepkin V, Packer L. The influence of
vitamin E and dihydrolipoic acid on cardiac energy and glutathione status under
hypoxia-reoxygenation. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 1995;37(3):591-597.
Harden CL. Therapeutic safety monitoring: what to look for and when to look for
it. Epilepsia. 2000;41(8):S37-S44.
Hasanein P, Shahidi S. Effects of combined treatment with vitamins C and E on
passive avoidance learning and memory in diabetic rats. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem.
2010;93(4):472-478.
Haskell BE, Johnston CS. Complement component C1q activity and ascorbic acid
nutriture in guinea pigs. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1991;54(6):1228S-1230S.
Hayashi O, Katoh T, Okuwaki Y. Enhancement of antibody production in mice by
dietary sapirulina plantesis. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 1994;40(5):431-441.
Hecht SS. Approaches to cancer prevention based on an understanding of N-
nitrosamine carcinogenesis. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1997;216(2):181-191.
Heikkila RE, Cabbat FS, Manzino L. Differential inhibitory effects of ascorbic
acid on the binding of dopamine agonist and antagonist to neostriatal membrane
preparations: correlations with behavioral effects. Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol.
Pharmacol. 1981;34(3):409-421.
Heinonen OP, Albanes D, Virtamo J, Taylor PR, Huttunen JK, Hartman AM,
Haapakoski J, Malila N, Rautalahti M, Ripatti S, Maenpaa H, Teerenhovi L, Koss
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 302
L, Virolainen M, Edwards BK. Prostate cancer and supplementation with alpha-
tocopherol and beta-carotene: incidence and mortality in a controlled trial. J. Natl.
Cancer Inst. 1998;90(6):440-446.
Heller B, Burkhart V, Lampeter E, Kolb H. Antioxidant therapy for the prevention
of type 1 diabetes. Adv. Pharmacol. 1997;38:629-638.
Hemila H. Vitamin C and infectious diseases. In: Packer L, Fuchs J, editors.
Vitamin C in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc; 1997. P. 471-
503.
Henderson P, Hale TW, Shum S, Habersang RW. N-Acetylcysteine therapy of
acute heavy metal poisoning in mice. Vet. Hum.Toxicol. 1985;27(6):522-525.
Henning SM, Zhang JZ, Mckee RW, Swendseid ME, Jacob RA. Glutathione
blood levels and other oxidant defense indices in men fed diets low in vitamin C.
J. Nutr. 1991;121(12):1969-1975.
Hesham AEB. Lipoic acid attenuates DNA fragmentation, oxidative stress and
liver injury induced by tamoxifen in rats. Asian Journal of Traditional Medicines.
2007;2(5):175-188.
Hestrin S. The reaction of acetylcholine and other carboxylic acid derivative with
hydroxylamine and its analytical application. J. Biol. Chem. 1949;180(1):249-261.
Heuser G, Vojdani A. Enhancement of natural killer cell activity and T and B cell
function by buffered vitamin C in patients exposed to toxic chemicals: the role of
protein kinase-C. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 1997;19(3):291-312.
Hida W, Shindo C, Satoh J, Sagara M, Kikuchi Y, Toyota T, Shirato K. N-
acetylcysteine inhibits loss of diaphragm function in streptozotocin treated rats.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1996;153:1875-1879.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 303
Ho E, Chen G, Bray TM. Supplementation of N-acetylcysteine inhibits NFkappaB
activation and protects against alloxan-induced diabetes in CD-1 mice. FASEB J.
1999;13(13):1845-1854.
Holmquist L, Stuchbury G, Berbaum K, Muscat S, Young S, Hager K, Engel J,
Münch G. Lipoic acid as a novel treatment for Alzheimer's disease and related
dementias. Pharmacol. Ther. 2007;113(1):154-164.
Holtzer CD, Reisner-Keller LA. Phenytoininduced thrombocytopenia. Ann.
Pharmacother. 1997;31(4):435-437.
Horowitz JD, Henry CA, Syrjanen ML, Louis WJ, Fish RD, Antman EM, Smith
TW. Nitroglycerine/N-acetylcysteine in the management of unstable angina
pectoris. Eur. Heart J. 1988;9:95-100.
Horsery J, Livesley B, Dickerson JW. Ischemic heart disease and aged patients:
Effects of ascorbic acid on lipoproteins. J. Human Nutr. 1981;35(1):53-58.
Houghton GW, Richens A, Toseland PA, Davidson S, Falconer MA. Brain
concentrations of phenytoin, phenobarbitone and primidone in epileptic patients.
Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1975; 9(1):73-78.
Imoly JA, Linn S. DNA damage and oxygen radical toxicity. Science.
1988;240(4857):1302-1309.
Ishizaka A, Nakanishi M, Kasahara E, Mizutani K, Sakiyama Y, Matsumoto S.
Phenytoin induced IgG2 and IgG4 deficiencies in a patient with epilepsy. Acta
Pediatrica. 1992;81(8):646-648.
Ito S, Shioda M, Sasaki K, Imai K, Oguni H, Osawa M. Agranulocytosis
following phenytoin-induced hypersensitivity syndrome. Brain Dev.
2009;31(6):449-451.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 304
Itoh J, Nabeshima T, Kameyama T. Utility of an elevated plus-maze for the
evaluation of memory in mice: effects of nootropics, scopolamine and
electroconvulsive shock. Psychopharmacol. 1990;101(1):27-33.
Jackson IM, Barnes J, Cooksey P. Efficacy and tolerability of oral acetylcysteine
(Fabrol) in chronic bronchitis: a double-blind placebo controlled study. J. Int.
Med. Res. 1984;12(3):198-206.
Jacob RA, Kelley DS, Pianalto FS, Swendseid ME, Henning SM, Zhang JZ, Ames
BN, Fraga CG, Peters JH. Immunocompetence and oxidant defense during
ascorbate depletion of healthy men. Am. J. Clin.Nutr. 1991;54:1302S-1309S.
Jacob S, Henriksen EJ, Schiemann AL, Simon I, Clancy DE, Tritschler HJ, Junk
WI, Augustin HJ, Dietze GJ. Enhancement of glucose disposal in patients with
type 2 diabetes by alpha-lipoic acid. Arzneimittel-Forschung. 1995;45(8):872-874.
Jacob S, Henriksen EJ, Tritschler HJ, Augustin HJ, Dietze GJ. Improvement of
insulin stimulated glucose disposal in type 2 diabetes after repeated parenteral
administration of thioctic acid. Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes. 1996;104(3):284-
288.
Jacob S, Ruus P, Hermann R, Tritschler HJ, Maerker E, Renn W, Augustin HJ,
Dietze GH, Rett K. Oral administration of alpha-lipoic acid modulates insulin
sensitivity in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled pilot
trial. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1999;27(3-4):309-314.
Jacques PF. Effects of vitamin C on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood
pressure. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 1992;11(2):139-144.
Jaeschke H. Troglitazone hepatotoxicity: are we getting closer to understanding
idiosyncratic liver injury. Toxicol.Sci. 2007;97(1):1-3.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 305
Jaffe GM. Vitamin C. In: Machlin L, editor. Handbook of vitamins. New York:
Marcel Dekker Inc; 1984. P. 199-244.
Jain A, Martensson J, Stole E, Auld PAM, Meister A. Glutathione deficiency
leads to mitochondrial damage in brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
1991;88(5):1913-1917.
Jain SK, McVie R, Jaramillo JJ, Palmer M, Smith T. Effect of modest vitamin E
supplementation on blood glycated hemoglobin and triglyceride levels and red cell
indices in type I diabetic patients. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 1996;15(5):458-461.
Jain SK, Melissa P, Chen Y. Effect of Vitamin E and N-acetylcysteine on
phosphatidylserine externalization and induction of coagulation by high-glucose
treated human erythrocytes. Metabolism. 1999;48(8):957-959.
Jayalakshmi K, Sairam M, Singh SB, Sharma SK, Ilavazhagan G, Banerjee PK.
Neuroprotective effect of N-acetyl cysteine on hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in
primary hippocampal culture. Brain Res. 2005;1046(1-2):97-104.
Jayalakshmi K, Singh B, Kalpana B, Sairam M, Muthuraju S, Ilavazhagan G. N-
acetyl cysteine supplementation prevents impairment of spatial working memory
functions in rats following exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. Physiol. Behav.
2007;92(4):643-650.
Jerina DM, Daly JW. Arene oxides: A new aspect of drug metabolism. Science.
1974;185(4151):573-582.
Jha P, Flather M, Lonn E, Farkouh M, Yusuf S. The antioxidant vitamins and
cardiovascular disease: a critical review of epidemiologic and clinical trial data.
Ann. Intern. Med. 1995;123(11):860-872.
Johnsen-Soriano S, Garcia-Pous M, Arnal E, Sancho-Tello M, Garcia-Delpech S,
Miranda M, Bosch-Morell F, Dias-Liopis M, Navea A, Romero FJ. Early lipoic
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 306
acid intake protects the retina of diabetic mice. Free Radic. Res. 2008;42(7):613-
617.
Johnston CS, Martin LJ, Cai X. Antihistamine effect of supplemental ascorbic
acid and neutrophil chemotaxis. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 1992;11(2):172-176.
Johnston CS, Meyer CG, Srilakshmi JC. Vitamin C elevates red blood cell
glutathione. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1993;58(1):103-105.
Jones DP. Radical-free biology of oxidative stress. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.
2008;295(4):C849-C868.
Judith PV, Abelardo CL, Eduardo MS, Mirandeli B, Jaime E, Cesar E, Manuel G
L, González R, Jorge A, Jorge C, Jose AM. Hepatoprotective effects of glycine
and vitamin E, during the early phase of liver regeneration in the rat. African J.
Pharm. Pharmacol. 2009;3(8):384-390.
Kagan V, Serbinova E, Packer L. Antioxidant effects of ubiquinones in
microsomes and mitochondria are mediated by tocopherol recycling. Biochem.
Biophys. Res. Commun. 1990;169(3):851-857
Kagan VE, Shvedova A, Serbinova E, Khan S, Swanson C, Powell R, Packer L.
Dihydrolipoic acid - a universal antioxidant both in the membrane and in the
aqueous phase. Reduction of peroxyl, ascorbyl and chromanoxyl radicals.
Biochem. Pharmacol. 1992;44(8):1637-1649.
Kagan VE, Tyurina YY. Recycling and redox cycling of phenolic antioxidants.
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1998;854:425-434.
Kalapos MP. Carbamazepine provoked hepatotoxicity and possible
etiopathological role of glutathione in the events.Retrospective review of old data
and call for new investigation. Adverse Drug Reaction Toxicology Review.
