GNS3 Lab: Troubleshoot and Resolve Routing IssuesBGPIn previous articles, we have learned how to face OSPF and EIGRP routing issues. If you havent already, please check out my previous articles. It is a very challenging and responsible task to maintain Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) properly because we have to deal with external routing; if any breakdown occurs it should be resolved quickly.

Lets have a quick look at functionalities and properties of BGP.BGP is an Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) used for routing between autonomous systems. TCP port 179 is used to establish session and BGP neighbors are not discovered; rather, they must be configured manually so we have to configure unicast routing using neighbor command on both sides.We can use BGP in the following conditions: Customer connected to multiple Internet service providers (ISPs). Service provider networks (transit autonomous system). In very large enterprise networks, where we can use BGP at core layer as a redundant routing protocol.Common Neighbor Stability Problems of BGP: Misconfigured neighbors IP address and AS number. Reachability issues when interfaces other than directly connected interfaces are used while peering (update-source issue). Authentication must be properly implemented (if configured). Router ID must be unique.BGP often stuck in idle or active state; some common issues are described below.For the IDLE state, common issues are: TCP port 179 is not open. Misconfigured Peer address under BGP. Misconfigured AS number under BGP (remote-as). BGP misconfiguration for peers.For the ACTIVE state, common issues are: TCP connection is initiated and it is in ACTIVE state; Retry to establish TCP session. Peer address configured is not directly connected interface (Missing update-source command). Network congestion, so TCP is unable to establish session. Interface flapping.To resolve most common BGP routing issues I have designed a GNS3 Lab which is posted here for your hands-on practice so that you can start the implementation or trouble-shooting as per the described objective. You will also find a solution file so that you can tally your configuration. ScenarioIn this GNS3 lab (as shown in Fig. 1), you will begin with preloaded configuration scripts on each of the routers. These scripts contain errors that will prevent end-to-end communication across the network, especially between Router LA and NY. This means you have to establish communication from 10.1.1.1 to 10.2.2.2. To achieve this task, you will need to troubleshoot each router to determine the configuration errors, and then use the appropriate commands to correct the configurations. When you have corrected all of the configuration errors, loopback on the router LA should be able to communicate with the loopback address of router NY, i.e., 10.2.2.2, so at the end you should get a ping reply, as shown below:LA# ping 10.2.2.2 source 10.1.1.1

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:Packet sent with a source address of 10.1.1.1!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 88/126/168 msLearning Objectives of Working with GNS3 File:Upon completion of this lab, you will be able to troubleshoot and resolve: Next hop unchanged issue with BGP (for iBGP peers) BGP split-horizon issues BGP authentication issues BGP neighborship stability issues Router ID issue with BGPYou can also: Gather information about the misconfigured portion of the network. Analyze information to determine why communication is not possible. Implement solutions to resolve network errors.Download the GNS3 file and turn on all the devices. First we will check BGP peering using sh ip bgp summary on routers LA, WDC1, WDC2, WDC3, WDC4, WDC5 and NY. You will see that neighborship between WDC1WDC4 (1.1.1.1 to 4.4.4.4) is in active state, as shown in Fig. 2.

But if you check the running configuration on routers WDC1 and WDC4, you will see that update-source command is missing from BGP configuration, as shown below:!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 10 neighbor 11.1.1.1 remote-as 20 no auto-summary!So configure the update-source for respective neighbors using this command:WDC1(config)#router bgp 10WDC1(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 update-source loopback 1

