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IEA 4E Mapping and Benchmarking Annex Benchmarking results for domes4c refrigerated appliances (2013)

Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

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Page 1: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

IEA 4E Mapping and Benchmarking Annex

Benchmarking results for domes4c refrigerated appliances 

(2013) 

Page 2: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Product Defini4on 

M&B Category  Descrip4on 

Refrigerator/Freezer The primary compartment for fresh storage (5oC >= T> 0oC) and the primary frozen food compartment has a rated temperature T <= ‐15oC 

Freezer only A unit where all compartments have a temperature raBng          T <= ‐15oC 

Refrigerator only and  refrigerators with freezer compartments 

The primary compartment is for fresh storage (5oC >= T> 0oC) and •  no freezer compartment, or •  a freezer compartment of less than 14l, or •  a frozen food compartment rated 0oC >= T > ‐15oC  

  Insufficient data available to conduct “refrigerators only “ and “refrigerators with freezer compartments” analysis  

  Full product definiBon available at: 

 h@p://mappingandbenchmarking.iea‐4e.org/shared_files/308/download 

Page 3: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

What has been analysed 

All Domes4c Cold Appliances 

Refrigerator/ Freezer 

Combina4ons 

Freezer Top  Freezer BoKom  Freezer Side 

Refrigerator  and Refrigerator with 

Freezer Freezer Only 

Chest  Upright 

  Core data: –  Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes

  Enhanced Data: –  Product configuration, sales, whether unit designed for built-in or

freestanding application, type of defrost, etc

Page 4: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Normalisa4on of Appliance Data 

  Many complex interrelated aspects of each test impact on energy consumpNon 

  Only one was considered in this analysis: compartment and ambient temperature condiBons –  NormalisaBon for temperature variaBons developed 

from empirical data  by Expert 

–  Adjustments for degree difference in fresh and frozen compartments and ambient test temperatures (by product type) 

  NormalisaBon conducted to EU test temperatures 

  Note: –  NormalisaNon favours units with larger freezers 

Hence results for Australia, Canada and USA likely  to be relaNvely favourable 

–   Japan normalised locally and not verifiable (extra cauNon with EEI results)  4 

Toler‐ances 

Temperatures: 

Compartment: Ambient 

Door openings 

Air convec‐ 4on 

Loading regime 

Page 5: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

MEPS, Labels and Registra4on 

Australia  Canada  EU  Japan  Korea  Switzerland  USA 

Minimum Energy Performance Standards 

2000

2005

2010

1978

2001

2014

1999 MEPS

(2002 Voluntary)

2012

2014

2004 Top Runner

Ongoing revisions

from 1992

2008/10

2010-2012

2010 (EU A)

2011 (EU A+)

2013 (EU A++)

1993

2000

2014

Mandatory Labelling 

2000 (1-6 star)

2010

1995 EnerGuide

1995 (A-G)

2004 (A+/++ added)

2011 (A+++)

1999 ‘Voluntary’

2006 5-starmark

‘Voluntary’

1992 (1-6 star)

Multiple revisions

2010 running costs

2010 CO2

emissions

1995 (A-G)

2004 (A+/++ added)

2011 (A+++)

1980 EnerGuide

2007

Voluntary Premium Labelling 

2001 (ENERGY

STAR)

2004

2008

Various (Environment/

Energy)

2012 (Energy Frontier)

1998 (ENERGY

STAR)

2003

2008 5 

Page 6: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Policy Impact on Energy Consump4on (Declared UEC of refrigerator/freezers) 

  Large fall in consumpBon in all countries – average of 2.6% per year 

  SBll a 100% difference between highest and lowest consumpBon 

Page 7: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Policy Impact on Energy Consump4on (Normalised UEC of refrigerator/freezers) 

  Normalised data is much more similar: 2010/11 range is  250‐400 kWh/yr 

EU:  low UECs, constant improvement from MEPS & industry agreements 

Australia/Canada/USA: high UECs, stepped improvement in line with MEPS 

Japan:  Stand out improvement linked to TOP RUNNER programme 

Page 8: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Difference in average Refrigerator/ Freezer capaci4es 

  Total adjusted volume by Country 

  Frozen compartment volume by Country 

  Fresh compartment volume by Country 

Page 9: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Compara4ve Refrigerator/Freezer Unit Energy Efficiency (kWh/adjusted litre) 

Normalised Unit Energy

consumption

Total adjusted Volume

Page 10: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Compara4ve Refrigerator/Freezer  Energy Efficiency Index (EU EEI) 

10 

  EEI accounts for different sizes/types giving a comparable efficiency metric 

  Same graph overlaid with EU label boundaries 

Page 11: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Normalised UEC: Individual refrigerator/ freezers (2009‐2011) 

11 

  Smaller EU models tend to have the lower Unit Energy ConsumpBons 

  Larger North American models tend to have lower Unit Energy ConsumpBons 

  Australian models are somewhere inbetween 

Page 12: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

MEPS UEC thresholds for Refrigerator/ Freezer combina4ons 

12 

  EU more stringent for small models : North America for larger models 

  Possibility to combine both with a non‐linear MEPS 

  Switzerland leading currently announced MEPS – sBll linear 

Page 13: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Performance Claims, Tolerances and Allowances 

13 

  Individual products in the UK market in 2002,  

  Clustering below label thresholds over Bme 

2005, 2006, 2008 

Page 14: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Have technological limits been  reached? 

14 

  Refrigerator/Freezer  efficiency: Declared 401‐500 litres 

  Japanese TOP RUNNER programme is sales weighted.  This has driven market average to threshold of EU A++ label by 2010 

Page 15: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

And the poten4al benefits 

15 

  Business as Usual Scenario for domesBc refrigerated appliances 

  Same number of appliances if BAT/BNAT is adopted 

  EsBmated total savings at 2050 = 300 TWh/yr = 13% of BAU scenario 

Countries: Australia Canada Republic of Korea Japan USA EU27

Page 16: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

Summary 

  The extended use of policy intervenBon in refrigerated appliances is working in all countries  –  VariaBons in policy (labelling, MEPS, top runner, etc) appropriate to local 

culture/condiBons leading to similar outcomes –  But regular revisions are important to ensure ongoing progress 

  Significant potenBal savings from products already in market through: –  Movement to MEPS/regulaBons based on curves rather than linear  

requirements (possible staged through adopBon of best current at each volume range) 

–  In the longer term migraBon to regulaBon based on adjusted surface areas? –  Consider Bghtening tolerance/allowance regimes 

  Technological barriers have not been reached –  Enormous saving potenBal sBll available to be tapped 

  Remember to look beyond naBonal borders to establish potenBal and opBons  16 

Page 17: Benchmarking results for domesc refrigerated appliances (2013) · Chest Upright 3 Core data: – Unit Energy Consumption (UEC), Compartment Volumes Enhanced Data: – Product configuration,

IEA 4E Mapping and Benchmarking Annex

Benchmarking results for domes4c refrigerated appliances