2002;21:123-141.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 307
Karasu C, Ozansoy G, Bozkurt O, Erdogan D, Omeroglu S. Antioxidant and
triglyceride lowering effects of Vitamin E associated with the prevention of
abnormalities in the reactivity and morphology of aorta from streptozotocin-
diabetic rats. Antioxidants in Diabetes-Induced Complications (ADIC) Study
Group. Metabolism. 1997;46(8):872-879.
Kass GE. Mitochondrial involvement in drug-induced hepatic injury. Chemico
Biol. Interact. 2006;163(1-2):145-159.
Kazamatsuri H. Elevated serum ALP levels in epilepsy during diphenylhydantoin
therapy. N. Eng. J. Med. 1970;283:1411-1412.
Keaney JF, Frei B. Antioxidant protection of low density lipoprotein and its role
in the prevention of atherosclerotic vascular disease. In: Frei B, editor. Natural
antioxidants in human health and disease. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 1994.
P. 303-351.
Keevil JG, Cullen MW, Gangnon R, Mc-Bridge PE, Stein JH. Implications of
cardiac risk and low density lipoprotein cholesterol distributions in the United
States for diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia: data from National Health and
Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2002. Circulation. 2007;115(11):1363-
1370.
Keith RL, Setiarahardjo I, Fernando Q, Aposhian HV, Gandolfi AJ. Utilization of
renal slices to evaluate the efficacy of chelating agents for removing mercury from
the kidney. Toxicology. 1997;116(1-3):67-75.
Keller JN, Pang Z, Geddes JW, Begley JG, Germeyer A, Waeg G, Mattson MP.
Impairment of glucose and glutamate transport and induction of mitochondrial
oxidative stress and dysfunction in synaptosomes by amyloid β peptidase: Role of
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 308
the lipid peroxidation product 4 hydroxynonetal. J. Neurochem. 1997;69(1):273-
284.
Khaira A, Gupta A, Madhu SV, Khaira DD. Phenytoin Induced Severe Disabling
Osteomalacia in A Young Male with Seizure Disorder. J. Assoc. Physicians India.
2008;56:376-378.
Khassaf M, McArdle A, Esanu C, Vasilaki A, McArdle F, Griffiths RD, Brodie D
A, Jackson MJ. Effect of Vitamin C supplements on antioxidants defence and
stress proteins in human lymphocytes and skeletal muscle. J. Physiol.
2003;549(2):645-652.
Kikuchi K, McCormick C, Neuwelt EA. Immunosuppression by phenytoin:
implication for altered immune competence in brain-tumor patients. J. Neurosurg.
1984;61(6):1085-1090.
Kilciksiz S, Demirel C, Evirgen Ayhan S, Erdal N, Gurgul S, Tamer L, Ayaz L. N
acetylcysteine ameliorates nitrosative stress on radiation-inducible damage in rat
liver. J. BUON. 2011;16(1):154-159.
Kim PM, Wells PG. Phenytoin initiated hydroxyl radical formation:
characterization by enhanced salicylate hydroxylation. Mol. Pharmacol.
1996;49(1):172-181.
Kleim JA, Freeman JH, Bruneau R, Nolan BC, Cooper NR, Zook A, Walters D.
Synapse formation is associated with memory storage in the cerebellum. Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2002;99(20):13228-13231.
Knekt P, Reunanen A, Jarvinen R, Seppanen R, Heliovaara M, Aromaa A.
Antioxidant vitamin intake and coronary mortality in a longitudinal population
study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1994;139(12):1180-1189.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 309
Knezevic V, Mujovic VM, Milosevic A. Effect of Vitamin E on erythrocyte
enzymes and total antioxidant status in diabetic patients with ischemic heart
disease. Srp. Arh. Celok. Lek. 2000;128(7-8):241-246.
Komeima K, Rogers BS, Campochiaro PA. Antioxidants slow photoreceptor cell
death in mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa. J. Cell. Physiol. 2007;213(3):809-
815.
Kondo N, Takao A, Tomatsu S, Shimozawa N, Suzuki Y, Ogawa T, Iwata H, Orii
T. Suppression of IgA production by lymphocytes induced by Diphenyl
hydantoin. J. Invest. Allergol. Clin. Immunol. 1994;4(5):255-257.
Konrad T, Vicini P, Kusterer K, Hoflich A, Assadkhani A, Bohles HJ, Sewell A,
Tritschler HJ, Cobelli C, Usadel KH. Alpha-lipoic acid treatment decreases serum
lactate and pyruvate concentrations and improves glucose effectiveness in lean
and obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1999;22(2):280-287.
Kontush K, Schekatolina S. Vitamin E in neurodegenerative disorders:
Alzheimer's disease. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2004;1031:249-262.
Kopelman MD. The cholinergic neurotransmitter system in human learning and
memory: a review. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 1986;38(4):535-573.
Kornbrust DJ, Mavis RD. Relative susceptibility of microsomes from lung, heart,
liver, kidney, brain and testes to lipid peroxidation: correlation with vitamin E
content. Lipids. 1980;15(5):315-322.
Korou LM, Agrogiannis G, Pantopoulou A, Vlachos IS, Iliopoulos D, Karatzas T,
Perrea DN. Comparative antilipidemic effect of N-acetylcysteine and sesame oil
administration in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic mice. Lipids Health Dis.
2010;9(23):1-7.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 310
Krieger MH, Santos KF, Shishido SM, Wanschel AC, Estrela HF, Santos L, De
Oliveira MG, Franchini KG, Spadari-Bratfisch RC, Laurindo FR. Antiatherogenic
effects of S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine in hypercholesterolemic LDL receptor
knockout mice. Nitric Oxide. 2006;14(1):12-20.
Krishnamoorthy P, Sangeetha M. Hepatoprotective effect of Vitamin C on sodium
nitrite induced lipid peroxidation in albino rats. Indian J. Biochem. Biophys.
2008;45:206-208.
Kritchevsky SB, Shimakawa T, Tell GS, Dennis B, Carpenter M, Eckfeldt JH,
Peacher-Ryan H, Heiss G. Dietary antioxidants and carotid artery wall thickness.
The ARIC Study. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Circulation.
1995;92(8):2142-2150.
Kulkarni SK. Hand book of experimental pharmacology. In: Pharmacology of
central nervous system. 3rd edition. Delhi: Vallabh Prakashan; 1999. P. 117-135.
Kumar A, Seghal N, Naidu PS, Padi SS, Goyal R. Colchicines-induced
neurotoxicity as an animal model of sporadic dementia of Alzheimer's type.
Pharmacol. Rep. 2007;59(3):274-283.
Laguzzi RF, Acevedo C, Izquierdo JA. The effect of ascorbic acid on evoked
potentials in the dorsal hippocampus by stimulation of the fornix. Arzneimittel-
Forschung. 1970;20(9):1270-1271.
Lalonde R, Botez MI. Subsensivity to muscimol-induced catalepsy after long-term
administration of phenytoin in rats. Psychopharmacol. 1985;86(1-2):77-80.
Landmark K. Could intake of Vitamins C and E inhibit development of Alzheimer
dementia. Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. 2006;126(2):159-161.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 311
Laurenson IF, Buckoke C, Davidson C, Gutteridge C. Delayed fatal
agranulocytosis in an epileptic taking primidone and phenytoin. Lancet.
1994;344(8918):332-333.
Lee L, Kang SA, Lee HO, Lee BH, Jung IK, Lee JE, Hoe YS. Effect of
supplementation of Vitamin E and Vitamin C on brain acetyl cholinesterase
activity and neurotransmitter levels in rats treated with scopolamine, an inducer of
dementia. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. (Tokyo). 2001;47(5):323-328.
Lee WJ, Song KH, Koh EH, Won JC, Kim HS, Park HS, Kim MS, Kim SW, Lee
KU, Park JY. Alpha-lipoic acid increases insulin sensitivity by activating AMPK
in skeletal muscle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2005;332(3):885-891.
Lenton KJ, Therriault H, Cantin AM, Fülöp T, Payette H, Wagner JR. Direct
correlation of glutathione and ascorbate and their dependence on age and season
in human lymphocytes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000;71(5):1194-1200.
Leppik IE. Choosing an antiepileptic. Selecting drugs for older patients with
epilepsy. Geriatrics. 2005;60(11):42-47.
Levine M, Chang T. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of phenytoin. Rationale and
current status. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 1990;19(5):341-358.
Levine M, Rumsey SC, Daruvala R, Park JB, Wang Y. Criteria and
recommendations for Vitamin C intake. JAMA. 1999;281(15):1415-1423.
Levy R, Shriker O, Porath A, Riesenberg K, Schlaeffer F. Vitamin C for the
treatment of recurrent furunculosis in patients with impaired neutrophil functions.
J. Infect. Dis. 1996;173(6):1502-1505.
Li M, Suzuki E, Kurata T. Effects of 2,3-Diketo-L-gulonic Acid on the Oxidation
of Yolk Lipoprotein. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2001;65(3):599-604.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 312
Li Y, Powers C, Jiang N, Chopp M. Intact, injured, necrotic and apoptotic cells
after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. J. Neurol. Sci. 1998;156(2):119-132.
Lin CC, Yin MC, Hsu CC, Lin MP. Effect of five cysteine-containing compounds
on three lipogenic enzymes in Balb/cA mice consuming a high saturated fat diet.
Lipids. 2004;39(9):843-848.
Lin CC, Yin MC. Effects of cysteine-containing compounds on biosynthesis of
triacylglycerol and cholesterol and anti-oxidative protection in liver from mice
consuming a high-fat diet. Br. J. Nutr. 2008;99(1):37-43.
Liu CB, Feng YH, Ye GH, Xiao M. Effects of α-lipoic acid and vitamin C on
oxidative stress in rat exposed to chronic arsenic toxicity. Zhonghua Lao Dong
Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2010;28(12):891-894.
Liu CS, Wu HM, Kao SH, Wei YH. Phenytoin mediated oxidative stress in serum
of female epileptics: a possible pathogenesis in the fetal hydantoin syndrome.
Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 1997;16(3):177-181.
Liu L, Wells PG. Potential molecular targets mediating chemical teratogenesis: in
vitro peroxidase-catalyzed phenytoin metabolism and oxidative damage to
proteins and lipids in murine maternal hepatic microsomes and embryonic 9000g
supernatant. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1995;134(1):71-80.
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the
Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 1951;193(1):265-75.
Lubrano R, Frediani T, Citti G, Cardi E, Mannarino O, Elli M, Cozzi F, Giardini
O. Erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation before and after Vitamin E
supplementation in children with cholestasis. J. Pediatrics. 1989;115(3):380-384.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 313
Luef G, Chemelli A, Birbamer G, Aichner F, Bauer G. Phenytoin overdosage and
cerebellar atrophy in epileptic patients: clinical and MRI findings. Eur. Neurol.
