BENCHMARK 2 REVIEW

1 8 6 0 S - 1 9 2 0 S • Reconstruction• Progressive Movement/Party and

Populist Party• World War I

THE RECONSTRUCTION/CIVIL RIGHTSThink About It:

1. What has been the lasting impact of the 13th , 14th , and 15th Amendment?

2. How did efforts to repair the wounds of the Civil War create political and social discord?

THE RECONSTRUCTION/CIVIL RIGHTSThe years following the Civil War between 1865-1877 are

known as Reconstruction.The reason historians use the term Reconstruction is because

this was the periodwhen the federal government restored the seceded states to

the Union. This provedTo be a difficult and contentious process. The federal

government had to deal With three main issues: 1. How to deal with the states as they rejoined the Union. 2. How Southern whites should be treated. 3. How to deal with the freed slaves.

THE RECONSTRUCTION/CIVIL RIGHTSThe passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendment was

governmentsattempt at giving African Americans civil rights and protecting

those rights, yetAfrican Americans still struggled for civil rights.Because of harsh condition in the South Massive Numbers of

African Americans will leave the South and migrate North During WWI for jobs. ( Why were there so many jobs?)

1. What were some things done to help African American during the Reconstruction?

2. Between the 1860s and 1920s what are some ways African American have fought for civil right?

3. Who emerged as leaders within the Black community during this era?

THE RECONSTRUCTION/CIVIL RIGHTSMany in the south opposed civil right for African American.1. In what ways did the following represent opposition to civil

right and equality for African Americans? a. KKK b. Poll Tax c. Literacy Test

PROGRESSIVISM-PROGRESSIVES AND POPULIST 1890S-1920S

The Progressive Era refers to an era of political change that called for the increased regulation of business and the regulation of government, including the regulation of income tax, direct elections, prohibition and women’s right to vote.

1. How do social and political issues lead to the progressive movement?

2. How do gender race and socio economics affect attitudes toward reform?

PROGRESSIVISM-PROGRESSIVES AND POPULIST 1890S-1920Smuckrakers, were American journalists, novelists, and critics

who in thefirst decade of the 20th cent. attempted to expose the abuses

of business and thecorruption in politics through their writings and publications

PROGRESSIVISM-PROGRESSIVES AND POPULIST 1890S-1920SDURING THE PROGRESSIVE ERA THERE WAS AN INCREASE IN

THE GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF BUSINESS.Anti-Trust Legislation began to emerge, which consisted of

laws designed to prevent and dismantle monopolies. (Decrease in monopolies means an increase in what among businesses?).

The Federal Reserve- Regulated banks• Interstate Commerce Act- Regulated trade between states• Sherman Anti- Trust Act- Regulated- Prevented the formation of

conglomerates or trust that could potentially become monopolies• Clayton Anti- Trust Act-Regulated- Intended to provide clarity about

the Sherman Anti Trust Act

PROGRESSIVISM-PROGRESSIVES AND POPULIST 1890S-1920SIMPORTANT:Although our political system is dominated by two parties, the

Democrat’s and Republican’s, many of the ideas these two parties support come from what we call 3rd parties like the Progressive Party, Populist Party, or in todays world the Green Party, or even the Tea Party

PROGRESSIVISM-PROGRESSIVES AND POPULIST 1890S-1920SDuring the Progressive Era Women’s Rights Leaders like Susan

B Anthony promoted Women’s Suffrage

PROGRESSIVISM-PROGRESSIVES AND POPULIST 1890S-1920SIMPORTANT:The Progressive Era prompted the American Government/

Congress to pass laws designed to help working, people protect the environment, and make sure that the food supply is safe.

WORLD WAR 1-THE GREAT WAR 1914-1918Important things to know about the WWI Era1. Many African Americans Migrated North to escape the Jim

Crow south, and to find jobs many of which were available because many white men had to leave their jobs to go fight in the war.

2. Of the four major cause of war IMPERIALISM plays a significant role in WWI as the united States and other countries compete for colonies or land which leads to competition and fighting

WORLD WAR 1-THE GREAT WAR 1914-1918After WWI there was the Bolshevik Revolution which led to the

rise of communism in Russia and a Fear of Communism in the United Statesl

The Palmer RaidsRed ScareAnd Schenk v. United StatesA rise in anti-immigrant sentimentsA rise in Nativism(What do each of these tell about what can happen concerning

Civil Rights during war time?).

WORLD WAR 1-THE GREAT WAR 1914-1919The war between Austria – Hungary and Serbia ultimately

becomes a world war because of the alliance system? ( What does this mean?).The United States wants to stayOut of the war, but because ofSubmarine (U-boat) attacks by Germany and the ZimmermannNote sent to Mexico by the Germany the United States is forced

into war and joins the war on the side of the Triple Entente which then simply becomes known as the Allies.

The Triple Alliance then becomes known as the Central Powers