Ben Block Presentation to USAID

8/7/2019 Ben Block Presentation to USAID

1/23

Fulbright Fellow Presentation onREDD Consultation in Per

Ben BlockFulbright Fellow, [email protected]


2/23

Amazon Development and

Consultation

Bagua


3/23

Amazon Development and

Consultation Plans for 2010-2021 include880km of new roads and 26hydropower plants. Some10m ha is now titled formining

Decree 1090 (forest andwildlife law) removedprotected status from 45million ha of forest

Decree 1064 allowedcompanies to change zoningpermits of concessionswithout local approval

Source: Dourojeanni, M AmazonaPeruana en 2021 (2009)


4/23

Ley de Consulta

Ley del Derecho a la Consulta Previa a LosPueblos Indgenas u Originarios Reconocidoen el Convenio No 169 de la OrganizacinInternacional del Trabajo

May 2010 Congress passes law

June 2010 President Garcia issues veto

"The law approved by Congress goes beyond the [UN

Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples] because itdoesn't just include tribal communities in the Amazon but alsopeasant communities... If you want to build a road or gaspipeline and the locals say 'no,' then there is no road orelectricity." - Alan Garcia Source: The Guardian


5/23

Reducing Emissions from

Deforestation and ForestDegradation (REDD) in Peru $3.6m Forest Carbon Partnership Facility

$50m (projected) Forest Investment Program $1.9m Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation

$6.9m KfW

$4m NORAD

$20m (budgeted) USAIDSource: Peru RPP to FCPF


6/23

REDD in Peru


7/23

Sub-nested Approach

Regional Mesa REDDs in San Martin,Madre de Dios, Cusco, Piura, Loreto,Ucayali

At least 5 readiness activities At least 12 demonstration activities

Source: Peru RPP to FCPF


8/23

Consultation on REDD Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-Term

Cooperative Action requests developing countryParties to ensure the full and effectiveparticipation of relevant stakeholders, inter alia

indigenous peoples and local communities


9/23

National REDD Consultation Plan

Comisin Nacional de Cambio Climatico'sGrupo Tecnico REDD extends officialinvitation to Grupo REDD

Grupo REDD: Formed in 2008, includes 70public and private institutions

"The R-PP contains evidence that a reasonably broad rangeof key stakeholders has been identified, voices of vulnerable

groups are beginning to be heard, and that a reasonableamount of time and effort has been invested to raise generalawareness of the basic concepts and process of REDD-plus"-FCPF

Source: FCPF TAP


10/23

MINAM

Organizaciones Nacionales

AIDESEP - CONAP

Organizaciones Regionales

Federaciones de Base (*)

Comunidades Nativas

(*) En el caso que las federaciones que no se encuentren afiliadas aninguna organizacin regional o nacional, el MINAM realizar lascomunicaciones directamente Source: Peru

RPP to FCPF


11/23

National REDD Consultation Plan

REDD projects must comply with ILO Convention169 requirements of free, prior, and informedconsent for projects on titled land

Developers ought to consider if consultation is

necessary if untitled communities are involved The three processes (forestry law, REDD and environmental

services) do not mainstream the full validity of ILOConvention 169 as well as the UN Declaration on the rights of

indigenous peoples...REDD policies and contracts as well donot contain effective guarantees for the mentioned indigenousrights. Are we indigenous peoples 'less relevant' thanbiodiversity or decentralization that are in fact mentioned?- Asociacin Intertnica de Desarollo de la Selva Peruana


12/23

Case Study: Ley Forestal

Law-making Phase (August 2009): Meetings inPucallpa, Tarapoto, Iquitos, Ica, Cajamarca,Chiclayo, Jan, La Merced, Huancayo, PuertoMaldonado, Arequipa, Junin, Chacapoyas, Lima.