1994;34(1):79-81.
Luna LG. Manual of histology and staining methods of the armed forces institute
of pathology. 3rd edition. New York: Mc Graw Hill Book Co; 1986.P. 258.
Luoma PV, Reunanen MI, Sotaniemi EA. Changes in serum triglyceride and
cholesterol levels during long-term phenytoin treatment for epilepsy. Acta Med.
Scand. 1979;206(3):229-231.
Lynch MA. Lipoic acid confers protection against oxidative injury in non-
neuronal and neuronal tissue. Nutr. Neurosci. 2001;4(6):419-438.
Lynch SM, Gaziano JM, Frei B. Ascorbic acid and atherosclerotic cardiovascular
disease. Subcell Biochem. 1996;25:331-367.
Lyons TJ. Glycation and diabetic complications. In: Leslie RDG, Robbins DC,
editors. Diabetes Clinical Science in Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press; 1995. P. 288-312.
Macdonald RL, Kelly KM. Mechanisms of action of currently prescribed and
newly developed anticonvulsant drugs. Epilepsia. 1994;35(4):S41-S50.
Mackerer CR, Saunders RN, Haettinger JR, Mehlman MA. Assessment of
diabetogenic drug activity in the rat: 5,5-diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin. J. Toxicol.
Environ. Health. 1977;2(5):1041-1051.
Maczurek A, Hager K, Kenklies M, Sharman M, Martins R, Engel J, Carlson D A,
Münch G. Lipoic acid as an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective treatment for
Alzheimer's disease. Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev. 2008;60(13-14):1463-1470.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 314
Madden S, Maggs JL, Park BK. Bioactivation of carbamazepine in the rat invivo.
Evidence for the formation of reactive arene oxide(s). Drug Metab. Dispos. 1996;
24(4):469-479.
Maderazo EG, Woronick CL, Hickingbotham N, Jacobs L, Bhagavan HN. A
randomized trial of replacement antioxidant vitamin therapy for neutrophil
locomotory dysfunction in blunt trauma. J Trauma. 1991;31(8):1142-1150.
Mahle C, Dasgupta A. Decreased total antioxidant capacity and elevated lipid
hydroperoxide concentrations in sera of epileptic patients receiving phenytoin.
Life Sci. 1997;61(4):437-443.
Mahmood El-Gharieb A, Thanaa El-Masry A, Ashraf Emara M, Mohammed
Hashem A. Potential hepatoprotective effects of vitamin E and Nigella sativa oil
on hepatotoxicity induced by chronic exposure to malathion in human and male
albino rats. Toxicol. Environ. Chem. 2010;92(2):391-407.
Maitra I, Serbinova E, Trischler H, Packer L. Alpha-lipoic acid prevents
buthionine sulfoximine-induced cataract formation in newborn rats. Free Rad.
Biol. Med. 1995;18(4):823-829.
Malarkodi KP, Sivaprasad R, Varalakshmi P. Effect of lipoic acid on the
oxidoreductive status of red blood cells in rats subject to oxidative stress by
chronic administration of adriamycin. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 2004;23(3):129-135.
Malinska D, Winiarska K. Lipoic acid: characteristics and therapeutic
applications. Postepy. Hig. Med. Dosw. 2005;59:535-543.
Mannervik B. Glutathione peroxidase. Methods Enzymol. 1985;113:490-495.
Maritim AC, Sanders RA, Watkins JB. Diabetes, oxidative stress, and
antioxidants: a review. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 2003;17(1):24-38.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 315
Markesbery WR. Oxidative stress hypothesis in Alzheimer’s disease. Free Radic.
Biol. Med. 1997;23(1):134-147.
Marklund S, Marklund G. Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the auto
oxidation of pyragallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur. J.
Biochem. 1974;47(3):469-474.
Martensson J, Meister A. Glutathione deficiency decreases issue ascorbate levels
in newborn rats: ascorbate spares glutathione and protects. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA. 1991;88(11):4656-4660.
Martinez CA, Campos Apaez E, Rosales V, Mourelle M. Vitamin E improves
membrane lipid alterations induced by CCl4 intoxication. J. Appl. Toxicol.
1984;4(5):270-272.
Martinez M, Hernandez AI, Martinez N. N-Acetylcysteine delays age-associated
memory impairment in mice: role in synaptic mitochondria. Brain Res. 2000;
855(1):100-106.
Martinez M, Martinez N, Hernandez AI, Ferrandiz ML. Hypothesis: can N-
acetylcysteine be beneficial in Parkinson's disease?. Life Sci. 1999;64(15):1253-
1257.
Masaki KH, Losonczy KG, Izmirlian G, Foley DJ, Ross GW, Petrovitch H,
Havlik R, White LR. Association of vitamin E and C supplement use with
cognitive function and dementia in elderly men. Neurology. 2000;54(6):1265-
1272.
Mate JM, Aledo JC, Pérez-Gómez C, Esteban del Valle A, Segura JM. Inter-
relationship between oxidative damage and antioxidant enzyme activities: an easy
and rapid experimental approach. Biochem. Educ. 2000;28(2):93-95.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 316
Matsuzaki M, Tokioka T, Suga K, Sueoka E, Ono K, SanoM, Shimamoto Y,
Yamaguchi M. Phenytoin induced agranulocytosis: direct and T cell-mediated
mechanisms. Rinsho Ketsueki. 1990;31(4):474-478.
Mattson RH, Cramer JA, Collins JF. Prognosis for total control of complex partial
and secondarily generalized tonic clonic seizures. Department of Veterans Affairs
Epilepsy Cooperative Studies No. 118 and No. 264 Group. Neurology. 1996;
47(1):68-76.
Mays DC, Pawluk LJ, Apseloff G, Davis WB, She ZW, Sagone AR, Gerber N.
Metabolism of phenytoin and covalent binding of reactive intermediates in
activated human neutrophills. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1995;50(3):367-380.
McEntee WJ, Crook TH. Cholinergic function in the aged brain: implications for
the treatment of memory impairments associated with aging. Behav. Pharmacol.
1992;3(4):327-336.
McIntosh LJ, Trush MA, Troncoso JC. Increase susceptibility of Alzheimer’s
disease temporal cortex to oxygen free radical mediated process. Free Radic. Biol.
Med. 1997;23(2):183-190.
McKenney JM. Pharmacotherapy of dyslipidemia. Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. 2001;
15(5):413-422.
McLain LW, Martin JT, Allen JH. Cerebellar degeneration due to chronic
phenytoin therapy. Ann. Neurol. 1980;7(1):18-23.
McNamara JO. Pharmacotherapy of the epilepsies. In: Bruton LL, Lazo JS, Parker
KJ, editors. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. New York: Goodman
and Gilman's Mc Graw-Hill; 2006. P. 501-525.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 317
Meador KJ, Loring DW, Abney OL, Allen ME, Moore EE, Zamrini EY, King
DW. Effects of carbamazepine and phenytoin on EEG and memory in healthy
adults. Epilepsia. 1993;34(1):153-157.
Meador KJ, Loring DW, Allen ME, Zamrini EY, Moore EE, Abney OL, King
DW. Comparative cognitive effects of carbamazepine and phenytoin in healthy
adults. Neurology. 1991;41(10):1537-1540.
Meador KJ, Loring DW, Moore EE, Thompson WO, Nichols ME, Oberzan RE,
Durkin MW, Gallagher BB, King DW. Comparative cognitive effects of
phenobarbital, phenytoin and valproate in healthy adults. Neurology.
1995;45(8):1494-1499.
Meister A. Glutathione-ascorbic acid antioxidant system in animals. J. Biol.
Chem. 1994;269(13):9397-9400.
Melhem MF, Craven PA, Derubertis FR. Effects of dietary supplementation of
alpha-lipoic acid on early glomerular injury in diabetes mellitus. J. Am. Soc.
Nephrol. 2001;12(1):124-133.
Melo JB, Agostinho P, Oliveira CR. Involvement of oxidative stress in the
enhancement of acetylcholinesterase activity induced by amyloid beta-peptide.
Neurosci. Res. 2003;45(1):117-127.
Menegola E, Broccia ML, Prati M, Ricolfi R, Giavini E. Glutathione status in
diabetes-induced embryopathies. Biol. Neonate. 1996;69(5):293-297.
Mesulam MM, Guillozet A, Shaw P, Levey A, Duysen EG, Lockridge O.
Acetylcholinesterase knockouts establish central cholinergic pathways and can use
butyrylcholinesterase to hydrolyze acetylcholine. Neuroscience. 2002;110(4):627-
639.
Meydani M. Antioxidants and cognitive function. Nutr. Rev. 2001;59:S75-S80.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 318
Meydani SN, Leka LS, Fine BC, Dallal GE, Keusch GT, Singh MF, Hamer DH.
Vitamin E and respiratory tract infections in elderly nursing home residents: a
randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004;292(7):828-836.
Meydani SN, Meydani M, Blumberg JB, Leka LS, Siber G, Loszewski R,
Thompson C, Pedrosa MC, Diamond RD, Stollar BD. Vitamin E supplementation
and in vivo immune response in healthy elderly subjects. A randomized controlled
trial. JAMA. 1997;277(17):1380-1386.
Michael N, Sourgens H, Arolt V, Erfurth A. Severe Tardive Dyskinesia in
Affective Disorders: Treatment with Vitamin E and C. Neuropsychobiol.
2002;46(1):28-30.
Midaoui AE, Elimadi A, Wu L, Haddad PS, De-Champlain J. Lipoic acid prevents
hypertension, hyperglycemia, and the increase in heart mitochondrial superoxide
production. Am. J. Hypertens. 2003;16(3):173-179.
Miller JW. Vitamin E and memory: is it vascular protection?. Nutr. Rev.
2000;58(4):109-111.
Minhajuddin M, Beg ZH, Iqbal J. Hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties of
tocotrienol rich fraction isolated from rice bran oil in experimentally induced
hyperlipidemic rats. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2005;43(5):747-753.
Mintzer S, Skidmore CT, Abidin CJ, Morales MC, Chervoneva I, Capuzzi DM,
Sperling MR. Effects of antiepileptic drugs on lipids, homocysteine and C-
reactive protein. Ann. Neurol. 2009;65(4):448-456.
Mitsui Y, Schmelzer JD, Zollman PJ, Mitsui M, Tritschler HJ, Low PA. Alpha-
lipoic acid provides neuroprotection from ischemiareperfusion injury of peripheral
nerve. J. Neurol. Sci. 1999;163(1):11-16.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 319
Molchan SE, Martinez RA, Hill JL, Weingartner HJ, Thompson K, Vitiello B,
Sunderland T. Increased cognitive sensitivity to scopolamine with age and a
perspective on the scopolamine model. Brain Res. Rev. 1992;17(3):215-226.