WDC4(config)#router bgp 10WDC4(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 update-source loopback 1After configuring the above commands, your neighborship will comes up.But on router WDC4, you will see the log messages of BAD Authentication for BGP neighbor 56.1.1.1, as shown below:*Mar 1 00:04:49.731: %TCP-6-BADAUTH: No MD5 digest from 56.1.1.2(179) to 56.1.1.1(14121)*Mar 1 00:04:49.871: %TCP-6-BADAUTH: No MD5 digest from 56.1.1.2(179) to 56.1.1.1(14121)If you check the authentication parameters on both routers using show run | section bgp, you will find that router WDC4 is configured with password CISC0 instead of CISCO (which is configured on neighbor router NY).Now you have all the BGP neighborships, as described in scenario, so you have won half of war with BGP. Now its time to check routing database and network reachability between BGP peers.If you check the BGP database on routers WDC1 and WDC5, you will get 10.1.1.1 on WDC1 and 10.2.2.2 on WDC5 as best path but on router WDC4 you will find that you are getting both 10.1.1.1 and 10.2.2.2 but not best, as shown in Fig.3 . Why are both routes not best? You can find the answer with next hop; if you closely look at the next hops, 11.1.1.1 and 56.1.1.2, both are eBGP routes and we have not advertised 11.1.1.0 or 56.1.1.0 anywhere in BGP. Thats why both next hops are unreachable from WDC4, so the solution is to advertise 11.1.1.0 on WDC1 under BGP and 56.1.1.0 on WDC5 but this is not feasible solution to advertise eBGP networks.A better and more feasible solution is to use Next-hop-self and you know very well when to use this command; if not, then the next line is for you.To inject networks learned from eBGP peer to iBGP peerThe next hop command is only for iBGP peers; now you can go to routers WDC1 and WDC5 to configure next-hop-self under BGP for router WDC4, as shown below: WDC1(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 next-hop-self WDC5(config-router)#neighbor 45.1.1.1 next-hop-selfNow if you check the BGP database on router WDC4 , you will get the result shown in Fig. 4.

Both networks are best, but you will not get 10.2.2.2 on router WDC1 and 10.1.1.1 on router WDC5 because of the BGP split-horizon rule, which says Routes learned from iBGP peer will not be forwarded to other iBGP peer. Feasible solutions of BGP split-horizon are: * Route-reflector * Confederation (sub-AS method)The confederation method is not as popular as a solution of BGP split-horizon just because of its complex implementation and lack of flexibility for technology updating, whereas route reflector is a far better and more widely used solution for BGP split-horizon.Route reflector is deployed over centralized routers in iBGP; as per our topology, WDC4 is a centralized router, so WDC4 will be configured as route reflector and WDC1-WDC5 will be router reflector clients so that WDC4 can exchange routing information with WDC1 and WDC2. You can use following commands to implement route reflector:WDC4(config)#router bgp 10WDC4(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 route-reflector-clientWDC4(config-router)#neighbor 45.1.1.2 route-reflector-clientInstantly you will get following log messages,*Mar 1 01:19:59.099: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 1.1.1.1 Down RR client config change*Mar 1 01:20:01.347: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 1.1.1.1 Up*Mar 1 01:20:20.651: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 45.1.1.2 Down RR client config change*Mar 1 01:20:22.931: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 45.1.1.2 UpNow you can see the 10.2.2.2 in LAs BGP routing table as shown in Fig. 5. Now you have end to end reachability between AS 20 & AS 30 and you can check the reachability using ping from router LA loopback to router NYs loopback as shown in Fig. 6 Some Important Tips to Trouble-Shoot and Resolve BGP Issues: Router-ID must be unique to establish BGP peering. If certain BGP routes are missing from the routing table, then check if they exist in the BGP table:if yes : next hop reachability issueif not : non-availability of valid route in BGPSplit-Horizon issue or Synchronization rule issue If certain routes are missing from the BGP and routing table, then check the neighborship, using show ip bgp summary, or you can check for route filtering (ACLs, route-maps, etc.). iBGP learned route is not advertised to other iBGP peers, so configuring a route reflector might be necessary. Similarly, routes advertised by issuing a network command in BGP must be advertised with proper subnet mask.Useful Commands to Monitor and Troubleshoot BGP: show ip bgp summaryTo check BGP neighbors with their respective states show ip bgpTo check BGP routing database show ip bgp neighbor [ip-address]To check specific neighbors information show ip bgp [particular route]To check detailed information about specific route debug ip bgp eventsDisplays significant BGP events debug ip bgp keepalivesDisplays BGP keepalive packets debug ip bgp updatesDisplays all incoming or outgoing BGP updatesI have also posted a solution file for BGP GNS3 lab so that you can tally your solutions with that file.All of us know very well that it is not possible to describe BGP issues in a single article, but I have tried to discuss most common BGP problems with their solutions. I hope that now you can deal with BGP issues and resolve them quickly and thanks all for appreciating my previous articles. If you like this article, then say thanks to intenseschool.com @ comment section for providing you with such technologies. Your feedback is also welcome.References1. Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert by Wendell Odom and others, Ciscopress.com2. Routing TCP/IP Vol. 2 by Jeff Doyle3. CCNP Route Quick Reference by Denis Donohou, Ciscopress.com4. Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert Quick Reference by Brad Ellis, Ciscopress.com

