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Beyond Survival in the Academy
MIS 696A Book Presentation
Wei Chang / Cuiping Chen / Siddharth Kaza
Ying Liu / Wei Wei / Ming Yuan
Surviving the Transition
Maureen C. Minielli
“Although most doctoral preparation occurs at research universities, proportionally more faculty positions arise at college and universities
where research is less central to faculty life than teaching”- Dinham (1999a)
The Mental Adjustment
Graduate Student to Faculty Member It is normal to question your abilities as a starting
academic.
Alma Mater to New Institution
Expectations lead to Stress Ways to alleviate stress are mentioned Your abilities are what got you the position, so don’t worry!
The Mental Adjustment
Collegiality Teaching, Research, Social activities, Housekeeping
Using a Mentor A mentor can inform of unspoken rules If you don’t have one, find one
The Emotional Adjustment
Leaving a comfort zone for a new place is both exciting and terrifying Things that you have come to know and love during
graduate school may not be present
Changes in Lifestyle Gone are the days of long papers and lengthy studies Gone also are the days of late night beers
Be Yourself!
The Financial Adjustment
Startup costs Moving costs
Which may be part of contract Housing: Apartment or Own? Deposits Day Care, Pets
Professional Costs
Paying faculty rates instead of student rates
Cost of professional memberships increase by almost two fold
Plan ahead for conferences and conventions
Forgotten Costs
Parking and Automobile Concerns “The moment I get a job I’ll buy a BMW” – Sidd (11/20/02)
Socializing “Sunshine” Funds Unions Professional Attire Student Loans
The Invisible Burden
Taxes The most emphasized part of the chapter Do not forget deductions for academics
– Sharmila P. Ferris
International Students: You need to apply for work permits, Universities may not do that
Salaries and Paychecks
It might take as long as two months for your paycheck
Use the university credit union if available Author suggests taking union dues, parking
fees etc. of your paycheck Save for the “Rainy Day” !
Benefits
Health Insurance Life Insurance Retirement No-Tenure Insurance? Attend the informational meeting if there is
one
To Summarize
Prior to Arrival Arrive Early Get the essentials before students arrive
After Arrival A good working schedule Get to know the department, procedures, class
rooms etc. Attend all faculty orientations Do not Say ‘Yes’ to everything
Beyond Graduate School:Making the transition to EducatorJessica S. Mallard
Maureen C. Minielli
Four Pedagogical Issues Initial teaching challenges Changing student
demographics Current teaching trend Classroom technologies
Basic advice
Overview
Pedagogical issues - I
Initial teaching challenges Difference between secondary and post-
secondary teaching Problem with teaching assistants How to teach undergraduates A related problem of intelligence
Changing student demographics Increase in the number of students Varying level of student preparation
Pedagogical issues - II
Current teaching trends Active learning Learning communities Changing pedagogy
Classroom technologies Challenge for faculty New undergraduates are familiar with technology Problem of cheating with technology Technology augments good teaching methods, not
replacing them
Basic Advice - I
Familiarize yourself with your surroundings Learn the history and culture of your
department and college Visit your institution’s teaching resource
center Syllabus Construction Examinations and other student assessment
tools
Basic Advice - II
Teaching evaluations Office supplies Course options Tutors and study groups Americans with disabilities act Serving as a role model Employ good communication skills Expect mistakes
Developing the Whole Scholar
Sharmila P. Ferris
The issue of integrating scholarship into our academic lives in every aspect As teachers As researchers As members of the academic and social
community
Scholarship Definition
Scholarship defined Traditionally, scholarship is equated with research
and its outcomes Roles of teaching and service need to be
recognized Scholarship redefined
Carnegie model first proposed by Boyer (1990) includes teaching, applied scholarship and service
Becoming the “Complete Scholar” Scholarship of discovery
A commitment to knowledge Teaching, application and integration are equally important
to research Scholarship of integration
Making a contribution to the outside world Scholarship of teaching
Elevating teaching to the same level of research Scholarship of application
Service as scholarship
Beyond the Seminar paper:Research and the New AcademicKendall R. Phillips
As New Academics New academics need to answer:
Profession
alInstitutional
Person
al
Where do I fit
in?I love academy
Research is important
How important research is to me?