Moldeus P, Cotgreave IA, Berggren M. Lung protection by a thiol-containing
antioxidant: N-acetylcysteine. Respiration. 1986;50:31-42.
Monteiro SC, Matte C, Bavaresco CS, Netto CA, Wyse AT. Vitamins E and C
pretreatment prevents ovariectomy-induced memory deficits in water maze.
Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2005;84(3):192-199.
Montenegro MA, Scotoni AE, Cendes F. Dyskinesia induced by phenytoin. Arq.
Neuropsiquiatr. 1999;57(2B):356-360.
Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, Tangney CC, Wilson RS. Vitamin E and
cognitive decline in older persons. Arch. Neurol. 2002;59(7):1125-1132.
Mullan BA, Young IS, Fee H, McCance DR. Ascorbic acid reduces blood
pressure and arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes. Hypertension. 2002;40(6):804-
809.
Muller L, Menzel H. Studies on the efficacy of lipoate and dihydrolipoate in the
alteration of cadmium toxicity in isolated hepatocytes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta.
Mol. Cell Res. 1990;1052(3):386-391.
Muller L. Protective effects of DL-alpha-lipoic acid on cadmium-induced
deterioration of rat hepatocytes. Toxicology. 1989;58(2):175-185.
Mullick FG, Ishak KG. Hepatic injury associated with diphenylhydantoin therapy:
a clinicopathological case of 20 cases. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 1980;74(4):442-452.
Myhrer T. Neurotransmitter systems involved in learning and memory in the rat: a
meta-analysis base on studies of four behavioral tasks. Brain Res. Rev. 2003;41(2-
3):268-287.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 320
Naber PA, Witter MP, Lopes Silva FH. Networks of the hippocampal memory
system of the rat. The pivotal role of the subiculum. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.
2000;911:392-403.
Naghibi B, Ghafghazi T, Hajhashemi V, Talebi A, Taheri D. The effect of
Vitamin E in prevention of vancomycin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Res.
Pharm. Sci. 2006;104-111.
Narasimhanaidu K, Rajagopalan R, Kode A, Penumathsa VS, Periyasamy V,
Venugopal PM. Protective Effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine in Carbon Tetrachloride-
Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Iranian J. Pharmacol.Ther. 2005;4:118-123.
Navarova J, Ujhazy E, Dubovicky M, Mach M. Effect of melatonin on
biochemical variables induced by phenytoin in organs of mothers, foetuses and
offsprings of rats. Cent. Eur. J. Public. Health. 2004;12:S67-S69.
Navarova J, Ujhazy E, Dubovicky M, Mach M. Phenytoin induced oxidative
stress in pre- and postnatal rat developmenteffect of Vitamin E on selective
biochemical variables. Biomed. Pap. Med. Fac. Univ. Palacky. Olomouc. Czech.
Repub. 2005;149(2):325-328.
Navarro A, Gomez C, Sanchez-Pino MJ, Gonzalez H, Bandez MJ, Boveris AD,
Boveris A. Vitamin E at high doses improves survival, neurological performance
and brain mitochondrial function in aging male mice. Am. J. Physiol. Regul.
Integr. Comp. Physiol. 2005;289(5):R1392-R1399.
Naziroglu M, Cay M, Ustundag B, Aksakal M, Yekeler H. Protective effects of
vitamin E on carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in rats. Cell Biochem.
Funct. 1999;17(4):253-259.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 321
Ncibi S, Othman MB, Akacha A, Krifi MN, Zourgui L. Opuntia ficus indica
extract protects against chlorpyrifos-induced damage on mice liver. Food Chem.
Toxicol. 2008;46(2):797-802.
Nebert DW, Jensen NM. Genetic regulation of the metabolism of carcinogens,
drugs and other environmental chemicals by cytochrome P450 medicated
monooxygenases. Crit. Rev. Biochem. 1979;6(4):401-437.
Nebert DW, Russel DW. Clinical importance of the cytochromes P450. Lancet.
2002;360(9340):1155-1162.
Negrisanu G, Rosu M, Bolte B, Lefter D, Dabelea D. Effects of 3-month treatment
with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Rom. J.
Intern. Med. 1999;37(3):297-306.
Nehru B, Kanwar SS. N-acetylcysteine exposure on lead induced lipid
peroxidative damage and oxidative defense system in brain regions of rats. Biol.
Trace Elem. Res. 2004;101(3):257-264.
Ness AR, Khaw KT, Bingham S, Day NE. Vitamin C status and serum lipids. Eur.
J. Clin. Nutr. 1996;50(11):724-729.
Neuzil J, Thomas SR, Stocker R. Requirement for, promotion, or inhibition by a-
tocopherol of radicalinduced initiation of plasma lipoprotein lipid peroxidation.
Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1997;22(1-2):57-71.
Neuzil J, Weber T, Schroder A, Lu M, Ostermann G, Gellert N, Mayne GC,
Olejnicka B, Negre Salvayre A, Sticha M, Coffey RJ, Weber C. Induction of
cancer cell apoptosis by alpha-tocopheryl succinate: molecular pathways and
structural requirements. FASEB J. 2001;15(2):403-415.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 322
Niehaus WG, Samuelsson B. Formation of malondialdehyde from phospholipids
arachidonate during microsomal lipid peroxidation. Eur. J. Biochem.
1968;6(1):126-130.
Nicol CJ, Harrison ML, Laposa RR, Gimelshtein IL, Wells PG. A teratologic
suppressor role for p53 in benzo[a]pyrene-treated transgenic p53-deficient mice.
Nat. Genet. 1995;10(2):181-187.
Niki E, Noguchi N. Protection of human low-density lipoprotein from oxidative
modification by vitamin C. In: Packer L, Fuchs J, editors. Vitamin C in health and
disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc; 1997. P. 183-192.
Nikolaos T, Stylianos G, Chryssoula N, Irini P, Christos M, Dimitrios T,
Konstantinos P, Antonis T. The effect of long-term antiepileptic treatment on
serum cholesterol (TC, HDL, LDL) and triglyceride levels in adult epileptic
patients on monotherapy. Med. Sci. Monit. 2004;10(4):MT50-52.
Nitti M, Pronzato MA, Marinari UM, Domenicotti C. PKC signaling in oxidative
hepatic damage. Mol. Aspects Med. 2008;29(1-2):36-42.
Noroozi M, Angerson WJ, Lean MEJ. Effects of flavonoids and Vitamin C on
oxidative DNA damage to human lymphocytes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
1998;67(6):1210-1218.
Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissue by
thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal. Biochem. 1979;95(2):351-358.
Ohmori H, Ogura H, Yasuda M, Nakamura S, Hatta T, Kawano K, Michikawa T,
Yamashita K, Mikoshiba K. Developmental Neurotoxicity of Phenytoin on
Granule Cells and Purkinje Cells in Mouse Cerebellum. J. Neurochem.
1999;72(4):1497-1506.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 323
Okada K, Sugiua T, Kuroda E, Tsuji S, Yamashita U. Phenytoin promotes Th2
type immune response in mice. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2001;124(3):406-413.
Okamoto Y, Shimizu K, Tamura K, Yamada M, Matsui Y, Hayakawa T, Mogami
H. Effects of anticonvulsants on cellular immunity. No To Shinkei.
1989;41(3):299-304.
Okamoto Y, Shimizu K, Tamura Y, Miyao Y, Yamada M, Matsui Y, Tsuda N,
Mogami H. Effects of phenytoin on cell mediated immunity. No To Shinkei.
1987;39(10):931-936.
Okamoto Y, Shimizu K, Tamura Y, Miyao Y, Yamada M, Tsuda N, Matsui Y,
Mogami H. Effects of phenytoin on cell-mediated immunity. Cancer Immunol.
Immunother. 1988;26(2):176-179.
Oliveira CP, Gayotto LC, Tatai C, Della Nina BI, Lima ES, Abdalla DS, Lopasso
FP, Laurindo FR, Carrilho FJ. Vitamin C and Vitamin E in prevention of
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in choline deficient diet fed rats.
Nutr. J. 2003;2:9.
Omaye ST, Turbull JD, Sauberchich HE. Selected methods for determination of
ascorbic acid in cells, tissues and fluids. Methods Enzymol. 1979;62:3-11.
Ono H, Sakamoto A, Sakura N. Plasma total glutathione concentrations in
epileptic patients taking anticonvulsants. Clin. Chim. Acta. 2000;298(1-2):135-
143.
Osborn HH, Zisfein J, Sparano R. Single-dose oral phenytoin loading. Ann.
Emerg. Med. 1987;16(4):407-412.
Osganian SK, Stampfer MJ, Rimm E, Spiegelman D, Hu FB, Manson JE, Willett
WC. Vitamin C and risk of coronary heart disease in women. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.
2003;42(2):246-252.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 324
Ou P, Nourooz-Zadeh J, Tritschler HJ, Wolff S. Activation of aldose reductase in
rat lens and metalion chelation by aldose reductase inhibitors and lipoic acid. Free
Radic. Res. 1996;25(4):337-346.
Ou P, Tritschler HJ, Wolff SP. Thioctic (lipoic) acid: a therapeutic metal-chelating
antioxidant?. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1995;50(1):123-126.
Ozaras R, Tahan V, Aydin S, Uzun H, Kaya S, Senturk H. N-acetylcysteine
attenuates alcohol-induced oxidative stess in rats. World J. Gastroenterol.
2003;9(4):791-794.
Pace GW, Leaf CD. The role of oxidative stress in HIV disease. Free Radic. Biol.
Med. 1995;19(4):523-528.
Packer L, Landvik S. Vitamin E in biological systems. In: Emerit I, Packer L,
Auclair C, editors. Antioxidants in therapy and preventive medicine. New York:
Plenum Press; 1990. P. 93-104.
Packer L, Tritschler HJ, Wessel K. Neuroprotection by the metabolic antioxidant
alpha-lipoic acid. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1997;22(1-2):359-378.
Packer L, Witt EH, Tritschler HJ. Alpha-lipoic acid as a biological antioxidant.
Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1995;19(2):227-250.
Packer L. Vitamin C and redox cycling antioxidants. In: Packer L, Fuchs J,
editors. Vitamin C in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc; 1997. P.
95-121.
Pajoumand A, Jalali N, Abdollahi M, Shadnia S. Successful treatment of
acetaminophen overdose associated with hepatic failure. Hum. Exp. Toxicol.
2003;22(8):453-458.