BGP - Tshoot File/.DS_Store

__MACOSX/BGP - Tshoot File/._.DS_Store

BGP - Tshoot File/BGP-Tshoot.netautostart = Falseversion = 0.8.3[127.0.0.1:7202] workingdir = C:\Users\Scorpio\AppData\Local\Temp udp = 10200 [[3725]] image = D:\Gurgaon\GNS3\C3725-AD.BIN ram = 256 idlepc = 0x60bf8ba0 sparsemem = True ghostios = True [[ROUTER WDC5]] model = 3725 console = 2005 aux = 2505 cnfg = configs\WDC5.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T wic0/1 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC4 s0/2 s0/1 = NY s0/0 x = 23.0 y = -92.0 z = 1.0 hx = 13.0 hy = 38.0 [[ROUTER NY]] model = 3725 console = 2006 aux = 2506 cnfg = configs\NY.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC5 s0/1 x = 96.0 y = -246.0 z = 1.0 hx = 65.5 hy = 11.0[127.0.0.1:7203] workingdir = C:\Users\Scorpio\AppData\Local\Temp udp = 10300 [[3725]] image = D:\Gurgaon\GNS3\C3725-AD.BIN ram = 256 idlepc = 0x60bf8ba0 sparsemem = True ghostios = True [[ROUTER LA]] model = 3725 console = 2007 aux = 2507 cnfg = configs\LA.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC1 s0/2 x = -609.0 y = -82.0 z = 1.0[127.0.0.1:7200] workingdir = C:\Users\Scorpio\AppData\Local\Temp udp = 10000 [[3725]] image = D:\Gurgaon\GNS3\C3725-AD.BIN ram = 256 idlepc = 0x60bf8ba0 sparsemem = True ghostios = True [[ROUTER WDC1]] model = 3725 console = 2001 aux = 2501 cnfg = configs\WDC1.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T wic0/1 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC2 s0/0 s0/1 = WDC3 s0/0 s0/2 = LA s0/0 x = -433.0 y = -89.0 z = 1.0 hx = 15.0 hy = 40.0 [[ROUTER WDC2]] model = 3725 console = 2002 aux = 2502 cnfg = configs\WDC2.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC1 s0/0 s0/1 = WDC4 s0/0 x = -288.0 y = -174.0 z = 1.0[127.0.0.1:7201] workingdir = C:\Users\Scorpio\AppData\Local\Temp udp = 10100 [[3725]] image = D:\Gurgaon\GNS3\C3725-AD.BIN ram = 256 idlepc = 0x60bf8ba0 sparsemem = True ghostios = True [[ROUTER WDC4]] model = 3725 console = 2004 aux = 2504 cnfg = configs\WDC4.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T wic0/1 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC2 s0/1 s0/1 = WDC3 s0/1 s0/2 = WDC5 s0/0 x = -127.0 y = -87.0 z = 1.0 hx = 11.0 hy = -19.0 [[ROUTER WDC3]] model = 3725 console = 2003 aux = 2503 cnfg = configs\WDC3.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC1 s0/1 s0/1 = WDC4 s0/1 x = -281.0 y = -4.0 z = 1.0 hx = 12.0 hy = 36.0[GNS3-DATA] configs = configs workdir = working [[NOTE 1]] text = "24.1.1.0/30" x = -187.0 y = -155.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,9,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" rotate = 28 color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 2]] text = "BGP Neighbor-ship Between\n\n EBGP : LA - WDC1 & WDC5 - NY with MD5 Authentication\n IBGP :WDC1-2, WDC1-3, WDC2-4, WDC3-4 \n WDC1- WDC4 (Loopback to Loopback)\n " x = -623.0 y = -297.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,11,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#590044" [[NOTE 3]] text = "BGP AS 20" x = -594.0 y = -149.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,12,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#00007f" [[NOTE 4]] text = "Loopback 1 : 10.1.1.1/32" x = -630.0 y = -11.0 [[NOTE 5]] text = "BGP AS 30" x = 66.0 y = -307.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,12,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#00007f" [[NOTE 6]] text = "Loopback 1 : 10.2.2.2/32" x = 27.0 y = -279.0 [[NOTE 7]] text = "BGP AS 10" x = -132.0 y = -178.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,12,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#00007f" [[NOTE 8]] text = "IGP - OSPF 1 \n Area 0" x = -307.0 y = -89.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,12,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#003e00" [[NOTE 9]] text = "Loopback 1\n1.1.1.1/32" x = -453.0 y = -124.0 [[NOTE 10]] text = "Loopback 1\n4.4.4.4/32" x = -111.0 y = -48.0 [[NOTE 11]] text = "45.1.1.0/30" x = -61.0 y = -100.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,9,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 12]] text = "12.1.1.0/30" x = -375.0 y = -121.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,9,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" rotate = -30 color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 13]] text = "13.1.1.0/30" x = -375.0 y = -38.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,9,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" rotate = 28 color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 14]] text = "11.1.1.0/30" x = -526.0 y = -97.0 color = "#860000" [[NOTE 15]] text = "56.1.1.0/30" x = 90.0 y = -106.0 rotate = -73 color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 16]] text = "BGP MD5" x = 110.0 y = -110.0 rotate = -72 [[NOTE 17]] text = "34.1.1.0/30" x = -203.0 y = 7.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,9,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" rotate = -30 color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 18]] text = "BGP MD5" x = -532.0 y = -55.0 [[SHAPE 1]] type = ellipse x = -466.0 y = -207.0 width = 560.0 height = 263.0 fill_color = "#b1ff87" border_style = 2 z = -1.0 [[SHAPE 2]] type = rectangle x = -622.0 y = -113.0 width = 154.0 height = 100.0 fill_color = "#f3c2ff" border_style = 3 z = -1.0 [[SHAPE 3]] type = rectangle x = 21.0 y = -279.0 width = 200.0 height = 100.0 fill_color = "#a9ddff" border_style = 3 z = -2.0