What types of scholarly activities should I engage in?
What resources do I have?
Publish or Perish
Our training is research-focused Publish or Perish?
How much your institution wants you to do research? Teaching Vs. Research
Is research the reason you entered academic life?
What are your motivations to do research? How you value your research?
Institutional Goals - I
Institution classification Doctoral/Research
Universities Research Extensive I Research Intensive II
Master’s Colleges and Universities
Associate’s Colleges Tribal Colleges and
Universities
Data source: http://www.carnegiefoundation.org/Classification/index.htm
Number of Institutions Classified as Research Universities I and II: 1973-94
Institution Classification 2000
Institutional Goals - II
What type of institution are you in ? How much is your teaching load ?
Teaching and research are not polar opposites Benefit from each other
Find out the expectation of your own institution Research productivity Research quality The balance between teaching and research
Professional Goals
Retrospection
What did I want then?
I love doing researchI want tenure
I want to be rich
What do I want now or
in the future?
I want a promotion
Maybe I should change my career
I have a potential in research
I need to find anotherinstitution
Personal Goals
A professor’s life
Is your job a major source of strain? Personal vs. Professional
More Less
Personal vs. Institutional—Institutional support
+
To Summarize
Establish a sustainable long-term research agenda that aligns: Institutional goals Professional goals Personal goals
You may need to: Re-evaluate and alter relationships among goals Seek other professional activities Change institutions or careers
Think and find out where you fit in
Where to Publish
You need publications How many do you need to reach:
Professional goal Personal goal Institutional goal
What publications do you need? Type Tier
Path of Publishing
Proceedings of Conferences
Journal Articles
Major Journal Articles
How to Publish Find support for publishing your work
Professional
Institutional
Person
al
Money
Time
Personnel
Professional OrganizationsIEEE / ACM / AIS
Or
To Summarize
Develop knowledge about publishing your work: Where / How / Possibilities
Based on your research agenda, have a publishing plan
Use all available resources wisely
Networking and the Professional
Maureen C. Minielli
Networking
“Networking is the process of gathering, collection, and distributing information for mutual benefit of your and the people in your network” --Fisher & Vilas
Why we need networking?
To create, develop, and enhance social relationships
To become acquainted with people with varying backgrounds
To acquire valuable information and resources
To share leads, ideas and expertise
Develop your own network
Get out of your comfort zone – become a networker
A skill to acquire yet obtainable Ask yourself about your networking goals:
Large or small? One profession-centered or multi-disciplinary? Who to include in my network? How to network with them?
Places to Network
Seminars Workshops Conferences Organizations and Association meetings Social / religious gatherings
Channels to Network
Phone calls Air travel Books Grapevines Mutual friends Coalitions Newsletters
For New Academics - I
Maintain old contacts: Your graduate buddies and advisors / professors / mentors
Establish new contacts Within your department
Take time to attend meetings and talk to people Use your designated mentor Attend intellectual gatherings / Join groups Socialize Be friends with administrative staff
For New Academics - II
Within your institution Outside your department Opportunities for collaboration
Outside your institution Organizations and Associations Conventions and Conferences
Organizations and Associations Can be: Local / State / Regional / National / International List of IS organizations and associations:
American Society for Information Science and Technology (http://www.asis.org/):
IEEE Computer Society (http://www.computer.org/) Association for Information Systems (http://www.aisnet.org/) Association for Computing Machinery (http://www.acm.org/): Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (http://www.hfes.org/
) Society for Technical Communication (http://www.stc-va.org/) INFORMS—Institutes for Operation Research and
Management Sciences (http://www.informs.org/)
With Organizations
Get to know your community Keep posted of new research in your fields Good way to network Serve the community
Conferences
Opportunities to engage with peers from different institutions
In Conferences
Present your research Poster Paper presentation Panel chair
Talk / Listen to people Attend sessions of interest Get to know people in a less professional environment
Make yourself known
Research Network
Get to know people who have the same research interests
Show your appreciation for their work Open up discussion when you meet them
Talk about their research Volunteer work
Valuable Advice - I
Be a “giver”, not a “taker” How can I serve the community and other people “Going the extra mile for others is the best way to get the
flow of good things coming back to you” Effective communication skills
Speak loud, clearly and interesting Pleasing appearance Be confident Be a good listener, show respect Introduce yourself and people you know