Paleologos M, Cumming RG, Lazarus R. Cohort study of Vitamin C intake and
cognitive impairment. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1998;148(1):45-50.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 325
Panayiotidis M, Collins AR. Ex vivo assessment of lymphocyte antioxidant status
using the comet assay. Free Rad. Res. 1997;27(5):533- 537.
Pande M, Flora SJ. Lead induced oxidative damage and its response to combined
administration of alpha-lipoic acid and succimers in rats. Toxicology. 2002;177(2-
3):187-196.
Pandey DK, Shekelle R, Selwyn BJ, Tangney C, Stamler J. Dietary vitamin C and
beta-carotene and risk of death in middle-aged men. Am. J. Epidemiol.
1995;142(12):1269-1278.
Pandhi P, Balakrishnan S. Cognitive dysfunction induced by phenytoin and
valproate in rats: effect of nitric oxide. Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol.
1999;43(3):378-382.
Panigrahi M, Sadguna Y, Shivakumar BR, Kolluri SV, Roy S, Packer L,
Ravindranath V. Alpha-lipoic acid protects against reperfusion injury following
cerebral ischemia in rats. Brain Res. 1996;717(1-2):184-188.
Paolisso G, Balbi V, Volpe C, Varricchio M, Gambardella A, Saccomanno F,
Ammendola S, Varricchio M, D'Onofrio F. Metabolic benefits deriving from
chronic Vitamin C supplementation in aged non-insulin dependent diabetics. J.
Am. Coll. Nutr. 1995;14(4):387-392.
Paolisso G, D’Amore A, Balbi V, Volpe C, Galzerano D, Giugliano D, Sgambato
S, Varricchio M, D’Onofrio F. Plasma vitamin C affects glucose homeostasis in
healthy subjects and non-insulin-dependent diabetics. Am. J. Physiol. 1994a;
266:E261-E268.
Paolisso G, D’Amore A, Volpe C, Balbi V, Saccomanno F, Galzerano D,
Giugliano D, Varricchio M, D’Onofrio F. Evidence for a relationship between
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 326
oxidative stress and insulin action in non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetic
patients. Metabolism.1994b;43(11):1426-1429.
Paolisso G, D'Amore A, Giugliano D, Ceriello A, Varricchio M, D'Onofrio F.
Pharmacologic doses of vitamin E improves insulin action in healthy subjects and
non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Am. J. Clin.Nutr. 1993;57(5):650-656.
Paolisso G, Di Maro G, Galzerano D, Cacciapuoti F, Varricchio M, D'Onofrio F.
Pharmacological doses of Vitamin E and insulin action in elderly subjects. Am. J.
Clin. Nutr. 1994c;59(6):1291-1296.
Paolisso G, Giugliano D. Oxidative stress and insulin action: is there a
relationship?. Diabetologia. 1996;39(3):357-363.
Papaccio G. Prevention of low dose streptozotocin induced diabetes by
acetylhomocysteine thiolactone. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 1991;13(1-2):95-102.
Pari L, Murugavel P. Diallyl tetrasulfide improves cadmium induced alterations of
acetylcholinesterase, ATPases and oxidative stress in brain of rat. Toxicology.
2007;234(1-2):44-50.
Pari L, Murugavel P. Protective effect of alpha lipoic acid against chloroquine-
induced hepatotoxicity in rats. J. Appl. Toxicol. 2004;24(1):21-26.
Park BK, Kitteringham NR, Maggs JL, Pirmohamed M, Williams DP. The role of
metabolic activation in drug induced hepatotoxicity. Ann. Rev. Pharmacol.
Toxicol. 2005;45:177-202.
Parle M, Dhingra D. Ascorbic acid: a promising memory-enhancer in mice. J.
Pharmacol. Sci. 2003;93(2):129-135.
Parola M, Leonarduzzi A, Biasi F, Albano E, Biocca ME, Poli G, Dianzani MU.
Vitamin E dietary supplementation protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced
chronic liver damage and cirrhosis. Hepatology. 1992;16(4):1014-1021.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 327
Parsonnet J. Bacterial infection as a cause of cancer. Environ. Health Perspect.
1995;103:263-268.
Parthasarathy S, Barnett J, Fong LG. High density lipoprotein inhibits the
oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein. Biochim. Biophysics. Acta.
1990;1044(2):275-283.
Paul ME. Phenytoin hypersensitivity syndrome presenting as multi-system organ
failure. The Internet Journal of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine.
1997;1:2.
Pawlowska GK, Wardas M, Wardas P, Rzepecka SA. Protective effects of vitamin
E against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits. Chemical Papers. 2007;61(1):6-
10.
Paz K, Hemi R, LeRoith D, Karasik A, Elhanany E, Kanety H, Zick Y. A
molecular basis for insulin resistance: elevated serine/threonine phosphorylation
of IRS-1 and IRS-2 inhibits their binding to the juxtamembrane region of the
insulin receptor and impairs their ability to undergo insulin-induced tyrosine
phosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 1997;272:29911-29918.
Pearlman FC, Lee RTY. Detection and measurement of total bilirubin in serum
with use of surfactants as solubilizing agents. Clin. Chem. 1974;20(4):447-453.
Perry EK, Tomlinson BE, Blessed G, Bergmann K, Gibson PH, Perry RH.
Correlation of cholinergic abnormalities with senile plaques and mental test scores
in senile dementia. Br. Med. J. 1978;2:1457-1459.
Perry HE, Shannon MW. Efficacy of oral versus intravenous N-acetylcysteine in
acetaminophen overdose: results of an open-label, clinical trial. J. Pediatr.
1998;132(1):149-152.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 328
Pezzilli R, Billi P, Melandri R, Broccoli PL, Fontana G. Anticonvulsant-induced
chronic pancreatitis. A case report. Ital. J. Gastroenterol. 1992;24(5):245-246.
Picker M, Poling A. Effects of anticonvulsants on learning: performance of
pigeons under a repeated acquisition procedure when exposed to phenobarbital,
clonazepam, valproic acid, ethosuximide and phenytoin. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
1984;230(2):307-316.
Poli G. Liver damage due to free radicals. Br. Med. Bull. 1993;49(3):604-620.
Poling A, Blakely E, White W, Picker M. Chronic effects of clonazepam,
phenytoin, ethosuximide and valproic acid on learning in pigeons as assayed by a
repeated acquisition procedure. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1986;24(6):1583-
1586.
Porter RJ, Meldrum BS. Antiseizure drugs. In: Katzung BG, editor. Basic and
clinical pharmacology. New York: Lange Medical Books/ Mc Graw Hill
Companies; 2004. P. 382-383.
Potsalos PN, Froscher W, Pisani F, Van Rigin CM. The importance of drug
interactions in epilepsy therapy. Epilepsia. 2002;43(4):365-385.
Prakash A, Kumar A. Effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine against Aluminium-induced
cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage in rats. Basic and Clin. Pharmacol.
Toxicol. 2009;105(2):98-104.
Prehn JH, Karkoutly C, Nuglisch J, Peruche B, Krieglstein J. Dihydrolipoate
reduces neuronal injury after cerebral ischemia. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.
1992;12(1):78-87.
Priya S, Vijayalakshmi P, Vivekanandan P, Karthikeyan S. Influence of N-
acetylcysteine against dimethylnitrosamine induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
Toxicol. Ind. Health. 2011;27(10):914-922.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 329
Pryor WA. Vitamin E and heart disease: Basic science to clinical intervention
trials. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2000;28(1):141-164.
Radak Z, Kaneko T, Tahara S, Nakamoto H, Ohno H, Sasvari M, Nyakas C, Goto
S. The effects of exercise training on oxidative damage of lipids, proteins, and
DNA in rat skeletal muscle: Evidence for beneficial outcomes. Free Radic. Biol.
Med. 1999;27(1-2):69-74.
Radhakrishnan K, Pandian JD, Santosh Kumar T, Thomas SV, Deetha TD, Sarma
PS, Jayachandran D, Mohamed E. Prevalence, knowledge, attitude and practice of
epilepsy in Kerala, South India. Epilepsia. 2000;41(8):1027-1035.
Raghuram TC, Krishnamurthi D, Kalamegham R. Effect of vitamin C on
paracetamol hepatotoxicity. Toxicol. Lett. 1978;2(3):175-178.
Ramakrishnan N, Wolfe WW, Catravas GN. Radioprotection of hematopoietic
tissues in mice by lipoic acid. Radiation Res. 1992;130(3):360-365.
Rantanakorn D, Kaojarern S, Phuapradit P, Mokkhavesa C. Single oral loading
dose of phenytoin: a pharmacokinetics study. J. Neurol. Sci. 1997;147(1):89-92.
Rawanduzy A, Sarkis A, Rovit RL. Severe phenytoin-induced bone marrow
depression and agranulocytosis treated with human recombinant granulocyte-
macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Case report. J. Neurosurg. 1993;
79(1):121-124.
Raza M, Ahmad M, Gado A, Al-Shabanah OA. A comparison of hepatoprotective
activities of aminoguanidine and N-acetylcysteine in rat against the toxic damage
induced by azathioprine. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
2003;134(4):451-456.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 330
Rebec GV, Pierce RC. A Vitamin as neuromodulator: ascorbate release into the
extracellular fluid of the brain regulates dopaminergic and glutamatergic
transmission. Prog. Neurobiol. 1994;43(6):537-565.
Redondo P, Badres E, Solano T, Okroujnov I, Garcia Foncillas J. Vascular
endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and melanoma. N acetylcysteine downregulates
VEGF production in vitro. Cytokine. 2000;12(4):374-378.
Reeta KH, Jogender M, Gupta YK. Curcumin is protective against phenytoin
induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in rats. Brain Res.
2009;1301:52-60.
Reid MB, Stokic DS, Koch SM, Khawli FA, Leis AA. N-acetylcysteine inhibits
muscle fatigue in humans. J. Clin. Invest. 1994;94(6):2468-2474.
Reis EA, Zugno AL, Franzon R, Tagliari B, Matte C, Lammers ML, Netto CA,
Wyse AT. Pretreatment with Vitamins E and C prevent the impairment of
memory caused by homocysteine administration in rats. Metabol. Brain Dis.
2002;17(3):211-217.
Reynolds EH, Travers RD. Serum anticonvulsant concentrations in epileptic
patients with mental symptoms. A preliminary report. Br. J. Psychiatry.
1974;124:440-445.
Reynolds EH. Chronic antiepileptic toxicity: a review. Epilepsia. 1975;16(2):319-
352.
Rice ME. Ascorbate regulation and its neuroprotective role in the brain. Trends
Neurosci. 2000;23(5):209-216.