BGP - Tshoot File/configs/LA.cfg!

!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname LA!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface Loopback1 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!router bgp 20 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes network 10.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor 11.1.1.2 remote-as 10 neighbor 11.1.1.2 password CISCO no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot File/configs/NY.cfg!

!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname NY!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface Loopback1 ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.255!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 56.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!router bgp 30 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes network 10.2.2.2 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor 56.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 56.1.1.1 password CISCO no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot File/configs/WDC1.cfg!

!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname WDC1!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface Loopback1 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/2 ip address 11.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/3 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 12.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 13.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 10 neighbor 11.1.1.1 remote-as 20 neighbor 11.1.1.1 password CISCO neighbor 12.1.1.2 remote-as 10 neighbor 13.1.1.2 remote-as 10 no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot File/configs/WDC2.cfg!

!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname WDC2!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 ip address 24.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 12.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 24.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 12.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 24.1.1.2 remote-as 10 no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0line aux 0line vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot File/configs/WDC3.cfg!

!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname WDC3!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 13.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 ip address 34.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 13.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 34.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 13.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 34.1.1.2 remote-as 10 no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot File/configs/WDC4.cfg!

!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname WDC4!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface Loopback1 ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 24.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 ip address 34.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/2 ip address 45.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/3 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 24.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 34.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 45.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 24.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 34.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 45.1.1.2 remote-as 10 no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot File/configs/WDC5.cfg!