Overall, about 1,000 attendants First Consultation Phase (August 2010): Meetings in

Puerto Maldonado, Pucallpa, Iquitos, Chiclayo,Moyobamba, Lima

Second Consultation Phase (January 2011): Metingsin Iquitos, Satipo, Pucallpa, Tarapoto, Piura,Moyobamba, Cusco, Lima

Source: Ministry of Agriculture


13/23

Regional FocusMadre de Dios

40% of miningconcessions overlapwith other concessions

300 migrants per day forinformal mining industry

370,000 hadeforestation due to

mining

Source: Ministry of Environment


14/23

REDD in Madre de Dios

7 early development projects

5 feasibility/ origination projectsSource: Hajek(et al)EnvironmentalScience andPolicy


15/23

Mesa sobre Servicios Ambientales

Regional Government of Madre de Dios formedComisin Tcnica del Cambio Climtico in March2009

First informal meeting of Mesa REDD, May 2009

Mesa REDD created formally, December 2009

Name changed to Mesa sobre Servicios Ambientalesy REDD+ (MSAR), November 2010

It is a space for dialogue between different public and privateorganizations concerned with issues of environmental services inthe region of Madre de Dios, based on the free participation,goodwill and commitment of its members

Source: Reglas Procedimientos Mesa SSAA MDD


16/23

Regional Readiness Efforts

Madre de Dios 395 Tg (million metric tons)

carbons stored across 4.3million ha

Range: 65-80 Mg C ha inforests at the base of Andeson Cretaceous surfaces to85-100 MgC ha in older

tertiary substrates to 110-125Mg C ha in more fertile, flatHolocene alluvial surfaces

Source: Asner, et al PNAS


17/23

Regional Readiness Efforts

Madre de DiosCarbon Decisionsdeforestationprojection study,

March 2010 $50/ha/yr

opportunity cost

results in 2%annualdeforestation rate

2006 2015

2030 2040


18/23

MAT Corridor REDD Project

Asociacin para la Conservacin de la CuencaAmaznica (ACCA) project

Objective: Conserve 400,000 ha of private forestbetween Manu National Park, Los Amigos Conservation

Concession, Tambopata National Reserve 484 private property owners, 240 reforestation

concessions, 9 forestry concessions, 2 indigenouscommunities, 7 ecotourism concessions, several BrazilNut harvesters

122.8m tons CO2 stored

147,308 ha estimated forest loss (37%) by 2015

800 species identified Source: ACCA


19/23

MAT Corridor REDD ProjectFulbright Fellow Communications Study,

November 2010

Analysis of ACCA survey of74 potential MAT project

participants and 21attendants of ACCAworkshop


20/23

MAT Corridor REDD Project

Fulbright Fellow Communications Study In response to What do you

understand aboutenvironmental services? 80%(71/89) said they do not

understand

In response to What do youunderstand about carboncapture? 79% (70/89) said that

they do not understand Understanding improved only

slightly after the workshop. Inresponse to questions asking fortheir level of understanding of

environmental services and

Do you understand payment forecosystem services?

Yes No

Do you understand carbon capture?

Yes N o


21/23

Case Study: Bosques AmazonicosCastaero REDD Project

Private company Bosques Amazonicos organizing 400Brazil Nut collectors into associations

Federacin Departamental de Productores de Castaa

de Madre de Dios (FEPROCAMD) receives carbonrgiths from castaeros; FEPROCAMD transfers allcarbon rights to Bosques Amazonicos

BAM invests $1 million into new Brazil Nut processing

plant, legal and technical support Castaeros adopt forest management plan, commit to

30 years of cooperationSource: BAM


22/23

Case Study: Bosques Amazonicos

Castaero REDD Project Brazil Nut co-operative

divides profits 70/30among castaeros andBAM

Carbon market salesdivided 30/70 amongcastaeros and BAM

They know they are going toget some money at somepoint. They don't know when.

They don't know how.


23/23

Observations

Participation Uncertainty

Marginalized Progress

Costly Consultation Ambiguous Promises

Documents

Ben Block Presentation to USAID