Richens A. Clinical pharmacokinetuics of phenytoin. Clin. Pharmacokinet.
1979;4(3):153-169.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 331
Robins MM. Aplastic anemia secondary to anticonvulsants. Am. J. Dis. Child.
1962;104:614-624.
Rosalki SB, Foo AY, Burlina A, Prellwitz W, Strieber P, Neumeier D, Klein G,
Poppe WA, Bodenmuller H. Multicentre evaluation of iso ALP test kit for
measurement of bone alkaline phosphatase ativity in serum and plasma. Clin.
Chem. 1993;39(4):648-652.
Ross D. Glutathione, free radicals and chemotherapeutic agents. Mechanism of
free radical induced toxicity and glutathione dependent protection. Pharmacol.
Ther. 1988;37(2):231-249.
Roy AK, Mahoney HC, Levine RA. Phenytoin-induced chronic hepatitis. Dig.
Dis. Sci. 1993;38(4):740-743.
Roy D, Snodgrass WR. Phenytoin metabolic activation: role of cytochrome P450,
glutathione, age, and sex in rats and mice. Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol.
Pharmacol. 1988;59(2):173-190.
Rubeaan AK, Ryan EA. Phenytoin-induced insulin insensitivity. Diabet. Med.
1991;8(10):968-970.
Saad EI, El-Gowilly SM, Sherhaa MO, Bistawroos AE. Role of oxidative stress
and nitric oxide in the protective effects of alpha-lipoic acid and aminoguanidine
against isoniazid rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Food Chem. Toxicol.
2010;48(7):1869-1875.
Sahyoun NR, Jacques PF, Russell RM. Carotenoids, Vitamins C and E, and
mortality in an elderly population. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1996;144(5):501-511.
Sallie R, Tredger JM, Willam R. Drugs and the Liver. Biopharm. Drug
Dispos.1991;12(4):251-259.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 332
Salonen RM, Nyyssonen K, Kaikkonen J, Porkkala-Sarataho E, Voutilainen S,
Rissanen TH, Tuomainen TP, Valkonen VP, Ristonmaa U, Lakka HM,
Vanharanta M, Salonen JT, Poulsen HE. Antioxidant supplementation in
atherosclerosis prevention study six-year effect of combined Vitamin C and E
supplementation on atherosclerotic progression: the Antioxidant Supplementation
in Atherosclerosis Prevention (ASAP) Study. Circulation. 2003;107(7):947-953.
Salzman MB, Smith EM. Phenytoin induced thrombocytopenia treated with
intravenous immune globulin. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 1998;20(2):152-153.
Sanchez-Moreno C, Paniagua M, Madrid A, Martin A. Protective effect of
Vitamin C against the ethanol mediated toxic effects on human brain glial cells. J.
Nutr. Biochem. 2003;14(10):606-613.
Sano M, Ernesto C, Thomas RG, Klauber MR, Schafer K, Grundman M,
Woodbury P, Growdon J, Cotman CW, Pfeiffer E, Schneider LS, Thal LJ. A
controlled trial of selegiline, alpha-tocopherol, or both as treatment for
Alzheimer's disease. The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study. N. Engl. J.
Med. 1997;336(17):1216-1222.
Santos NAG, Medina WSG, Martins NM, Carvalho Rodrigues MA, Curti C,
Santos AC. Involvement of oxidative stress in the hepatotoxicity induced by
aromatic antiepileptic drugs. Toxicol. In Vitro. 2008a;22:1820-1824.
Santos NAG, Medina WSG, Martins NM, Mingatto FE, Curti C, Santos AC.
Aromatic antiepileptic drugs and mitochondrial toxicity: effects on mitochondria
isolated from rat liver. Toxicol. In Vitro. 2008b;22(5):1143-1152.
Sargeant LA, Wareham NJ, Bingham Luben RN, Oakes S, Welch A, Khaw KT.
Vitamin C and hyperglycemia in the European prospective investigation into
cancer-Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) study. Diabetes Care. 2000;23(6):726-732.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 333
Satarug S, Haswell-Elkins MR, Tsuda M, Mairiang P, Sithithaworn P, Mairiang
E, Esumi H, Sukprasert S, Yongvanit P, Elkins DB. Thiocyanate-independent
nitrosation in humans with carcinogenic parasite infection. Carcinogenesis.
1996;17(5):1075-1081.
Satishchandra P, Gururaj G, Mohammed QD, Senanavake N, Silpakit O. Global
Campaign against Epilepsy: Out of shadows: New Delhi: World Health
Organization; Regional Office for South East Asia, 2001.
Sato N, Iwata S, Nakamura K, Hori T, Mori K, Yodoi J. Thiol-mediated redox
regulation of apoptosis. Possible roles of cellular thiols other than glutathione in T
cell apoptosis. J. Immunol. 1995;154(7):3194-3203.
Schaffer JE. Lipotoxicity: when tissues overeat. Curr. Opin. Lipidol.
2003;14(3):281-287.
Scheer B, Zimmer G. Dihydrolipoic acid prevents hypoxic/reoxygenation and
peroxidative damage in rat mitochondria. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
1993;302(2):385-390.
Schettler G, Nussel E. Enzymatic calorimetric determination of high density
lipoprotein cholesterol by CHOD-PAP method. Arab. Med. Soz. Med. Prov. Med.
1975;10:25.
Schmatz R, Mazzanti CM, Spanevello R, Stefanello N, Gutierres J, Correa M,
Rosa MM, Rubin MA, Schetinger MRC, Morsch VM. Resveratrol prevents
memory deficits and the increase in acetylcholinesterase activity in streptozotocin-
induced diabetic rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2009;610(1-3):42-48.
Schmidt D, Kupferberg HJ. Diphenylhydantoin, Phenobarbital and primidone in
saliva, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Epilepsia. 1975;16(5):735-741.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 334
Schoenberg MH, Birk D, Beger HG. Oxidative stress in acute and chronic
pancreatitis. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1995;62:1306S-1314S.
Scholich H, Murphy ME, Sies H. Antioxidant activity of dihydrolipoate against
microsomal lipid peroxidation and its dependence on alphatocopherol. Biochem.
Biophys. Acta. 1989;1001(3):256-261.
Sepulveda VAC, Lopez Aguilar E, Yanez Lopez P, Ramirez-Colorado R, Escobar
Padilla B, Madrazo De la Garza A. Sodium diphenylhydantoin as a probable cause
of pancreatitis. Rev. Gastroenterol. Mex. 1999;64(4):186-189.
Serbecic N, Beutelspacher SC. Anti-oxidative vitamins prevent lipid peroxidation
and apoptosis in corneal endothelial cells. Cell Tissue Res. 2005;320(3):465-475.
Sevgi E, Semsi A, Serpil B, Erol C. The effect of NAC on brain tissue of rats fed
with high cholesterol diet. Turk. J. Biochem. 2008;33(2):58-63.
Shahid M, Pillai KK, Vohora D. Reversal of phenytoin induced impairment of
spontaneous alternation by piracetam in mice: Involvement of cholinergic system.
Indian J. Pharmacol. 2004;36(1):20-24.
Shannon HE, Love PL. Effects of antiepileptic drugs on learning as assessed by a
repeated acquisition of response sequences task in rats. Epilepsy Behav.
2007;10(1):16-25.
Sharafuddin MJ, Spanheimer RG, McClune GL. Phenytoin induced
agranulocytosis: a nonimmunologic idiosyncratic reaction. Acta Haematol.
1991;86(4):212-213.
Sharma AC, Kulkarni SK. Evaluation of learning and memory mechanisms
employing elevated plus maze in rats and mice. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol.
Biol. Psychiatry. 1992;16:117-125.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 335
Sharma S, Dasroy SK. Gingival hyperplasia induced by phenytoin. N. Engl. J.
Med. 2000;342(5):325.
Shear NH, Spielberg SP. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome. In vitro
assessment of risk. J. Clin. Invest. 1988;82(6):1826-1832.
Shigeru T, Toru K, Kohji U, Shun H. Aplastic anaemia induced by intravenous
phenytoin and lidocaine administration. Eur. J. Pediatr. 1985;144(2):207-208.
Shih JCH. Atherosclerosis in Japanese quail and the effect of lipoic acid. Fed.
Proc. 1983;42(8):2494-2497.
Shiratori T. Uptake, storage and excretion of chylomicra-bound 3H-alpha-
tocopherol by the skin of the rat. Life Sci. 1974;14(5):929-935.
Shrivastava A, Sankari M, Chitra V. Reversal of phenytoin-induced impairment of
spontaneous alternation by pyritinol in mice: Involvement of cholinergic system.
Int. J. Pharm. Pharmaceutical Sci. 2010;2(1):47-51.
Siamak S, Alireza K, Minoo M, Nazanin A, Marzieh G. Ascorbic acid
supplementation could affect passive avoidance learning and memory in rat. Brain
Res. Bull. 2008;76(1-2):109-113.
Sigel H, Prijs B, McCormick DB, Shih JC. Stability and structure of binary and
ternary complexes of alpha-lipoate and lipoate derivatives with Mn2+, Cu2+, and
Zn2+ in solution. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1978;187(1):208-214.
Siman CM, Eriksson UJ. Vitamin E decreases the occurrence of malformations in
the offspring of diabetic rats. Diabetes. 1997;46(6):1054-1061.
Simom JA. Vitamin C and cardiovascular disease: a review. J. Am. Coll. Nutr.
1992;11(12):107-125.
Simon JA, Hudes ES. Relation of serum ascorbic acid to serum lipids and
lipoproteins in US adults. J.Am.Coll.Nutr. 1998;17(3):250-255.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 336
Singh U, Jialal I. Alpha-lipoic acid supplementation and diabetes. Nutr. Rev.
2008;66(11):646-657.
Skaper SD, Floreani M, Ceccon M, Facci L, Giusti P. Excitotoxicity, Oxidative
Stress, and the neuroprotective potential of melatonin. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
1999;890:107-118.
Smilkstein MJ, Knapp GL, Kulig KW, Rumack BH. Efficacy of oral N-
acetylcysteine in the treatment of acetaminophen overdose. Analysis of the
national multicenter study (1976 to 1985). N. Engl. J. Med. 1988; 319(24):1557-
1562.
Smit MJ, Anderson R. Inhibition of mitogen-activated proliferation of human
lymphocytes by hypochlorous acid in vitro: protection and reversal by ascorbate
and cysteine. Agents Actions. 1990;30(3-4):338-343.
Smith DB. Cognitive effects of antiepileptic Drugs. Adv. Neurol. 1991;55:197-
212.
Smith G. Animal models of Alzheimer's disease: experimental cholinergic
denervation. Brain Res. 1988;472(2):103-118.