!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname WDC5!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface Loopback1 no ip address!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 45.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 ip address 56.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/2 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/3 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 45.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 45.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 56.1.1.2 remote-as 30 neighbor 56.1.1.2 password CISC0 no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot-Solution File/.DS_Store

__MACOSX/BGP - Tshoot-Solution File/._.DS_Store

BGP - Tshoot-Solution File/BGP-Tshoot.netautostart = Falseversion = 0.8.3[127.0.0.1:7202] workingdir = C:\Users\Scorpio\AppData\Local\Temp udp = 10200 [[3725]] image = D:\Gurgaon\GNS3\C3725-AD.BIN ram = 256 idlepc = 0x60bf8ba0 sparsemem = True ghostios = True [[ROUTER WDC5]] model = 3725 console = 2005 aux = 2505 cnfg = configs\WDC5.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T wic0/1 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC4 s0/2 s0/1 = NY s0/0 x = 23.0 y = -92.0 z = 1.0 hx = 13.0 hy = 38.0 [[ROUTER NY]] model = 3725 console = 2006 aux = 2506 cnfg = configs\NY.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC5 s0/1 x = 96.0 y = -246.0 z = 1.0 hx = 65.5 hy = 11.0[127.0.0.1:7203] workingdir = C:\Users\Scorpio\AppData\Local\Temp udp = 10300 [[3725]] image = D:\Gurgaon\GNS3\C3725-AD.BIN ram = 256 idlepc = 0x60bf8ba0 sparsemem = True ghostios = True [[ROUTER LA]] model = 3725 console = 2007 aux = 2507 cnfg = configs\LA.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC1 s0/2 x = -609.0 y = -82.0 z = 1.0[127.0.0.1:7200] workingdir = C:\Users\Scorpio\AppData\Local\Temp udp = 10000 [[3725]] image = D:\Gurgaon\GNS3\C3725-AD.BIN ram = 256 idlepc = 0x60bf8ba0 sparsemem = True ghostios = True [[ROUTER WDC1]] model = 3725 console = 2001 aux = 2501 cnfg = configs\WDC1.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T wic0/1 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC2 s0/0 s0/1 = WDC3 s0/0 s0/2 = LA s0/0 x = -433.0 y = -89.0 z = 1.0 hx = 15.0 hy = 40.0 [[ROUTER WDC2]] model = 3725 console = 2002 aux = 2502 cnfg = configs\WDC2.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC1 s0/0 s0/1 = WDC4 s0/0 x = -288.0 y = -174.0 z = 1.0[127.0.0.1:7201] workingdir = C:\Users\Scorpio\AppData\Local\Temp udp = 10100 [[3725]] image = D:\Gurgaon\GNS3\C3725-AD.BIN ram = 256 idlepc = 0x60bf8ba0 sparsemem = True ghostios = True [[ROUTER WDC4]] model = 3725 console = 2004 aux = 2504 cnfg = configs\WDC4.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T wic0/1 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC2 s0/1 s0/1 = WDC3 s0/1 s0/2 = WDC5 s0/0 x = -127.0 y = -87.0 z = 1.0 hx = 11.0 hy = -19.0 [[ROUTER WDC3]] model = 3725 console = 2003 aux = 2503 cnfg = configs\WDC3.cfg wic0/0 = WIC-2T s0/0 = WDC1 s0/1 s0/1 = WDC4 s0/1 x = -281.0 y = -4.0 z = 1.0 hx = 12.0 hy = 36.0[GNS3-DATA] configs = configs workdir = working [[NOTE 1]] text = "BGP MD5" x = 117.0 y = -114.0 rotate = -72 [[NOTE 2]] text = "BGP MD5" x = -531.0 y = -55.0 [[NOTE 3]] text = "34.1.1.0/30" x = -203.0 y = 7.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,9,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" rotate = -30 color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 4]] text = "13.1.1.0/30" x = -375.0 y = -38.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,9,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" rotate = 28 color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 5]] text = "12.1.1.0/30" x = -375.0 y = -121.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,9,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" rotate = -30 color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 6]] text = "56.1.1.0/30" x = 90.0 y = -106.0 rotate = -73 color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 7]] text = "11.1.1.0/30" x = -526.0 y = -97.0 color = "#860000" [[NOTE 8]] text = "45.1.1.0/30" x = -61.0 y = -100.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,9,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 9]] text = "Loopback 1\n4.4.4.4/32" x = -111.0 y = -48.0 [[NOTE 10]] text = "Loopback 1 : 10.2.2.2/32" x = 27.0 y = -279.0 [[NOTE 11]] text = "Loopback 1\n1.1.1.1/32" x = -453.0 y = -124.0 [[NOTE 12]] text = "BGP AS 10" x = -132.0 y = -178.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,12,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#00007f" [[NOTE 13]] text = "BGP AS 30" x = 66.0 y = -307.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,12,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#00007f" [[NOTE 14]] text = "Loopback 1 : 10.1.1.1/32" x = -630.0 y = -11.0 [[NOTE 15]] text = "BGP AS 20" x = -594.0 y = -149.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,12,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#00007f" [[NOTE 16]] text = "BGP Neighbor-ship Between \n\nEBGP : LA - WDC1 & WDC5 - NY with MD5 Authentication\nIBGP :WDC1-2, WDC1-3, WDC2-4, WDC3-4 \n WDC1- WDC4 (Loopback to Loopback)\n" x = -612.0 y = -299.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,11,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#590044" [[NOTE 17]] text = "24.1.1.0/30" x = -187.0 y = -155.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,9,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" rotate = 28 color = "#8b0000" [[NOTE 18]] text = "IGP - OSPF 1 \n Area 0" x = -307.0 y = -89.0 font = "MS Shell Dlg 2,12,-1,5,75,0,0,0,0,0" color = "#003e00" [[SHAPE 1]] type = rectangle x = -622.0 y = -113.0 width = 154.0 height = 100.0 fill_color = "#f3c2ff" border_style = 3 z = -1.0 [[SHAPE 2]] type = ellipse x = -466.0 y = -207.0 width = 560.0 height = 263.0 fill_color = "#b1ff87" border_style = 2 z = -1.0 [[SHAPE 3]] type = rectangle x = 21.0 y = -279.0 width = 200.0 height = 100.0 fill_color = "#a9ddff" border_style = 3 z = -2.0