Valuable Advice - II
Interpersonal skills Good Etiquette Present yourself in a positive and favorable manner all the
time Say thank you / Send notes
Self-promotion Talk Make an impression Initiate and keep contacts
Valuable Advice - III
Computers and Emails Not as effective as face-to-face You avoid them, they will avoid you
Networking is a two-way street The more you contribute, the more you can get
back Participate, participate, participate more
To Take Away
Networking is extremely important Find your own effective ways to network Don’t be shy Be polite
Service and the Academy
Jessica S. Mallard
Service generally counts towards tenure and promotions
Service to the department Service to the institution Service to the community Overload problem General issue
Service
Service to the department - I
Activities that bring benefit to the department Advising students Recruitment Changing the curriculum Other general operations
These activities are usually tied to committees Standing committees deal with regular and specific
issues Ad hoc committees are appointed for particular
needs
Service to the department - II
Department committee Document the success to department programs
and emphasize the importance of faculty service and recruitment
Discuss offering remedial courses to unprepared students
Review grade appeals, departmental job searches and personnel issues
Deal with periodic issues such as program reviews , assessment, accreditation. (more time consuming)
Service to institution
Attend institutional functions, serve on committees of the college and, be involved in any activities that benefit the institution
Some activities are mandatory, some are voluntary Should have a brief understanding of faculty senate
and senate committees. Know background, expectation and time demands
before attending a committee Other general activities that benefit students or a
student group
Service to the community
Your service can benefit the institution in terms of goodwill towards the college and public relations.
Community service is totally self-directed Various ways to get involved in a community
Consult to Convention and Visitors Bureau Search the yellow pages Getting involved with church groups Read hometown newspapers Browse Internet
www.volunteermatch.org www.serviceleader.org
Overload problem
Committee work can be very time consuming Service loads vary according to the size of
the institution, gender and so on Balance with service and other activities such
as teaching and research It is not necessary to be on every committee
for which you were asked Evaluate which committees are the most
important in terms of tenure and promotion
General issues
New academic Feel isolated Cannot enter the committees in the first year Have someone in your department act as a
mentor or advisor Ask for the faculty policy guide Keep track of, and document any type of
service that you perform
Moving from Advisee to Advisor
Kendall R. Phillips
Extracurricular advising/Summary The university experience should be more than
classrooms, competitions, grades, degrees Summary
Consider this table carefully in your mind
Time knowledge Goals relation
Graduate
undergraduate
Co-curricular
Extracurricular
Feel unfamiliar or strange when roles change Four common advising relationships
Graduate students Undergraduate students Co-curricular Extracurricular
Four major areas of concern should be considered Time Knowledge Goals Relationships
Moving from Advisee to Advisor
Graduate student advising - I
More time consuming Getting access to graduate students is important Time
Post “graduate student office hours” Establish “regular advisee time” for individual or team
group Be at office as much time as possible
Knowledge Establish intellectual “boundaries” Read “graduate handbook” for the rules and regulations of
your particular institution
Graduate student advising - II Goals
Learn to deal with students who are uncertain about their career goals
Suggestions Develop connections with professionals in your area Incorporate other faculty members into your advising Know when to “stretch” and when to “move on”
Graduate student advising - III Relationships
Consider the relationship not only to the advisee but also to other graduates and other faculty
Adapt your advising style to the needs of the students
Write out your expectations and what you can provide to the advisee. Get prepared before advising
Undergraduate student advising - I You may have a big effect on them Sometimes advising takes place in a central
“advising center” via professional advisor Time
How much time and energy you want to devote to undergraduate students
Advising needs will increase at the time of enrollment and as graduation nears
Technique: Require students to come prepared for advising Keep good records on advising meetings Have an early meeting in informal settings
Undergraduate student advising- II Knowledge
Don’t be afraid to send a student to someone else Goals
Help student to find a future direction Get a disciplinary publication regarding the
applicability of your major Relationship
Establish an open-door policy
Co-curricular
Time The conflict between related field and your profession