Smythe MA, Umstead GS. Phenytoin hepatotoxicity: a review of the literature.
Ann. Pharmacother. 1989;23(1):13-18.
Sobaniec H, Sobaniec W, Sendrowski K, Sobaniec S, Pietruska M. Antioxidant
activity of blood serum and saliva in patients with periodontal disease treated due
to epilepsy. Adv. Med. Sci. 2007;52(1):204-206.
Sonkusare S, Srinivasan Y, Kaul C, Ramarao P. Effect of donepezil and
lercanidipine on memory impairment induced by intracerebroventricular
streptozotocin in rats. Life Sci. 2005;77(1):1-14.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 337
Soreq H, Seidman S. Acetylcholinesterase-new roles for an old actor. Nat. Rev.
Neurosci. 2001;2(4):294-302.
Sorrell TC, Forbes IJ. Depression of immune competence by phenytoin and
carbamazepine. Studies in vivo and in vitro. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 1975;20(2):273-
285.
Spector A, Huang RR, Yan GZ, Wang RR. Thioredoxin fragment 31-36 is
reduced by dihydrolipoamide and reduces oxidized protein. Biochem. Biophys.
Res. Commun. 1988;150(1):156-162.
Spielberg SP, Gordon GB, Blake DA, Goldstein DA, Herlong HF. Predisposition
to phenytoin hepatotoxicity assessed In Vitro. N. Engl. J. Med. 1981;305(13):722-
727.
Sridharan R, Murthy BN. Prevalence and pattern of epilepsy in India. Epilepsia.
1999;40(5):631-636.
Staal FJ, Roederer M, Israelski DM, Bubp J, Mole LA, McShane D, Deresinski S
C, Ross W, Jussman H, Raju PA. Intracellular glutathione levels in T cell subsets
decrease in HIV-infected individuals. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses.
1992;8(2):305-311.
Steiner M. Vitamin E: More than an antioxidant. Clin. Cardiol. 1993;16(4):I16-
I18.
Stoll S, Hartmann H, Cohen SA, Muller WE. The potent free radical scavenger
alpha-lipoic acid improves memory in aged mice: putative relationship to NMDA
receptor deficits. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1993;46(4):799-805.
Stoyanovsky DA, Goldman R, Darrow RM, Organisciak DT, Kagan VE.
Endogenous ascorbate regenerates Vitamin E in the retina directly and in
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 338
combination with exogenous dihydrolipoic acid. Curr. Eye Res. 1995;14(3):181-
189.
Strickler SM, Dansky LV, Miller MA, Seni MH, Andermann E, Spielberg SP.
Genetic predisposition to phenytoin induced birth defects. Lancet.
1985;2(8458):746-749.
Suarez-Pinzon WL, Strynadka K, Rabinovitch A. Destruction of rat pancreatic
islet beta-cells by cytokines involves the production of cytotoxic aldehydes.
Endocrinol. 1996;137(12):5290-5296.
Sudha S, Madepalli KL, Pradhan N. Chronic phenytoin induced impairment of
learning and memory with associated changes in brain acetylcholinesterase
activity and monoamine levels. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1995;52(1):119-124.
Sumathi R, Baskaran G, Varalakshmi P. Relationship between glutathione and DL
alpha-lipoic acid against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity. Jpn. J. Med. Sci. Biol.
1996;49(2):39-48.
Suna K, Gokce Uzun F, Durak D, Demir F, Kalender Y. Malathion-induced
hepatotoxicity in rats: The effects of vitamins C and E. Food Chem. Toxicol.
2010;48(2):633-638.
Sureka RK, Sureka R. Prevalence of epilepsy in rural Rajasthan-A door-to-door
survey. J. Assoc. Physicians of India. 2007;55:741-742.
Suthanthiran M, Anderson ME, Sharma VK, Meister A. Glutathione reglates
activation-dependent DNA synthesis in highly purified normal human T
lymphocytes stimulated via the CD2 and CD3 antigens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA. 1990;87(9):3343-3347.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 339
Suzukawa M, Ayaori M, Shige H, Hisada T, Ishikawa T, Nakamura H. Effect of
supplementation with vitamin E on LDL oxidizability and prevention of
atherosclerosis. Biofactors. 1998;7(1-2):51-54.
Swinny JD, Vanderwant JJL, Gramsbergen A. Cerebellar Development and
Plasticity: Perspectives for Motor Coordination Strategies, for Motor Skills, and
for Therapy. Neural. Plast. 2005;12(2-3):153-160.
Takeda H, Tsuji M, Matsumiya T. Changes in head-dipping behaviour in thehole-
board test reflect the anxiogenic and/ or anxiolytic state in mice. Eur. J.
Pharmacol. 1998;350(1):21-29.
Tanaka M, Muto N, Gohda E, Yamamoto I. Enhancement by ascorbic acid 2-
glucoside or repeated additions of ascorbate of mitogeninduced IgM and IgG
productions by human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Jpn. J. Pharmacol.
1994;66(4):451-456.
Tankova T, Koev D, Dakovska L. Alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of autonomic
diabetic neuropathy. Rom. J. Intern. Med. 2004;42(2):457-464.
Tannenbaum SR, Wishnok JS. Inhibition of nitrosamine formation by ascorbic
acid. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1987;498:354-363.
Tayal V, Kalra BS, Agarwal S, Khurana N, Gupta U. Hepatoprotective effect of
tocopherol against isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in albino
rabbits. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 2007;45(12):1031-1036.
Thaakur S, Sangeetha L. Influence of chronic treatment of α-lipoic acid on the
oxidative stress induced by obesity and diabetes mellitus in albino rat.
Pharmacologyonline. 2008;2:493-516.
Thaakur S, Deepti B, Himabindu NS, Sunanda. Effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine on
wound healing. Pharmacologyonline. 2009;1:369-376.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 340
Thaakur S, Himabindu G. Effect of alpha lipoic acid on the tardive dyskinesia and
oxidative stress induced by haloperidol in rats. J. Neural. Transm.
2009;116(7):807-814.
Thaakur S, Pushpa KB. Influence of spirulina on phenytoin induced selected
behavioural abnormalities and regional brain lipid peroxidation in rats.
International Journal of Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration. 2008a;4(3):263-
272.
Thaakur S, Pushpa KB. Influence of spirulina on phenytoin induced
haematological changes. Ancient Science of Life. 2007;26(3):9-15.
Thaakur S, Puspha KB. Effect of spirulina on carbamazepine induced
haematological changes in rats. Asian J. Microbiol. Biotech. Env. Sci.
2008b;10(3):552-556.
Thakral A, Shenoy R, Deleu D. Acute visual dysfunction following phenytoin-
induced toxicity. Acta neurol. Belg. 2003;103(4):218-220.
Thomas MJ. Physiological aspects of low density lipoprotein oxidation. Curr.
Opin. Lipidol. 2000;11(3):297-301.
Thome GR, Spanevello RM, Mazzanti A, Fiorenza AM, Duarte MM, da Luz SC,
Pereira ME, Morsch VM, Schetinger MR, Mazzanti CM. Vitamin E decreased the
activity of acetylcholinesterase and level of lipid peroxidation in brain of rats
exposed to aged and diluted sidestream smoke. Nicotine Tob. Res.
2011;13(12):1210-1219.
Thompson DM. Repeated acquisition as a behavioral base line for studying drug
effects. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1973;184(2):506-514.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 341
Ting HH, Timimi FK, Boles KS, Creager SHJ, Gans P, Creager MA. Vitamin C
improves endothelium dependent vasodilation in patients with non-insulin
dependent diabetes mellitus. J. Clin. Invest. 1996;97(1):22-28.
Tirouvanziam R, Conrad CK, Bottiglieri T, Herzenberg LA, Moss RB,
Herzenberg LA. High-dose oral N-acetylcysteine, a glutathione prodrug,
modulates inflammation in cystic fibrosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
2006;103(12):4628-4633.
Tiwari V, Kuhad A, Bishnoi M, Chopra K. Chronic treatment with tocotrienol, an
isoform of vitamin E, prevents intracerebroventricular streptozotocin induced
cognitive impairment and oxidative nitrosative stress in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem.
Behav. 2009;93(2):183-189.
Tolbert LC, Morris PE, Spollen JJ, Ashe SC. Streospecific effect of ascorbic acid
and analogues of D1 and D2 agonist binding. Life Sci. 1992;51(12):921-930.
Toledano A, Bentura ML. Pyritinol facilitates the recovery of cortical cholinergic
deficits caused by nucleus basalis lesions. J. Neural. Transm. Park. Dis. Dement.
Sect. 1994;7(3):195-209.
Toohey L, Harris MA, Allen KG, Melgy CL. Plasma ascorbic acid concentrations
are related to cardiovascular risk factors in African-Americans. J. Nutr. 1996;
126(1):121-128.
Torres M, Marquez M, Sutil R, Carrizales M, Leal M, Reigosa A. A study about
the effect of Vitamin E on hyperlipidemia and atherosclerotic lesions in New
Zealand white rabbits fed with a 1% cholesterol rich diet. Invest. Clin.
2003;44(2):119-127.
Tousoulis D, Antoniades C, Tountas C, Bosinkou E, Kotsopoulou M, Toutouzas
P, Stefanadis C. Vitamin C affects thrombosis/fibrinolysis system and reactive
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 342
hyperemia patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery diseases. Diabetes
Care. 2003;26(10):2749-2753.
Tozer TN, Winter ME. Phenytoin. In: Evans WE, Schentag JJ, Juskco WJ, editors.
Applied Pharmacokinetics. San Francisco: Applied Therapeutics Inc; 1980. P.
279-314.
Traber MG, Burton GW, Ingold KU, Kayden HJ. RRR- and SRR-α-tocopherols
are secreted without discrimination in Human chylomicrons, but RRR-α-
tocopherol is preferentially secreted in very low density lipoproteins. J. Lip. Res.
1990;31(4):675-685.
Traber MG, Kayden HJ. Preferential incorporation of α-tocopherol vs gamma-
tocopherol in Human lipoproteins. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1989;49(3):517-526.
Traber MG. Does vitamin E decrease heart attack risk? Summary and implications
with respect to dietary recommendations. J. Nutr. 2001;131(2):395S-397S.
Traber MG. Regulation of Human plasma vitamin E. In: Sies H, editor.
Antioxidants in disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. San Diego:
Academic Press; 1996. P. 49-63.
Traber MG. Utilization of vitamin E. Biofactors. 1999;10(2-3):115-120.
Traber MG. Vitamin E. In: Shils ME, Shike M, Ross AC, Caballero B, Cousins
RJ, editors. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. Philadelphia: Lippincott
Williams and Wilkiins; 2006. P. 396-411.