BGP - Tshoot-Solution File/configs/LA.cfg!!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname LA!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface Loopback1 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!router bgp 20 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes network 10.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor 11.1.1.2 remote-as 10 neighbor 11.1.1.2 password CISCO no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot-Solution File/configs/NY.cfg!

!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname NY!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface Loopback1 ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.255!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 56.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!router bgp 30 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes network 10.2.2.2 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor 56.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 56.1.1.1 password CISCO no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot-Solution File/configs/WDC1.cfg!!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname WDC1!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface Loopback1 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/2 ip address 11.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/3 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 12.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 13.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 10 neighbor 4.4.4.4 update-source Loopback1 neighbor 4.4.4.4 next-hop-self neighbor 11.1.1.1 remote-as 20 neighbor 11.1.1.1 password CISCO neighbor 12.1.1.2 remote-as 10 neighbor 13.1.1.2 remote-as 10 no auto-summary!ip default-gateway 4.4.4.4ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot-Solution File/configs/WDC2.cfg!!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname WDC2!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 ip address 24.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 12.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 24.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 12.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 24.1.1.2 remote-as 10 no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0line aux 0line vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot-Solution File/configs/WDC3.cfg!!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname WDC3!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 13.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 ip address 34.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 13.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 34.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 13.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 34.1.1.2 remote-as 10 no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot-Solution File/configs/WDC4.cfg!!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname WDC4!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface Loopback1 ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 24.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 ip address 34.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/2 ip address 45.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/3 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 24.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 34.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 45.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 1.1.1.1 update-source Loopback1 neighbor 1.1.1.1 route-reflector-client neighbor 24.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 34.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 45.1.1.2 remote-as 10 neighbor 45.1.1.2 route-reflector-client no auto-summary!ip default-gateway 1.1.1.1ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end

BGP - Tshoot-Solution File/configs/WDC5.cfg!!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname WDC5!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5ip cef!!!!no ip domain lookupip domain name lab.local!multilink bundle-name authenticated!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!archive log config hidekeys! !!!!!!!interface Loopback1 no ip address!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/0 ip address 45.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto!interface Serial0/1 ip address 56.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/2 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!interface Serial0/3 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000!router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 45.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0!router bgp 10 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 45.1.1.1 remote-as 10 neighbor 45.1.1.1 next-hop-self neighbor 56.1.1.2 remote-as 30 neighbor 56.1.1.2 password CISCO no auto-summary!ip forward-protocol nd!!no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!!!!!control-plane!!!!!!!!!!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline aux 0 exec-timeout 0 0 privilege level 15 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!!end