Knowledge Determine what activities you feel comfortable with and
what activities are outside your purview Goal
Push to new direction or maintain traditional approaches? Relationship
The relationship with advisee’s ex-coach
Other Issues:Hiring, Adjuncts, and Affirmative Action
Sharmilar Pixy Ferris
Kendall R. Phillips
Hiring - I
Characteristics of today’s academic marketplace The complex hiring process
Development of advertisement Posting advertisement Constitution of a search committee Concerns about university, state, and federal requirements Concerns about union requirements Extract a short list of qualified candidates Notify selected candidates to interview Set up of the interviews A final decision of one or more finalists Offers to the finalist
Hiring - II
Factors affecting hiring decisions Candidates’ qualifications Perceived performance Personality Qualifications of other candidates Suitability to the needs Biases and hidden agendas of the committee
members
Hiring - III
Desired qualifications Research Teaching Service Outreach Administration
Applying - I
Identify suitable jobs Disciplinary journals Chronicle of Higher Education Related websites
- HigherEd.net
- University Job Network Registration for Placement Services through
disciplinary organizations
Applying - II
Prepare the application package (Tailored) Curriculum Vitae Cover Letter Statement of Research Interests Statement of Teaching Interests Letters of Reference Paper(s)
Applying - III
Coordinate the mailings of your applications Receive replies from schools and schedule
interviews Prepare for conference interviews Conference interview Campus interview Get offer(s) or be rejected
Adjuncts
The adjunct’s perspective Advantage: flexibility Difficulties: Lack of support, less academic freedom,
and exploitation Impacts on full-time faculty
Academic standards Departmental culture
Influences on the academy The issue of academic freedom Universities becoming more corporate
Affirmative Action - I
A brief history Executive Order 11247 : “It is the policy of the
national government to provide equal opportunity in federal employment to all qualified persons, to prohibit discrimination in employment because of race, creed, color, or national origin, and to promote the full realization of equal employment opportunity through a positive, continuing program in each department or agency.” - President Johnson
Affirmative Action - II
A brief history 1967: Prohibit gender discrimination 1971: Revised Order Number 4 mandated
“acceptable affirmative action programs” – President Nixon
Reversals in affirmative action
- 1995: the University of California
- 1999: the State of Washington
Affirmative Action - III
Impacts on the Academy Lack of diversity Stifling of multiculturalism Failure to accept pluralistic voices
Impacts on the minority Entry into the academy Climate of the workplace Possibilities for success and advancement
Preparing for Tenure
WHAT
WHY
HOW
Preparation
Sharmila P. Ferris
What is Tenure? AAUP, 1995, p.3It is an academic position that is Freedom of teaching and research and of
extramural activities; And a sufficient degree of economic security
to make the profession attractive to men and women of ability.
+ $$$ = Attention = ???
Why tenure is a personal goal?Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Give me 9 years working on Fermat assertion:nnn ZYX
The need for self-actualization is "the desire to become more and more what one is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming." People who have everything can maximize their potential. They can seek knowledge, peace, esthetic experiences, self-fulfillment, oneness with God, etc.
How to achieve tenure goal?
Define personal goal Understand rules Build relationships
Of course, researching harder, teaching harder and serving harder …
Personal goal match
Research vs. Teaching university Is this a stepping stone? Work vs. Life Define, write done and prioritize
Tenure rules of the institution Explicit vs. implicit
Explicit: contract and faculty handbook Implicit: in people’s mind like what are A-level publications,
how many papers … Talk to secretaries who prepare the documents
Research, teach and service Make sure you understand the expectation Publish one journal paper + two conference /year (UW,
USC, UPenn). Don’t write a book now. Maintain above average student rating Contribute “enough” to the academic society
The review process Single committee vs. hierarchical process
Manage relationships
Managing relationships
People are the most unpredictable entities in the university: colleagues and students
Building a network of allies, you cannot avoid enemies.
You behavior should be guided by reason and evidence, not passion.
Dealing with administrators: their roles and notion in tenure review; they expect more accountability from new faculty.
Preparation of tenure review portfolio Start at the first day of your academic life Define the 6 to 10 year time line Assembling the portfolio
Published and unpublished papers, research in progress, scholarly activities
Student evaluation, curricular innovation, class activities, lectures, videotapes of teaching (!)
Service to the department, college, professional community, and students.
Finally, you are there
Comments and Questions?