Trinder P. Determination of glucose in blood using glucose oxidase with an
alternative oxygen acceptor. Ann Clin. Biochem. 1969;6:24-27.
Tsan MF, Mehlman DJ, Green RS, Bell WR. Dilantin: Agranulocytosis and
phagocytic marrow histocytes. Ann. Intern. Med. 1976;84(6):710-711.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 343
Tsao CS. An overview of ascorbic acid chemistry and biochemistry. In: Packer L,
Fuchs J, editors. Vitamin C in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc;
1997. P. 25-58.
Tsoureli-Nikita E, Hercogova J, Lotti T, Menchini G. Evaluation of dietary intake
of vitamin E in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a study of the clinical course
and evaluation of the immunoglobulin E serum levels. Int. J. Dermatol.
2002;41(3):146-150.
Turley SD, West CE, Horton BJ. Role of ascorbic acid in the regulation of
cholesterol metabolism and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis.
1976;24(1-2):1-18.
Uboha FE, Ebonga PE, Umoha IB. Comparative hepatoprotective effect of
Vitamins A and E against gasoline vapor toxicity in male and female rats.
Gastroenterology Res. 2009;2(5):295-302.
Upston JM, Terentis AC, Stocker R. Tocopherol-mediated peroxidation of
lipoproteins: implications for vitamin E as a potential antiatherogenic supplement.
FASEB J. 1999;13(9):977-994.
Valdecantos MP, Perez-Matute P, Quintero P, Martínez JA. Vitamin C,
resveratrol and lipoic acid actions on isolated rat liver mitochondria: all
antioxidants but different. Redox Rep. 2010;15(5):207-216.
Van Haaften RI, Haenen GR, Evelo CT, Bast A. Effect of Vitamin E on
glutathione dependent enzymes. Drug Metab. Rev. 2003;35(2-3):215-253.
Varkey K, Raman PT, Bhaktaviziam A, Taori GM. Osteomalacia due to
phenytoin sodium: A case report with review of literature. J. Neurol. Sci.
1973;19(3):287-295.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 344
Vatassery GT, Bauer T, Dysken M. High doses of Vitamin E in the treatment of
disorders of the central nervous system in the aged. Am. J. Clin. Nut.
1999;70(5):793-801.
Verma R, Mehta A, Srivastava N. In vivo chlorpyrifos induced oxidative stress:
attenuation by antioxidant vitamins. Pesticide Biochem. Physiol. 2007;88(2):191-
196.
Vermeulen J, Aldenkamp AP. Cognitive side-effects of chronic anti-epileptic drug
treatment: a review of 25 years of research. Epilepsy Res. 1995;22(2):65-95.
Vittorio CC, Muglia JJ. Anticonvulsant Hypersensitivity Syndrome. Arch. Intern.
Med. 1995;155(21):2285-2290.
Vogel RA. Cholesterol lowering and endothelial function. Am. J. Med.
1999;107(5):479-487.
Vohora D, Pal SN, Pillai KK. Protection from phenytoin-induced cognitive deficit
by Bacopa monniera, a reputed Indian nootropic plant. J. Ethnopharmacol.
2000;71(3):383-390.
Vohra K, Khan AJ, Telang V, Rosenfeld W, Evans HE. Improvement of
neutrophil migration by systemic vitamin C in neonates. J. Perinatol.
1990;10(2):134-136.
Wadleigh RG, Redman RS, Graham ML, Krasnow SH, Anderson A, Cohen MH.
Vitamin E in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Am. J. Med.
1992;92(5):481-484.
Walia KS, Khan EA, Ko DH, Raza SS, Khan YN. Side effects of antiepileptics - a
review. Pain Pract. 2004;4(3):194-203.
Walker M. Status epilepticus: an evidence based guide. BMJ. 2005;331(7518):673
-677.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 345
Wang PH, Yang MJ, Lee WL, Chao HT, Yang ML, Hung JH. Acetaminophen
poisoning in late pregnancy. A case report. J. Reprod. Med. 1997;42(6):367-371.
Weber P, Bendich A, Schalch W. Vitamin C and human health-a review of recent
data relevant to human requirements. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 1996;66(1):19-30.
Wells BG, Dipiro J, Terry S, Hamilton C. Epilepsy. In: Wells BG, Dipiro J, Terry
S, Hamilton C, editors. Neurologic Disorders, Pharmacotherapy Handbook, 6th ed.
USA: Mc Graw-Hill; 2006. P. 516.
Wells WW, Dou CZ, Dyas LN, Jung CH, Kalbach HL, Xu DP. Ascorbic acid is
essential for the release of insulin from scorbutic guinea pig pancreatic islets.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A. 1995;92(25):11869-11873.
Wells WW, Jung C. Regeneration of vitamin C. In: Packer L, Fuchs J, editors.
Vitamin C in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc; 1997. P. 109-
121.
Wiklund O, Fager G, Andersson A, Lundstam U, Masson P, Hultberg B. N-
acetylcysteine treatment lowers plasma homocysteine but not serum lipoprotein(a)
levels. Atherosclerosis. 1996;119(1):99-106.
Wilder BJ, Serrano EE, Ramsey RE. Plasma diphenylhydantoin levels after
loading and maintenance doses. Clin. Pharcol. Ther. 1973;14(5):797-801.
Wilder BJ. Phenytoin: clinical use. In: Levy RH, Mattson RH, Meldrum BS
editors. Antiepileptic drugs. New York: Raven Press; 1995. P. 339-344.
Winn LM, Kim PM, Nickoloff JA. Oxidative stress-induced homologous
recombination as a novel mechanism for phenytoin-initiated Toxicity. J.
Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2003;306(2):523-527.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 346
Winn LM, Wells PG. Maternal administration of superoxide dismutase and
catalase in phenytoin teratogenicity. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1999;26(3-4):266-
274.
Winn LM, Wells PG. Phenytoin-initiated DNA oxidation in murine embryo
culture and embryo protection by the antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase
and catalase: evidence for reactive oxygen species-mediated DNA oxidation in the
molecular mechanism of phenytoin teratogenicity. Mol. Pharmacol.
1995;48(1):112-120.
Winniford MD, Kennedy PL, Wells PJ, Hillis LD. Potentiation of nitroglycerin-
induced coronary dilatation by N-acetylcysteine. Circulation. 1986;73(1):138-142.
Woodall AA, Ames BN. Diet and oxidative damage to DNA: the importance of
ascorbate as an antioxidant. In: Packer L, Fuchs J, editors. Vitamin C in health and
disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc; 1997. P. 193-203.
Woodhouse PR, Meade TW, Khaw KT. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, the
acute phase response and vitamin C. Atherosclerosis. 1997;133(1):71-76.
Woodward M, Lowe GD, Rumley A, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Philippou H, Lane DA,
Morrison CE. Epidemiology of coagulation factors, inhibitors and activation
markers: the third Glasco MONICA survey. Br. J. Haematol. 1997;97(4):785-797.
World Health Organization. Traditional Medicine Strategy 2002-2005, World
Health Organization, Geneva. 2002.
Wright E, Scism-Bacon JL, Glass LC. Oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes: the role
of fasting and postprandial glycaemia. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2006;60(3):308-314.
Wu J, Levy M, Black PH. 2-Mercaptoethanol and n-acetylcysteine enhance T cell
colony formation in AIDS and ARC. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 1989;77:7-10.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 347
Yamamoto H, Watanabe T, Mizuno H, Endo K, Fukushige J, Hosokawa T,
Kazusaka A, Fujita S. The antioxidant effect of DL-alpha-lipoic acid on copper-
induced acute hepatitis in Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats. Free Radic. Res.
2001;34(1):69-80.
Yamashina T, Takeuchi H, Kawanishi J, Akiyama S, Niitsu Y, Kamata T. A case
of drug induced pancreatitis with erythrodermia due to administration of
phenytoin. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi. 1991;88(5):1269-1274.
Yang R, Le G, Li A, Zheng J, Shi Y. Effect of antioxidant capacity on blood lipid
metabolism and lipoprotein lipase activity of rats fed a high fat diet. Nutrition.
2006;22(11-22):1185-1191.
Yenjerla M, Periyasamy TS, Varatharajan S, Palaninathan V. Protective effect of
DL-α-lipoic acid on cyclophosphamide induced hyperlipidemic cardiomyopathy.
Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2006;543(1-3):92-96.
Yi X, Maeda N. Alpha-Lipoic acid prevents the increase in atherosclerosis
induced by diabetes in apolipoprotein E deficient mice fed high-fat/low
cholesterol diet. Diabetes. 2006;55(8):2238-2244.
You H, Yu W, Munoz-Medellin D, Brown PH, Sanders BG, Kline K. Role of
extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway in RRR-alpha-tocopheryl succinate-
induced differentiation of human MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells. Mol.
Carcinog. 2002;33(4):228-236.
Yu W, Sanders BG, Kline K. RRR-alpha-tocopheryl succinate induced apoptosis
of human breast cancer cells involves Bax translocation to mitochondria. Cancer
Res. 2003;63(10):2483-2491.
Zaccara G, Franciotta D, Perucca E. Idiosyncratic adverse reactions to
antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia. 2007;48(7):1223-1244.
Bibliography
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SPMVV, Tirupati 348
Zeitlhofer J, Doppelbauer A, Tribl G, Leitha T, Deecke L. Changes of serum lipid
patterns during long-term anticonvulsive treatment. Clin. Investig.
1993;71(7):574-578.
Ziaei S, Faghihzadeh S, Sohrabvand F, Lamyian M, Emamgholy T. A randomised
placebo-controlled trial to determine the effect of Vitamin E in treatment of
primary dysmenorrhoea. BJOG. 2001;108(11):1181-1183.
Ziaei S, Kazemnejad A, Sedighi A. The effect of vitamin E on the treatment of
menstrual migraine. Med. Sci. Monit. 2009;15(1):CR16-CR19.
Ziaei S, Kazemnejad A, Zareai M. The effect of vitamin E on hot flashes in
menopausal women. Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. 2007;64(4):204-207.
Ziegler D, Hanefeld M, Ruhnau KJ, Meissner HP, Lobisch M, Schütte K, Gries F
A. Treatment of symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy with the antioxidant
alpha-lipoic acid: a 3-week multicentre randomized controlled trial. Diabetologia.
1995;38(12):1425-1433.
Ziegler D. Thioctic acid for patients with symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy: a
critical review. Treat. Endocrinol. 2004;3(3):173-189.
Zimet I. Acetylcysteine: A drug that is much more than a mucokinetic. Biomed.
Pharmacother. 1988;42(8):513-519.